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Large Atmospheric Storage Tank FiresLarge Atmospheric Storage Tank FiresLarge Atmospheric Storage Tank FiresLarge Atmospheric Storage Tank Fires

An industry consortium of international oil companiesAn industry consortium of international oil companies

Objectives of original studyObjectives of original study• Determine current levels of riskDetermine current levels of risk• Establish Design & Operational Establish Design & Operational

Practice & make knowledge Practice & make knowledge available throughout industryavailable throughout industry

• Establish techniques to Establish techniques to determine site- specific levels determine site- specific levels of risk and identify appropriate of risk and identify appropriate & cost-effective risk reduction & cost-effective risk reduction measuresmeasures

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Objectives of update studyObjectives of update study

To continue To continue LASTFIRELASTFIRE’s role ’s role as the established recognised as the established recognised

international oil companies international oil companies forum on best practices offorum on best practices of

Fire Hazard ManagementFire Hazard Management

of Storage Tanksof Storage Tanks

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FIRE HAZARD MANAGEMENTFIRE HAZARD MANAGEMENT

FireScenarioAnalysis

Incident DescriptionsIncident Descriptions

CONSEQUENCESCONSEQUENCESLife SafetyLife Safety

EnvironmentEnvironmentBusiness InterruptionBusiness Interruption

Asset ValueAsset ValueOther IssuesOther Issues

HAZOPHAZOPQRAQRA

INCIDENT EXPERIENCEINCIDENT EXPERIENCE

Ignition SourcesIgnition Sources

Hazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials

Compare RiskReductionOptions

FIRE ENGINEERINGFIRE ENGINEERINGFIRE MODELLINGFIRE MODELLING

COST BENEFIT ANALYSISCOST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

Evaluate AlternativeEvaluate AlternativePrevention, ProtectionPrevention, Protection& Mitigation Measures & Mitigation Measures

DefineFHM

Policy

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FormalisationFormalisation

LegislationLegislation

Implement

DESIGN STANDARDSDESIGN STANDARDSCODES OF PRACTICECODES OF PRACTICE

Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance

PreplanningPreplanning

ExercisesExercises

Fire TrainingFire Training

UpdateUpdate

PROJECT DELIVERABLESPROJECT DELIVERABLESLASTFIRELASTFIRE

FireScenarioAnalysis

Compare RiskReductionOptions

DefineFHM

PolicyImplement

IncidentFrequency

Survey

Direct inputDirect input

Indirect inputIndirect input

EscalationMechanism

Analysis

RiskReductionOptions

FoamRevie

w

Risk Workbook

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Involvement - Existing Involvement - Existing and Future Benefitsand Future Benefits

Involvement/BenefitsInvolvement/Benefits

•Direct involvement in Direct involvement in development of latest development of latest practices, codes and standardspractices, codes and standards•LASTFIRE Risk Reduction OptionsLASTFIRE Risk Reduction Options•Energy Institute IP19Energy Institute IP19•EI / API Lightning StudyEI / API Lightning Study

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Technical input & reviewTechnical input & review

Involvement/BenefitsInvolvement/Benefits

•Contribution to LASTFIRE Contribution to LASTFIRE Incident database Incident database (anonymously)(anonymously)•Most comprehensive statistical Most comprehensive statistical database for tank fires and tank database for tank fires and tank related incidentsrelated incidents

•Used for input into safety cases Used for input into safety cases and hazard assessmentsand hazard assessments

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Database continually updatedDatabase continually updated

Involvement/BenefitsInvolvement/Benefits

•Practical guidance on Practical guidance on implementation of FEHM implementation of FEHM MeasuresMeasures•Risk Reduction Options DocumentRisk Reduction Options Document•What are the cost effective FEHM What are the cost effective FEHM measuresmeasures

•What are typical & best practicesWhat are typical & best practices

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Incident prevention, detection, Incident prevention, detection, protection and responseprotection and response

For Example:For Example:

•Linear Heat DetectionLinear Heat Detection•Pneumatic vs. ElectricalPneumatic vs. Electrical•Specification considerationsSpecification considerations•Practical experience based Practical experience based guidanceguidance

•New developments in New developments in detection detection

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LASTFIRE members participate in an International forum for tank Fire Hazard Management and related issues and receive the latest technical information on fire prevention, detection, protection and response measures, as well as that relating to international codes and standards. These include the latest foam standards and Fire Hazard Management codes of practice. Through LASTFIRE, members also actively participate in the latest research into extreme tank fire events such as Boilover, and current issues such as fires in internal floating roof tanks.

LASTFIRE members participate in an International forum for tank Fire Hazard Management and related issues and receive the latest technical information on fire prevention, detection, protection and response measures, as well as that relating to international codes and standards. These include the latest foam standards and Fire Hazard Management codes of practice. Through LASTFIRE, members also actively participate in the latest research into extreme tank fire events such as Boilover, and current issues such as fires in internal floating roof tanks.

Research – Boilovers Research – Boilovers •Access to boilover study data and Access to boilover study data and

analyses – largest database on BOanalyses – largest database on BO•Access to information on boilover Access to information on boilover

probability/consequencesprobability/consequences•Development of safe, cost-Development of safe, cost-

effective practical guidance on effective practical guidance on boilover prevention, mitigation boilover prevention, mitigation and fire fighting strategies and fire fighting strategies

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