Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

• Explain what caused the great contest for North America between Great Britain and France, and why Britain won.

• Describe France’s colonial settlements and their expansion, and compare New France with Britain’s colonies in North America.

• Explain how Britain’s colonists became embroiled in the home country’s wars with France.

• Describe the colonists’ role in the Seven Years’ War, and indicate the consequences of the French defeat for Americans.

• Indicate how and why the British victory in the Seven Years’ War became one of the causes of the American Revolution.

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

• You will be able to compare/contrast the French, You will be able to compare/contrast the French, British, and Spanish colonies.British, and Spanish colonies.

• You will be able to define what a world war is and You will be able to define what a world war is and defend why you think the F & I was or was not a defend why you think the F & I was or was not a world war.world war.

• Compare/contrast the reasons for unity and the Compare/contrast the reasons for unity and the reasons for disunity in the American colonies reasons for disunity in the American colonies before and after the war.before and after the war.

North America in North America in 17501750

North America in North America in 17501750

BritishBritish FrenchFrench

Fort Necessity Fort Necessity Fort DuquesneFort Duquesne ** George Washington George Washington ** Delaware & Shawnee Indians Delaware & Shawnee Indians

The The Ohio ValleyOhio Valley

1754 1754 The First The First ClashClash

1754 1754 The First The First ClashClash

Ben Franklin Ben Franklin representatives from New representatives from New England, NY, MD, PA England, NY, MD, PA

A Albany CongressAlbany Congress failed Iroquois broke off failed Iroquois broke off relations with Britain & relations with Britain &

threatened to trade with threatened to trade with the French. the French.

1754 1754 Albany Plan of Albany Plan of UnionUnion

1754 1754 Albany Plan of Albany Plan of UnionUnion

Gen. Edward Braddock Gen. Edward Braddock evict the French from the evict the French from the OH Valley & Canada (Newfoundland & Nova OH Valley & Canada (Newfoundland & Nova Scotia)Scotia)A Attacks OH Valley & Acadia.Attacks OH Valley & Acadia.

A Killed 10 miles from Ft. Duquesne Killed 10 miles from Ft. Duquesne by 1500 French and Indian forces. by 1500 French and Indian forces.

Only British Success Only British Success expelled France from expelled France from Louisiana. Louisiana.

CAJUNSCAJUNS

1755 1755 British Decides to British Decides to Eliminate French Presence Eliminate French Presence

in North Americain North America

1755 1755 British Decides to British Decides to Eliminate French Presence Eliminate French Presence

in North Americain North America

Native American tribes Native American tribes exploited both sides! exploited both sides!

Lord Lord LoudouinLoudouin

Marquis Marquis de Montcalmde Montcalm

1756 1756 War Is Formally War Is Formally Declared! Declared!

1756 1756 War Is Formally War Is Formally Declared! Declared!

BritishBritish

• March in formation or March in formation or bayonet charge. bayonet charge.

• Br. officers wanted toBr. officers wanted to take charge of colonials. take charge of colonials.

• Prima Donna Br. Prima Donna Br. officers with servants officers with servants & tea settings. & tea settings.

• Drills & toughDrills & tough discipline. discipline.

• Colonists should payColonists should pay for their own defense. for their own defense.

• Indian-style guerillaIndian-style guerilla tactics. tactics.

• Col. militias servedCol. militias served under own captains. under own captains.

• No mil. deference orNo mil. deference or protocols observed. protocols observed.

• Resistance to risingResistance to rising taxes. taxes.

• Casual, Casual, non-professionals. non-professionals.

Methods ofMethods ofFighting:Fighting:

MilitaryMilitaryOrganization:Organization:

MilitaryMilitaryDiscipline:Discipline:

Finances:Finances:

Demeanor:Demeanor:

British-American British-American Colonial TensionsColonial TensionsBritish-American British-American Colonial TensionsColonial Tensions

ColonialsColonials

A He understood colonial concerns.He understood colonial concerns.

A He offered them a compromise:He offered them a compromise:

-- colonial loyalty & military cooperation--> colonial loyalty & military cooperation--> British would reimburse colonial assemblies British would reimburse colonial assemblies for their costs.for their costs.

-- Lord Loudoun would be removed.Lord Loudoun would be removed.

RESULTS?RESULTS? Colonial morale increased by 1758.Colonial morale increased by 1758.

1757 1757 William Pitt William Pitt Becomes Foreign Becomes Foreign

MinisterMinister

1757 1757 William Pitt William Pitt Becomes Foreign Becomes Foreign

MinisterMinister

** By 1761, Spain has become an ally of FranceBy 1761, Spain has become an ally of France

1758-1761 1758-1761 The Tide The Tide Turns for EnglandTurns for England

1758-1761 1758-1761 The Tide The Tide Turns for EnglandTurns for England

France --> France --> lost her Canadian possessions, most lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi River.of the Mississippi River.

Spain -->Spain --> got all French lands west of the got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England.to England.

England -->England --> got all French lands in Canada, got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance in India.commercial dominance in India.

1763 1763 Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

1763 1763 Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

North America in North America in 17631763

North America in North America in 17631763

1.1. It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.

2.2. It greatly enlarged England’s debt. It greatly enlarged England’s debt.

3.3. Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter feelings.feelings.

Therefore, England felt that aTherefore, England felt that amajor reorganization of her major reorganization of her

American EmpireAmerican Empire was necessary! was necessary!

Effects of the War Effects of the War on Britain?on Britain?

Effects of the War Effects of the War on Britain?on Britain?

1.1. It united them against a common enemy for the It united them against a common enemy for the first time. first time.

2.2. It created a socializing experience for all the It created a socializing experience for all the colonials who participated. colonials who participated.

3.3. It created bitter feelings towards the British that It created bitter feelings towards the British that would only intensify. would only intensify.

Effects of the War on Effects of the War on the American the American

ColonialsColonials

Effects of the War on Effects of the War on the American the American

ColonialsColonials

17631763 Pontiac’s RebellionPontiac’s Rebellion

Fort DetroitFort Detroit

British “gifts” of smallpox-infected blankets British “gifts” of smallpox-infected blankets from Fort Pitt.from Fort Pitt.

The Aftermath: The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Tensions Along the

FrontierFrontier

The Aftermath: The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Tensions Along the

FrontierFrontier

Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)(1763)

Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)(1763)

British British Proclamation Line of 1763.Proclamation Line of 1763.

Colonials Colonials Paxton Boys (PA) Paxton Boys (PA)

BACKLASH!BACKLASH!BACKLASH!BACKLASH!