Latin American Association of Forensic Anthropology (ALAF ... · This conference was supported by...
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198 | EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
Background on ALAF
i n February 2003, EAAF organized
a meeting of Latin American
anthropologists working in the
forensic field, mostly from NGOs,
including EAAF, the Peruvian Forensic
Anthropology Team (EPAF), the
Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology
Foundation (FAFG), the Center of
Forensic Analysis and Applied Sciences
(CAFCA) from Guatemala, and the
Archbishop’s Human Rights Office of
Guatemala (ODHA). Thanks to the
generosity of Dr. Clyde Snow, Cat and
Henry Butcher, Austin College, and
an Open Society Institute institutional
grant to EAAF, the group was able to
meet for five days to discuss creating
a regional professional network. The
meeting resulted in the establishment
of ALAF, and furthermore, the devel-
opment of the association’s objectives
and principles. Dr. Clyde Snow, who
has assisted in launching and train-
ing most of the Latin American non-
Latin American Association of Forensic Anthropology (ALAF) ConferencesalaF held its 4th conference in lima, peru, from March 31st to april 4th, 2008
and the 5th conference in Buenos aires, argentina from october 26th to 28th,
2009. these conferences bring together alaF members—coming mostly from
latin america, Spain, portugal, and the US, and working mainly in anthropology,
archaeology, and genetics, but also from other forensic disciplines—as well as
others interested in latin american forensic anthropology. participants present
on their work in their local contexts, advances in forensic techniques, challenges
encountered in their work, and other topics. the conferences are also intended
to encourage exchange of experiences and collaboration regionally.
Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2009. Clyde Snow, an American forensic anthropologist who has been at the center of most efforts to apply forensic sciences to human rights investiga-tions, helped train and co-found EAAF and other Latin American forensic teams, and was instrumental in establishing ALAF in 2003. Photo: EAAF.
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport | 199
governmental forensic teams, chaired
the meeting.
ALAF, a non-profit association, empha-
sizes as its main objectives: to promote
the use of forensic anthropology and
archaeology in judicial investigations
in Latin America and collaborate with
judicial branches on the improvement
of criminal procedures and investiga-
tions, to establish ethical and pro-
fessional criteria for the practice of
forensic anthropology, to ensure the
quality and scientific independence of
the practice, to support the applica-
tion of forensic standards to the Latin
American context, to promote further
training for forensic anthropologists
and archaeologists in Latin America
and abroad, to create an independent
accreditation board that will certify
qualified practitioners, to promote
mechanisms to provide families of the
deceased access to forensic investiga-
tions (in accordance with international
conventions protocols and recommen-
dations), and to protect ALAF mem-
bers and their families, considering the
risks that accompany work in forensic
anthropology in some Latin American
countries.
An interdisciplinary approach is fun-
damental for forensic investigations.
Many disciplines like geophysics,
genetics, entomology, pathology and
odontology can be involved in collect-
ing evidence. Furthermore, in human
rights cases, preliminary investiga-
tions often require anthropologists
to examine police, judicial, military,
morgue and cemetery records, as
well as working with human rights
NGOs, and various other institutions
and specialists. The importance of the
contribution of all these disciplines to
the work of forensic anthropologists
and archaeologists encouraged ALAF
to promote a multidisciplinary mem-
bership comprised of not only active
forensic anthropologists and archae-
ologists, but also members from other
forensic disciplines, including genet-
ics, criminalistics, pathology, odontol-
ogy, and many other related fields.
This approach is visible at the ALAF
conferences, where presentations
deal with many forensic approaches,
often in combination.
ALAF has contributed to the scientific
and ethical discussions around top-
ics such as: identification of bodies,
instruments and techniques of detec-
tion and registration of burial loca-
tions, the right to truth, the need for
psychosocial support during forensics
work, recovery of evidence from crime
scenes, case studies in the identifica-
tion of victims, cause of death, and
analyzing fractures and pathology, to
name a few. ALAF has also held con-
ferences in Guatemala in 2004 and in
Colombia in 2005.
