LANDSCAPE AND NATURE PHOTOGRAPHY Timothy O’Sullivan Carleton Watkins Ansel Adams Imogen...

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LANDSCAPE AND NATURE PHOTOGRAPHY Timothy O’Sullivan Carleton Watkins Ansel Adams Imogen Cunningham

Transcript of LANDSCAPE AND NATURE PHOTOGRAPHY Timothy O’Sullivan Carleton Watkins Ansel Adams Imogen...

Page 1: LANDSCAPE AND NATURE PHOTOGRAPHY Timothy O’Sullivan Carleton Watkins Ansel Adams Imogen Cunningham.

LANDSCAPEAND NATURE

PHOTOGRAPHYTimothy O’SullivanCarleton Watkins

Ansel AdamsImogen Cunningham

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Timothy O’Sullivan (1840-1882)

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•Born and raised in Staten Island, NY, but spent much of his life traveling across America.

•Field photographer during the Civil War and an official photographer commissioned to describe and map the vast, uncharted expanses west of the Mississippi (an area 900 miles long and 100 miles wide!) and survey possible locations for the Panama Canal.

•Carried and worked with bulky and heavy equipment, including mammoth view cameras. While in the field, he produced hundreds of wet collodion glass plates measuring 20” x 24”.

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•He endured many hardships while hiking canyons, stumbling through jungle-like growth, crossing deserts (where the intense heat caused his chemicals to boil inside his darkroom tent), and confronting bloody battlefields covered with dead bodies.

•Contracting tuberculosis, he died at age 42. During the course of his short life, and a photographic career that barely spanned two decades, he produced one of the major bodies of photographic work in 19th century America.

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A Harvest of Death, Gettysburg, Pa. (July 1863)

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Sand Dunes, Carson Desert (1867)

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Tufa Domes, Pyramid Lake (1867)

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Vermillion Creek Canyon (1867)

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Black Canyon, Colorado River,from Camp 8 (1871)

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Ancient Ruins in the Canyon de

Chelle, New Mexico (1873)

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Carleton Watkins (1829-1916)

“My aim is to photograph from where the view looks best.”

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•Born and raised in Oneonta, NY. As a man, he moved to California during the Gold Rush.

•During field expeditions, mine explorations, geological surveys, and while accompanying landscape painters, he carried very bulky and heavy equipment, including mammoth view cameras and large wet plates. Working in the field, grit often dusted his lenses and pitted the tacky surface of his plates.

•Despite the working conditions, he brought great patience to his art, knowing that nature’s pace could not be forced. He woke early and stayed long.

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•In a financial panic during the 1870’s, he lost control of his gallery and many negatives. Much of the next decade was spent attempting to remake his lost work.

•In the early 1890’s, he began to lose his eyesight, and was completely blind by 1906. That same year, he lost his studio and the greater part of his negatives in the San Francisco earthquake and fire. In 1910, he was committed to the California State Hospital for the Insane, where he died six years later.

•Was known as one of America’s foremost landscape photographers during the 19th century.

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Mendocino, Coast View Number One (1863)

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Yosemite Valley, from best general view (c.1865)

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Cape Horn (1867)

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Cape Horn, Columbia River (1867)

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North Dome, Yosemite

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Buckeye Tree, California (c.1872-78)

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Yosemite Falls, view from the bottom

(c.1878-81)

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Ansel Adams (1902-1984)

“Sometimes I get to places just whenGod's ready to have somebody click the shutter.”

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•Born in San Francisco, California. At age 14, he took his first photographs of the Yosemite Valley, an intense experience that provided lifelong inspiration. By age 18, he had a strong association with the Sierra Club, known for their inspiring and majestic landscape photography.

•His decision to devote his life to photography was influenced by the straight and pure photography of Paul Strand, whom he met in 1930. He also later worked with Alfred Steiglitz.

•In 1932, he, along with Edward Weston, Imogen Cunningham, and others, formed Group f/64 in opposition to the soft-focus “painterly” style of Pictoralist photography popular at the time. Group f/64 emphasized “pure” photography with sharp images, maximum depth of field, and technically flawless prints. The name f/64 refers to the smallest aperture on the lens of a large-format camera, which provides the greatest depth of field.

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•In the 1940’s he developed the Zone System, a technique for determining optimal film exposure and development that produced prints with exceptional tonality to match the photographer’s original vision of the image. It continues to be used internationally today.

•Published books on photographic technique, helped to establish the photography departments at the Museum of Modern Art in NYC and the San Francisco Art Institute, received a Guggenheim Fellowship to photograph national parks and monuments, and was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

•His long and prolific career exemplified a purist approach and produced an extensive pictorial record of the American western landscape. By the late 1970’s, his prints were selling for prices never equaled by a living American photographer.

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Nevada Falls, Yosemite National

Park (c.1932)

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Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico (1941)

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Winter Sunrise, The Sierra Nevada, from Lone Pine, California (1944)

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Mount Williamson – the Sierra Nevada, from Manzanar, California (1945)

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Tenaya Creek, Dogwood in the Rain, Yosemite Valley (c.1948)

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Mount McKinley,

Denali National Park, Alaska

(1948)

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Mono Lake, California (1948)

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Oak Tree in a Snowstorm,

Yosemite National Park

(1948)

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Aspens, Northern New Mexico (1958)

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Moon and Half Dome, Yosemite

Valley (1960)

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Imogen Cunningham (1883-1976)

“Which of my photographs is my favorite? The one I'm going to take tomorrow.”

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•Born and raised in Portland, Oregon, then settled in Seattle, Washington.

•Concerned with light, form and abstract pattern, she is best known for her floral studies from her garden, produced during the 1920’s and 1930’s.

•One of the founding members of the Group f/64, along with Ansel Adams, Edward Weston, and others. She also met and was influenced by Alfred Stieglitz.

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•An active photographer for over 70 years, she was also known for her portrait work – the poets of the 50’s Beat Generation, the 70’s flower children of San Francisco’s Haight Ashbury district, as well as many artists and fellow photographers. She started her last project at age 92 - After Ninety, a book of images of people over ninety years old, cut short by her death in 1976.

•An important pioneer of modernism on the West Coast.

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Agave Design, Number 2 (c.1920)

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Aloe (1925)

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False Hellebore (1925)

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Calla Leaves (late 1920’s)

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Fatsia Japonica (1930)

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Philodendron

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Amaryllis Bud (1933)

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Amaryllis Flower (1933)

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Datura

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Datura 3 (1930)

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Magnolia Blossom (1925)

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Magnolia – Tower of Jewels (1925)

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Two Callas (c.1929)

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Water Hyacinth 3 (1920)

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Hands and Aloe

Pilcatilis (1960)