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LANDSCAPE DESIGN 8

8.3 LANDSCAPE CONCEPT DESIGN SECTIONS

Refer to Figure 8.3.1 - 8.3.12 and refer to Landscape Plans for locations

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Ground-covers

Ground-covers

Ground-covers

Shared Path Path

Easement

Turning Lane Northbound Carriageway Southbound Carriageway Median Bus Stop

Cycle Lane

Cycle Lane Native Vegetation to Fenceline

Rai

lcor

p B

ound

ary

Existing Water Main,

py

Hig

h Po

wer

ele

ctric

ity tr

ansm

issi

on L

ines

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Shared Path with Bus Shelter Existing Vegetation

NorthboundCarriageway

SouthboundCarriageway

Existing Culvert to Remain

Median Turning LaneCycle Lane

ShoulderBus Lane Existing Vegetation

Rai

lcor

p B

ound

ary

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

( A

djus

ted)

Hig

h Po

wer

ele

ctric

ity tr

ansm

issi

on L

ines

Existing GroundShown DashedExisting Ground

Shown Dashed

Existing Water Main

Figure 8.3.1 Section A at Stn 760

Figure 8.3.2 Section B at Stn 870

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LANDSCAPE DESIGN 8

Hig

h Po

wer

ele

ctric

ity tr

ansm

issi

on L

ines

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Consider planting to base of wall

Native Groundcovers

with turf Northbound Carriageway Southbound CarriagewayFrangible Shrubs

in Median Shared Path Shrubs

Turf Local Road ( cul-de-sac turning circle) Native Planting Existing Vegetation

Shoulder

Shoulder

Existing Water Main

Rai

lcor

p B

ound

ary

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

Hig

h Po

wer

ele

ctric

ity tr

ansm

issi

on L

ines

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Consider planting to base of wall

Shrubs and Groundcovers

Shrubs and Groundcovers

Native Groundcovers

with turf Northbound Carriageway Southbound Carriageway

Frangible Shrubs in Median Shared Path VergeTurfed

strip Local Road Native Planting Existing Vegetation

Shoulder

Shoulder

Existing Water Main

Figure 8.3.3 Section C at Stn 940

Figure 8.3.4 Section D at Stn 980

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Rai

lcor

p B

ound

ary

cons

erva

tion

Are

a

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Feature Planting, Shrubs and Groundcovers Reinstate Native Vegetation Northbound Carriageway Southbound CarriagewayMedian Shared Path Verge Native Planting

Shoulder

Bus Lane

Cycle Lane

Bus Lane

Existing Water Main

Rai

lcor

p B

ound

ary

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

Hig

h Po

wer

ele

ctric

ity tr

ansm

issi

on L

ines

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Turfed Swale with Native Grasses and Scattered Trees

Native Groundcovers

with turf Northbound Carriageway Southbound CarriagewayFrangible Shrubs

in Median Shared Path Verge Local RoadTurf Strip Native Planting Existing Vegetation

Shoulder

Shoulder

Existing Water Main

Figure 8.3.5 Section E at Stn 1060

Figure 8.3.6 Section F at Stn 1260

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LANDSCAPE DESIGN 8

Shared Path

Verge, Native

Grasses

Verge, Native

Grasses

Verge, Native

GrassesNorthbound Carriageway Southbound CarriagewayShoulder Shoulder Native Grasses and Groundcovers with Scattered Trees

Rai

lcor

p

Con

serv

atio

n A

rea

Vegetated Swale

Median

Vegetated Swale with

Native Species

Re-instated Native

Vegetation

Existing Ground Shown Dashed Existing Water Main

Rai

lcor

p (A

djus

ted)

Con

serv

atio

n A

rea

( Wat

er C

atch

men

t)

Re-instated Native Vegetation

Existing GroundShown Dashed Existing Water Main

Shared Path Verge Verge

Northbound Carriageway Southbound CarriagewayShoulder Shoulder

Native vegetation with Scattered TreesVegetated

Swale Median

Figure 8.3.7 Section G at Stn 1440

Figure 8.3.8 Section H at Stn 1640

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Shared Path Verge Northbound Carriageway Southbound Carriageway Shoulder Shoulder Native vegetation with Scattered Trees