ALAF has played a key role in creat-
ing a space for specialists outside
and within the forensic field to come
together and exchange ideas, practices
and challenges in efforts to spread
advances of forensic anthropology in
Latin America.
4th ALAF Conference: “Forensic Anthropology and the Search for Missing Persons in the Context of Latin America”
March 31st to April 4th, Lima, Peru1
The 4th ALAF Conference brought
together more than 300 forensic inves-
tigators working in Latin America, stu-
dents, representatives from civil society
and human rights organizations, justice
administration officials, among oth-
ers for the five-day conference. The
Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2009. The opening address of the 5th ALAF Conference on “Standardizing Forensic Anthropology Investigations in Latin America”. From left to right: Alicia Lusiardo, former vice-president of ALAF (currently president); Luis Fondebrider, president of EAAF; Dr. Elías Hurtado Hoyos, president of the Argentine Medical Association (AMA); Dr. Clyde Snow, forensic anthropologist; Jose Pablo Baraybar, former president of ALAF and director of EPAF. Photo: EAAF.
200 | EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
conference theme centered on compar-
ing and contrasting forensic investiga-
tions for missing persons, for humani-
tarian or human rights purposes, in
Colombia, Chile, Peru, Guatemala,
Mexico, Argentina, and Uruguay, as
well as presentations discussing foren-
sic investigations in Spain related to the
1930s civil war. Investigators or repre-
sentatives from each country had an
opportunity to present their experiences
and the results of case study investiga-
tion. Presentations were given about the
following topics: Searching for Missing
Persons, Forensic Anthropology and
Human Rights, Preliminary Investigations
and Forensic Anthropology, Field
Methods and Techniques, Identification
and Cause of Death. The roundtable dis-
cussions focused on the current status
of the missing people in Colombia, the
forced disappearances in Latin America
and the challenges faced with the judi-
cial system.
During the 4th Conference, the discus-
sions of increasingly specialized scien-
tific investigatory tools and methods
revealed how the discipline has grown
to occupy a more significant place
in the academic world and in Latin
American society. The social and politi-
cal obstacles faced by practitioners
in certain countries were addressed,
including the role of community par-
ticipation in Colombia and Peru to
supplement investigations was par-
ticularly highlighted, and the security
threats involved in working on forensic
investigations of human rights cases.
An International Committee of the
Red Cross (ICRC) representative pre-
sented on the ICRC’s Missing Project
and efforts to create an ante-mortem
and post-mortem database to central-
ize information on missing persons
and unidentified remains from forensic
investigations.
At the 4th ALAF Conference, EAAF
members were involved in the follow-
ing presentations:
nSomigliana C. and M. C. Perosino.
El consentimiento informado en
casos de violaciones a los DDHH.
5th Conference: “Standardizing Forensic Anthropology Investigations in Latin America”
October 26th to 28th, 2009,
Buenos Aires, Argentina2
The 5th Conference consisted of panel
discussions and workshops, highlight-
ing the importance of standardizing
forensic anthropology investigations
in Latin America. The more than 200
participants included forensic anthro-
pologists, archeologists, doctors, den-
tists, and biologists, who contributed
in the exchange of information on
methodologies of investigation, focus-
ing particularly on the relationship
between genetics, anthropology and
historical research in the search for vic-
tims of disappearance. Representatives
from the ICRC’s Missing Project
and the European Association of
Forensic Anthropology (FASE) also
attended. The presentations focused
on the importance of a multidisci-
plinary approach, even as technology
improves and becomes more complex.
Members also took time to reflect on
the development of the field in their
own contexts.
