Latin Grammar The Demonstratives: hic, haec, hoc iste, ista, istud ille, illa, illud is, ea, id.
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Transcript of Latin Grammar The Demonstratives: hic, haec, hoc iste, ista, istud ille, illa, illud is, ea, id.
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Latin GrammarThe Demonstratives:
hic, haec, hociste, ista, istudille, illa, illudis, ea, id
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Demonstratives The verb dēmōnstrō in Latin means to point
out. Demonstratives are words that point,
like this or that in English.
this dog
that dog
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Demonstratives In Latin, we have learned two
demonstratives so far:1. hic, haec, hoc (= this)2. ille, illa, illud (= that)
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Demonstratives In English, this is used for things near
the first person; that is used for things near the second or third person.
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This dog.That dog.
First Person Second Person
ThirdPerson
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Latin Demonstratives and English Demonstratives So English has two demonstratives:
1. this for things near the first person2. that for things near the second person and
third person. Latin has THREE demonstratives that are
used like English this and that. hic, haec, hoc for things near the first person iste, ista, istud for things near the second
person ille, illa, illud for things near the third person.
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iste, ista, istud
singular plural
iste ista istud istī istae ista
istum istam istud istōs istōs ista
istīus istīus istīus istōrum istārum istōrum
istī istī istī istīs istīs istīs
istō istā istō istīs istīs istīs
singular plural
ille illa illud illī illae illa
illum illam illud illōs illōs illa
illīus illīus illīus illōrum illārum illōrum
illī illī illī illīs illīs illīs
illō illā illō illīs illīs illīs
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hic canis.iste canis.
First Person Second Person
ThirdPerson
ille canis.
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Facts to Know hic, haec, hoc is the demonstrative of
the first person iste, ista, istud is the demonstrative of
the second person ille, illa, illud is the demonstrative of the
third person.
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is, ea, id is, ea, id is another demonstrative.
singular plural
is ea id eī eae ea
eum eam id eōs eōs ea
eius eius eius eōrum eārum eōrum
eī eī eī eīs eīs eīs
eō eā eō eīs eīs eīs
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is, ea, id is, ea, id is not used to point in space. It is used to point to things mentioned in
conversation. It translates in several ways:
this that he, she, it, they
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herī in uiā canem uīdī.
eum canem ego quoque
uīdī.
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is, ea, id Latin has first and second person pronouns,
singular and plural: ego, tū, nōs, uōs Oddly, it has no third person pronouns—no
he, she, it, and they. Instead, it uses is, ea, id.
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is, ea, id John went to school yesterday. He arrived at 8
a.m.
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herī in uiā canem uīdī.
eum ego quoque uīdī.
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Facts to know Latin has no third person pronouns. Instead, it uses the demonstrative is, ea,
id
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