AAMJ / Vol. 3 / Issue 6 / November – December 2017

A A M J Anveshana Ayurveda Medical Journal

www.aamj.in ISSN: 2395-4159

Review Article

Concept Analysis on Dārvyādileha in Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu

(Iron Deficiency Anaemia)

Poonam. P Khot 1 Amit. L Tamadaddi 2

A b s t r a c t

Motherhood is the privilege or birthright of every women & it is the crowning act of her feminine

role of life. She is center of the Suprajā nirmiti (Creation of healthy progeny). Women go through

a variety of physiological changes during pregnancy. Pregnancy induced anaemia is very com-

mon condition which involves the fall in Hb concentration. If Anaemia is not treated on time, it

may give rise to maternal complications like preterm labour, increased risk of infection, PPH

and fetal complications like low birth weight, growth retardation. The line of treatment in

Pāṇḍuroga is śōdhana, but it is contraindicated in pregnancy. Hence appropriate śamana treat-

ment has to be adopted. Therefore, a conceptual study of Dārvyādileha mentioned in Charaka

Samhita Pāṇḍuroga Chikitsādyāya is taken for evaluation in this article.

Keywords: Dārvyādileha, Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu, Iron Deficiency Anaemia.

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Prasuti Tantra & Stree Roga, GJ Patel Ayurveda medical Col-

lege, Anand, 2 Associate Professor, Department of Agadatantra, J S Ayurvedi Mahavidyalay,

Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR

Dr. Poonam. P Khot

Assistant Professor,

Department of Prasuti Tantra & Stree Roga,

GJ Patel Ayurveda medical College, Anand

Gujarat, (India).

Email: khotpoonam86@gmail.com

http://aamj.in/wp-content/uploads/Volume3/Issue6/AAMJ_1632_1636.pdf

Poonam & Amit : Concept Analysis on Dārvyādileha in Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu (Iron Deficiency Anaemia)

AAMJ / Vol. 3 / Issue 6 / November – December 2017 1633

INTRODUCTION

naemia either directly or indirectly contributes to

about 20% of maternal deaths in the third world

countries[i]. Anaemia in pregnancy is seen pro-

portionally more than other complications in pregnancy

due to fetus within developing countries like India. Ma-

ternal diet & maternal tissues store supply nutrients to the

fetus. No mother will be able to meet the extra demand

of nutrients by diet alone. Pregnancy is always demand-

ing. Pregnant women need to absorb 2 - 3 times the

amount of Iron compared to non-pregnant women. In

Pregnancy, nutrition is used for nourishment of herself,

fetus, placenta and breast. So nutritional requirements

are high during pregnancy, which if not fulfilled will lead

to deficiency disorders like Iron deficiency anaemia

(I.D.A). WHO has accepted up to 11gm percent as the

normal haemoglobin level in pregnancy. In India & most

of the other developing countries the lower limit is often

accepted as 10gm%.[ii] According to WHO in India inci-

dence of Anaemia during pregnancy has been noted as

high as 40 - 80%.[iii] Pāṇḍu is a Rasa Pradoṣaja Vikāra[iv]

and Santharpanotha Vikāra. Pāṇḍu is a disease charac-

terized by pallor of body which strikingly resembles with

Anaemia of modern science. Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu as such is

not described in Ayurvedic classics but some passing ref-

erences are present. Acharya Harita has described

Aṣṭha Garbhopadrava in Harita Samhita[v] & included

Vivarṇata, which appears to be pallor that accompanies

anaemia. Acharya Charaka in Sharira Sthana has ex-

plained about Bala varṇa hāni of Garbhiṇi in 6th month

of pregnancy[vi]. It can be considered as reference for

Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu. The growing fetus is nourished by the

Rasa of the mother[vii]. It is clear that Garbhāvasthajanya

Pāṇḍu occurs due to the fetal demands & improper func-

tioning of the rasadhātu leading to malnourishment of the

body. The line of treatment in Pāṇḍuroga is śōdhana, but

it is contraindicated during pregnancy. Hence appropri-

ate śamana treatment has to be adopted. Thus an attempt

is made through this article to review Dārvyādileha be-

cause of its Dīpana, Pāchana, Śōṇitasthāpana and

Rasāyana properties, in Pāṇḍu Roga of Garbhiṇi in the

parlance of Iron Deficiency Anaemia.