A tribute was organized for Dr. Clyde
Snow, in recognition of his role in form-
ing ALAF and in supporting the devel-
opment of forensic anthropology in
Latin America. Special workshops were
given on: the application of forensic
genetics to forensic anthropology by
geneticists Dr. Carlos Vullo, EAAF, and
Dr. Mishel Stephenson, FAFG; on bone
trauma in the interest of forensics led
Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2009. In addition to presentations, participants at ALAF Conferences display posters on a wide array of forensic and historical topics. Photo: EAAF.
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport | 201
by Jose Pablo Baraybar, EPAF; and a
workshop on minimum requirements
for psychosocial accompaniment dur-
ing investigations and exhumations,
led by Carmen Rosa Cardoza, EPAF and
Susana Navarro García, ECAP. The con-
ference concluded with a guided tour
of ESMA, the former Naval Mechanic’s
School in Buenos Aires, one of the
largest clandestine detention centers
active during the last military dictator-
ship in Argentina.
At the 5th ALAF Conference, EAAF
members were involved in the following
presentations:
nLa Iniciativa Latinoamericana
para la Identifación de los
Desaparecidos, ILID, objetivos,
implementación, y primeros
resultados en Argentina. Ayerdi,
C, P. Bernardi, D. Bustamante, M.
Doretti, S. Egaña, L. Fondebrider,
A. Ginarte, M. Nieva, R. Mazzella,
D. Olmo, R. Pettit, M. Salado
Puerto, C. Somigliana, S. Turner, C.
Vullo, J.P. Acierno, M. Castillo, L.
Catelli, V. D’Amelia, M. Fumagalli,
P. Gallo, S. Gheggi, G Ghidini, A.
González Simonetto, V. Hernández,
A. Ibánez, M. Mohn, J. Nóbile, F.
Olivares, M. Paiaro, C. Perosino, M.
Princ, C. Romanini, I. Sánchez, M.
Segura, M. Selva, S. Varela.
nDetección de grupos muy
correlacionados de personas
desaparecidas usando redes
complejas. Caridi, I, C. Dorso, P.
Gallo, and C. Somigliana.
n Iniciativa latinoamericana para
la identificación de personas
desaparecidas: Argentina (Video).
D’Amelia, V.
n Identificaciones de restos femeninos
vinculados a la investigación de
desapariciones y homicidios de
mujeres en un contexto fronterizo.
Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. Doretti, M,
S. Egaña, P. Bernardi, S. Turner, and
M. Salado Puerto.
nBancos genéticos para la
identificación de restos humanos
en contexto de violación de los
derechos humanos. La necesidad de
una guía para su creación. Doretti,
M, L. Fondebrider, C, Ayerdi, M,
Salado Puerto.
nLicitaciones y contratos con
laboratorios de genética forense.
El papel del antropólogo. Doretti,
M, C. Vullo, M. Salado Puerto, S.
Egaña, R. Pettit, and L. Fondebrider.
nEl desarrollo de capacidad forense
local para investigar el destino de los
desaparecidos: el ejemplo de Chipre.
Fondebrider, L, M. Salado Puerto.
nEstudio de restos óseos humanos
quemados y fragmentados: un aporte
metodológico. González Simonetto,
A, V. Hernández, and S. Egaña.
nMétodos de exploración en
antropológica forense: su
implementación en sitios cementerios
y centros clandestinos de detención.
Nieva, M, J. Nóbile, and M. Castillo.
nLa antropología forense ante el
hallazgo de restos óseos en forma
fortuita. Un caso de aplicación.
Nieva, M, M. Fumagalli, G. Ghidini,
and P. Gallo.
nResultados de análisis genéticos
en diferentes piezas anatómicas
de restos óseos con 30 años de
antigüedad. Romanini, C, L. Catelli,
M. Romero, M. Salado Puerto, J. P.
Acierno and C. Vullo.
nAntropología y genética forenses,
necesidad de interrelación en la
identificación de restos óseos y la
reasociación intraesqueletal. Salado
Puerto, M, C. Vullo, L. Catelli, C.
