Chapter 2: Minerals 2.1 – Matter 2.2 – Minerals 2.3 – Properties of Minerals.
Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter
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Transcript of Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter
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A property is a quality or attribute.
Is the property Intensive or Extensive?
Is the property Physical or Chemical?
Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter
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Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive.
Describing Matter
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Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive.
–An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample.
Describing Matter
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Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive.
–An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample.
–An intensive property depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter.
Describing Matter
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– Extensive properties depend on amount.
2.1Describing Matter
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– Extensive properties depend on amount.
• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.
2.1Describing Matter
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– Extensive properties depend on amount.
• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.
• The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.
2.1Describing Matter
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– Extensive properties depend on amount.
• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.
• The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.
2.1Describing Matter
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– Extensive properties depend on amount.
• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.
• The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.
2.1
The big ball has more mass and volume than the little ball.
Describing Matter
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Intensive Properties The hardness of a bowling ball is an example of an intensive property.
2.1 Describing Matter
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Is flammability an extensive or intensive property?
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Identifying Substances
Matter that has a uniform and definite composition is called a substance.
A substance is pure.
2.1
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Identifying Substances
Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties.
2.1
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Identifying Substances
Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties.
Example- Every sample of pure water is a clear, odorless, liquid at room temperature. It will boil at 100ºC and freeze at 0ºC.
2.1
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Identifying Substances
Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties.
Example- Every sample of pure water is a clear, odorless, liquid at room temperature. It will boil at 100ºC and freeze at 0ºC.
These properties are intensive because they do not depend on how big the sample is.
2.1
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Identifying Substances
• A physical property can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition.
• Hardness, color, and crystal shape are examples of physical properties.
2.1
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Identifying Substances2.1
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States of Matter2.1
Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
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A solid is a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume.
2.1 States of Matter
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A liquid is a form of matter that has an indefinite shape (it flows) but a definite volume.
2.1 States of Matter
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A gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container.
2.1 States of Matter
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A gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container.
The gas state is the only state of matter that is compressible.
2.1 States of Matter
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Vapor describes a gas that is usually a liquid or solid at room temperature, as in water vapor.
2.1 States of Matter
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States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
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States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!
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States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!
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States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!
Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.
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States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!
Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.
![Page 29: Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022052505/555042d0b4c905b2788b4aac/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!
Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.
Gas- particles are far apart and moving fast. Has no fixed shape or volume.
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States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!
Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.
Gas- particles are far apart and moving fast. Has no fixed shape or volume.
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Substances go from solid to liquid to gas as energy increases.
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Physical Changes
During a physical change, some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change.
As gallium melts in a person’s hand, the shape of the sample changes, but the composition of the material does not change.
2.1
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HomeworkRead section 2.1 and complete section 2.1 problems
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HomeworkRead section 2.1 and complete section 2.1 problems