Lauren Meek, Lauren Jones, Damian Philippone, Damian Gould
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Transcript of Lauren Meek, Lauren Jones, Damian Philippone, Damian Gould
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
Assignment 3 – Collaborative Group Publication
Public Relations field
Group members:
Lauren Jones (s3280712), Lauren Meek (s3233495), Damien Gould (s3284606),
Damian Filippone (s3290645)
Artefact #1:
CLOSED SIGN, FORMER CITY MUSEUM, OLD TREASURY BUILDING,
SPRING STREET
The public announcement of the demise of Melbourne‟s old-world sensibility is
presented through a vivid red installation which sits atop the former City
Museum‟s imposing steps. Occupying much of the Old Treasury building‟s
forecourt, and encroaching onto the bustling Spring Street footpath, the
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
triangular-prism shaped artwork acts as a notice board to inform passersby of the
unfortunate closing of the city‟s own specialist museum. Signifying Melbourne‟s
dramatic evolution, the largely incongruous and visually jarring structure
communicates the death of classical museums in an increasingly modern city.
Suggesting that the virtual city has finally come to supersede the physical city,
the artefact reminds its viewers of the contemporary roles and responsibilities of
museums in the new society. The closing of the City Museum is widely attributed
to the success and popularity of the Melbourne Museum, which has been praised
for its relevance and modernity (Eberle 2001). Whilst the importance of historical
appreciation remains unquestioned, the form in which the city seeks to exhibit its
history remains under dispute. Concerns about the loss of historical reverence
are not unfounded, as the desire to embrace new technology seems to demand
the hasty abandonment of hundreds of years of knowledge in traditional curation.
Those opposed to the reformatting of museums assert the belief that forgetting
the importance of „heritage‟ would come at a great cost, as museums remain a
fundamental institution in Melbourne culture (Logan 2004). However, it must be
noted that the preservation of culturally out-dated or socially inaccessible exhibits
could equally compromise the city‟s ability to inform its citizens of the past. It
makes sense that if a community cannot interpret and examine its own identity, it
can never be “enlightened” (Logan 2004).
Modern museums are like mirrors, reflecting the community whilst encouraging
imagination, creativity and interaction. Whilst museums were once considered as
merely repositories for knowledge, fact and classification, the Melbourne
Museum incorporates aspects of interaction and immersion; which acts to satisfy
the modern city's yearning for 'abstraction'. There is a notable emphasis on the
incorporation of new technology, such as screens and electronic displays, within
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
the exhibits themselves. In this way, history is not always, ostensibly, the main
attraction. Therefore, a major factor in the closure of the City Museum was,
potentially, its inability to remain current, as Melbourne itself gradually migrates
to an „online‟ geography (Holding 2009). Such a shift in connectivity and
networking is purported to undermine the “complexity of the city” (Logan 2004),
however, one could argue that the elimination of complexity is, in fact, the
ultimate goal.
Importantly, Melbourne will never remain static. Museums exist to document the
unyielding force of change which shapes the urban landscape like a stream
erodes a canyon. The evolution (or closure) of museums is an explicit attempt to
reflect the evolution of the city, and its dwellers, respectively. In a society where
media has spawned a generation of stimulus-addicted youths, it is necessary to
enforce “education as theme park” (Eberle 2001), rather than education as rote-
learning. By addressing the fact that Melbourne has developed a yearning for
“spectacle” (Eberle 2001), modern museums fulfill one‟s desires and remain
conceivably purposeful. Presenting their exhibits in the „language‟ of modern
communication, museums are attempting to remain relevant by constantly
'challenging' traditional perceptions and expectations.
Postmodern Melbourne has created postmodern museums; containing exhibits
which are driven by commercial success and updated incessantly in response to
what is trending. This New Melbourne seeks to repackage antiquity so it is
accessible in a contemporary culture, and in doing so, does not allow itself to be
anchored by the past. Opening itself up to the capabilities of multimedia,
Melbourne has looked to the future to communicate its history.