Romanini, J. P. Acierno, C. Ayerdi,
P. Bernardi, D. Bustamante, M.
Doretti, and C. Somigliana.
nDistribución y patrón de fracturas:
una perspectiva dinámica. Selva, M.
and S. Egaña.
n Identificación y reasociación
intraesqueletal en restos mezclados,
estudio de casos en Argentina.
Varela, S, M. Salado Puerto, C.
Vullo, L. Catelli, and C. Romanini.
nDimorfismo sexual y necesidad de
validación metodológica a nivel
poblacional. Estudio en población
argentina. Wolff, I and M. Salado
Puerto. m
EndnotEs1. This conference was supported by the Peruvian Forensic Anthropology Team, the Project Counseling (PCS), the Peruvian Episcopal Commission (CEAS), The Peru National Coordinator of Human
Rights (CNDDH), The Ecumenical Foundation for Development and Peace (FEDEPAZ), the Peru section of Amnesty International, and the Rural Education Service (SER). ICRC provided support for participant registration and Alas Peruanas University assisted with printing of folders and posters.
2. This conference was supported by the National Bank of Argentina Foundation, the Argentine Delegation to the European Commission and the Open Society Institute. The ICRC provided support for ALAF members to attend, and the World Archaeological Conference provided workshop support.
202 | EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
EAAF member and co-founder
Mercedes Doretti was awarded a
MacArthur Fellowships for 2007, also
nicknamed the “Genius Award”.
Each year, the John D. and Catherine
T. MacArthur Foundation awards
$500,000 fellowships to between 20
and 30 individuals in recognition of
“exceptional creativity, promise for
important future advances based on a
track record of significant accomplish-
ment, and potential for the fellow-
ship to facilitate subsequent creative
work.” The MacArthur Foundation
invites individuals with extensive expe-
rience in a particular field to nominate
a colleague qualified for this recogni-
tion. The MacArthur Fellowship is a
“no strings attached” award and the
recipients are then free to spend the
money as they see fit.
Even though it is an individual award,
Doretti considers this award to belong
also to her EAAF colleagues and
as a result donated it in full to the
team. EAAF believes the award gives
more legitimacy to forensic scientists
Awards
Buenos Aires, 1987. Mercedes Doretti, second from right, with other original members of the team and Dr. Clyde Snow, third from right, who has helped train and mentor the team since its inception. Photo: Eric Stover.
Special Section: awards
Mercedes Doretti Receives Macarthur Fellowship (2007)
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport | 203
working in human rights investiga-
tions worldwide. In addition, the
award reinforces the right of families
of victims of human rights violations
to independent forensic investigations
in their search for truth and justice.
The team is excited by the possibilities
this support will open for innovative
applications of forensic anthropology
and genetics to human rights cases
worldwide.
Finally, Mercedes is grateful to both
her nominators and the MacArthur
Foundation for this honor.
Konex Foundation award (2008)Since 1980, the Konex Foundation
has given out awards to the most dis-
tinguished individuals and institutions
in Argentina. The Konex Awards are
presented annually, with each year
focused on a different category or
field, such as: sports, entertainment,
visual arts, science and technology,
literature, popular music. Categories
repeat every ten years. In 2008, the
Konex Foundation focused on the
field of Science and Technology.
EAAF was awarded the Merit Award
for its work and contributions in the
field of Scientific and Technological
Research Institutions. The award rec-
ognizes EAAF’s efforts in the pursuit
of truth and the right to know, as well
as their contributions to the advance-
ment of the field of academic forensic
anthropology.
The Confederation of Education
Workers of the Argentinean Republic
(Confederación Trabajadores de la
Educación de la República Argentina,
CTERA), is the main labor union for
teachers and academics in the country.