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

Conceptual Literary study on the action of Dārvyādileha

in Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

All the drugs mentioned in Dārvyādileha explained in

Charaka Samhita Pāṇḍuroga Chikitsādyāya[viii] text will

be revived depending upon on Guṇa-karma (Properties-

Effect), Doṣahara properties with Chemical composition

of each ingredients of the drugs.

Dārvyādileha [viii]

Table-1- Showing List of Ingredients of Dārvyādileha and part used:

Ingredients

(Sanskrit Names) Botanical Name / Family Part Used

Dāruharidra Berberis aristata / Berberidaceae Mūla, Kanda, Phala, Twak

Haritaki Terminalia Chebula / Combretaceae Phala

Vibhītaka Terminalia Bellirica / Combretaceae Phala

Āmalaki Emblica Officinalis / Euphorbiaceae Phala

Śuṇṭhi Zingiber Officinale / Zingiberaceae Kanda

Pippalī Piper Longum / Piperaceae Phala, Mūla

Marīcha Piper Nigrum / Piperaceae Phala

Vidañga Embelia Ribes / Myrsinaceae Phala

Lohabhasma Chemical Symbol - Fe (Ferrum) Ash

A

Poonam & Amit : Concept Analysis on Dārvyādileha in Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu (Iron Deficiency Anaemia)

AAMJ / Vol. 3 / Issue 6 / November – December 2017 1634

Table-2-showing list of Rasa, Guṇa, Vīrya, Vipāka, Prabhāva of Ingredients -

Ingredients Rasa Guṇa Vīrya Vipāka Doṣagnatā

Dāruharidra[ix] Tikta, Kaṣāya Laghu, Rūkṣa Uṣṇa Katu Kapha Pitta-

gna

Haritaki[x] Panchrasa (Lavanavarjit

Kaṣāyapradhana Laghu, Rūkṣa Uṣṇa Madhua Tridoṣagna

Vibhītaka[xi] Kaṣāya Rūkṣa, Laghu Uṣṇa Madhua Tridoshgna

Āmalaki[xii] Panchrasa (Lavanavarjit)

Amlapradhana

Guru, Rūkṣa,

Śīta Śīta Madhua Tridoṣagna

Śuṇṭhi[xiii] Katu Laghu, Snigdha Uṣṇa Madhua Kaphavātagna

Pippalī[xiv] Katu Laghu, Snigdha Tīkṣṇa Anuṣṇaśīta Madhua Kaphavātagna

Marīcha[xv] Katu Laghu, Tīkṣṇa Uṣṇa Katu Kaphavātagna

Vidañga[xvi] Katu, Kaṣāya Laghu, Rūkṣa, Tīkṣṇa Uṣṇa Katu Kaphavātagna

Table - 3 - showing Chemical Composition and Action of all Ingredients-

Dravya Chemical Composition Action

Dāruharida

Plant contain berberine (2-3%), oxycan-

thine, umballiatine. Roots and bark con-

tain an yellowish alkaloid berberine.

Fruits contain citric and malic acid.

Pittasaraka, Yakrduttejaka, Pāṇḍu, Dīpana,

Grāhi, Raktaśodhaka, Raktasthambaka ,Ro-

chan- trsnanigrahana, Kaphagna, Sweda-

janana, Jwaragna, Śothhara,Ve-

danasthāpana,

Vranaśōdhana, Garbhashya śotha and

sravahara.

