Learning Styles andLong-Range Planning

for the K-12 Teacher

School of Education

Teaching and Learning

EDTE 408 Principles of Teaching

Board Work• Yellow Team:

– As a Team, create a poem in which you capture the essence of the main theme of today’s reading.

• Black Team– Create a “mime” in which

you will act out the main theme of today’s reading.

• White Team– Create a graphic organizer in

which you represent today’s reading.

• Red Team– Write a song which

highlights the main theme of today’s reading. (You may use a tune that already exists)

• Mauve Team– Create a panel discussion in

which the team members will discuss the main theme of today’s reading

• Purple Team– Write a personal reflection

on what the reading for today means to you.

• Blue Team– Think of a visual way to

depict the idea of multiple intelligences.

Board Work (Cont.)

• Work Quickly.

• ALL team members must participate in the presentation.

• Your team’s final product must be ready in TEN minutes

Multiple Intelligence Theory

Based on the work of Howard Gardner

The Components of Intelligence

• A set of skills that enables an individual to resolve genuine problems encountered in one’s life.

• The ability to create an effective product or offer a service that is of value in one’s culture.

• The potential for finding or creating problems which enables an individual to acquire new knowledge.

• An identifiable location in the human brain for the processing of this type of thinking.

Gardner’s Eight Intelligences

• Verbal/Linguistic

• Logical/Mathematical

• Naturalist

• Bodily/Kinesthetic

• Visual/Spatial

• Musical/Rhythmic

• Interpersonal

• Intrapersonal

Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence

• Dimension– The ability to think in words and to use

language to express and appreciate complex meanings

• Career Examples– Poets, Journalists, Public Speakers

• Things They Are Good At– Creative writing, humor/jokes, storytelling

100 WORDS

• Briefly skim through the 100 Words handout

• How many of these words do you recognize?

• Experts have decided that a working understanding of these words is necessary for success in college!

Logical/Mathematical Intelligence

• Dimension– The ability to calculate, quantify, consider

propositions and hypotheses; carry out complex mathematical operations; handle long chains of reasoning; recognize patterns and order in the world

• Career Examples– Mathematicians, Scientists, Detectives

• Things They Are Good At– Outlining, graphic organizers, calculation

Naturalist Intelligence

• Dimension– The capacity to observe, interpret, and construct

patterns and meaning from the natural world

• Career Examples– National/State Park Interpreters, Naturalists,

Outdoor Guides, Birders, Molecular Biologists, Rock Climbers

• Things They Are Good At– Sensing, Observing, Nurturing

Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence

• Dimension– The capacity to manipulate objects and use a

variety of physical skills, including both large and fine motor skills

• Career Examples– Athletes, Dancers, Surgeons, Craftspeople

• Things They Are Good At– Folk/creative dance, Physical gestures,

Sports/Games

Visual/Spatial Intelligence

• Dimension– The ability to think in both two and three

dimensions; perceive the visual world accurately; recreate, transform, or modify aspects of the world based on one’s perceptions

• Career Examples– Sailors, Pilots, Sculptors, Painters, Architects

• Things They Are Good At– Active imagination, patterns/designs, pictures

Musical/Rhythmic Intelligence

• Dimension– The capacity to discern and use pitch, rhythm,

timbre, and tone

• Career Examples– Composers, Conductors, Musicians, Vocalists,

Sensitive Listeners

• Things They Are Good At– Rhythmic patterns, vocal sounds/tones, music

performance

Interpersonal Intelligence

• Dimension– The ability to understand and interact with

others effectively; notice and make distinctions among others

• Career Examples– Teachers, Actors, Politicians, Social Workers,

Therapists, Salesperson

• Things They Are Good At– Intuiting others’ feelings, person-to-person

communication, collaboration skills

Intrapersonal Intelligence

• Dimension– The capacity to understand oneself through

reflective processes, including one’s thoughts and feelings

• Career Examples– Psychologist, Theologians, Philosophers,

Spiritual Leaders

• Things They Are Good At– Silent reflection, thinking strategies, inventing

What About You?

• Take and score the MIT• Every human being has a learning style and every human

being has strengths. It is as individual as a signature. No learning style is better or worse than any other style. All groups – cultural, academic, male, female, etc. – include all types of learning styles. Within each culture, socio-economic strata or classroom, there are as many differences as there are between groups.

• Within the confines of two pages, describe your own unique learning style. You may wish to use the results of the MIT as a guide to your thinking.

• Due Monday, January 31.

Board Work“Give me your tired, your poor,

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,The wretched refuse of your teeming shore,

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed, to me;I lift my lamp beside the golden door.”