Every year it awards the title “Master
of Life” to those individuals and insti-
tutions that exceed in their own disci-
pline, show enormous commitment,
and set an example in their field. EAAF
received this award in September of
2008 for its work in forensic anthropol-
ogy. The team is honored by the award
and remains committed to incorporat-
ing forensic training for students as part
of its work, both inside and outside of
Argentina, conducting scientific work
to the highest standards, and improv-
ing best practices.
leila Guerreiro Receives nuevo periodismo award for an article about eaaF (2010)Argentine journalist Leila Guerreiro
won the prestigious Nuevo Periodismo
CEMEX+FNPI Award in July 2010 for her
article “El rastro en los huesos” about
EAAF’s work. The Nuevo Periodismo
Iberoamericano Foundation, presided
over by Nobel Prize Laureate Gabriel
Garcia Marquez, provides awards
annually to an outstanding journalist
writing in Spanish.
“Rastro en los huesos” (“Traces in the
Bones”) was published in the Colombian
magazine Gatopardo in April 2008.
Clarín, one of the leading Argentine
newspapers, published the article as a
separate supplement after Guerreiro
received the award. The article cov-
ers EAAF’s work mostly in Argentina,
describing in detail the process leading
up to an identification. Guerreiro visited
the EAAF office in Buenos Aires every
day for three months. Guerreiro, when
referring to her article, said “the only
way of telling the complete story was to
wait and witness two key moments: the
exhumation of a corpse, and the return
of human remains to their rightful fam-
ily”. EAAF is extremely pleased for Leila,
and congratulates her on the award;
it was a pleasure to receive her in the
office and speak with her about the
team’s work over those three months.
Special Section: awards
cteRa – achievement and Recognition Distinction (2008)
Buenos Aires, 2008. The Confederation of Education Workers of the Argentinean Republic (CTERA) Achievement and Recognition Distinction given to EAAF for its work in forensic anthropology and its commitment to training and educational activities. Photo: EAAF.
204 | EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
The main activities of the ICRC’s
Forensic Unit include:
nAdvising forensic practitioners, insti-
tutions and other concerned stake-
holders worldwide on forensic best
practices, especially as they apply to
humanitarian purposes;
nSupporting the implementation of
forensic best practices for the recov-
ery, management and identification of
human remains from armed conflicts,
internal violence and catastrophes;
nTraining a wide range of practi-
tioners, from managers to field
operators, in forensic best practices
for preventing and resolving cases
involving the missing;
nSetting standards of forensic best
practices for humanitarian objectives;
nDeveloping tools for forensic prac-
titioners and related stakeholders
for investigations into the missing,
including specialized IT tools, body-
recovery equipment, etc.;
nEmpowering the forensic commu-
nity, including the improvement of
communication, coordination and
cooperation;
nCarrying out humanitarian forensic
case-work, including in catastrophe
situations.
Since their launch in 2003, the ICRC’s
forensic activities expanded from 3
to more than 40 operational contexts
around the world. The ICRC’s Forensic
Unit grew from 1 to 9 full-time forensic
specialists and it also employs a grow-
ing number of external forensic con-
sultants, including experts from EAAF.
EAAF, with its extensive experience in
investigating disappearances, partici-
pated actively in the 2003 Conference
and has since collaborated closely with
the ICRC’s Forensic Unit in a number of
activities around the world, including
advisory services, training, development
of tools and standards. Also, the ICRC
has supported EAAF’s participation in
some leading forensic events, including
international meetings and trainings. m
The Missing: Forensic activities of the international Committee of the Red Cross
For further information, reports, or interviews on ICRC’s forensic activities please consult: http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/(PSearch)?SearchView&Query=forensic&searchWv=
1&searchFuzzy=1&SearchOrder=1&SearchMax=0&style=Custo_results_search2 or contact the ICRC Forensic Unit at: [email protected].
F ollowing the 2003 International Conference on The Missing, organ-
ized by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in Geneva,
Switzerland, the organization acquired its own forensic expertise to help
promote and implement the recommendations from the Conference. These rec-
ommendations are related to the forensic sciences and human remains, to help
prevent and resolve the tragedy of the missing from armed conflicts, internal vio-
lence and natural catastrophes.
