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Diferent types o Cough

Learning Objectives

By the end o the lecture, the student should be able to:

1. Describe Cough.

2. Discuss the causes o Cough.

3. Discuss thecharacteristics o cough

originating at various levels o

Respiratory ract.

4. Tell us the various types o Cough.

Lecture Outline

Cough:

A cough is a deensive re!e"of the body that functions to keepthe air#ays clear o irritating orobstructing substancesso that breathingand the intake of oxygen is eective.

t is the $ost re%uent sy$pto$ofrespiratory disease.

Causes o Cough:

t is caused by sti$ulation o sensory nervesin the !ucosa ofpharynx" larynx" trachea and bronchi.

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Classi&cation o Cough:

A cough can be classi#ed by its duration" character" %uality" andti$ing.

The duration can be either acute'o sudden onset( if it is presentless than three $eeks" subacuteif it is present bet$een three andeight $eeks" and chronic$hen lasting longer than eight $eeks

A cough can be dry or productive" depending on $hether sputu!iscoughed up. t !ay occur only at night" during both night and day" or%ust during the day.

1. )cute Cough:

The cause of the acute cough is usually deter!ined by thepersons history and physical e"a$.

f cough is present less than three #ee*s.

&ost co!!only relates to

o +iral inducedlo$er respiratory tract

infections.

o ost-nasal dripresulting fro! rhinitis orsinusitis.

o hroat - clearingsecondary to laryngitis or

pharyngitis.

ost-nasal drip:&ucous accu!ulation in the back of the nose andthroat leading to or giving the sensation of !ucus dripping do$n$ardfro! the back of the nose.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_(medicine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subacutehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_(medicine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_(medicine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subacutehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_(medicine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputum

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2. ubacute Cough: if it ispresent bet$een three andeight #ee*s.

The !ost co!!on causes are'

o ost inectious

Cough.o )cute inusitis.

o )sth$a.

/. Chronic Cough:

(hen cough lasting longer than eight #ee*s.

)atients $ith chronic cough often represent !ore

of a diagnostic challenge like individuals #ith anor$al e"a$ination, chest radiograph andlung unction tests.

&ost cough can be explained by

o ost-nasal dripsecondary to nasal or

sinus disease"

o )sth$a " $here cough !ay be the

principal or exclusive clinical !anifestation*r

o 0astro-oesophageal re!u"+!ay re,uire a!bulatory

p- !onitoring or a prolonged trial of antireux therapyto diagnose.

1. Dry Cough:

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/ough is dry i.e. there is no phleg$$hen a person coughs.

The throat feels itchy and scratchydue tothe dryness.

The throat painsdue to excessive coughing.

t is di2cult to eatdue to excessivecoughing.

3ever!ay acco!pany the cough but it is not a necessarysy!pto!.

he dry, hac*ing cough is caused by'

a virus inection,

cold or dry air, or

)ir pollutantssuch as cigarette s!oke"s!og and dust. This so!eti!es feels like atickle at the back of your throat.

hleg$ is a sticky !aterial fro! your !ucous!e!branes in your respiratory syste!. (henyou have a cold it !ight be yello$ish bro$n. fthere0s an infection" it !ight be greenish bro$n.or!al phleg! is usually clear.

4. roductive Cough:

)roductive cough are coughsthat produce phleg$" incontrast to dry coughs.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coughhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegmhttp://www.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_EsY-brX9Qfc/R1GONHwUEeI/AAAAAAAAAiQ/UEGirtVYgv4/s400/tonsilitis.jpg&imgrefurl=http://frommycherryheart.blogspot.com/2007/12/itchy-and-scratchy.html&usg=__5H5iZ2aAAv6hHapfwZs76OUWBtk=&h=400&w=330&sz=27&hl=en&start=2&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=KLygLAv0q2spDM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dthroat%2Bitchy%2Band%2Bscratchy%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26tbs%3Disch:1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coughhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegm

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sually treated #ith e"pectorantsthat loosen !ucusfro! therespiratory tract.

)roductive cough is associated $ith tuberculosis, bacterialpneu$onia, and bronchitis.

The loose productive cough is a sign o chestcongestion or inectiondue to colds or u. t clearsthe lungs and air passages of excess !ucus.

Characteristics o cough originating at various levelso Respiratory ract'

Origin Causes Characteristics)harynx )ost nasal drip sually )ersistent.arynx aryngitis" tu!or"

$hooping cough"croup

-arsh" barking"painful" persistent"often associated $ithstrider.

Trachea Tracheitis )ainfulronchi Acute ronchitis and

/*)D

Asth!a.

ronchial /arcino!a

Dry or )roductive" "$orse in !ornings.

Dry or productive"$orse at night.

)ersistent often $ithhae!optysis.

ung )arenchy!a Tuberculosis

)neu!onia

ronchiectasis

)ul!onary ede!a

)roductive" often $ithhae!optysis.

nitially Dry")roductive later.

)roductive

*ften at night + !ay

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectorantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_tracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectorantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_tracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis

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nterstitial 5ibrosis

be productive6

Dry" irritant anddistressing.

reat$ent:Treat!ent of a cough generally involves treating the conditioncausing it.

An acute infection such aspneu!onia !ay re,uire antibiotics"

An asth!a7induced cough

!ay be treated $ith the use ofbronchodilators" or

An antihista!ine !ay bead!inistered in the case of anallergy.

)hysicians prefer not to

suppress a productive cough" since it aids the body in clearingrespiratory syste$ o inective agents and irritants.

/ough !edicines !ay be if the cough is not productive" as is the

case $ith !ost coughs associated $ith colds or !u.

The t$o types of drugs used to treat coughs are

antitussivesand e"pectorants.

895989/9:'

Davidsons )riciples and )ractice of &edicine. 2;th 9dition.

About.co!.

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