Landforms & Landscapes Processes
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Transcript of Landforms & Landscapes Processes
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Landforms & Landscapes processes
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Landscape.Landscapes are the visible features of a land.
Landscapes in an area can be the water bodies, mountains etc.
In this photo the sea, mountain, trees are the landscapes.
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Landforms.
Landforms are the geomorphic feature on the surface of the earth, ranging from large-scale features such as plains, plateaus, and mountains to minor features such as hills, valleys, and alluvial fans.
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WeatheringWeathering is the decomposition of rocks to
form smaller particles.Weathering is divided into two: Chemical weathering: Weathering of rocks in
which chemicals play an important role. Mechanical weathering: weathering of rocks
in which physical components play an important role.
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Mechanical weatheringProcesses of mechanical weathering:Freeze thawSalt crystal growthDisintegrationPressure release.
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Chemical weathering. Processes of chemical weathering:Carbonation solutionHydrolysisHydrationoxidation
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Surface featuresThe term karst refers to well developed
features on dry lime stone. There are two types of karst:
1. Cockpit karst2. Tower karst
Tower karst Cockpit karst
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River processesIn rivers the erosion occur in these
processes:1. Abrasion- the wearing away of the bed and
bank by load carried by a river2. Attrition- the wearing away of the load
carried by the river which creates smaller particles like gravel and small stones.
3. Hydraulic action- the force of air and water on the sides of the river.
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Factors affecting erosion1. Load- the heavier the particles carried more
the rate of erosion2. Velocity- more the velocity more the power.3. Human impact- production of dams, bridges
etc.
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wavesSwash is the movement of water up the
beach.Backwash is the movement of water down the
beach.There are two types of waves: destructive wave: 1. Have short wavelength2. High height3. Low period of waves4. More back wash5. Caused by local winds
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Constructive waves:1. Long wavelength2. Low height3. Low frequency4. High period of waves5. Swash is more6. Caused by winds formed in distances7. Low energy waves
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Features of marine erosion The erosion in sea rocks are caused because
of the salt water in the sea. Different shapes are formed due to erosion such as:
Stacks Archs Stumps
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Coral reefs coral reefs are calcium carbonate structures
made of reef building stony corals. Different types of reefs:1. Fringing reef- grows along the shore.2. Barrier reef- grows away from the shore.3. Atoll reefs- grows on the remains of volcanic
foundations in the sea.
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