Special Section: the Missing
Tehran, Iran. EAAF member Mercedes Salado Puerto (third from left), along with geneticist William Goodwin (second from right), University of Central Lancashire, and participants in a course on the use of forensic anthropology and archaeology in identifying human remains, sponsored by the ICRC’s “The Missing” Project. Photo: EAAF.
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport | 205
DocUMentaRieS
Following Antigone (2002), co-pro-
duced by EAAF and WITNESS, provides
an overview of the application of foren-
sic sciences to human rights investiga-
tions by using footage of EAAF work
from Argentina, El Salvador, Ethiopia,
Haiti, and East Timor. Available on DVD
in Spanish, English, and Arabic.
The Last Place on Earth (2004), co-
produced by EAAF and Mambo Films,
documents the exhumation of the larg-
est dictatorship-era mass grave uncov-
ered thus far in Argentina, located in
San Vicente Cemetery, Córdoba. The
film traces the search and hopes of four
families of the disappeared. In Spanish.
Sr. Presidente (2006), directed by
Liliana Arraya and Eugina Monti, por-
trays the repression under the last
Argentine military dictatorship in the
northern city of Córdoba. In a letter
sent to then de facto President General
Videla in 1980, the city’s judicial morgue
employees described conditions in their
working environment. This included
information on the hundreds of uniden-
tified remains, many showing evidence
of gun shot wounds and torture, that
passed through their facility in the first
years of the dictatorship. Using this let-
ter as a connecting thread, several inter-
views with different individuals recon-
struct the past. Together they capture
the urgent search for truth in Argentina
recent history.
photo exhiBition
Curated in 1999, the traveling exhi-
bition illustrates how forensic anthro-
pology contributes to the investiga-
tion of human rights violations by
using EAAF cases in different coun-
tries. The catalogue is available online
at http://eaaf.typepad.com/eaaf_
traveling_photo/. A new edition of
the photo exhibition was produced in
2010, incorporating EAAF’s use of DNA
technologies in the Latin American
Initiative for the Identification of the
Disappeared (LIID).
BooKS
Tumbas Anónimas (Anonymous
Graves) describes the first foren-
sic searches for the “disappeared”
in Argentina under the leadership
of Dr. Clyde Snow, as well as EAAF’s
Documentation and OutreachVisual documentation and outreach activities are part of eaaF’s effort to
share the results of forensic investigations, along with the personal stories
accompanying them, to affected communities, associations of families of
victims, human rights organizations, related institutions, and society at large.
the team is proactive about distributing this material free of charge in argentina
and abroad, making editions in several languages, whenever possible.
Special Section: Documentation & outreach
206 | EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
formation and work from its incep-
tion in 1984 through 1992. Written by
EAAF consultant Mauricio Saldana and
EAAF; published in 1992.
San Vicente Cemetery, published in
2005, explains EAAF’s forensic inves-
tigations in San Vicente Cemetery,
Córdoba, which led to the uncovering
of the largest dictatorship-era mass
grave in Argentina. Edited by EAAF.
annUal RepoRtS
EAAF has published annual reports on
its activities since 1991, which describe
the team’s work in Argentina and
abroad, as well as special sections on
related material, and are close to 200
pages. The team also produced shorter
versions of its annual reports in 2006
and 2007. Also in 2009, EAAF pub-
lished a mini-report (with both Spanish
and English versions together) about
the planning and logistics involved in
launching the Latin American Initiative
to Identify the Disappeared (LIID) in
Argentina, a national genetics program
meant to dramatically increase the
identifications of disappeared persons.
WeBSite
Those interested can keep abreast of
EAAF news and recent missions, and
read more about each publication on
http://www.eaaf.org.
pReSentationS
Every year EAAF participates in con-
ferences and panel discussions, gives
presentations and classes, and leads
forensic anthropology workshops and
trainings in most countries in which
it is involved. These outreach activi-
ties are geared to a broad range of
people, from a specialized audience
in universities and medical legal insti-
tutes, to the general public, including
school children, families, and affected
communities.
aRticleS
In recent years, EAAF has made an
effort to write about the most sig-
nificant cases under investigation or
about our reflections on working as
forensic anthropologists in the human
rights field. Following are the scientific
papers and articles that the team has
published in peer-reviewed journals
and books since 2000.