Haritaki

Fruit contains tannin upto 30% , Chebu-

linic acid, and it also contain gallic acid,

resin etc. T.chebula shows the presence of

gallic acid, ellagic acid, tannic acid, ethyl

gallate, chebulic acid, chebulagic acid,

corilagin, mannitol, ascorbic acid (vitamin

C), and other compounds . One source

lists T. chebula as having 32% tannin con-

tent .

Tridoṣahara, Rasāyana, Vayasthāpana,

Śothhara, Vedanasthāpana, Vranaśōdhana,

Balya, Medya, Dīpanaa, Pāchana, Yakr-

duttechaka, krimigna, Mriduvirechaka,

Grāhi, Śonithasthāpana, Hridya, Vrishya,

Prajāsthāpana, Mūtrala.

Vibhītaka

Fruit contains 17% tannin , B- sitosterol

Friedelin, gallic acid, oleic, eligic acid,

ethil gaillate, chebulic acid, mannitol, glu-

cose, galactose, fructose, reminose

Tridoṣahara, Chedana, Shleshmahara, rak-

tasthambaka, Vedanasthapaka, Dīpana, Anu-

lamana, Krimigna, Trishnanigrahana,Va-

jikaraa, Dhātuvardhaka, Chakshusya.

Āmalaki

The fruit pulp contains moisture 81.2%,

protein 0.5%, fat 0.1 %, mineral matter

0.7%, fibre 3.4%, carbohydrate 14.1%,

calcium 0.05%, phosphorus 0.02%, iron

1.2 mg/100 gms, nicotinic acid 0.2

mg/100 gms and vitamin C 600

mg/100 gms. Vitamin C content upto

720 mg/100 gms of fresh pulp and 921

mg/100 gms of fresh juice has been rec-

orded. The fruit is rich source of pectin .

Rasāyana, Vayasthāpana, Hrudaya, Sotha-

hara, Sarvadoṣahara, Medhya,

Sonitasthāpana, Nadi-Indriya-Mastiskabalya,

Kaphaghna, Rochana, Dīpanaa, Anulomana,

Rakta stambhaka, Stambhana, Sansrana,Rak-

taprasadhana, Yakrduttejaka, Plehahata,

Balavibaradhana, Jivaniya, Jvarghna, Chak-

susya, Sramhara, Rakta-pitta samaka.

Śuṇṭhi

Proteins 15.4, fibre 7.2&starch 5.3 , Zin-

giberene35.6%, oleo-resin ( gingerin)

6.5%, gingerol, shogaol, Zingerone.

Kaphavātahara, raktha śodhaka,Śītapraśa-

mana,Vrishya- uttejaka, śothahara, Balya, Ve-

danasthāpana, Dīpana, Pāchana,Triptigna,

Srotośodhaka.

Poonam & Amit : Concept Analysis on Dārvyādileha in Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu (Iron Deficiency Anaemia)

AAMJ / Vol. 3 / Issue 6 / November – December 2017 1635

Pippalī

Essential oil 0.7 %, mono and sesquiter

penes, cryophyllene, piperine (4-5%),

piplartine, piperlongumine, piercide, ses-

amin, piperundecalidine, -sitosteral, four

aristoclactams, cepharanone B,

Pipernonaline. Fruit contains L-tyrosine, L-

Cysteine, DL-Serine, L-aspartic acid. Essen-

tial oil like N-hexadecane,

N-heptadecane, N-Octadecane,

N-nonadecane, N-ecosnae.

Kaphavātahara, Rakthaśodhaka, Rak-

tavardhaka, Yakritduttejaka Rasāyana,

Dīpana, Pāchana, Kasa, Swasa, Sootika Ja-

wara, Vrishya, Balya., Medhya.

