Lec 5 triage...
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Triage• French word
meaning “to sort
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What is Triage?• The process of assessing patients
to determine management priorities
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Question #
• In a Bus accident involving injuries of different types to people of different ages , who shall you save first ?
• a. 70 year old man with arm fracture • b. 2 year old boy with wound on his right
foot • c. pregnant women with knee injury • d. 18 yr old lady with throat and nose
bleeding
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In the principles of Assessment which of the client should be the first to be attended to ?
a.13 year old boy with right arm fracture
b.4 months pregnant bleeding women 2
c. A stroke patient grasping for air
d. An adult with 2nd degree burns of his left leg and thigh
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Triage in Emergency and Disaster
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Question
Which of the following words is not associated
with Triage ?
• a. Process c. Assess• b. Sort d. Prioritize
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Sort the Injured Patient
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Why is there a need to sort patients?
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Question• Why do we have to do Triage ?• a. To increase the number of survivor in an accident
• b. To maximize use of insufficient medical resources
• c. To apply systematic approach during Emergency
• d. All of the above
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Why sort or classify patients?
• For insufficient medical resources to be available to all who need help.
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Types of Triage
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Question
• What are the two types of Triage ?
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What are the classes of patients in emergency?
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Question #
• What are the two classes of patient in emergency ?
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Levels of Triage System
LEVEL Color Coding
1. Immediate Red
2. Delayed Yellow
3. Minimal Green
4. Expectant Black
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CATEGORY MEANING OUTCOME
1. Immediate Acute danger for life.
Life threatening injuries. Requires immediate medical attention and will not survive if not seen soon.
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Examples
1. Tension pneumothorax
2. Massive Hemorrhage (Shock)3. Cardiac tamponade4. Major traumatic amputation
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In the 4-level triage system
Life threatening injuriesImmediate medical attention and will not
survive if not seen soon
Minor injury or no injury.
“Walking wounded”.
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Question
• In an Immediate category Triage System which of the following is not involved ?\
• a. “Can Wait “• b. Patient will not survive if not seen soon. • c. Red color code • d. None of the above
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CATEGORY MEANING OUTCOME
2. Delayed Severe injury. life-threatening, but can wait until the Immediate casualties are stabilized and evacuated. Constant observation
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Examples
• Pulmonary contusion• Flail chest with hypoxia• Minor amputations• Flesh wounds• Fractures and dislocations
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Question
• In a Delayed category Triage System which of the following is not involved ?
• a. Injuries “Can Wait “• b. Survival is possible • c. Red color code • d. None of the above
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CATEGORY MEANING OUTCOME
3. Minimal Minor injury or no injury.
“Walking wounded”.
Treatment when practical, transport and/or dischargeRequires medical attention when all higher priority patients have been evacuated.
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Examples
• Minor lacerations• Sprains• Abrasions• Non-displaced, minimally angulated closed
fractures of the digit
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• “Walking Injured”
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Question
• In a Minimal category Triage System which of the following is not involved ?
• a. Injuries “Can Wait “• b. Minor injury or no injury.• c. Black color code • d. Walking wounded
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CATEGORY MEANING OUTCOME
4. Expectant No or small chance of survival; no spontaneous breathing after clearing of airway; or dead
Expected not to reach higher medical support alive.If dead, collection and guarding of bodies, identification when possible.
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Examples
• Severe injuries, uncompensated blood loss, • Negative neurological assessment • No spontaneous breathing after clearing of
airway
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Examples
• Unresponsive patient with open head wound and exposed brain
• Burns: 2° and 3°, more than 50% TBSA• Exposure to radiation: more than 500rads
with immediate signs of radiation sickness
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Expectant
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Question
• In a Black color category Triage System which of the following is not involved ?
• a. No breathing • b. Patient “ can wait ”• c. Expectant • d. Identification is needed
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Match the Category with the color coding
Category
1. Delayed2. Minimal3. Expectant4. Immediate
Color
A. RedB. BlackC. GreenD. yellow
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Matching Type
Category Response / Patient Description
A. Patient “can wait” B. No breathing C. Acute danger D. Identification is neededE. No chance of survivalF. Walking injuredG. Immediate medical
attentionH. Transport / discharge
1. Delayed2. Minimal3. Expectant4. Immediate