EMMA LAZARUS“The New Colossus,” Statue of Liberty Inscription

Ellis island: New York Harbor

1. What does this poem mean to you?

2. How has this reality impacted American Education?

3. Discuss these questions within your home teams.

Traveling Ambassador Activity

• Blue Team – Multicultural Education: A

Synthesis Conception

• Yellow Team– Examples of Multicultural

Teaching

• Black Team– Multicultural Education:

An Evolving Concept/The Controversy

• Purple Team– Educational Equity

• White Team– Before the School Year

Begins

• Red Team– The First Four Weeks and

Beyond

• Mauve Team– Multicultural Perspective

during Student Teaching

Student Diversity

Traveling Ambassadors

1. Study your material as a team.2. Prepare a five minute presentation on the material.3. Identify your team’s “Ambassador.” (Oldest Member)

4. Send your “Ambassador” to visit the other teams.5. Gather information from other “Ambassadors”

who visit your Team.6. Debrief your “Ambassador” upon her/his return.

Board Work

• Some people have suggested that education could be improved if the planning process were centralized, occurring at the state or district level. Teachers would then be responsible for implementing preplanned units of study. This method would save teachers’ time, ensure uniform content, and provide for coordination between teachers at different grade levels. – Is this a good idea?– What advantages does it have?– What disadvantages?

• Discuss these ideas with your team. What does the team think? Jot down some ideas and turn them in your folder.

Standards & Benchmarks

Expressing our Educational Aims and Goals

What are national standards?

• Statements of desired content learning outcomes

• Generally expressed for specific content areas

• Generally expressed across a range of grade bands

Who develops standards?

• At the national level, developed by representatives of content-area professional organizations

• At the state level development is guided by state departments of education

Who Uses Standards?

• Classroom teachers

• District-level consultants

• State-level consultants

• National leaders in content areas

• Politicians

• College teachers

How are standards used?

• To establish aims of programs of instruction

• To determine content of programs of instruction

• To guide curriculum development

• To guide classroom planning

• To design student assessments

What Are Benchmarks?

• Learning outcome statements which are subheadings of a specific standard

• Designed to provide more specific guidance about the meaning of the standard

• Written for specific developmental levels (grade bands)

How Are Benchmarks Used?

• To establish goals of programs of instruction

• To determine content of programs of instruction

• To guide curriculum development

• To guide classroom planning

• To design student performance assessments and tests

How Can I Use Standards and Benchmarks?

• In determining content of courses

• In determining content of units of instruction

• In writing objectives for individual lessons

• In planning a classroom assessment system

Where Can I Find Standards and Benchmarks For My Area?

• Michigan Curriculum Framework– Michigan Curriculum Frameworks Overview.p

pt (SED Server)

– Michigan Curriculum Frameworks Overview (WEB )

– Michigan Standards and Benchmarks (WEB)

• Seventh-day Adventist Essential Elements– http://circle.adventist.org/utils/lists/index.phtml

?list_id=1&current_page=1

Assignment: Instructional Goals

• Choose one content area• Choose one level (Early Elementary, Later Elementary,

Middle School, High School)

• Choose the standards/benchmarks you will use to develop your yearly plan, unit plan, lesson plans, and assessments for this course

• State the source where you studied these standards/benchmarks

• Due – Wednesday, February 2, 2005

Board Work: Preparing for your field interview

• How do experienced teachers plan? Your field interview with an experienced teacher should include questions dealing with planning. Some of the questions you ask could include:– Where do you begin?– What help are state and district (Union) curriculum

guides?– Is there a teacher’s edition? How is it useful?

• As a team, create several other questions that can be used in the planning portion of your interviews.

Yearly Planning

Long-range Planning With

The End in Mind

Planning Model for Effective Teaching

U n it P lan

L esson P lan L esson P lan

A ssessm en t

L esson P lan L esson P lan L esson P lan

U n it P lan U n it P lan

Y ear/S em es te r P lanor

C ou rse O u tlin e /S yllab u s

Yearly Planning

• Survey available resources– Texts– Curriculum guides

• Create a course outline for year, semester, quarter, etc.

• Serves as a framework for later planning efforts

Purposes for Long-range Planning

• Adapts Curriculum to Fit Teacher’s Knowledge and Priorities

• Helps Teacher Focus on the Structure and Content

• Develops a Practical Schedule for Instruction

Developing a Course Plan

• Elementary or

• Secondary

Work Day/Peer Review: Next Session

• What To Bring:– Copies of standards/benchmarks– Curriculum Guides– Textbooks– Calendars– Course Outline Designs– Work already accomplished on assignment