Lecture 6__Neurons and Behavior
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Transcript of Lecture 6__Neurons and Behavior
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Neurons and Behavior:From Ion Channel to Action
Potential
Christian Kreipke, PhD
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Outline
Nerve Cells and Behavior
Cytology and Neurons
Synthesis and Trafficking of Neuronal Protein
Ion Channels
Membrane Potential
Local Signaling: Passive Electrical Properties
Action Potential
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Nerve Cells and Behavior
Part I
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Two Major types of Cells
Glial Cells
Nerve Cells
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Glial Cells (support)
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Nerve Cell
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There are
Several
Classifications
Of Neurons
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Divergence and Convergence is key
organizational feature
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Inhibitory interneurons produce either
feedforward or feedback inhibition
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Common features to all Neurons
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Membrane potential
Resting
Potential
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Sensory neurons transform physical
stimuli into electrical activity
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Reflex Action
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Cytology of Neurons
Part II
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Basic Organization
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Example: SensoryMotor
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Spinal Motor Neurons
Glia
DendritesAxons of spinal motor neurons have branches that make
synaptic contact with several interneurons
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Pyramidal Neurons
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Axons: Insulated by a myelin sheath
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Synthesis and Trafficking
of Neuronal Protein
Part III
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Free and membrane bound
polysomes translate mRNAs
that encode proteins with avariety of destinations
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Secretory v. transmembrane proteins
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Ion Channels
Part IV
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The ionic
permeability
properties of a
membrane are
determined by
the interactions of
ions with water,
the membranelipid bilayer, and
ion channels
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Characteristics of Current in a single
ion channel
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Models for the opening and closing of
ion channels
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Several types of Stimuli control the
opening and closing of ion channels
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Closing a voltage-gated channel
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Ligand binding and receptor kinetics
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Membrane Potential
Part V
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Membran Potential
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Distribution of Major Ions Across a
Neuronal Membrane ION [cytoplasm] [extracellular fluid] Equilibrium potential
K+ 400 20 -75
NA+ 50 440 +55
Cl- 52 560 -60
385Organic ions
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K + flux across the membrane is determined by
[K +] and electrical potential
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Resting Potential is determined by the relative proportion of open
ion channels with the value of their equilibrium potential
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Passive Electrical
Properties of a Neuron
Part VI
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Passive conduction of depolarization contributes to
propagating action potentials
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Action potentials are regenerated at
Nodes of Ranvier
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Propagated Signaling:
The Action Potential
Part VII
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Voltage-gated Na+ channels
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Gating Currents
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Gating is dependent on redistribution
of charge in a very discreet region