Lacan S-1 the Wolf

8/6/2019 Lacan S-1 the Wolf

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Freud's Papers on Technique 195l-19 54this external world. For one simple reason - because of the poor position of theeye. the co o quite simply doesn't appear.Let the vase be virtual. The vase doesn' t appear. and the subject remains in a

reduced reali ty. wi th a simi larly reduced imaginary baggage..The core ofthis observat ion. which is what you must understand- the vi rtue

of speech. in sofar as the act of speech isa mode offunctioning coordinated to asymbolic system that is already established. typical and significant.Itwould beworth your while to ponder the questions. toreread the text. a lsoto get the feel ofthis li tt le schema so that you could see for yourselves what useyou could put it to.What I 've given you today is a theoret ical discussion in complete contrast

wi th the set of problems raised last time by MIle Gel inier , The t it le of the nextsession. which will take place in two weeks time. wil lbe- T he tr an sfe re nc e - th e( II ft er c ll t l ev e ls 011 IV l1 ic h it sh ou ld b e stu died .2 4 F cb ru ar y 1954

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VIIIThe w olf! Tlze w olf!

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ru r. CORE OF SPErCH

In the course of our dialogue. you have been able to get acquainted with theambition which rules our commentary. namely that of reconsidering thefundamental texts of the analytic experience. The moving spirit of ourexcavation isthe following idea - whatever in an experience isalways best seenis at some remove. So it is not surprising that it should be here and nowthat we arc led. in order to understand the analytic experience. to begin againwith what is implied by its most immediate given. namely the symbolicfunction. or what in our vocabulary is exactly the same thing - the function ofspeech.We rediscover this. the central domain of analyt ic experience. signalledthroughout Freud's oeuvre. never named. but signalled at every step . I don' tthink I am pushing it when I say that that is what can be immediatelytranslated. almost algebraically. from any Freudian text. And this translationyields the solution of a number ofant inomies which become apparent inFreudwith that honesty which ensures that any given one of his texts isnever dosed.as if the whole of the system were in it.For the next session . I would very much like someone to undertake to give a

commentary on a text which exempli fies what I 've just been saying. This text isto be found between 'Remember ing. repeating and working-through' and'Observations on transference-love'. which are two ofthe most important textsin the col lection of Papers on Technique. I am referring to 'On narcissism: anintroduction' .

It is a text that we cannot but bring into our course. as soon as we havetouched on the situation of the analytic dialogue. You will agree with that. ifyou know the further implications of these terms. sitllatioll and dialo!Iue -dialogue in inverted commas.We tried to define resistance within its own field. Then. we formulated a

defini tion of transference. Now. you wil l be wel l aware of the great distancewhich separates - resistance. which keeps the subject from this full speechwhich analysis 'awaits from him. and which is a function of that anxlogenlc


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y ( ) Freud 's Pape rs on Technique 19S3-1954 Tile II'OW Ti ll ' \ Vo l f! til

inflection constituted. in its most radical mode. at the level of symbolicexchange. by the transference - from this phenomenon which we handle in atechnical manner in analysis and which seems to us to be the driving force.' asFreud put it. o f the t ransfe rence. name ly 10\'('.In 'Observations on transference-love'. Freud did not hesitate to call the

transference by the name. l ove . Freud is so little concerned to evade thephenomenon oflove. of passionate love. in its most concrete sense. that he goesso far as to say that there is no really e ssential distinction betwee n transferenceand what. ill everyday life. we call love. The structure of this artificialphenomenon tv hich is transference and that of t he spun taneous phenomenonwe call love, and more specifically passionate love. arc. on the plane of thepsychic. equivalent.On Freud's part. there is no evading this phenomenon. no attempt to dissolve

the scabrous into something symbolic. in the sense in which it is usuallyunderstood - the illusory. the unreal. Transference - is love.Our inquiries are now going to centre on transference-love. to wind up our

study of the Papers on Technique. This will take us to the heart of that othernotion. which Iam trying to bring in here. without which. what is more, it isnot possible to arrive at a judicious apportioning of what we deal with in ourexperience - the function of the imaginary.Don't get the idea that this function of the imuglnary is absent from Freud's