Marīcha

Piperine5-10%, Piperidine5%, Piprettine,

Chavicine, Volatile oil 1-2.6%, Fat 7%, fi-

ber14,9%, Protein 11.5, Carbohydrate

41.2, Minerals 4.4%, Calcium 460, Phos-

pherous 198, Iron 16.8, Thimine0.09, Ri-

boflovin 0.14, Nicotinic

acid1.4mg/100mg, Vitamin A

1800IU/100gm

Vātakaphahara, Raktotklesha, Balya,

Dīpana, Pāchana, Yakrutduttejaka, Ārtava-

janana, Kushtagna, Srotośōdhana

Vidañga Emblin 3%, Tannin, Christembine,

Fat5.2%, Quarsitol 1%.

Kaphavātahara, Krimigna, Kushtagna, Balya,

Dīpana, Pāchana, Raktaśodhaka, Śothahara,

Mūtrajanana, Rasāyana

Lohabhasma[xvii]

Lohabhasma is an important ingredient in many yogas,

& also finds its use as an independent drug in Pāṇḍu

Roga.

Rasa - Tikta Madhura

Guṇa - Śīta, Sara, Rūkṣa, Guru

Action on Doṣa - Tridoṣa Shamaka

Properties of Lohabhasma - Tridoṣagna, Rasāyana, Va-

jikarana, Balya, Vrishya, Brimhana, Medya,

Vayasthambaka,Chakshusya. Also used as Pāṇḍu

Amaya unmulayana, & in Kāmala, Shula, Shwasa, Gra-

hāni, Rajayakṣma, Kushta, Plīha, Yakrit roga, Rakta

Sthāpana.

DISCUSSION

Dārvyādileha is prepared in the form of choorna, has

Dāruharidra, Haritaki, Vibhītaki, Āmalaki, Pippalī,

Marīcha, Śuṇṭhi, Vidañga, Lohabhasma and consumed

with Gritha and Madhu. Dārvyādileha has katu,

tikta,kaṣāya, madhura rasa and it act as dīpana,

pāchana, tridoṣahara, srotośodaka, raktavardhaka,

balya. Āmalaki[xviii] also contain ascorbic acid which con-

verts ferric form of iron in ferrous form and iron absorp-

tion always take place in ferrous form. Haritaki[xix] has

ferric reducing antioxidant activity. Therefore, iron ab-

sorption easily happens. Pippalī, Śuṇṭhi, Marīcha,

Dāruharidra shows dīpana, pāchana, properties and in-

crease in the function of dhatwagni, pachakagni and

cures mandagni. Vidañga, Dāruharidra exerts the krimi-

gna properties & also helps for Agnidīpana. Rak-

tavardhaka property is present in Loha Bhasma. Loha

Bhasma possesses significant hematinic and cytoprotec-

tive activity[xx]. Loha Bhasma has also hemoglobin regen-

eration efficacy. Madhu and Gritha act as Yagovahi by

which they enhance the medicinal qualities and also help

them to reach the deeper tissues. Hence Dārvyādileha

can be considered as the drug of choice in Garbhiṇi

Pāṇḍu.

CONCLUSION

Pregnancy is a unique experience in every woman’s life

and women is root cause of progeny that requires at most

care in all the aspects. Nutritional requirements are high

during pregnancy, which if not fulfilled will lead to seri-

ous ill effects on mother and fetus. Dārvyādileha is an

important drug described in classics which is having the

properties like Balya, Dīpana, Pāchana, Śōṇitasthāpana,

Rasāyana, Varṇaprasadana guṇas of the drug are ideal

during pregnancy to take care the special needs.

^^^^^

Poonam & Amit : Concept Analysis on Dārvyādileha in Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu (Iron Deficiency Anaemia)

AAMJ / Vol. 3 / Issue 6 / November – December 2017 1636

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Source of Support: Nil.

Conflict of Interest: None declared

ΛΛΛΛ

How to cite this article: Poonam & Amit : Concept Analysis

on Dārvyādileha in Garbhiṇi Pāṇḍu (Iron Deficiency Anae-

mia). AAMJ 2017; 6:1632 – 1636.