LCE-001 –General English Unit 5 - Achievements and Ambitions TSIM Kam Wan.

LCE-001 –General EnglishLCE-001 –General EnglishUnit 5 - Achievements and AmbitionsUnit 5 - Achievements and Ambitions

TSIM Kam Wan

Task 1 -Vocabulary – ProverbsFill in the blank with words on page 20

1. Happiness is having a large, loving, caring, close-knit __________ in another city. (George Burns, US actor & comedian, 1896 - 1996)

2. Better be despised for too anxious apprehensions, than ruined by too ____________ security. (Edmund Burke)

3. There is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct or more ________in its success than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things. (Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince, 1532)

4. I would feel more ________about a bright future for man if he spent less time proving that he can outwit Nature and more time tasting his sweetness and respecting his seniority. (E. B. White, US author & humorist, 1899 - 1985)

5. The reason most people never reach their _______ is that they don't define them, or ever seriously consider them as believable or achievable. Winners can tell you where they are going, what they plan to do along the way, and who will be sharing the adventure with them. (Denis Watley)


6. We are always more anxious to be distinguished for a ________ which we do not possess, than to be praised for the fifteen which we do possess. (Mark Twain, US humorist, novelist, 1835 - 1910)

7. The real hero is always a hero by mistake; he ______ of being an honest coward like everybody else. (Umberto Eco, Italian novelist & semiotician,1932 - )

8. Wars teach us not to ______our enemies, but to hate our allies. (W. L. George)

9. A ___________ is the art of dividing a cake in such a way that everyone believes he has the biggest piece. (Ludwig Erhard, German economist & politician,1897 - 1977)

10.I don't know the key to success, but the key to _____ is trying to please everybody. (Bill Cosby, US comedian & television actor,1937 - )


1. Happiness is having a large, loving, caring, close-knit family in another city. (George Burns, US actor & comedian, 1896 - 1996)

2. Better be despised for too anxious apprehensions, than ruined by too confident security. (Edmund Burke)

3. There is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct or more uncertain in its success than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things. (Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince, 1532)

4. I would feel more optimistic about a bright future for man if he spent less time proving that he can outwit Nature and more time tasting his sweetness and respecting his seniority. (E. B. White, US author & humorist, 1899 - 1985)

5. The reason most people never reach their goals is that they don't define them, or ever seriously consider them as believable or achievable. Winners can tell you where they are going, what they plan to do along the way, and who will be sharing the adventure with them. (Denis Watley)


6. We are always more anxious to be distinguished for a talent which we do not possess, than to be praised for the fifteen which we do possess. (Mark Twain, US humorist, novelist, 1835 - 1910)

7. The real hero is always a hero by mistake; he dreams of being an honest coward like everybody else. (Umberto Eco, Italian novelist & semiotician,1932 - )

8. Wars teach us not to love our enemies, but to hate our allies. (W. L. George)

9. A compromise is the art of dividing a cake in such a way that everyone believes he has the biggest piece. (Ludwig Erhard, German economist & politician,1897 - 1977)

10.I don't know the key to success, but the key to failure is trying to please everybody. (Bill Cosby, US comedian & television actor,1937 - )

Task 2- Reading Skimming and Scanning Great Railway Journeys

1. When did she set off her journey?• She set off at early March.

2. Where did she go?• She went to Santos, “Santa Cruz de la Sierra”,

Brazil.3. Why did she choose to go there?

• She has been planning for this journey for so many years because she had a Brazilian grandfather.

4. What have she bought for the journey?• She has bought a guide book and map of Brazil.

5. Did she feel at ease in the destination? Why?• Yes. It is because she likes the people and she has

a Brazilian grandfather.

Task 3 - Vocabulary - Context CluesGuess the meaning of the words by using context clues.

1. Beyond the heat haze and the pounding rhythm of transistor radios on the beach, and beyond the sinister lines of grey cargo ships on the horizon, there is a halo: Pele’s• (a ring of light around the head of a holy person in a

religious drawing or painting)2. Trains move implacably along their tracks, pausing only at

predestined spaces.• (impossible to change)

3. I feel at home in Brazil; I can even evoke my paternal grandfather, a moustachioed Senor Mendonca from Belem, to put me further at ease.• (to make someone remember something or feel an

emotion)4. Bloated as I am with coconut water and roasting under

100F, the sensual hum of warring radio stations is lulling me to sleep. • ( swollen and rounded because of containing too much

air, liquid or food)

Grammar Simple Present Perfect / Simple Present Perfect / Present perfect continuousPresent perfect continuous

Simple Present Perfect• To talk about an action which happened at

some time in the past. • When the action is finished, to say what has

been achieved in a period of time, often in reply to how much/many.

• To talk about a past action which has a result in the present.

Present perfect continuous• To talk about an action which began in the

past, continues up to the present, and may or may not continue into the future.

• To talk about actions and events which have been in progress up to the recent past and show their present results.

Grammar – Present Perfect USAGE

A. refers to an action or event that began in the past & continues into the present (& may continue into the future)

– Mario has lived in Las Vegas for ten years. – Mario has lived in Las Vegas since 1989.

Now

1989


B. refers to an action or event that happened at an INDEFINITE time in the past (specific time of occurrence is not known or unimportant)

– Have you ever traveled overseas? Yes, I've traveled all over Europe.

– Has he ever seen GiGi in concert? Yes, he's seen her many times.

Now


C. refers to an action or event that has happened at a period of time that is NOT finished – I've had three cups of coffee this morning. – She's seen three movies this week. – They've taken two English classes this semester.

