LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA 1 Delivering polymer properties using speciality additives based on...
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Transcript of LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA 1 Delivering polymer properties using speciality additives based on...
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Delivering polymer properties using speciality additives based on smectite minerals
Cinzia Della Porta - Laviosa Chimica Mineraria SpALivorno Italy
Nanocomposites 2002 Amsterdam 28-29 January
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
From mine to plastic
Natural montmorillonite nanoclay
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Origin
variability of the mineralogical and chemical composition
• alteration of volcanic ash
• hydrothermal alteration of volcanic rocks
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
structure
The crystallographic basis of montmorillonite is 2:1 layered structurea single layer of aluminium octahedron between two sheets of SiO4 tetrahedrons
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
The elementary particleis a platelet:every single platelet is about 1 nm thin
• the various platelets are held together in packets by electrostatic and Van der Waals forces• they can be exfoliated and dispersed in submicronic particles
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
From mine to nanoclay
• selection of montmorillonite
• purification • reaction of modification
• drying process
• production of powder
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Selection of montmorillonite
sample A B C D E F G HCEC (meq/100g) 68 120 100 113 115 65,5 70 122
Al2O3 (%) 17,1 19,2 16,7 17,7 22,5 17,2 16,9 18,0SiO2 (%) 58,9 59,0 54,8 60,5 62,1 59,8 65,1 60,0
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
samples
%A
l 2O
3
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
%S
iO 2
%Al2O3
%SiO2
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Selection of montmorillonite
sample A B C D E F G HSSA (m2/g) 28 37 49 64 80 89 91 111
PSV (cm3/g) 0,074 0,091 0,068 0,102 0,102 0,134 0,093 0,210
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Selection of clay
sample A B C D E F G HCEC (meq/100g) 91 73 91 78 128 112 81 107
Na2O (%) 0,21 3,59 1,47 2,58 3,40 3,15 2,01 1,50
CaO (%) 4,16 1,52 2,99 1,51 1,10 3,81 2,17 2,86
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Variables in the Process
• selection of material for different viscosity
• level of purification
• reaction
• modifier
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Dellite HPS: High Purified Sodic Montmorillonite
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Dellite HPS: an example in a starch based nanocomposite
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Different montmorillonite
EVA + 10% sample1
XRD 4,13 nm
intercalated nanoclay
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Different montmorillonite
EVA + sample2 XRD 3,97 nm
some intercalated material
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Different montmorillonite
EVA + Dellite 72T
XRD no ads
exfoliated nanocomposite
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Mechanism of activation
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Not only the modifier...
• For a successful nanocomposite synthesis you have to choose the right modifier but also the right raw material
• The right raw material is dependent on the kind of polymer you are processing
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA
Products:
• Dellite HPS and Dellite GSA for high polar polymer
• Dellite 72T and Dellite 67G for polyolefin
• Dellite 43B for aromatic polymers
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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA