Language and the Internet - Netspeak - Finding Identity
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Language and the Internet
CHAPTER: THREE
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Finding an Identity
Chap 3
*Nadia Amaghou*Abdelhamid Bousaadi
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HOW IS THE LINGUISTIC IDENTITY OF NETSPEAK UNCERTAIN ?
a) WHAT IS PERSCRIPTIVISM ?
b) WHAT IS DESCRIPTIVISM ?
c) WHAT IS BEST ?
WHAT COUNTS AS ACCEPTABLE IN NETSPEAK ?
a) WHAT ARE THE “HACKER ETHICS” ?
b) WHY AREN’T THEY APLICABLE ?
Nadia
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WHY DO WE NEED A CHAPTER ON IDENTIY?
?
“Language is a central feature of human identity. When we hear someone speak, we immediately make guesses about gender, education level, age, profession, and place of origin. Beyond this individual matter, a language is a powerful symbol of national and ethnic identity. (Spolsky, 1999, p. 181)”
LANGUAGE???
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Finding an identity
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- The uncertain identity of Netspeak is reflected in the confusion of the users of the internet .
- As a result, people look for guidance.
- This leads to some kind of prespectivism which has started to emerge.
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What is prescriptivism ?
• « The view that one variety of language has an inherently higher value than others . »
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What is descriptive ?
• discribes the variations on an even ground.
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Refers to the structure of a language as it is actually used by
speakers and writers
Refers to the structure of a language as certain people think it should be used.
Descriptive Prescriptive
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Prescriptivism vs descriptivism
• An interesting comparison: Samuel Johnson's dictionary and Wired Style
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Two Online Dictionnaires
?
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• Wired Style: « when does jargon end and a new vernacular begin?
• Samuel Johnson’s dictionary: «no lexicographer shall imagine that his dictionary can embalm his language, and secure it from corruption and decay. »
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CONCLUSION
• « Most of the netspeak authors are aware of the importence of grounding their work in descriptive reality. »
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• What counts as acceptable Netspeak ?
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Internet users are very creative. The rate at which terms are being Coined has no parallel in any language.
Coining words has at least two objectives: overcome the limitations of the electronic medium and entertainment.
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The hacker ethic
• The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good.
• The belief that system-cracking for fun and exploration is ethically OK.
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« If real internet communities are relatively small-scale, they will demonstrate their solidarity by evolving measure of identity, some of which will be nonlinguistic and some linguistic in character »
Shared Values
Jargon
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OUTSIDERS
?
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The future of the Netspeak is bound to..
1- the extent to which hacker-originated language has developed a sufficiently stable identity for internet useres.
2- the users’ production of new fresh linguistic directions, evolving norms of stylistics usage which owe nothing to hacker origines.
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Making the rules explicit
Abdelhamid
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Some features of Netspeak
One of the most obvious features of Netspeak is the lexiconthat belongs to the internet.
CRYSTAL (2001: 81)
internetlexicon
Binary, Computer, Cable, disk, bit ???
jargon of science
and technology
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=> Internet restricted situations
Software options and commands Software Error messagesComputer hardwareThe Population of the internet
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“Any style guide which promotes one variety of language at the expense of another is prescriptive”
David Crystal
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-1- Software options and commands Look at page bellow
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-2- Software Error messages
Error
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Illegal Operation
-2- Software Error messages
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-2- Error messagesForbidden
protocol
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-2- Error messages404 Not
found
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-3- Computer Hardware
Windows 95
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-3- Computer Hardware
Windows 95
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-3- Computer Hardware
Windows 7
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-4- Population of Internet users
NetizensNetters
Nerds
Surfersboz
os
Wizards
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mouse click+ = mouseclick
mouse + pad mousepad=
through+click clickthrough
click+per+cost
=
= Cost-per-click
A-Compounding
Creating Internet neologisms
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B-AffexationPrefixese + mail =
cyber
+
link
hyper + text
Creating Internet neologisms
e book
hyper +
sex+
=
=
=
=
E-bookHypertext
Hyperlink
Cybersexcyber + squatter = Cybersquatter
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hardware winnitude
-ware -itude
geekitude
-ity
Suffixes
Creating Internet neologismsB-Affexation
software
brevity
obviousity
Suffi x extending
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C-Blending
data
Information + net
program
Internet etiquette
Internet citizen
datagram
infonet
netiquette
Netizen
Creating Internet neologisms
+
+
+
=
=
=
=
You want a ride? Then answer this
Meet me at:*%@ street,
24$//x 2 near d McOm @C u 2n8
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Creating Internet neologismsD-Acronyms
http Hypertext Transfer Protocol
lol Laughing out Loud
btw By the Way
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Some features of Netspeak
Another feature of Netspeak
is . graphology
CRYSTAL (2001: 87)
Capitalization
punctuationBicapitalization
Emotional expressions
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Capitalization anb Bicapitalization
emphasis
Don’t drink it! It’s bad
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Punctuation and Emotional Expressions
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Exercice
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Conclusion
THANK YOU