texts. It is no more so than the symbolic function. Freud quite simply didn'tplace it in the foreground. and didn't call attention to it everywhere it can befound. When we come to study 'On narc isslsm'. you will see that Freud himself.in order to specify the difference between dementia praecox. schizophrenia.psyc hosis. on the one hand, and neurosis on the other. comes up with no otherdefinition than the following. which may perhaps seem surprising to some ofyou. ;\ paticllt slIffi'rill!I/i-OIIi h ! ls lc r ia o r o ] 's c ss io l la il lc i lr o si s has a ls o. as far liS hisillll('ss cx tcnd . [lil'CIiIlP h i s r e la t io l l 10 rcalit!l. Bill a ll al ys is s lw l I' s t hat I ll ' has hy 110IIIc a/iS h ro kC ll o ff h is c ro lic re lat ion: to p eo ple a/ld Ihill[ ls . He s ti ll r e ta i ll s them illJJhalilt/s!I: i.e. h e h as . 011 th e 01I e h un . s ub sti tu te iu o r r cu ! ohicct illlayillar!J one s j rom11 s I Il C II IO r ! /. o r ua s lIlixcd t he u i tt c r w ith t IlC [ormcr : - remember our schema fromlast time ~-atu! Oil t tu : o t h er halld . he has renounced thc initiation o f l 1 Io t o r a c ti v it ie s[ en: the u tt ai nm c nt o iu is aillls ill conncc t ion w it l, t ho se ob ic c t s . O lily to th is cond i t ionof t lu: l ih id o l II ay 11 '1 ' l c. qi ti ll ll lt cl Yl lp p ly t he term 'illlro l'crsio ll' o f the lihid o w hich isused ] , ! I [u iu; ilidiscrilllillatel!/. It is o the rw is e w ith t he pa r uphr e nt , He s ec l Il s r ea l ly10 hav l I'i tl uir al vl I h is l ih id o /i -o ll l p (' op le a ll d th ill Ys ill the ex ternal l l' or id . wi thoutreplacill!! them hy other i l l pha l lta s! f . This simply means that he recreates thisimaginative world ... W hm he cloes s o r cp la (' (' th cin , th e p ro cess S CC IIlS to he asecol ldary 0111' uiu! t o h e p a rt ojan uttenip! a t r C (, O I' (T .I /. d c si Y ll cd t o l ea d t lu : l ihido bac):to ohicct. '

Here we come to what is the essential distinction to be drawn betweenneurosis and psychosis. as to the functioning of the imaginary. a distinctionwhich Schreber's analysis. which. I h ope. we will be able to start before the endof the vear, will enable us to consider in greater depth.For todav.I will vield the floor to Rosine Lefort. my stude nt. here on my right.

who. as I1eard );esterday evening. presented her observations on a child.whom she had spoken of with me for a long time. to our sub-group dealing withthe psychoana lys is of chi ldr en. It is one of those serious cases which leave uswith a great feeling of unease as to the diagnosis. and in a considerablequandary as to the nosology. But at all events. Rosine Lefort was able topenetrate deeply, as you will be able to see for yourselves.Just as we started off. two lectures ago. with Melanie Klein's observation.

today Iield the floor to Rosine Lefort. She will open up. in so far as time permits.quest ions to which Iwill provide answers which may well be included next timein my discussion entitled 'Transference in the imaginary'.Dear Rosine, tell us about the case of Robert.