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
Artefact # 2:
WE ARE SORRY, LANEWAY COMMISSION 2009
Drawing pedestrians off the main streets and engaging them to explore the
hidden wonders of the cities back allies is fundamental to the Laneway
Commission. Every year artists install temporary work around the city: in 2009
Cathy Busby installed her art on Little Bourke Street. She challenges the use of
everyday space by employing her art as a form of cultural contestation.
Plastering sections of two landmark speeches by Canadian Prime Minister
Stephen Harper and Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd she is publicly
displaying the continued communication of aboriginal reconciliation. Suggesting
that Melbourne's history and treatment of aboriginals is still a prominent issue.
The artifact is less to do with intercity Public Relations and more to do with how
the city relates with itself, as the Laneways Commission is a government funded
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
initiative I can only conclude that it was thought relevant to keep aboriginal
reconciliation very much in the public spectrum. However it is important to note
that any public outcry or challenge is a form of PR, be it a rally, protest or in this
case an artwork.
Cathy Busby's art communicates both its immediate subject (aboriginal
reconciliation) and a broader image of Melbourne and her identify as a culturally
expressionist city. The idea that Melbourne employs art as a tool for resistance
has become popular culture. Walking down Swanston Street it is common to see
quirky, half hidden, artistic expressions challenging the prescribed order of things
(Melbourne Council, 2009). The lanes themselves that house creations like
Cathy Busby's art are a bi-product of the grid system, the formal structure giving
Melbourne her shape, it is therefore very relevant that resistance begins by
reclaiming these "artificial constructs" (Melbourne Council, 2009).
Melbourne is constantly trying to form links with other global cities: Litworth said
that parallels are drawn between Melbourne and London as an "international
attractive city with culture, diversity and exciting places to explore" (p.12). Public
art is one of the ways Melbourne has defined herself on the global scale, it is one
of the ways she is communicated nationally. Litworth explains that Melbourne's
identity is shaped by art and the imagined communities formed on the notion of
being set apart from other Australian cities.
Brown-May draws attention to the idea that Melbourne's grid system was a tool
for control. Indeed it challenged the way Aboriginals interacted with the land,
imposing a "spatial order" on a landscape that had previously been subject to an
intimate relationship between Aboriginal people (1998, p.2). Aboriginals had no
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
place in the new Melbourne and were either forced out of the city or into the then
unlivable laneways.
Entrenched in this artefact is the history and treatment of aboriginal people in
Melbourne, and its positioning on the walls of the grid system that sought to
control almost negates sincerity. Australia struggled with the idea of aboriginal
reconciliation: politicians were at odds as to who should say sorry and what
exactly there were sorry for. Cathy Busby's artwork is interesting because it can
be viewed in two ways, in its more sedate form it simply expresses the truth, or
exactly what happened, but in a more challenging way it can be seen as an
instrumental attack on the heart of the reconciliation movement. Some
aboriginals felt that the process of reconciliation had no soul or depth so the
question as to whether Cathy Busby might be using her art to challenge the
sincerity of the apology is a significant one.
Artefact # 3:
METRO TRAINS MELBOURNE
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
These public relations advertisements by Metro Trains Melbourne are featured
prominently on the blank white walls that contain Melbourne Central stations
escalators. After Connex failed to renew its contract with the Victorian
Government in 2009, Metro Trains Melbourne replaced Connex on the 30th
November of that same year. (Metro Service Commitments 2009, p.1) Since then
Metro Trains have been adamant in communicating to the Melbourne public that
there will be a noticeable improvement of the current state of Melbourne public
transport. Therefore these public relations advertisements can be found all
around Melbourne‟s public transport areas. This particular advertisement reads
'Spend your time reading a book, not a road map'; through such advertisements
as this it is evident that MTM are trying to distance and disassociate themselves
from the 'Connex' name as much as possible.
As commuters stare into space whilst waiting for their escalator ride to reach the
top (or bottom), the once blank walls that went relatively unnoticed on their
journeys now confront them as today's "urban landscape[s] are [now] market
forces for commodifying desire" (Mendes, 1995, pp.362). Christina Mendes'
chapter on appropriating space in 'Signal Driver’ discusses how areas that were
once public spaces are now being modernised through redefining the roles of
urban objects and areas into the private domain and a result of this; a merging of
the private and the public has occurred. The reason why these Metro Trains
Melbourne messages seem to be the only form of advertisements that occupy
the walls, buses and trains of Melbourne‟s public transport landscape is due to
the majority of advertisers opting to advertise in the MX.
In Gillian Dyer‟s „Advertising as communication’ she states how typical public
relations campaigns usually try to promote a positive image of what they are
advertising without appearing to actually do so. Metro Trains Melbourne recent
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
public relations advertisements have taken the exact opposite approach mainly
due to the negative associations with public transport that was created by
Connex. MTM‟s concerted effort to convey a positive image becomes evident
when one rides an escalator in one of Melbourne‟s many train stations as
consecutive adverts are displayed on the escalator walls spruiking MTM‟s „great
customer service‟ and several other „improvements‟.
Anne Cronin‟s ’Advertising and the metabolism of the city: urban space,
commodity rhythms’ examines and deconstructs how the frequent periods of
immobility whilst waiting for trains, buses etc (called „dwell time‟ by advertisers) in
areas "such as underground train stations are seen to have a „captive audience‟
where travelers on the platform or in the carriage often have nothing to do but
read the ads and have significant time in which to do it"(pp.5). Metro Trains
Melbourne public relations campaign is an example that embodies this idea as
their public relations adverts can be seen not only on the escalator walls of train
stations but on bus stops and the trains themselves.
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
Artefact # 4:
OUR LITTLE PIECE OF EUROPE
In the late 1830‟s during the design process of the grid, Melbourne‟s laneways
were designed as access points for deliveries to the houses and business in the
area. By the 1840‟s and 1850‟s they were areas mostly associated with
immigrants and an environment that included overcrowding, poor sanitation and
criminal behavior (Fung, 2006).
That has all changed in recent times and the laneways and back alleys of
Melbourne are home to hidden bars and clothing boutiques. With a distinctly
European feel, people are no longer afraid to wander through the laneways.
People from all walks of life come together and appreciate the romance of the
dark, hole in the wall cafes and cafe culture and the graffiti once seen as a
criminal act but now viewed as art, dressing up the grey walls making them
visually appealing.
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
The thing about Melbourne‟s is: while other cities have the luck of being set in a
beautiful location; Melbourne has had to develop itself into somewhere tourists
want to visit. It has developed itself into a sophisticated modern city rather than
relying on „tangible icons‟.
While Melbourne may have adopted the coffee culture from the Italians, there
have been other cultures shaping the way Melbournians consume coffee and
over the years it has been adapted to local conditions. “Australian‟s have
followed the Italians in making espresso and the French in sitting around in
cafes” (Jolliffe, 2009).
In 1998 coffee took over from tea as Melbournian‟s favourite hot beverage. “The
increased coffee consumption is often linked with the post war surge in migration
from continental Europe, particularly Italy” (Jolliffe, 1999). The Italians migrated
mostly because of Melbourne‟s strong manufacturing base and still today are the
largest non-British ethnic group in the city.
When PR people talk about the city, they use words like enchantment,
cosmopolitan and sophisticated. As well as promoting the fact that Melbourne is
developing a name for itself in the fashion and restaurant industries. “Detour from
the main trails and discover Melbourne's intimate and enchanting web of lanes,
alleys, little streets and arcades” gives the reader an idea of the mystery and
romance of Melbourne (Hewett 2009).
. “Marketed as internationally appealing and a truly iconic Melbourne experience,
laneways have been transformed and consumed as part of civic desires for
Melbourne to be counted as a world city” (Fung 2006). The lanes offer
„international flavour‟ and an opportunity to feel like you can have it all with Italian
coffee, Japanese cuisine and European fashion, all within reach. “The urban
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
character of Melbourne is defined by a pastiche of picturesque stereotypes and
images of multiple versions of Europe” (Fung 2006). Fung argues that this is
why Melbourne is incapable of producing its own urban centers and also “the
seduction of Melbourne‟s lanes represents an increasingly blurred boundary
between what might be the real experience of the lanes and is implemented and
marketed to entice international investment”.