Rai

lcor

p

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

Vegetated Swale MedianVegetated Swale with Native Species

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Rai

lcor

p B

ound

ary

Con

serv

atio

n A

rea

Wat

er C

atch

men

t

Shared Path Northbound Carriageway

New Northbound Road Bridge New Southbound Road Bridge

Southbound Carriageway Existing vegetationExisting Vegetation, Revegetation if required, Native grasses,

groundcovers and scattered trees

100 Year Flood Level

Existing Vegetation

Revegetated Creek Bed with Scour

Protection

Existing GroundShown Dashed Existing Water Main

Cut Rock Creek

Figure 8.3.9 Section I at Stn 1700

Figure 8.3.10 Section J at Stn 1820

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LANDSCAPE DESIGN 8

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

Feature planting with native shrubs Northbound Carriageway Southbound Carriageway

Cyclist Lane Bus Stop

Cyclist Lane Turning Lane Bus Stop Path Service Road

Native Groundcovers with Scattered Trees

Groundcovers

Ground coversShared Path

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Park

con

tinue

s be

yond

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

( A

djus

ted)

Make good of existing turf with

street trees

Native Grasses, Groundcovers and

Scattered Trees Service RoadExisting Vegetation

Turf to match

existingExisting Vegetation

Existing Park

Access Northbound Carriageway Southbound CarriagewayMedian Turning LaneTurning LaneCyclist Lane

Shared Path Shoulder

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Figure 8.3.11 Section K at Stn 1980

Figure 8.3.12 Section L at Stn 2110

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Priv

ate

Pro

perty

Easement

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

( A

djus

ted)

Native Groundcovers Northbound Carriageway Southbound Carriageway

Shared Path

Shoulder Shoulder Service Road

Turf with Street Trees

Planted Median with Safety Fence

Ground covers with Street Trees

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

(Hot

el)

Priv

ate

Pro

perty

( A

djus

ted)

Native Groundcovers

with Street TreesNative

Groundcovers Northbound Carriageway Southbound Carriageway

Planted Median with Safety Fence

Shared Path

Ground covers with Street Trees

Shoulder Shoulder

Existing GroundShown Dashed

Figure 8.3.13 Section M at Stn 2160

Figure 8.3.14 Section N at Stn 2220

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LANDSCAPE DESIGN 8

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8.4 ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DESIGN (ESD) PRINCIPLES

– Where possible utilise naturally low lying areas for detention basins, if required.

– Consider the reuse of captured water for the irrigation of the landscaping during the establishment period and by passive means such as slowing cross flow stormwater to allow it to infiltrate slowly into the soil profile .

– Reuse existing good quality topsoil in planting areas and as the top layers of soil on batters to reduce the amount of imported material used on site.

– Use grindings from native trees removed from the site for mulch in landscaped areas.

– Use plants and materials that are sourced locally where possible.

– Use plants from the local plant communities . These are less likely to require maintenance. .

8.5 WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN (WSUD) PRINCIPLES

– Where space and gradients allow, incorporate landscaped open drainage swales along the edges of the road.

– Where possible, incorporate drainage swales in depressed landscaped medians and use macrophyte/sedge plantings to provide enhanced water quality function.

– Review super elevation so water runoff to planted swales can be maximised. Less kerb and more gravel/grass verges will help maintain/reinforce the local character.

– Basins to be shallow (or otherwise designed) to avoid the need for safety fencing.

– Eliminate, where possible, concrete lined channels and hard engineering to basins. Implement soft engineering principles in the drainage design.

– Incorporate Water Sensitive Urban Design into the drainage solution where practicable.

Swale drains have been incorporated at the following locations;

1. Turfed swale at the northern corner of Ourimbah Street

2. Turfed swale alongside shared path at Stations 950-1080

3. Planted swales in landscaped areas draining to Cut Rock Creek on the western side of the highway from 1320-1540 with macrophyte planting in the invert of swale

4. Planted swale on the eastern side of the highway draining to Cut Rock Creek at Stations 1830-1900

5. Grassed swale behind the shared path at Lions Park at Stations 1900-2000

6. An RT kerb, or concrete swale has been proposed between Stations 1790-1870. It is recommended that this be a grassed swale for both environmental reasons and improved visual amenity.

Each of these carry out a water quality function by filtering sediment and slowing flows to the creek system

8.6 ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION

Draft Ecological Assessment prepared by Hyder for Stages 3A and 3B – Railway Crescent Lisarow to Glen Road Ourimbah (Sept 2009) proposes mitigation measures to safeguard biodiversity within the study area including a recommendation to include an ecological restoration program involving locally endemic flora. The 100% Landscape Concept Plan proposes that the landscape zone to the west of the highway between Stations 1300 to 1850 qualifies for such treatment for the following reasons;

1. This area incorporates the Cut Rock Creek riparian corridor and connects to the Freshwater Typha Wetland;

2. It is connected to a significant patch of remnant bushland between Teralba Street and Cut Rock Creek;

3. Specimens of Melaleuca biconvexa occur in this section, with retaining structures proposed to protect them. Further plantings of M. biconvexa in this area will ensure that there is no net loss (and in fact an increase. The Ecological Assessment proposes an offset strategy of at least three times should be adopted)) of canopy cover of this endangered species;

4. It is largely weed infested and requires extensive weed control measures; in any case;

5. The shared path winds through this area. Ecological restoration will provide an attractive setting for the path and relief from proximity to the highway as it traverses this zone, and be a community asset.

6. The vegetation will also serve a water quality function with swale drainage proposed for this area. The proposed cross-section creates a micro-environment suited to the Swamp Sclerophyll Forest Vegetation Community.

7. The proposed zone is approximately 10-20m wide and 500m long or close to 0.7 hectares

.

The proposed planting for this area will consist of a canopy comprising Swamp Mahogany, Bangalay, M. biconvexa, Cabbage Tree and Bangalow Palms, a mid story of rainforest trees and shrubs (largely to the rear to ensure passive surveillance for the shared path) and an understorey of sedges (in swales) and tussock plants (on embankments). All plants will be endemic species and ideally from locally sourced propagules.

Integrated Bush Management within Ecological Restoration Zone

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PLANTING 9

9 PLANTING

9.1 PLANTING PRINCIPLES

– Incorporate indigenous plant species within the highway corridor that are consistent with those adjacent to the highway;

– Planting at and around intersections, bus stops and pedestrian crossings should be local indigenous species grouped in visually interested formations.

– Planting adjacent to remnant bushland should reflect the composition of the vegetation community to enhance the physical and visual connectivity.

– In feature areas, trees and shrubs should be planted as advanced stock to quickly achieve an established landscape effect. Trees shall be a minimum 25L pot size.

– Position all new trees with a trunk diameter or potential trunk diameter greater than 100mm outside of the RTA specified clear zone.

– Street tree species in the Ourimbah township are to match in scale the street tree variety used in the Stage 2 Glen Road to Burns Road Upgrade.

– Establish new Swamp Mahogany, Allocasuarina littoralis and other diagnostic trees, shrubs and groundcovers plantings from the Swamp Sclerophyll Forest through the upgrade to establish a green corridor and to re-establish fauna corridors and crossings.

– Low planting at road edges to accommodate necessary sight lines and clear zones. Planting is to provide screening for the residential properties from the visual impacts of the road and rail corridors.

– Median planting to consider maintenance access, visibility, and will be frangible and non-wildlife attracting species to minimise wildlife roadkill.

– Sedges and other plants from the Alluvial Paperbark Sedge Forest capable of withstanding periodic inundation have been used in these medians wales. These will perform a water quality function, as well as headlight screening and respond to the surrounding context. Frangible species include Callistemon shiressii, Banksia spinulosa, and Melaleuca sieberi and the sedges Baumea sp, Juncus sp. and Schoenus sp.

– Planting to consist of large expanses of the same species to simplify maintenance and provide a minimal yet effective visual appearance.

– The endangered species Melaleuca biconvexa may be removed as a result of the upgrade. Identified specimens could be transplanted, however it would be most appropriate to implement a propagation strategy (nursery grown by seeds or cuttings) to provide specimens of the species for replanting the upgrade. Propagation material should come from the existing trees to ensure endemism. The result should be a three times increase to ensure a long term net gain of M. biconvexa within the study area.

– Other species (eg; Callistemon spp. & Syzygium paniculatum) could also be transplanted, however they occur amongst other plants which makes transplanting a difficult process with low success rates. Facilitate a propagation programme of endemic species required.

– Existing road pavement where planting occurs is to removed and the subgrade ripped, following by soil preparation as for other areas.

– Plant sourcing and propogation should commence well ahead of the proposed construction programme.

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9.2 PLANTING PALETTE

This floristic diversity of the study area contributes to the character of the various landscape precincts identified in the landscape analysis. It also provides all of the trees, palms, shrubs, groundcovers and sedges required for specific uses (such as screening, filtering and erosion control, median planting and feature trees) throughout the alignment. Many of the component species are superior and well-regarded ornamental species. For these reasons we have not found it necessary to include any exotic plantings in the project.

Notable species from the existing vegetation communities through which the alignment passes and which are likely to be proposed in the final design include:

Species Common Name

Freshwater Typha Wetland

Swales, Creek Crossings and

Bioretention Basins

Coastal Narabeen Moist Forest

Dora St Shops to End of Cemetery Station

300-630

Alluvial Paperbark Sedge Forest

Station 630-1850

Ourimbah township Station 1850-2350

Tall Trees

Allocasuarina littoralis Black She Oak

Alphitonia excelsa Red Ash

Argyrodendron actinophyllum

Black Booyong

Ceratopetalum apetalum Coachwood

Diploglottis australis Native Tamarind

Eucalyptis amplifolia Cabbage Gum

Eucalyptus botryoides Bangalay

Eucalyptus pilularis Blackbutt

Eucalyptus robusta Swamp Mahogany

Eucalyptus saligna Blue Gum

Syncarpia glomulifera Turpentine

Syzygium oleosum Blue Lilly Pilly

SMALL TREES

Acmena smithii Lilly Pilly

Melaleuca quinquenervia

Broad-leaved Paperbark

Elaeocarpus obovatus Blueberry Ash

Ficus coronata Sandpaper Fig

Glochidion ferdinandi Cheese Tree

Melaleuca biconvexa Biconvex Paperbark

Melaleucal linearifolia Flax-leaved Paperbark

Melaleuca styphelioides Prickly-leaved Tea Tree

Polyscias elegans Celerywood

Syzygium paniculatum Magenta Cherry

Tristaniopsis laurina Water Gum

Palms

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana

Bangalow Palm

Livistona australis Cabbage Tree alm

Shrubs

Acacia longifolia Sydney Golden Wattle

Acacia prominens Gosford Wattle

Banksia oblongifolia Fern-leaf Banksia

Banksia spinulosa Hairpin Banksia

Callistemon salignus Willow Bottlebrush

Callistemon shiressii White Bottlebrush

Cordyline stricta Narrow-leaved Palm Lily

Species Common Name

Freshwater Typha Wetland

Swales, Creek Crossings and

Bioretention Basins

Coastal Narabeen Moist Forest

Dora St Shops to End of Cemetery Station

300-630

Alluvial Paperbark Sedge Forest

Station 630-1850

Ourimbah township Station 1850-2350

Dodonaea triquerta Hop Bush

Decaspermum humile Silky Myrtle

Hakea teretifolia Needlebush

Leptospermum polygalifolium

Tantoon

Shrubs (cont.)

Melaleuca nodosa Prickly-leaved Paperbark

Melaleuca sieberi

Omalanthus populifolius Bleeding Heart

Prostanthera askania Tranquility Mintbush

Groundcovers, lilies, grasses, accent plants

Carex appressa Tall Sedge

Dianella caerulea Paroo Lily

Doryanthes excelsa Gymea Lily

Entolasia marginata Bordered Panic

Entolasia stricta Wiry Panic

Hardenbergia violaceae Native Sarsasparilla

Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat Rush

Lomandra hystrix Slender Mat Rush

lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat Rush

Oplismenus aemulus

Oplismenus imbecillis

Themeda australis Kangaroo Grass

Viola hederaceae Native violet

Xanthorrhoea resinosa Grass Tree

Wetland plants- Sedges

Crinum pedunculatum Swamp Lily

Banksia robur Swamp Banksia

Baumea articulata Jointed Twig Rush

Baumea juncea

Baumea rubiginosa

Eleocharis sphacelata

Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedge

Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedge

Lepironia articulata

Leptocarpus tenax

Ludwigia peploides subsp. montevidensis

Water Primrose

Persicaria decipiens Slender Knotweed

Persicaria strigosa

Philydrum lanuginosum Wooly Waterlily

Phragmites australis Common Reed

Restio (Baloskion) tetraphyllus

Tassel-cord Rush

Schoenus brevifolius Zig-Zag Bog-rush

Typha orientalis Broad Leaf Cumbungi

Villarsia exaltata Yellow Marsh Flower

Viminaria juncea Native Broom

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PLANTING 9

Acm

ena

smith

ii

Lilly Pilly

Elae

ocar

pus

obov

atus

Hard Quandong

Acac

ia p

rom

inen

s

Gosford Wattle

Mel

aleu

ca li

near

ifolia

Megalong Valley BottlebrushP

olys

cias

ele

gans

Celery Wood

Syz

ygiu

m p

anic

ulat

um

Magenta Cherry

Pros

tant

hera

ask

ania

Tranquility MintbushC

allis

tem

on s

hire

ssii

White Bottlebrush

Cor

dylin

e st

ricta

Narrow Palm Lilly

Dec

aspe

rmum

hum

ile

Silky Myrtle

Dor

yant

hes

exce

lsa

Gymea Lilly

Har

denb

ergi

a vi

olac

eae

Native Wisteria

Lom

andr

a fil

iform

is

Wattle Mat Rush

Euca

lypt

us s

alig

na

Sydney Blue Gum

Syn

carp

ia g

lom

ulife

ra

Turpentine

Argy

rode

ndro

n ac

tinop

hyllu

m

Alph

itoni

a ex

cels

a

Red Ash or Soap Tree

Black Booyong

Dip

logl

ottis

aus

tralis

Native Tamarind

Euca

lypt

us ro

bust

a

Euca

lypt

us p

ilula

ris

Blackbutt Swamp Mahogany

Euca

lypt

is a

mpl

ifolia

Cabbage Gum

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Phra

gmite

s au

stra

lis

Common Reed

Glo

chid

ion

ferd

inan

di

Cheese Tree

Mel

aleu

ca b

icon

vexa

Biconvex Paperbark

Cal

liste

mon

sal

ignu

s

Willow Bottlebrush

Tris

tani

opsi

s la

urin

a

Water Gum

Dia

nella

cae

rule

a

Paroo Lilly

Lom

andr

a hy

strix

Slender Mat Rush

Lom

andr

a lo

ngifo

lia

Spiny Headed Mat Rush

Arch

onto

phoe

nix

cunn

ingh

amia

na

Bangalow Palm

Livi

ston

a au

stra

lis

Cabbage Tree Palm

Them

eda

aust

ralis

Kangaroo Grass

Viol

a he

dera

ceae

Native Violet

Typh

a or

ient

alis

Broad Leaf Cumbungi

Bau

mea

arti

cula

ta

Jointed Twig Rush

Bau

mea

junc

ea

Bare Twig Rush

Sch

oeno

plec

tus

valid

us

River Club Rush

Car

ex a

ppre

ssa

Tall Sedge

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ROAD FURNITURE 10

10 ROAD FURNITURE PRINCIPLES

– Provide a standardised and consistent palette of road furniture along the corridor using elements that are robust, readily available and of low maintenance materials and finishes.

– Incorporate road furniture used in recent upgrade works on the Pacific Highway and incorporate where appropriate to provide consistency in road corridor treatment.

– Integrate the location and design of road furniture elements with the engineering, urban and landscape design features.

10.1 FENCES

– Fencing required on top of retaining walls should be open style metal fencing, recessive in colour and where appropriate, match previous upgrade works. Planting should be located in front of fence if space allows.

– Road design should minimise the use of roadside pedestrian barrier fencing. If required, it should be the standard RTA steel open style fence in a recessive colour in the semi-rural precincts and a galvanised finish in the township precinct.

– Simple timber post and rail fencing in natural finish to large lots, open space or vegetated areas.

– A palette of fencing options to be developed for the fencing to residential front boundaries to retain the natural diversity of residential frontages facing the highway at detailed design phase.

– Fencing for side and rear residential boundaries should be simple timber lapped and capped fence or a Colorbond panel fence with the colour to be selected by property owner.

– Consider vegetation as fencing where occurs in existing context

– The entry gates and associated fencing along the frontage Lisarow Cemetery are to be restored and repaired and/or replaced. Any additional fencing is to match or compliment the existing, e.g High quality open style metal fencing in a recessive colour, to match into the existing sandstone pillars and gates.

– Fencing may be necessary along the boundary of the Lions Club Rest Area. Consider timber post and rail fencing with dark chain link or similar inserts for child proofing. Provide open visibility from road corridor into the park.

The Detailed Design will include the design of railings, handrails, pedestrian barriers, safety fencing around water quality control ponds where required, on the railway boundary and residential property fencing. The fence type selection will be consistent with those used on current Pacific Highway upgrades and as appropriate to the context. Suitable fencing types are shown in the following images and the locations shown in the following plans.

RTA Standard picket fencing RTA Standard Type 1 fencing with black finish

10.2 FENCING PLANS

Refer to Figures 10.2.1-10.2.3