1THE CASE O F ROBERT

MME LEFORT: Rober t wa s born 011 4 Marcil 1< ) 4 8 . /- li s p as t h is to ry u as o eenr ec ol ls ti tl lt cd w it h s om c d if fic li lt y, an d it is i ll ia ro l ' p a rt o w il lO to t h e m at er ia l b r ol li lh tliP ill sessio lls that it luis ! Je ell p ossib le to learn o f the traumus h e s lI fj i' re d .His j il t/ le r i s no t k,lOlVII. H is mother i s I Jr Cs cl lt i! ! c ol lfi ll ed a s a p ar al lo ia c. S he k ep t

him w ith her lip to the a!le o f fi v l' m o u th s, 1I l 0 I' i ll ! I Ji -0 I1 l IUJ I Is l ' t o hous. Sh e I l( '! f le et edhis cssellliailleed s, to the p oillt o f.fiJlW ,ttill!l to feed him. S he Iw d to b e cO litillllallyrelllilld ed to c arl' fo r her c 11 ild : w o s hi n . d r cs si ui ; /i 'c di ll! /. W e /W I 'C cstablis/led t l iatt hi s c hi ld I va s s o I lc ! fl ee le d a s t o s li ff er fr ml l/ ll ll lw r . I ll ' i uu l to Ill' ho sp italis ed a t the a !leof five month ill all acute s ta te o f h! llw rtw llh! ! a wl IV lIs lill! l.- 'Scarcel!! had he been hosp italised w hell IU ' sllfli'red a hilateral o titis whichl Ie ce ss ita te d a d ou bl e m asto id cc to in u. ll e Il'as thell sent to Paul Parl/llet. Iw ho se s tr ic tp r op h !l la ct ic p ra ct ic e is wel l know. There. ue Ivas isolutrd. am i fed 011 a d rip 011aC Co lillt o f llis allo rexia. H e c allle O llt at Ilill(, mo nths. u nd w as rei 11 riled auno; fl!I[or ce to his mothe): N othillY is klioll ' lI of the tw o nunul, i ll ' t il el l s p el lt witll her. W ep ick lip his scent ay aill after his h osp ita lisa tio ll at c/CI'C/l 1I1OlIths. when he w as aya illill a state oio: l it e I va sl il l! f. H e w a s ( /( ji ll it iv c /y and l c ! !al l y u / } ( Il l do l lc d j i l' c months laterveithout. Iw villO s ec ll his mother ayaill.

Fro m that timc 1 1 1 ' to th e a!J f of three ! JC a rs a ll d l Ii ll C 1 1 l0 Il t/ IS . t hi s c hi ld underwentc /u lI l! le s o f residence t we ll ty -f iv c t im es . p li ss il lO th ro ll [J h i ll st it uti oll s [ o r c h iu l rc n orhosp itals. w ithou t cW 'r b eing p laced il l II [ester 1 1 01 lI 1' . p ro p er ly s p ea ki ll g. Thes

, (1 '1 I ' iu) (;W X 313: Stud Erg 224 : SE X II I hS I r il 'i 't l lt i c K l 'l i ft c ., (Il ) 1 4(') cw X I 3l) ; Stud III 42 ; SI, X IV 7-+ . I C hildre n's h ospital in P uris.


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l) 2 Freud's Papers on Technique IlJ:; 1 --1 9 S 4 Tile \\'0/(1 Tile \\,01/) Y 1

h os pi ta lis at io ll s l I'e re u uu u: I lc ce ss ar Y/ )! 1 c hi ld ho od i ll lle ss es . h y a ll a de ll oi de cto my . bythe ncuvo looua) , l'c ll tr ic lIl o! lr ap hi c. e /c ct ro -c ll cc l'h al ow ap hi c e xa mi lla ti ol ls h e l I'a s! li I' l' ll - r es u lt : u o n ua i. Heal th a tu! medical eva lua t i ons \I'1're nuuie illdicatilli/p ro /il l/ w/ S O ll lll tiC d is tl lr hl lll ce s. I Il 1d then. th e s Oll la ti c o ll es l u i vuu; I w el l imp r o ve dl IPOI l . pS ! fCI IOIO! l i c al d et er io ra tio n. T he l as t c v ul uu tio n. lit Dcnicrt . 11'/ '( '11 Robert II'IISt luc IIlld a 1 1 1 1 If SlIili/est1'd that he be con t i uc. I I ' h icl I c Ol lld o ll ly h av e b C 1 ' 1 l dc./illitil'c.011 a cc ol lll t o f (III IU lc lc l lr /! / ( h 1i ll ed I 'l If l1 - pswho t ic state. (;csell's test I l lI l 'C a l l I.0. (l[43.