Now

Grammar - Present Perfect ContinuousUsage

I. An action or situation that began in the past and CONTINUES to the present. It focuses on the DURATION of activity. It is usually used verbs (e.g., for, since, all morning, all day, all week, etc...) with time. • It's been raining all day. When is it going to stop? • I have been sitting here since seven o'clock. • I've been studying English for five hours.

Now


II. REPEATED actions that started in the past and CONTINUE into the present • My best friend Patrick has been coughing all

week.

NOW


III. Actions that have STOPPED in the recent past but the results of the action are STILL clearly visible. No time reference is given. • It's been raining. The streets are still wet. – (It's no longer raining but we see the result) • John has been fighting with his brother. He has a

black eye. – (He's no longer fighting but we see the result)

NOW


IV. Actions that are TEMPORARY or about to CHANGE • I've been living in Los Angeles, but I plan to move

soon.

NOW

STATIVE VERBSSTATIVE VERBSNOT –Progressive TenseNOT –Progressive Tense

STATIVE VERBS (those which describe a condition or situation) CANNOT be used in the progressive tenses 1) MENTAL STATE

– know believe imagine want realize feel doubt need understand suppose remember desire recognize think forget mean

2) EMOTIONAL STATE – Love prefer envy amaze like hate mind surprise

appreciate dislike care please fear astonish3) POSSESSION

– possess have own belong to4) SENSE PERCEPTIONS

– taste hear see smell feel5) OTHER EXISTING STATES

– seem resemble weigh matter look look like equal exist

– consist of appear cost be contain sound owe include

*those verbs which have BOTH stative & progressive meanings Patrick is tasting the sauce. (progressive meaning) The sauce tastes too salty. (stative meaning)

Task 4 – Grammar -TenseTask 4 – Grammar -Tense

Read the first sentence. Then decide if the second sentence is true or false based on the first sentence .

1) Cornelius Clark has been watching the stars for hours. – He's still watching the stars

2) He's been studying astronomy for several months. – He's not studying astronomy these days.

3) Cornelius has read several books about the stars. – Cornelius finished reading these books.

4) Cornelius' professor has written a book about the zodiac.

– The professor is still writing the book. 5) Cornelius has been reading this book.

– He is still reading this book. 6) He has been learning a lot about the zodiac.

– He finished learning about the zodiac.

Task 4 – Grammar -TenseTask 4 – Grammar -TenseRead the first sentence. Then decide if the second sentence is true or false based on the first sentence .

1) Cornelius Clark has been watching the stars for hours. – He's still watching the stars– (True)

2) He's been studying astronomy for several months. – He's not studying astronomy these days. – (False)

3) Cornelius has read several books about the stars. – Cornelius finished reading these books. – (True)

4) Cornelius' professor has written a book about the zodiac. – The professor is still writing the book. – (False)

5) Cornelius has been reading this book. – He is still reading this book. – (True)

6) He has been learning a lot about the zodiac. – He finished learning about the zodiac.– (False)

Task 5 – Grammar

Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous Robin: I think the waiter __________(forget) us. We

___________(wait) here for over half an hour and nobody __________(take) our order yet.

Michele: I think you're right. He_________ (walk) by us at least twenty times. He probably thinks we ____________(order, already)

Robin: Look at that couple over there, they_________ (be, only) here for five or ten minutes and they already have their food.

Michele: He must realize we _________(order, not) yet! We__________ (sit) here for over half an hour staring at him.

Robin: I don't know if he___________ (notice, even) us. He ___________(run) from table to table taking orders and serving food.

Michele: That's true, and he ________(look, not) in our direction once.

Task 5 – GrammarPresent Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous

Robin: I think the waiter _has forgotten (forget) us. We have been waiting (wait) here for over half an hour and nobody has taken (take) our order yet.

Michele: I think you're right. He has walked (walk) by us at least twenty times. He probably thinks we have already ordered (order, already)

Robin: Look at that couple over there, they have only been (be, only) here for five or ten minutes and they already have their food.

Michele: He must realize we have not ordered (order, not) yet! We have been sitting (sit) here for over half an hour staring at him.

Robin: I don't know if he has even noticed (notice, even) us. He has been running (run) from table to table taking orders and serving food.

Michele: That's true, and he has not looked (look, not) in our direction once.

Task 6 – GrammarPresent Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous

1. A: How long _____you______ (be) in Canada?B: I _________ (study) here for more than three years.

2. I _____________ (have) the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.

3. I ______________ (love) chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic".

4. Matt and Sarah _______________ (have) some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they _____________ (go) to a marriage counselor. I hope they work everything out.

5. John ___________ (work) for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he ___________ (enjoy) his work, but now he is talking about retiring.

6. Lately, I ___________ (think) about changing my career because I ___________ (become) dissatisfied with the conditions at my company.

7. I __________ (see) Judy for more than five years and during that time I ___________ (see) many changes in her personality.

Task 6– GrammarPresent Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous

1. A: How long have you been (be) in Canada?B: I have been studying (study) here for more than three years.

2. I have had (have) the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.

3. I have loved (love) chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic".

4. Matt and Sarah have been having (have) some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they have been going (go) to a marriage counselor. I hope they work everything out.

5. John has been working (work) for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he has enjoyed (enjoy) his work, but now he is talking about retiring.

6. Lately, I have been thinking (think) about changing my career because I have become (become) dissatisfied with the conditions at my company.

7. I have been seeing (see) Judy for more than five years and during that time I have seen (see) many changes in her personality.

WebsitesWebsites

EnglishPage.com– http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/

verbtenseintro.html

LCE-001 –General English Unit 5 - Achievements and Ambitions TSIM Kam Wan.

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