Lecture 3

1

Using Information Technology

Chapter 3Application Software

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Application Software:Tools for Thinking & Working More Productively

Application Software:Tools for Thinking & Working More Productively

3.1 Application Software: Getting Started

3.2 Common Features of Software

3.3 Word Processing

3.4 Spreadsheets

3.5 Database Software

3.6 Specialty Software

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3.1 Application Software: Getting Started3.1 Application Software: Getting Started

Commercial software - copyrighted and must be paid for

Public-domain software - not copyrighted

Shareware - copyrighted and free but you should pay for continued use

Freeware - copyrighted and free

Rentalware - copyrighted and leased

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Tutorials & DocumentationTutorials & Documentation

Tutorial - an instruction book or program that helps you learn to use the product by taking you through a prescribed series of steps

Documentation - a user guide or reference manual that provides a narrative and graphical description of a program

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Files of Data--& the Usefulness of Importing & ExportingFiles of Data--& the Usefulness of Importing & Exporting

Three well-known types of data filesDocument filesWorksheet filesDatabase files

Exchanging files between programs:ImportingExporting

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Types of SoftwareTypes of Software

Examples:Word processingSpreadsheetsDatabase managers

Productivity software - software whose purpose is to make users more productive at particular tasks

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3.2 Common Features of Software3.2 Common Features of Software

User interface - the user-controllable display screen that allows you to communicate, or interact, with the computerGraphical user interface (GUI) - allows

you to use a mouse or keystrokes to select icons and commands from menusPointer - on-screen object that responds

to mouse movements; it changes shape depending on the application

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Desktop, Icons & MenusDesktop, Icons & Menus

Desktop - the system’s main interface screen, which displays pictures that provide quick access to programs and information

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Pull-down menu - a list of options that pulls down from the top of the screen

Menu - a list of options to choose from--a list of commands for manipulating data

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Fly-out menus - menus that seem to explode out to the right

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Pull-up menu - a list of options that pulls up from the bottom of the screen

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Documents, Toolbars, & WindowsDocuments, Toolbars, & Windows

Toolbar - a bar across the top of the display window, which displays menus and icons representing frequently used options

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The Help CommandThe Help Command

Help command - a command generating a table of contents, an index, and a search feature that can help you locate answers

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3.3 Word ProcessingFeatures of the Keyboard3.3 Word ProcessingFeatures of the Keyboard

Special-purpose keys - used to enter, delete, and edit data, and to execute commands

EndCtrl AltDelInsHome

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Features of the KeyboardFeatures of the Keyboard

Function keys - keys labeled F1, F2, etc., positioned along the top or left side of the keyboard, which are used to execute commands specific to the software being used

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Creating DocumentsCreating Documents

Cursor - the movable symbol on the display screen that shows you where you may next enter data or commands

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Creating DocumentsCreating Documents

Scrolling - moving quickly upward, downward, or sideways through the text or other screen display

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Editing DocumentsEditing Documents

Insert and deleteFind and replaceCut/Copy and pasteSpelling checkerGrammar checkerThesaurus

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Formatting Documents with the Help of Templates & WizardsFormatting Documents with the Help of Templates & Wizards

Formatting - determining the appearance of a documentTemplate - a preformatted

document that provides basic tools for shaping a final documentWizard - answers your questions

and uses the answers to lay out and format a document

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Formatting DocumentsFormatting Documents

Font - typeface and type size

10 point Times New Roman

14 pointArial Black

16 pointCourier

32 pointArial

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Spacing and columns:

Single-spacedDouble-spacedOne-columnTwo columnsMany columns

Margins and justification:

Left marginRight marginTop marginBottom marginJustificationLeft-justification

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Pages, headers, footers:

Page numbersHeadersFooters

Other formatting:

BordersShadingTablesFootnotesGraphicsClip art

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3.4 SpreadsheetsThe Basics: How Spreadsheets Work

3.4 SpreadsheetsThe Basics: How Spreadsheets Work

How a spreadsheet is organized:

Lettered column headings across the top

Numbered row headings down the left side

Labels - descriptive text

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The Basics: How Spreadsheets WorkThe Basics: How Spreadsheets Work

Where columns and rows meet:Cell - the place where a row

and a column intersectCell address - position of a

cell, such as A2Value - a number or date

entered in a cell

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Why the spreadsheet has become so popular:

Formulas - instructions for calculations

Functions - built-in formulasRecalculation - process of

recomputing valuesWhat-if analysis

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Analytical graphics - graphical forms that make numeric data easy to analyze

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3.5 Database Software3.5 Database Software

Database - a collection of interrelated filesDatabase

software - a program that sets up and controls the structure of a database and access to the data

Benefits of Database Software:

Reduced redundancy

Increased integrity

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The Basics: How Databases WorkThe Basics: How Databases Work

How a relational database is organized:

Tables of rows and columnsRow (record) - example: a

person’s addressColumn (field) - example: the

person’s last name

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The Basics: How Databases WorkThe Basics: How Databases Work

How various records can be linked:

Key field - a field that can be used as a common identifier because it is unique

Finding what you want:

Querying - locating and displaying records

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Personal Information ManagersPersonal Information Managers

Personal information manager (PIM) - software to help you keep track of and manage information you use on a daily basis, such as addresses, telephone numbers, appointments, to-do lists, and miscellaneous notes

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3.6 Specialty Software3.6 Specialty Software

Presentation graphics software - uses graphics, animation, sound, and data or information to make visual presentations

PowerPoint outline view

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Financial SoftwareFinancial Software

Financial software - a growing category that ranges from personal-finance managers to entry-level accounting programs to business financial-management packages

Quicken software

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Desktop PublishingDesktop Publishing

Desktop publishing (DTP) - mixing text and graphics to produce high-quality output for commercial printing, using a microcomputer and mouse, scanner, laser or ink-jet printer, and DTP software

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Drawing & Painting ProgramsDrawing & Painting Programs

Drawing program - graphics software that allows users to design and illustrate objects and products

Painting program - graphics program that allows users to simulate painting on screen

Vector image

Raster image

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Other Specialty SoftwareOther Specialty Software

Web page design/authoring softwareVideo/audio editing softwareProject management softwareComputer-Aided Design (CAD)

softwareComputer-Aided Design/Computer-

Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) software

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SummarySummary

Application SoftwareCommon FeaturesIcons, function keysOther software, CAD, Video/audio editing, Project management

Lecture 3

Technology

Transcript of Lecture 3