References
Artefact 1 -Logan, W 2004, „Museums, Community Identity and Urban Heritage‟,
Cities and Museums: Local and Global Challenges Forum keynote paper
presented 3 September 2004 at the Queensland College of Art Auditorium,
Deakin University, South Brisbane, pp. 1-8
Artefact 1 - Eberle, J 2001, „Reading the Melbourne Museum‟, Screen Education,
vol. 1, no. 26, pp. 222-225
Artefact 1 - Holding, T (Minister for Finance) 2009, More Victorians to be Married
in Historic Building, media release, The Premier of Victoria, Melbourne, 11
December
Artefact 2 - Brown-May, A 1998, 'The Desire for a City', 'The Citizens are
beginning to Complain', 'The Life and Death of the Streets', in Melbourne Street
Life: the Itinerary of our days, 1st ed, Australian Scholarly Publishing, Kew Vic,
pp. 2-3, 18-19, 68-69 and 206-207.
Artefact 2 - Litworth, M, Forgotten Spaces Revitalising Perth's Laneways, no. 1,
Laneways Project Team: Strategy & Urban Development Units, City of Perth,
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
Perth.
Artefact 2 - 2009, Project Brief Public Art Program Temporary Works Laneways
Commission 2009: A Season of Contemporary Artworks in the Public Domain,
Melbourne (Vic) Council, City of Melbourne, Melbourne.
Artefact 3 - Mendes, CS 1995, 'Signal Driver: From bus stops to bus shelters the
new art of appropriating space', in Current issues in criminal justice, 6th edn,
Institute of Criminology, University of Sydney, pp. 362-370.
Artefact 3 - Dyer, G 1982, Advertising as communication, 8th edn, Methuen & Co
Ltd, United Kingdom
Artefact 3 - Anne Cronin, ‟Advertising and the metabolism of the city: urban
space, commodity rhythms‟, published by the Department of Sociology,
Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YL, UK at HYPERLINK
"http://www.lancs.ac.uk/sociology/papers/cronin-advertising- metabolism-city.pdf"
http://www.lancs.ac.uk/sociology/papers/cronin-advertising- metabolism-city.pdf
Artefact 4 - Fung, P (2006) „The Seduction of Melbourne‟s Laneways: making
Melbourne a „World city‟, Crossings website, accessed 13/04/2010 HYPERLINK
"http://www.inasa.org/crossings/11_2/index.php?apply=fung"http://www.inasa.org
/crossings/11_2/index.php?apply=fung
Artefact 4 - Hewett, A (2009) Lose yourself in Melbourne Laneways, Only
Melbourne website, accessed 12/04/2010 HYPERLINK
"http://www.onlymelbourne.com.au/melbourne_details.php?id=9408"http://www.o
nlymelbourne.com.au/melbourne_details.php?id=9408
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
Artefact 4 - Jolliffe, L 2010, Tourism and cultural change: Coffee culture,
Destinations and Tourism, Lee II (eds.) Channel view publications, accessed
22.05.2010 HYPERLINK
"http://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=LnpwfgQvAMsC&oi=fnd&pg=P
A99&dq=melbournes+european+laneways&ots=tEciI7k4bV&sig=0OC9Kw0RjXhl
1yjdoFLsqsQ66aY#v=onepage&q&f=false"
http://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=LnpwfgQvAMsC&oi=fnd&pg=P
A99&dq=melbournes+european+laneways&ots=tEciI7k4bV&sig=0OC9Kw0RjXhl
1yjdoFLsqsQ66aY#v=onepage&q&f=false
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
COMM2411 – Communication and Social Relations
Assessment Task#3, Semester 1, 2010
Map of Revisions GROUP NAMES & STUDENT NUMBERS: 1. Damien Gould s3284606 2. Lauren Jones
3. Damian Filippone s3290645 4. Lauren Meek s3233495 Referee Comments
KEY TUTOR FEEDBACK (on WRITTEN ASSESSMENT TASK #1)
RESPONSE/ACTION
Artefact#1 Advised that the research should explore the contrasting ideas about the modern role and purpose of museums, with specific reference to the varied museums in Melbourne. Artefact#2 Suggested a discussion on the discord amongst Australia about the whole reconciliation movement process. Also that the artwork may have been designed as an “arrow to the heart” of the issue. Artefact#3 Wrong disciple chosen for artefact Awkward use of words & grammar Artefact#4 One of my scholarly references was actually not scholarly (Miletic, B 2009)