So uc I Ir ri l' cd . a t tlic 1I[ /C o ith vc c a nd a h al t: l it t ir e i ll St it ll ti O Il . t il l' l II li t l it the Denier!r ep o si to ry . 1 I' II I' rc I n d cr to o ): u is t re at me nt . A t tha t tillle. Ill' lI'a s ill tl ie fol lol l 'i l l i/couduion.

F ro llllhe p oillt o f I'iell' o f I le il Jl rt a ll d I I' ei !l ll t. he wa s ill I'cry i/o od shap e. excep t fo r ac h ro n u: b i la te v a! otorrhea. Frolll t u e s tun dp o u it of motor IIc til'ity, he Iw d a sll'illi/illY!JlIit, extreme lack ojroord i iunion ill his movements , a constant Iryperli/itlltioll. Fromt I , C p oillt o f v ic lI' o f lallY lIlIW , co mp lete ab sence o f c o o rd i na te d speech, [r cquen tScrClIIIIS, qutturu! a tu ! d i sc o r dan t l(llI[llrtl'r. He y el le d I II I' o ll l! ! t ll 'O 1 I' 0r d s he kllew-Miss lalld wolll Thi s \ l' o rd , wolfl, h e r ep ea te d t ilr ol l! ll lO lIt I hc d a! !, s o I nic knamed himt lu: wolf-child, because t luu. rl'all!J Il'as t he i ln {/ !/ I' h e l uu! 0 / himself

F ro m ti ll' p oi ll l 0/ view (i f IIis bcliaviour. I II ' I I' II S h !l lJ l' rI lc ti vc , c O ll ti ll ll ll ll y p r cy t ojerk!! an d disordcrl!!lIIol'ClllcIlIs, wi thout l I il l l. U l l or !! l lI l is l 'd prcheusive a et il 'i ty - Ir ew O lil d th ro ll ' h is 111'111 ut to take ho ld 0(1111 o / Jj cc t I Il 1 d i (h e d id n't r ca cu i t, I II ' couuin' tcor rec t i t, I Il 1d h ad t o s ta rt ti ll' II IO V l'l II l'l It a ll o I'{'/ a l Ja i ll . /i 'ml l t i ll ' /Jl'iJillllilliJ. A I '1 lr ic t yo ( sl ec p il l! ! p ro ! JI l' lI Is . W i tl l th is p er ma ne nt c o nd iti on a s II / Jl lc kWO l md , h e e xp er ie nc edconvuisivef! t s o f alJi t a t iO Il. w i thou t a II!! t rllc convulsions. lI'i t l: r e dd e n ! 1I{j o f t il e f ac e,p ic rc il l[ J h ow ls , d ll ri ll g eacl: o ft ll c r oU t il lC 1 l1 0 1I I 'l Il s o f I Ii s d ai ly liji' - t i ll ' po t , a nd a bo v eall tu e ( 'Hlplyill!! 0 / ' 1 1 1 1 ' po l , I l l1 r i rc ss iI l IJ . . / i ' cd i l l!J , open d oo rs. w hic lr Ire c o ul dn 't s ta nd .l ik e ll 'i sc da rk l lc s s. other c /, il d rl 'l l' s ! J cl li ll i/ , an d liS \1'1' lI 'i ll s ce . 1 II0 vi ng r oo ll ls .Less O/tCII. u c l uu ! crises oi a d im lle tr ic all !l o p po se d s or t. i l l l l 'hidl III' II'IIS cOIl lplc tcJy

p ro stratc . slarill!! aim lc ssly, lik e a d l'p rc ssiv c.W ith all ad llit. IIc IVIIS h!Jper l l[ J i ta tc d . lUu/ i [/ i 'r c l ll iatc d . wi tnout allY true contac t .

