latih excel Cookies Error

7/29/2019 latih excel Cookies Error

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Excelet

Investigating the Height of a Stack of Cookiesand Exploring Measurement Errors

Analysis ToolPak must be loaded for this spreadsheet to function.

Instructions are given on the last tab.

Click on the tabs below! Sinex, Gage, & Beck (2007)

The AMATYC Review 29 (1) click here
http://www.amatyc.org/publications/AMATYC-Review/Fall2007/index.htmhttp://www.amatyc.org/publications/AMATYC-Review/Fall2007/index.htm


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Investigating the height of a stack of cookies - Your measurements in centimeters!

Enter your data in the appropriate yellow cells in the table on the left.

number heightof cookies of stack

0 0.0 -0.07812 -0.06249

1 1.157761 0.926209 The regression line (blue),

2 2.4 2.393639 1.914911 equation, and r2 will appear

3 3.5 3.629517 2.903613 when data are entered.

4 4.865394 3.892316

5 6.1 6.101272 4.881018 If you don't have data

6 7.33715 5.86972 for a certain number

7 8.6 8.573028 6.858422 of cookies, leave the

8 9.808906 7.847125 cell blank.

9 11.04478 8.835827

10 12.3 12.28066 9.824529

Using the regression equation from the graph, the following can be calculated: change average thickness(the green line appears)

enter number of cookies = 20 predicted height of stack = 24.6 new slope 0.8 increase0.989 8

measured stack height = 50 predicted number of cookies = 40.5 decrease

Sinex, Gage, & Beck (2007)

y = 1.236x - 0.078R = 1.000

-2.0

0.0

2.04.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

0 2 4 6 8 10

heightofstack,cm

number of cookies


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Investigating the height of a stack of cookies

average cookie thickness = 1.24

number height constant proportional random

of cookies of stack error error error

0 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0

1 1.2 2.5 1.5 1.2

2 2.5 3.7 3.1 2.6

3 3.7 5.0 4.6 3.7

4 5.0 6.2 6.2 5.0

5 6.2 7.4 7.7 6.0

6 7.4 8.7 9.2 7.77 8.7 9.9 10.8 8.9

8 9.9 11.2 12.3 10.1

9 11.2 12.4 13.9 11.3

10 12.4 13.6 15.4 12.6

slope: 1.24 1.24 1.54 1.26 extra cookie = 1.24 spacer thickness = 0.3

intercept: 0.00 1.24 0.00 -0.03

r : 1.000 -- -- 0.999 Random Error

Values for regression lines fit to appropriate data. 0.031

31

The actual errors or differences are plotted on the next tab. none some


0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

0 2 4 6 8 10

he

ightofstack,cm

number of cookies


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Plotting the difference (this worksheet responses to changes from the error types worksheet)

number height constant proportional randomof cookies of stack error difference error difference error difference

0 0 1.24 1.24 0 0 0 0 0.000000

1 1.2 2.5 1.24 1.5 0.3 1.2 0.0 0.000000

2 2.5 3.7 1.24 3.1 0.6 2.6 0.1 0.124000

3 3.7 5.0 1.24 4.6 0.9 3.7 0.0 -0.031000

4 5.0 6.2 1.24 6.2 1.2 5.0 0.0 0.031000

5 6.2 7.4 1.24 7.7 1.5 6.0 -0.2 -0.248000

6 7.4 8.7 1.24 9.2 1.8 7.7 0.2 0.217000

7 8.7 9.9 1.24 10.8 2.1 8.9 0.2 0.217000

8 9.9 11.2 1.24 12.3 2.4 10.1 0.2 0.186000

9 11.2 12.4 1.24 13.9 2.7 11.3 0.1 0.124000

10 12.4 13.6 1.24 15.4 3 12.6 0.2 0.155000

difference = constant error - height of stack mean random error difference = 0.07

(should be zero or very close)

difference = proportional error - height of stack

difference = random error -height of stack


-0.5

00.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

0 2 4 6 8 10

difference

number of cookies


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Would this ruler cause any problems? If so, what?


systematic or determinantor commonly called bias

random orindeterminant

constant proportional

errorcan be discoveredand corrected or

controlled, such asmis-calibratedmeasuring devices

can be minimizedby replicate

measurements - nocontrol over

influences the intercept influences the slope

causes scatter in the datar2 < 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10


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Combination of errors (this worksheet responses to changes from the error types worksheet)

number height constant proportionalof cookies of stack error difference error difference

0 0 1.2 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.000000

1 1.2 2.5 1.2 1.6 0.3 0.000000

2 2.5 3.7 1.3 3.1 0.6 0.000000

3 3.7 5.0 1.2 4.6 0.9 0.000000

4 5.0 6.2 1.2 6.1 1.2 0.000000

5 6.2 7.4 1.2 7.7 1.5 0.000000

6 7.4 8.7 1.3 9.3 1.8 0.0000007 8.7 9.9 1.2 10.8 2.1 0.000000

8 9.9 11.2 1.3 12.3 2.4 0.000000

9 11.2 12.4 1.2 13.9 2.7 0.000000

10 12.4 13.6 1.2 15.4 3.0 0.000000

r2 = 1.000 r2 = 1.000

These r2 values are for the appropriate stack height as a difference = constant error - height of stack

function of the number of cookies graph (not shown).

Random Error difference = proportional error - height of stack

0.002

2

none some

This is a new random error generator connected to the constant and proportional errors.


-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

0 2 4 6 8 10

d

ifference

number of cookies


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Building a comparison graph

Enter data in yellow cells; points, x = y, and regression lines will appear. regression between devices

Device 1 Device 2

0 slope = #DIV/0!

0

0 intercept = #DIV/0!

0

0 r = #N/A

0

0 This plot allows you

0 to identify the type

0 of error between two0 devices, methods, or analysts.

regression line x = y line ----

You can relabel the device columns (green headings) and the axes labels by turning the protection off under Tools.


0

2

0 2

Device2

Device 1


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then select

close Excel and reopen!

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