Lecture 21: Summing Up - The Future of Life. The Life Story of our Universe Hot Dense Smooth Cold...
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Transcript of Lecture 21: Summing Up - The Future of Life. The Life Story of our Universe Hot Dense Smooth Cold...
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Lecture 21: Summing Up - The Future of Life
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The Life Story of our Universe
HotDenseSmooth
ColdThinClumpy
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Parent & OffspringAge: 14 Ga Age: 4 Ga
The Universe The Earth Biosphere
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Age: 92 Age: 65
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History of the Universe: Counting Stars
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Our Universe forming stars
FirstStars Today
Rate of new stars
10 Gy ago
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The stars forming the elements
FirstStars Today
Rate of new stars
10 Gy ago
No heavyelements
FirstSuper-Earths
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Metallicity time-lineStellar Spectra
Time since Big Bang
[Fe/H]= 0
[Fe/H]= -4
[Fe/H]= -5
[Fe/H]= -∞
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9100 million planets have habitable potential
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Finding ‘New Earth’
First Data Release - June 15, 2010
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We can discover about 80 of them
by 2013
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Nicolaus CopernicusMay 22, 2010
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Earth: the Tiny Blue Dot
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Is Life on Other Planets
the Same as Life on Earth ?“Life on Earth” =
“Biochemistry”
Photo: HST
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Is Earth Biochemistry Universal ?
“Life on Earth” = “Biochemistry”
Photo: Univ. of Bergen
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QuickTime™ and aH.264 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Cell-like bubbles form & divideSzostak Lab
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Is Life on Other Planets
the Same as Life on Earth ?“Life on Earth” =
“Biochemistry”
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18The Plurality of Worlds?
Is the Root the same on other
planets ?
Tree of Life
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19The Plurality of Worlds?
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The New Revolution:
Synthetic Biology with
Inter-Planetary Reach
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origins.harvard.edu
Our Team:G. Church J.
Szostak
A. Knoll
G. Whitesides
S. JacobsenD. SchragD. CharbonneauA. Pearson
J. C. Venter D. LathamS. Martin
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Mirror Life
Why on Earth is Life Left-handed ?
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Mirror Life: Mirror Proteins
made of right-handed amino acids
Mirror Life: if all is equal,
why is Earth devoid of it ?
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Summary
Earth is a good living planet (complex chemistry)
Super-Earths are better, and• ~100 million are habitable in our Galaxy,• Kepler should discover at least ~ 80 of them.
The Universe is young - we might be Generation I, - BUT we are on verge of Generation II.
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Earth & Moon seen from Mars - Oct. 2007