Laser ignition in IC Engines
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Transcript of Laser ignition in IC Engines
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Laser Fired Futuristic Internal Combustion
Engines
Presented by: Ankush W.
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Laser Ignition
o An alternative solution to standard spark plug is the use of pulsed laser, focused to create plasma, representing the laser ignition.
o Laser ignition, or laser-induced ignition, is the process of starting combustion by the stimulus of a laser light source.
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Why Laser Ignition?
• Regulations on Nox emissions have continue to force operation of natural gas engines to leaner AFR
• Due to Increased Ignition Coil Energy, Spark Plug Service Life Is Very Low for Natural Gas Engines
• Ignition Sites of Spark Plug Ignition Are Fixed Within the Combustion Chamber
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Principle of Laser Ignition
mixture burning
focused laser beam
Plasma
flame kernel
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Combustion chamber window
• Core component of laser ignition system.
• Burning free effect occurs
• Singular window test show that optical window can be used efficiently for 1000hrs
Fig 2: Combustion chamber window
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Advantages of Laser Ignition
• Arbitrary positioning of the ignition plasma within combustion chamber
• Absence of spark
• No disturbance of the flow-field
• Absence of erosion effects (durability)
• Precise ignition timing
• Simpler regulation of the ignition energy
• Significant reduction in fuel consumption
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• Unlike conventional spark ignition, high pressure requires lower energy for breakdown
• Reduction in exhausts by 20% mainly NOX
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• easier possibility of multipoint ignition
• shorter ignition delay time and shorter combustion time
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Various stages of plasma growth
Nd:YAG laser- wavelength=1064nm; beam dia = 6mm
6 ns
7 ns
8 ns
9 ns
10 ns
11 ns
12 ns
13 ns
14 ns
15 ns
16 ns
18 ns
20 ns
22 ns
25 ns
30 ns
35 ns
40 ns
45 ns
50 ns
60 ns
70 ns
80 ns
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Laser Arrangement
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Experimental setup
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Research enginewith theq-switched Nd:YAG laser system (top)
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Laser spark plug
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Direct comparisonlaser ignition – spark plug ignition
Laser ignition
Spark plug ignition
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Technology status
Ford and the University of Liverpool are working on a new laser ignition system for automobiles.
Ford plans to implement the new technology into its top of the range vehicles within the next few years !!
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Conclusion
Plasma had the maximum emission peak 30ns after the laser was firedand laser plasma UV-emission persisted forabout 80 ns
Minimum laser pulse energy (MPE) forignition is decreases withincreasing initial pressure
The time of pressure rise in case of laserignition is shorter than thespark ignition
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Challenges
• Propagation of laser pulse through fiber optics (d >300μm)
• Develope a compact, robust and economic laser source
• Concept proven, but no commercial system available yet.
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References
• International Journal of Modern Engineering Research
• www.laser.org.uk
• Engineersworldonline.com
• www.ijmer.com
• Wikipedia.com
• C. DeMichelis, “Laser induced gas breakdown: A bibliographical review,” IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 5(4)
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Thank you !!!