Leadership and Gender

8/6/2019 Leadership and Gender

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LEADERSHIP AND GENDER


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We have different gifts, according to the grace given us. If a mans gift is prophesying, let him use it in proportion to his faith. If it is serving, let him serve; if it is

teaching let him teach; if it is encouraging, let him encourage; if it is contributing to the needs of others, let him give generously; if it is leadership, let him govern diligently

Romans 12; 6-8 As


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Leadership has been described as the process of socialinfluence in which one person can enlist the aid andsupport of others in the accomplishment of a commontask.

Alan Keith of Genentech states that, "Leadership isultimately about creating a way for people to contributeto making something extraordinary happen."

According to Ken "SKC" Ogbonnia, "effective leadership isthe ability to successfully integrate and maximize

available resources within the internal and externalenvironment for the attainment of organizational orsocietal goals .


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Leadership is a process of getting things done throughpeople.

Leadership means responsibilityIf you lead, they will do the job. If you don't, they

may expect you to do the job all by yourself.(That's why it's important that you begin right now to

learn what leadership is all about.)Leadership is a gift. If you are born with it, you can

lead. If you are not, you can't


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Gender is a set of characteristics distinguishing between male and female , particularly in the

cases of men and women .

'Gender' refers to the socially constructed roles of

and relations between men and women, while'Sex' refers to biological characteristics whichdefine humans as female or male. Thesebiological characteristics are not mutuallyexclusive however, as there are individuals whopossess both.


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Gender refers to a culture's social construction of differences between the sexes.

'Gender relations' are characterized by unequalpower. 'Gender norms' assign specificentitlements and responsibilities to men andwomen - for example, women might be expectedto take on caring or domestic duties and remainclose to home, while men may be expected to bethe main bread winner, working outside the

home, with greater freedom to move around inpublic places.


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be tw een "g ender " a nd "s ex ."

In biology, sex is a process of combining andmixing genetic traits, often resulting in the

specialization of organisms into a male orfemale variety


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These include the different

*T RAI TS

*BEH AVIOR S

* ATTITUDES

* AP TITUDES


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Gender displays reinforce claims of membership in a sex. Expressionssuch as "gendered practices,""gendered language," and "gendered

jobs" are used to emphasize thetenet that gender involves a processof social construction, and to make

gender a more central explanation of organizational behavior phenomenasuch as leadership.


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WHY SO FEW W OMEN LEADERS?

Is it because they are:* not good leaders* not good followers* they are not interested*men don't allow them to lead

*any other


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P ersonal reasons:Less likely to self promote and to takerisksCareer interruptions due to family

responsibilitiesLack of understanding the politicsFeeling isolated/not supported

Lack of confidence/self-belief


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Other barriers to females upward mobility intoleadership positions include:

(a) discrimination against them in personnel decisionsinvolving promotion, selection, and supervision;(b) ) a dearth of women and men willing to mentor

women;(c) ) management development opportunities that

are based on job rotation(d) ) coincidence of the biological clock and some

professions' "up or out" policies, such asprofessors' tenure clock and lawyers' partner

clock;(e) ) the perception of women as "outsiders" because of

their physical differences, stereotyping, and exclusionfrom some social clubs and activities where

important networks are built and maintained.


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Other reasons women ascend toleadership positions less frequently thanmen are:>that women most frequently inhabitmanagerial positions with little power, littleadvancement opportunity, or >where other women are so rare that their presence is attributed to their sexuality or affirmative action, or it is used as asymbol of the organization'senlightenment.


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DO MALE AND FEMALE LEADERS

BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY?


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Some studies find differences between males'and females' task accomplishment styles andinterpersonal styles.*Males tended to be more task-oriented;*Females tended to be more relationship-

oriented.*Some difference has been found in males' andfemales' decision making styles*women tend to employ a more democratic,participative style while men tend to take amore autocratic, directive approach.


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*Some scholars thus argue that women'stendency to negotiate, mediate, facilitate, andcommunicate is the more effective leadershipstyle than men's emphasis on power and control;

*"feminine" style reduces hierarchy, satisfiessubordinates, and achieves results, it should bethe norm to which men are compared.


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H OW IS LE ADE R SHI P

G ENDE R ED?


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W omen tend to phrase their ideas asquestions, take less time when phrasing questions, speak in a lower volume andhigher pitch. On the other hand, sometimeswhen women attempt to adjust to a moremasculine style, they may be consideredmore credible, but less feminine, oftenstated in a less than complementarymanner


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LeadershipGender :Today and Tomorrow

Strategic visiongood communication

skillsCreativity,

ability to trust and empowersubordinates


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Current and future leadership

requires:>strategic vision,

>effective communications,organizational structuresamenable to negotiation andconsensus,>the ability to synthesize data.


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Demagogy ( / d m d i/ [1]) or demagoguery( / d m ri/ [2]) (Ancient Greek :

, from d mos "people" andagein "to lead") is a strategy for

gaining political power by appealing to the

prejudices , emotions , fears , vanities andexpectations of the publictypically viaimpassioned rhetoric and propaganda , andoften using nationalist , populist or religiousthemes. W hat qualifies as demagogy hasbeen the subject of debate and ambiguitysince Aristophanes first used the term, in

reference to the Athenian statesman,

Leadership and Gender

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