Layers of Protection Angela Summers

7/26/2019 Layers of Protection Angela Summers

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1

Layers of Protection Analysis

ANGELA E. SUMMERS, PH.D., P.E.

SIS-TECH Solutions, LLC

Were Proven-in-Use.


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Defining risk tolerance

Risk Matrix

Risk Grap!uantitati"#

-

-

-

-

a

1

12

1

3

a

1

1

2

13

1

2

1

3

24

3

5

h8

-

-

a

1

W1W2W3

2

2

4

3

5

2

4

3

5

3

6

4

7

3

6

36

47

C1

C2

C3

C4

P1

P2

P1

P2

F1

F2

F1

F2

P$Da"%& $t'$np& Tol#ra(l# $r#)u#n*+

Pro*#ss D#an $r#)u#n*+

RISK REDUCTION FACTOR REQUIRED MATRIX

4 10 10 1000 1000 TH

3 NR 10 100 1000 1000

2 NR NR 10 100 100

1 NR NR NR 10 10

1 2 3 4 5CONSEQUENCE

FREQUENCY


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Independent Protection Layer (IPL) Analysis Objective

Dri"# t# *ons#)u#n*#an'or r#)u#n*+ o

pot#ntial in*i#nts to antol#ra(l# risk l#"#l

Intolerable Risk

Tolerable Risk

Risk & r#)u#n*+ / *ons#)u#n*#


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Initiating Cause

Pro*#ss D#"iation

Initiatin% *aus#sE)uip#nt ailur#s

0 instru#ntation

0pups

0*opr#ssors

uan #rrorsloss o #*ani*al int#%rit+

Initiatin% *aus# r#)u#n*+


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Consequence

1as# on #tail# #s*ription o a2ars*#nario.

Exain# sa#t+, #n"iron#ntal, an#*onoi* risks.

3t#n *onsi#rs t# possi(ilit+ o#s*apin% t# in*i#nt an t# r#)u#n*+

o #xposur# to t# pot#ntial in*i#nt.Ass#ss#nt a+ (# )ualitati"# or)uantitati"# 4*ons#)u#n*# o#lin%5


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n!itigated "isk

Incident Frequency = Initiating Cause Frequency

Consequence = Scenario Consequence

Initiating

Cause

Consequence

Unmitigated Risk

IS IT TOLERABLE?


7/17 7

"isk #olerance

Copar# uniti%at# risk to risktol#ran*#.

I uniti%at# risk is %r#at#r tanrisk tol#ran*#, in#p#n#ntprot#*tion la+#rs ar# r#)uir#.


8/17 8

$%at are IPLs&

Independent

Protection Laers are

o!ten depicted as anonion skin"

#ac$ laer is

independent in ter%s

o! operation"T$e !ailure o! one

laer does not a!!ect

t$e ne&t"

Basic Process Control SystemsNon-safety Process alarms

Operator Supervision

PR!N"ION

Safety Critical Process #larms

Safety Instrumented Systems

$I"I%#"ION

$ec&anical $itigation Systems

Fire and %as Systems

P'#N" $R%NC( RSPONS

CO$$)NI"( $R%NC( RSPONS

Process *esign


9/17 '

Independent Protection Layer "estrictions

Su6*i#ntl+ in#p#n#nt so tat t# ailur#o on# IPL o#s not a"#rs#l+ a7#*t t#

pro(a(ilit+ o ailur# o anot#r IPLD#si%n# to pr#"#nt t# a2arous #"#nt,or iti%at# t# *ons#)u#n*#s o t# #"#nt

D#si%n# to p#ror its sa#t+ un*tion

urin% noral, a(noral, an #si%n (asis*onitions

Auita(l# or p#roran*#


10/17

()

IPL

IPLs *an pro"i#Pr#"#ntion 4a*ti"# 8 lo9#r pro(a(ilit+5

0 Alar 9it op#rator r#spons#0 Sa#t+ Instru#nt# S+st#

Miti%ation 4a*ti"# 8 lo9#r pro(a(ilit+'*ons#)u#n*#5

0 Pr#ssur# r#li# "al"#

Prot#*tion 4passi"# 8 lo9#r *ons#)u#n*#50 Dik#s

0 M#*ani*al #si%n

0 1arri*a#s


11/17

((

'itigated "isk "educe requency Only

IPL(

P*+(

IPL2

P*+2

,e-

T$ickness o! arro. represents !requenc o!

t$e consequence i! later IPLs are not

success!ul

I%pact

#/ent

!requenc

Mitigated Risk

red!"ed #re$!en"% & same

"onse$!en"e

IPL3

P*+3

Unmitigated Risk

#re$!en"% & "onse$!en"e


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(2

IPL( IPL2 IPL3

0cenarioConsequence

Initiating #/ent

*ailure

*ailure

*ailure

0uccess

0uccess

0uccess

0a!e 1utco%e

0a!e 1utco%e

0a!e 1utco%e

Consequences

e&ceeding criteria

,e-



success!ul

I%pact

#/ent

!requenc

Pre/enti/e

*eature

Pre/enti/e

*eature

Pre/enti/e

*eature

Unmitigated

Risk

RE'U(E

)RE*UE+(,TO A(IEE

TOLERABLE

RIS/

Mitigated Risk red!"ed

#re$!en"% & same "onse$!en"e


13/17

P)'0.1 P)'0.01 P*+)"(

0cenario

Consequence

Initiating #/ent

*requenc (r

*ailure )"(

*ailure )")(

*ailure )"(

0uccess )"'

0uccess )"''

0uccess)"'

*requenc )"'r

0a!e 1utco%e

*requenc )")''r

0a!e 1utco%e

*requenc )")))'r

0a!e 1utco%e

*requenc )")))(r

Consequencese&ceeding criteria

,e-



success!ul

I%pact

#/ent

!requenc

Pre/enti/e

*eature

Pre/enti/e

*eature

Pre/enti/e

*eature

Unmitigated

Risk


#re$!en"% & same "onse$!en"e


14/17

(4

'itigated "isk "educe requency and Consequence

IPL(

P*+(

,e-



success!ul

I%pact

#/ent

!requenc

Unmitigated Risk

#re$!en"% & "onse$!en"e

IPL2

P*+2

Mitigated Risk

red!"ed #re$!en"% & same

"onse$!en"e

C0(

P*+

Mitigated Risk red!"ed #re$!en"% &

red!"ed "onse$!en"e


15/17

P)'0.1 P)'0.1 P)'0.01

+i!!erent 0cenario

Consequence 1ccurs

,e-



success!ul

I%pact

#/ent!requenc

Unmitigated

Risk

Initiating #/ent*requenc (r

*ailure )"(

*ailure )"(

*ailure )")(

0uccess )"'

0uccess )"'

0uccess )"''

*requenc )"'r

0a!e 1utco%e

*requenc )")'r

0a!e 1utco%e

*requenc )"))''r

itigated Release

tolerable outco%e

*requenc )")))(r

Consequences

e&ceeding criteria

itigati/e

*eature

Pre/enti/e

*eature

Pre/enti/e

*eature


#re$!en"% & red!"ed "onse$!en"e


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SIL

One *IL Assign!ent #ec%nique


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*u!!ary

2A man is ri"3 in 4ro4ortion to t3e n!m5er

o# t3ings 3e "an a##ord to 6et a6one.7

enr% 'avid T3orea!

Industr .ill be udged on $o. it balances t$e

preser/ation o! li!e and t$e en/iron%ent .it$ t$e

need !or re/enue and pro!its"

+ngineers are c%arged ,it%

ac%ieving t%e balance-

Layers of Protection Angela Summers

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