C h il dr en h e I Ip /) ca rc d 1 0 igllol'l. '. bu t II'hclI OI lCof 1 1 1 1 ' 1 1 1 screamed or cried. he \V ellt illto aconvulsivcji t . III these 1 II 00 1 1e ll ts o f c ri si s. h e b ec uin d un oe ro u , iu : b ec am e stro n . h eIhrottled ott icr c 1l il dr m, I Il Id lu : I ra d to /Jc k e p t i so l at ed dur iu l I, c l Ii g ht and at meals.A t ttiose tillles he /Jelra!Jed neither a hint o f I I l1x ic t ! /. 1101' atu] cmotiol l .

Wc didn' t . really knos lI'illII caleyory to pu t him i l l . Hilt \VI' tried t o tr ea t himnonethcles, llro llyh \vc d id ask o urselves if all!Jlllill!! w ou u! C Ollie o f it.

1 1 1 1 1 1 IIOi II!! 10 Iell uo uubo 1I I the fi rst yea r of I rca Imen t. I I' hi ch l Va s t I' C II discontinued[o r (/ u ear. Thrre 11'( '1'1' several pillises ill I I II ' t rea tmen t.

door . SlI'ite/lillg t I ,C l iyh t 011 a lld o ff. W ith o bjec ts, Ire IV ollld eitucr l ak e th cl lll lP o r hur!th ein a sid e, or p il c t lr C II I 011 to p o f I IIC . V cr !! l IIa rk ed p ro !1 lw ti lis lI I.

T he o lll y th il lY IOll ld extract i ro n : t ll es e. /i rs tf el l' s cs si ol ls II'a5 O wt Ire d id 1 I0 t darey o I IC ll r the f cc d il l{ ]- bo tt le c o ll ta il li ll {] l II il k. or cOlllill{] somevciuu c loser to it wouid.b lo \V 0 11 it. I also noted a l l i l lt c rc s t ill tuc W l ls ll -l ms il ll l' hi ch . I I' lr cl lf ll 1l o f l I' at er , s C (, lI Ie dto sp ark o ff II r ea l p ll ll ic a tt ac k.

A t t lu : e nd o f t il is p re li ll li lw r !f p hl lS C , a ft cr 0111' s es si o ll . l if te r 1 1 1 1 villi/ p i l ed c v c r! l t lr i ll !1011 to p [i f I I IC w l l il e ill a veri; a!/itatcd state, he b oltcd ami I heard him at tire top o f tuestairc ase, w hic h/lc d id n't k no ll' 11011' to g o d ow n b !J l rilllselI sa !lillil in a patuetu: voice,ill a veri; lo w tone. fo r nu n IIIIUSIIllI, Mummy, l oo ki ny i ll to t he c ll lp ti nc ss .

This p relim in ary p hase C lIllle to all elld outside the treatment. O n e e VC l li ll !l . a ft erg oillg to b ed , he tried to c ut o ff Iris p ellis with a p ai r o f p la st ic s ci ss or s, I I' lr ilc s ta lld in yon Iris bed ill front o f the o th er t er rif ie d c hi ld re ll .

/)urillfl till' f'l 'elimillar!f phase. h e r et ai ne d h is 1 '1 'I 'r !f da !/ bchuv iour . G u tt ur al s cr C lI ll lS .HI' wouk ! arrive ill ti ll' r oo m r un nin q witliou: s tOJ lp i l l! / , I I IJ l v li l l! / , [umpi tu; ill the airuiu! crollcllill!J dOII'II, P llttill! ! Iris hC lld o ctw cc n his hund. o p Cl lil l! J a ll d c lo si llg ti re

In th e se co nd p ar t o i t he treatment, Ir e started to revea! what Woll1l11l 'anl to I r i l l l . Hewould scream it all the tillle.

