Lecture 5: The Brain. Nervous System (neurons) CNS n Central Nervous System Brain + Spinal cord PNS...
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Transcript of Lecture 5: The Brain. Nervous System (neurons) CNS n Central Nervous System Brain + Spinal cord PNS...
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Lecture 5:Lecture 5:
The BrainThe Brain
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Nervous System (neurons)Nervous System (neurons)CNSCNS
Central Nervous Central Nervous SystemSystem
Brain + Spinal cordBrain + Spinal cord
PNSPNS Peripheral Nervous Peripheral Nervous
SystemSystem
(All nerves that reach (All nerves that reach your extremities).your extremities).
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The BRAINThe BRAIN
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The brain....The brain....
The brain is divided into two halves The brain is divided into two halves called hemispheres, which called hemispheres, which communicate with each other through communicate with each other through the the Corpus CallosumCorpus Callosum (A bundle of (A bundle of nerve fibers).nerve fibers).
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Brain structuresBrain structures Cerebral CortexCerebral Cortex CerebellumCerebellum Brain StemBrain Stem HypothalamusHypothalamus ThalamusThalamus Limbic SystemLimbic System HippocampusHippocampus Basal GangliaBasal Ganglia MidbrainMidbrain
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
Cerebral CortexCerebral Cortex ThoughtThought Voluntary movementVoluntary movement LanguageLanguage ReasoningReasoning PerceptionPerception
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
CerebellumCerebellum MovementMovement BalanceBalance PosturePosture
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
Brain StemBrain Stem BreathingBreathing Heart rateHeart rate Blood pressureBlood pressure
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
HypothalamusHypothalamus Body temp.Body temp. EmotionsEmotions HungerHunger ThirstThirst Circadian rhythmsCircadian rhythms
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
ThalamusThalamus Sensory motor integrationSensory motor integration
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
Limbic SystemLimbic System Emotional behaviorEmotional behavior
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
HippocampusHippocampus LearningLearning MemoryMemory
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
Basal GangliaBasal Ganglia Movement coordinationMovement coordination
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Brain structure/functionBrain structure/function
MidbrainMidbrain VisionVision AuditionAudition Eye movementEye movement Body movementBody movement PosturePosture
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The average brain weighs The average brain weighs about 1,400gr (3lb)..about 1,400gr (3lb)..
Each hemispheres of the Each hemispheres of the Cerebral Cortex is divided into Cerebral Cortex is divided into four lobes.four lobes.
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Grooves and bumps on the Grooves and bumps on the brain surface are called Sulci brain surface are called Sulci and Gyri.and Gyri.
The folding of the Cerebral The folding of the Cerebral Cortex increases the amounts Cortex increases the amounts of Cerebral Cortex that can fit in of Cerebral Cortex that can fit in the skull.the skull.
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http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/lobe.htmlhttp://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/lobe.html
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Occipital lobeOccipital lobe
Located in the back of the brain, Located in the back of the brain, behind the parietal lobe and the behind the parietal lobe and the temporal lobe.temporal lobe.
Concerned with many aspects of Concerned with many aspects of vision.vision.
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Frontal lobeFrontal lobe
Located in the front of the central Located in the front of the central sulcussulcus
Concerned with reasoning, Concerned with reasoning, planning, parts of speech and planning, parts of speech and movement, emotions and problem movement, emotions and problem solving.solving.
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Temporal lobeTemporal lobe
Located below the lateral fissureLocated below the lateral fissure Concerned with perception and Concerned with perception and
recognition of auditory stimuli recognition of auditory stimuli (hearing) and memory.(hearing) and memory.
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Parietal lobeParietal lobe
Located behind the central sulcusLocated behind the central sulcus Concerned with perception of Concerned with perception of
stimuli related to touch, pressure, stimuli related to touch, pressure, temperature and pain.temperature and pain.
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Alzheimer’sAlzheimer’s
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Alzheimer’sAlzheimer’s