Lecture 1
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1 Introduction to Computer Graphics By: Dr. Rajeev Srivastava, CSE Textbook: “Computer Graphics”, Third Edition By Hearn and Baker Topics: 1. A survey of computer graphics – Computer-aided design – Education and training – Graphics user interface
description
Computer Graphics
Transcript of Lecture 1
1
Introduction to Computer Graphics
By:
Dr. Rajeev Srivastava, CSE
Textbook: “Computer Graphics”, Third Edition
By Hearn and Baker
Topics:
1. A survey of computer graphics
– Computer-aided design
– Education and training
– Graphics user interface
2
Topics:
2. Overview of graphics systems
– Video display devices: raster-scan & random scan
– Input devices
– Graphics software
3. Output primitives
– Pointes and lines operations
– Line algorithms
– Circle generation algorithms
– Polygon operations
– Polygon filling
3
More topics
4. Attributes of output primitives
– Line attributes
– Curve attributes
– Character attributes
– Antialiasing
5. Two-dimensional geometric transformation
– Basic transformations: rotation, scaling, and translation
– Matrix representation and Homogenous coordinate systems
– Composite transformations
– Other transformations: reflection and shear
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6. Two-dimensional viewing
– Window to view port coordinate transformations
– Two-dimensional viewing functions
– Clipping operations: line, point, polygon, and text
7. Three-dimensional concepts
– Parallel and perspective projections
– Depth cuing
– Surface rendering
– Visible line and surfaces
8. Three-dimensional transformations
– Translations
– Rotations
– Scaling
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9. Three-dimensional viewing
– Viewing coordinates
– Transformations to viewing plane
– General projection transformations
10. OpenGL will be utilized in this course
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Why Computer graphics
• Graphics is cool
– I like to see what I’m doing
– I like to show people what I’m doing
• Graphics is interesting
– Involves simulation, algorithms, architecture…
• Almost no area in which graphical displays cannot be used
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Why should we study Graphics?
• Many of the leading scientists through the ages have been ‘visual thinkers’…
– Leonardo da Vinci
– Einstein
– Clerk Maxwell
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Advanced graphics areas
• Image processing
• Rendering
• Modeling
• Animation
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Image Processing
• Image Representation
ο Sampling
ο Reconstruction
ο Quantization & Aliasing
• Image Processing
ο Filtering
ο Warping
ο Morphing
ο Composition
• Raster Graphics
ο Display devices
ο Color models
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Rendering: (light, perspective) generating
2D images of the objects
• 3D Rendering Pipeline
ο Modeling transformations
ο Viewing transformations
ο Hidden surface removal
ο Illumination, shading, and textures
ο Scan conversion, clipping
ο Hierarchical scene graphics
ο OpenGL
• Global illumination
ο Ray tracing
ο Radiosity
OpenGL
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Modeling: creating and representing the
geometry of objects in the 3D world
• Representations of geometry
ο Curves: splines
ο Surfaces: meshes, splines
• Procedural modeling
ο Sweeps
ο Fractals
ο Grammars
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Animation: (movement) describing how
objects change in time
• Keyframing
ο Kinematics
ο Articulated figures
• Motion capture
ο Capture
ο Warping
• Behaviors
ο Planning, learning, etc.
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Graphics Applications
Entertainment: Cinema
Pixar: Monster’s Inc.
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Graphics Applications
Medical Visualization
MIT: Image-Guided Surgery Project
Th
e V
isib
le H
um
an
Pro
jec
t
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Graphics Applications
•Everyday Use
– Microsoft’s OS uses graphics seriously
– Graphics visualizations and debuggers
– Visualize complex software systems
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Graphics Applications
Scientific Visualization
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Graphics Applications
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
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Curve and Surface Modeling
in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) 1
2 3
4
5
6
7 8
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Graphics
Applications
Entertainment: Games
GT Racer 3
Polyphony Digital: Gran Turismo 3, A Spec
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Information Visualization
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Relevant Disciplines
• Analytic Geometry
• Art and Graphic Design
• Cognitive Science
• Computer Engineering
• Engineering Design
• Education
• Film
• Human Factors
• Linear Algebra
• Numerical Analysis
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Image Synthesis Pipeline
Graphics
Database
Editing
Modeling
Transformation
Viewing
Operation
Graphics
Database
Display
Traversal
• Visible-Surface
Determination
• Scan Conversion
• Shading /
Illumination
Image
Front-End
(Geometry Processing)
Back-End
(Rasterization)
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Impact of Computers
Power of a CPU doubles every 18 months / 2 years
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Impact of Video Games
Number of transistors on graphics processing unit (GPU)
doubles each 6 mos.
$7 Billion Man $5.6 Billion Man
Worldwide
revenues
Retro flashback???
Lee Majors
Col. Steve Austin