1. Consulted numerous publications which discuss museums in a Melbournian context. Found article which directly compared the Melbourne Museum to the Melbourne City Museum. 2. I read more into Cathy‟s art and other chapters in the sources I had to get a better understanding and made some changes. 3. Got in touch with tutor to rectify the issue, changed from a „design‟ group to a „public relations‟ group. Fixed grammatical errors by rewriting sentences. 4. Changed from Miletic, B (2009) to Jolliffe, L (2010)
KEY VERBAL FEEDBACK FROM TUTOR (IN CLASS WORKSHOP AND/OR PRESENTATION)
Artefact#1 Advised to re-examine the nature of Museums with a better understanding of the modern 'recontextualisation' of information, which sees exhibits explored in a more 'abstract' presentation. Also suggested an analysis of the more 'challenging formats' of curation which contemporary museums have adopted. Artefact#2 When discussing my artifact I said that it was PR in the way it relates to the city and its residents. I should have also noted that PR is boarder then I acknowledged and is any public movement challenging something. Artefact#3 Language used in presentation to complex Why are Metro Trains Melbourne advertisements so lame? MX magazines advertising. Artefact#4 While describing one of my references, I said a bit about graffiti and Grant said to take it out as it doesn‟t go with the „European‟ influences
1. I consulted my sources again, with the intention of paying closer attention to how modern museums are recontextualising their exhibits. Janine Eberle's article proved extremely helpful, as it discusses the notion of revolutionary 'story-telling' in museums in great detail. As such, I adjusted my analysis to better communicate/critique her understanding. 2. I was surprised by the broad definition of PR as I felt it was different form the idea taught in class. I researched the idea to understand the matter better. 3. Re-wrote & removed some sentences, added the MX information into the 500 word summary. 4. I only used graffiti once in my final piece and I think it fits into the story about the history of the lanes so I decided it wouldn‟t affect it too much to leave it in.
PEER FEEDBACK
Artefact#1 It was suggested that my analysis I agreed that my analysis was too heavily
Lauren Jones Lauren Meek Damien Gould Damien Philippone
contained too much reliance on outside sources, and therefore my examination of the actual artefact was lacking. Also, one of my sources was complimented for its unreliable nature, and it was suggested that my criticism of this source was appropriate.
dependent on my chosen sources, and therefore, I attempted to include a better balance between my own analysis and those which I had researched. Also, my critique of the source which received peer approval was retained.
Artefact#2 My group suggested I spend more time discussing the aboriginal reconciliation rather then placing the emphasis on its positioning in a laneway.
I saw that I had become distracted in my response and had indeed focused too much on the positioning and not enough on the artifact itself. I thought it was import to keep the information on its positioning as it helped to the understanding but I added more on the art itself.
Artefact#3 Some sentences were unnecessary. Language used was too analytical.
Removed irrelevant sentences that did not contribute anything to the analysing of the artefact. Re-wrote and re-worded several sentences to be more accessible as the previous sentences could be confusing for those with no prior knowledge of the information being cited
Artefact#4 My group suggested that I add a reference tying in the coffee culture in our first meeting.
I think it was a great idea, and I added it in, this was my new scholarly reference, Jolliffe.
OTHER SIGNIFICANT CHANGES