Case Analysis: PROCASUR Learning Route Mbiri Gikonyo

Background Livelihoods in sub-saharan Africa

intrinsically tied to and dependent on land and the environment

Sustainable livelihoods require NRM C.C affects livelihoods Cases about NRM, C.C and Rural

Livelihoods NRM part of C.C mitigation

Poverty and NRM/C.C Poverty closely tied to environmental

degradation and sustainable livelihoods Poverty impacts C.C adaptation and

vulnerability

3 cases Upper Tana Natural Resources Management

Project (UTaNRMP) - aims at reversing environmental degradation while at the same time improving livelihoods;

Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security programme (CCAFS) – provision of localized climate information for CC adaptation

Adaptation Learning Programme in Africa (ALP) implemented by CARE International - Multi-stakeholder participatory scenario planning to adapt to climate change

Analysis aspects Aspects of integrated approach Aspects of community participation Aspects of capacity building Livelihood improvement and poverty

alleviation Innovation Link to climate change Link to NRM Sustainability

SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

UPPER TANA all projects as one case Importance of the integrated approach These is a nexus between poverty and

environmental management Livelihood improvement for poor rural

communities is important for effective natural resources management

Communities are too poor to invest in the environmental management and also need to accrue tangible benefits for natural resources management to be sustainable

Lessons learned – UTaNRMP cont’ Small investments in livelihood

improvement have a huge bearing on natural resources management

Communities can engage in NRM where they see clear benefits accruing to them

Lessons learned – UTaNRMP cont’ – school greening Creation of environmental awareness is

important to NRM and CC Importance to create awareness at an

early age – easy to change attitudes/mindsets at early age

Children can influence the whole community

Punishment vs NRM

School greening School as demonstration site, or entry

points to community NRM

Irrigation project Capacity building in governance is key

to community livelihood projects – sustainability, ownership

It is important to incorporate vulnerable groups- schools CSR, domestic water

Irrigation is part of CC adaptation – also allows for diversification

NRM components are incorporated in project – by-laws

Irrigation project Community cohesion created Networks create opportunities and

synergies

PELIS NRM can be a starting point for

livelihood improvement Communities can fully engage in NRM

when they accrue immediate livelihood benefits

Communities can easily manage themselves if their capacity is built

Participatory management of natural resources is key to successful NRM

PELIS For protection and conservation of NR,

communities must own and accrues benefits

NRM and livelihoods need not compete as they can be integrated

WRUA For successful NRM, communities must be

co-managers Contradicting policies and legislature

compound NRM It is important for community groups to

have legal standing NRM has to start with awareness creation Importance of community governance

structures for sustainability

WRUA WRUA engaged in CC adaptation by

improving water efficiency There can be productive NRM practices Importance of Governance and transfer

of leadership skills Exotic vs indigenous

CCAFS Diversification of livelihoods is very

important in adapting to and coping with the impacts of climate change

Livestock is key for CC adaptation especially in ASALs

There is great need for linkage between different stakeholders in climate change management matters

CCAFS Climate/weather information has to be

localized – importance of data collection Climate/weather information needs to be

shared in formats that locals can understand- language, modes

It is easier to share information to groups Formalizing groups increases sustainability It is important to give evidence – data and

information

ALP Diversification of livelihoods is very

important in adapting to and coping with the impacts of climate change.

Changes in gender roles are some of the ways to adapt to the impacts of climate change.

Changing production systems may help in coping with the impacts of climate change.

ALP Capacity building of vulnerable groups is

important in enhancing their ability to cope with climate change.

Local communities are rich in knowledge that can be used to mitigate the impacts of climate change.

There is need to address the underlying causes of community vulnerability to CC including policy

ALP Adaptation also has to address

organizational capacity of community groups

Weather information is probabilistic – need to consider and plan for all possible scenarios

Plans vs advisories Important to integrate into existing

programmes/plans - CIDP

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