Recent articles by eaaF members:
Vullo, C, A. Borosky, C. Romanini,
L. Catelli and T. Yamamoto. 2010.
Frequency data for 12 mini STR
loci in Argentina. Forensic Science
International: Genetics 4 (3).
Fondebrider, L. 2009. Forensic
Archaeology and Anthropology:
A Balance Sheet. In Memories from
Darkness: Archaeology of Repression
and Resistance in Latin America P.
Funari, A. Zarankin, M. Salerno. New
York, NY: Springer.
Catelli, L, C. Romanini, A. Borosky, M.
Salado Puerto, L. Prieto and C. Vullo.
2009. Common Mitochondrial
DNA Haplogroups Observed in an
Argentine Population Database
Sample. Forensic Science International:
Genetics Supplement Series 2 (1).
Doretti, M. and J. Burrell. 2008.
Forensic Anthropology in Peace
Support Operations. In Law
Enforcement Within the Framework of
Peace Support Operations. R. Arnold
(Ed.) Leiden, The Netherlands: Martinus
Nijhoff Publishers.
Egaña, S, S. Turner, M. Doretti, P. Bernardi
and A. Ginarte. 2008. Commingled
Skeletonized Remains and Human
Rights Investigations: Challenges
from the Field. In Recovery, Aalysis and
Identification of Commingled Human
Remains. B. Adams (Ed) Totowa, NJ:
Humana Press.
Special Section: Documentation & outreach
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport | 207
Salado, M. and L. Fondebrider. 2008.
El desarrollo de la antropología
forense en la Argentina. Cuadernos
de Medicina Forense 14 (53-54):
213-221.
Doretti, M. and J. Burrell. 2007. Forensic
Anthropology and Humanitarianism
in Peace Keeping Operations. In
Law Enforcement in Peace Keeping
Operations (PSO). R. Arnold (Ed.)
Ardsley, NY: Transnational Press.
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Special Section: Documentation & outreach
208 | EAAF 2007-2009 triAnnuAl rEport
Special Section: latin american Forensic anthropology association (alaF)
Argentine Forensic Anthropology TeamEqUIPO ARGENTINO DE ANTROPOLOGíA FORENSE
2007-2009 tRi-annUal RepoRtCovering the period January 2007 to December 2009
WRITERS: EAAF members Cecilia Ayerdi, Patricia Bernardi, Daniel Bustamante, Claudia Bisso, Mercedes
Doretti, Sofía Egaña, Luis Fondebrider, Anahí Ginarte, Miguel Nieva, Darío Olmo, Silvana Turner, Mercedes
Salado-Puerto and Carlos Somigliana; EAAF consultants Raymond Pettit, Brigitte Schmid, Ivana Wolff.
EAAF volunteers who assisted with fact checking, photo research, and proofreading include
Ronald Leiva, Liz Noth, Amarilla Sanders, Janet Summers, Liz Noth, Rachel Daniell and Elle Saine.
EDITORS AND TRANSLATORS: Mercedes Doretti, Raymond Pettit, and Brigitte Schmid
DESIGNER: Amy Thesing
FRONT COVER: Photos from laboratory analysis of bone fragments recovered during EAAF’s 2008
excavation of clandestine burials at the former CDC in the Arana Police Station, La Plata.
The EAAF 2007-2009 Triannual Report was sponsored by
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EAAF - Buenos AiresRivadavia 2443, 2do piso, dpto. 3 y 4(1034) Capital Federal, Argentinaphone: (54-11) 4951-8547fax: (54-11) 4954-6646email: [email protected]
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