Lec#03 Expansion Slots

8/2/2019 Lec#03 Expansion Slots

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Lec# 03 Expansion Slots


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Expansion SlotsThe expansion port/ slot is a slot located inside a computer on the motherboard

or riser board that allows additional boards to be connected to it.

For example, to install a new video card in the computer, need to purchase a

video expansion card and install that card into the compatible expansion slot.

Below is a listing of some of the expansion slots commonly found in IBM

compatible computers as well as other brands of computers and the devicescommonly associated with those slots.

Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)

It was introduced by Intel in 1992, revised in 1993 to version 2.0, and later

revised in 1995 to PCI 2.1 and is as an expansion to the ISA bus. The PCI busis a 32-bit computer bus that is also available as a 64-bit bus and was the most

commonly found and used computer bus in computers during the late 1990's

and early 2000's. Today's computers have replace PCI with PCI-Express. The

graphic illustration of the PCI slot on a motherboard is shown on next slide


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Expansion Slots

Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Cont

Examples of PCI devices

Modem

Network card

Sound cardVideo card
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Expansion Slots

Industry Standard Architecture (ISA)

It was introduced by IBM and was originally an 8-bit computer bus that was

later expanded to a 16-bit bus in 1984.

In 1993, Intel and Microsoft introduced a PnP ISA bus that allowed the

computer to automatically detect and setup computer ISA peripherals, suchas a modem or sound card. Using the PnP technology, an end-user would

have the capability of connecting a device and not having to configure the

device using jumpers or dipswitches.

All recent computers today no longer included the ISA slots and instead are

using more PCI and AGP slots. Below is a graphic of what an ISA expansioncard may look like as well as the slot it connects into on the motherboard.


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Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) Cont


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ExtendedIndustry Standard Architecture (EISA)It is also known as Extended ISA, a standard first announced in September of

1988 for IBM and IBM compatible computers to compete with the IBM MCA

bus. The EISA bus is found on Intel 80386, 80486 and early Pentium computers

The EISA bus provided 32-bit slots at an 8.33 MHz cycle rate for the use with386DX or higher processors. In addition, the EISA can accommodate a 16-bit

ISA card in the first row.


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Expansion Slots

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

It is an advanced port designed for Video cards and 3D accelerators. Designed by

Intel and introduced in August of 1997 AGP introduces a dedicated point-to-point

channel so that the graphics controller can directly access the system memory.

The AGP channel is 32-bits wide and runs at 66 MHz. This translates into a totalbandwidth of 266 MBps, which is much greater than the PCI bandwidth of up to

133 MBps. AGP also supports two optional faster modes, with throughput of

533 MBps and 1.07 GBps. It also allows 3-D textures to be stored in main

memory rather than video memory
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Expansion Slots

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) Cont


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Expansion Slots

Audio/Modem Riser(AMR)

It makes one card that has the functionality of either Modem or Audio or both

Audio and Modem on one card. This specification allows for the motherboard to

be manufactured at a lower cost and free up industry standard expansion slots in

the system for other additional plug-in peripherals.


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Expansion Slots

PCI ExpressOriginally known as 3rd Generation I/O (3GIO), PCI Express, or PCIe, was

approved as a standard on July 2002 and is a computer bus found in computers.

PCI Express is designed to replace PCI and AGP and is available in several

different formats.


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Expansion Slots and Cards

Allow for new devices to be added

Open architecture

Slots provide for expansion

Expansion cards are also called

Plug-in boards

Controller cards

Adapter cards

Interface cards


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Commonly Used Expansion Cards

Video cards

Modem cards

Network interface cards (NIC)

TV tuner cards

PC cards


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Bus Lines

Connect parts of the CPU to each other

Data roadway for traveling bits

Measured as bus width

More lanes, faster traffic

Two basic categories

System buses

Expansion buses


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Ports

Socket for connecting external devices

Four common ports

Serial

Parallel

USB

FireWire


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PortsFireWire, is a serial bus interface standard for high-speed communications and

isochronous real-time data transfer


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The End

Lec#03 Expansion Slots

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