LARYNX REVIEW: LOCATION LARYNGEAL PROMINENCE OF THYROID CARTILAGE = ADAM'S APPLE - LEVEL C4 HYOID...
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Transcript of LARYNX REVIEW: LOCATION LARYNGEAL PROMINENCE OF THYROID CARTILAGE = ADAM'S APPLE - LEVEL C4 HYOID...
LARYNX REVIEW: LOCATION
LARYNGEALPROMINENCE OF THYROID CARTILAGE =ADAM'SAPPLE - LEVELC4
HYOID BONE
TRACHEA
THRYOID GLAND
Larynx Functions- produces sound- regulates opening to trachea, respiratory system
STERNOCLEIDO-MASTOID MUSCLE
CLINICAL - OBSTRUCTION OF LARYNX CAN PRODUCE SUFFOCATION
LARYNX: IMAGINGCADAVER SECTION CT SECTION
LARYNX
PHARYNX +ESOPHAGUS
LARYNX
COMMONCAROTID A.,IJV
BODIESOF CERVICALVERTEBRAE
CLINICAL: PALPATE CAROTID BIFURCATION LATERAL TO LARYNGEAL PROMINENCE- NERVES TO LARYNX CAN BE DAMAGED DURING CERVICAL DISC REPAIR
LARYNX REVIEW: CARTILAGES
THYROID CARTILAGE - shield shaped - has Sup. and Inf. Horns- Laryngeal prominence
CRICOID = signet ring - complete ring of cartilage- narrow Arch ant., broad Lamina post.
ARYTENOID - 2 pyramidal shaped cartilages above lamina of cricoid
Sup. Horn
Laryngeal prominence= Adam'sapple
Inf. Horn
Arytenoid
Cricoid
lamina
CorniculateCartilages
HINGEJOINT
JOINTS PERMIT ROTATION AND SLIDING: - OPEN OR CLOSE LARYNX (ABDUCT OR ADDUCT VOCAL LIGAMENTS)
SYNOVIALJOINT BETWEEN ARYTENOID AND CRICOID
LARYNX REVIEW: SYNOVIAL JOINTS
THYROID and CRICOID ARYTENOID and CRICOID
JOINTS PERMIT TILTING OF THYROID-CRICOID:- CHANGE PITCH OF SOUND (TENSE OR RELAX VOCALLIGAMENTS)
SLIDING
ROTATION
TILT
SOUND PRODUCTION: CONUS ELASTICUS
CONUS ELASTICUS -= INTERNAL ELASTIC MEMBRANE ATTACHED TO CRIOCID; UPPER FREE EDGES = VOCALLIGAMENTS
VOCAL LIGAMENTS EXTEND FROM ARYTENOID TO THYROID, ACROSSTWO JOINTS
CONUS ELASTICUS
VOCAL LIGAMENTS = FREE EDGE OF CONUS
RIMA GLOTTIDIS = opening
top view
CHANGE PITCH BY TILTING AT HINGE JOINT –Thyroid cartilage tilts down; cricoid tilts up
HINGEJOINT
HINGEJOINT
Tilting - STRETCHESvocal ligaments
STRETCH vocal ligament INCREASE PITCH -CRICOTHYROID
RELAX vocal ligamentDECREASE PITCH -THYROARYTENOID
THYROID
CRICOID
ARYTENOID
CRICOTHYROID M. - Tenses Vocal Ligament Increasing Pitch
HINGEJOINT
Tilting - STRETCHESvocal ligaments
STRETCH vocal ligament INCREASE PITCH -CRICOTHYROID
MUSCLES OF LARYNX
THYROARYTENOIDMUSCLES - adjacent to vocal ligament -RelaxesVocal LigamentsDecreases pitch
HINGEJOINT
RELAX vocal ligamentDECREASE PITCH -THYROARYTENOID
THYROID
CRICOID
MUSCLES OF LARYNX NOTSEE
OPEN AND CLOSE RIMA GLOTTIDIS BYROTATING/SLIDING ARYTENOIDS -
Rotate laterally opens; Rotate medially or slide closes
POSTERIORCRICO-ARYTENOID
LATERALCRICO-ARYTENOID
ARYTENOIDEUS
ROTATELATERALLY
ROTATEMEDIALLY
SLIDE
RESTPOSITION
OPEN CLOSE CLOSE
Larynx open for deep breathing; close for speech; completely close to raise abdominal pressure (Valsalva maneuver)
5) ARYTENOID (Transverse and oblique arytenoid) - Adduct vocal folds4) LATERAL CRICO- ARYTENOID - Adduct vocal folds
3) POSTERIOR CRICO-ARYTENOID – Abducts vocal fold
MUSCLES OF LARYNX
Adduct closes rima glottidisAbduct opens rima glottidisPOSTERIOR
CRICO-ARYTENOID
LATERALCRICO-ARYTENOID
ARYTENOIDEUS
Epiglottis
Post.
Ant.Tongue
Vocal Folds(true vocalfolds)
LARYNGOSCOPE VIEW OF LARYNX
Vestibular Folds(false vocalfolds)
Corniculate cartilage
Cuneiform cartilage
Pyriform recess
NOSE
VIEW FOR INTUBATION
VESTIBULE - inlet above false vocal folds
VESTIBULAR (FALSE VOCAL) FOLDS - overlie vestibular ligaments (lower edge of Quadrangular membrane)
VOCAL (TRUE VOCAL) FOLDS - overlie vocal ligaments (upper edge of Conus elasticus)
Conus elasticus
Quadrangular membrane
VENTRICLE - lateral outpocketing
CORONAL SECTION
CLINICAL - MUCOSA SWELLS IN ANAPHYLAXIS; OBSTRUCTION CAN RESULT FROM SWELLING AT VESTIBULAR (FALSE VOCAL FOLDS)
1) Superior Laryngeal N.a) Internal Laryngeal N.Visceral Sensory (GVA) to LarynxAbove (true vocal folds)b) External Laryngeal N.Branchial motor (SVE) to
Cricothyroid
2) Recurrent Laryngeal n.- Visceral Sensory (GVA) to Larynx Below True Vocal Folds- Branchial motor (SVE) to all other Muscles of Larynx
SUP. LARYNG. N.
RECURRENTLARYNG. N.
Int. Laryng. N.
Ext. Laryng. N.
NERVES OF LARYNX – Branches of Vagus
Clinical - damage to RecurrentLaryngeal nerve in Thyroid surgery
NERVES OF LARYNX – Branches of Vagus
X X
SUPERIORLARYNGEALNERVE - piercesthyrohyoidmembrane
RIGHTRECURRENTLARYNGEALNERVE - passesunderSubclavianArtery
LEFTRECURRENTLARYNGEALNERVE - passesunderArch ofAorta
SUPERIORLARYNGEALNERVE
CLINICAL - IN OBSTRUCTION OF LARYNX, EMERGENCY OPENING MADE IN CRICOTHYROID MEMBRANE (CRICOTHYROTOMY); AVOIDS BLLEDING THAT CAN OCCUR IN TRACHEOTOMY (FROM INFERIOR THYROID VEINS)
Cricothyroid Membrane
OBSTRUCTION OF LARYNX: CRICOTHYROTOMY