He started, o nc d ay , b y tryillfJ to strang le alitt/c qir! whom I h ad i n I re atl llc nt . T he !Jhad to be separated and he w as Pllt ill another room. He ' 1 ( 1 1 a vio lent reactio n, and w asintenselu disturbed. I hu d to co llie and brtny him back into tire room where Ill'normall!J u vcd . A s so on as Ill' w as there, he how lcd - Wolll, alld started to thro wev erythiny ac ro ss tire ro om - it w as tile c lilliny-lllIll-Io od alld p lates. III t ir e da ys thatfo llo wed , eaelr tim c t hu t I ll ' p assl'd b y t I ,C room w ue re Ill' h ad 1 1 1 ' 1 ' 1 1 Pllt, Ire Iw wled -Wolfl

T hi s a ls o c la ri fi es his behaviour tow ards doors. whic lr he couuin': s la ll d b ei ll !! le ftopen, I I I ' S pC llt tI,C tim e o f ti,e sessio ll ill op1'llillY thctn so as to make me c lose th1'mayaill an d I IOW l il l! ! - Wolll

A t thi p oint IVI' sho liid rC ('(llllris histo r!J - tlu : S lliftilliJ fro m p lace to p lace, therOOIl lS, were ./i)r him a destruction, ~inee u e lu u! I IC l'c r s lo p pe d c il lll ly il l! / p la ce s, 1 I0 raduus . It u ad b ec o me a real p rinc ip le o fd cstrllc tio ll fo r h im , o ne w lr ic h h ad i lll cn se lymarked the primitive manifestations o f his a cti vi ly o f i n! /< ,s li on 1 1 1 1 ( 1 excretioll. Heexpressed it mainl!J ill t wo s ce ll es , 0111' w it h t il l' f c1 'd in !l -I JO t tl c L In d t ir e other w ith till'pot.

He had at lO llY last taken to tile b ottle. O ne d ay, he w ent to open till' d oor, and heldo ut thefced ing -b ottie to (In imaailw ry p crso n- w llenever Ire w as alo llc ill a r oo ll l withan ad ult, he c arried 011 b elw l'iny as if there were other c hi ld rc lI a ro u nd him. He heldo ut tile bott ie. H e came back tearine o ff ti,e teat, li e made me pu t it b ack o n. Ireld tileb ottle o utsid e a gain, left tile d oo r o pen, turned his back 011 me, d ra nk two !/u lp s o f milk .and ,facin!/ me, to re o ff tile teat, threw b ack u is head , co vered Ilimsel[ in milk and sp ilttile rest o ver me. A mi, seized w ith p anic ill' f led , u nco llsc io us ami b lind . Iad t o p ic kIrim lipfr om t nc s ta ir ca se whicn he'd started to ro ll d own. A t that mO lllellt I Iwd theimprcssion ihut lie ha d sw allo wed tire destruction IIlId ttuit tile o pen d oo r a nd the milkw er e li nk ed .


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Y4 Fre ud's Papers on Technique lY = ; 3- IY 54 Tlic \\'01/1 T h \ \' o /f l YS

, ,

1 ' 1 1 ( ' scmc w itlr the po t w hich fo llo \\'c d \\'as marked by tlz e same d estruc tivec ha ra cte r. A t t lu : b eg il ll lin ll o f t lz c t re atm en t, tieIeu o /J liy ed to d o Izis b usin ess in tiles es siO I l, t hin kin g t ha t ~ f h e I la l' e IIII' so me tu in q. h e \ \'o ul d k ce p 111( ',H e cou ld only do itp r es se d a g ai ns t IIIC. sittillfl o n the p ot, Iz old ing my ap ro ll ill (JIll' h an d, a nd th e b ottl e ora p eu ct! in th e o ther. H c w ou ld c at b cfo rc , a nd c sp ec ia lly a ft c r. N ot m ilk b ut sweets ilndcakes.

T h e e m ot io n al intensiu; b etra ye d g re at t e a r . The mo st recent o f these scenesc lariiied the rela tio n fo r him b etw een d cj l'c atio n a mi d estru ctio n th ro uy ll c hang es,

In tlrc c Ollrse o f this sessio n. he Iz ad started to d o Iris b usin ess, seated b esid e me,Then wit]: h is p ao li b esid e h im. h e lea fc d th ro ll ,q h tire p a{ /l's o f a b oo k. tU l'Il ing tilep ag es, T hen he hea rd a no ise fro m o utsid e. C raz cd w itlrj l'ar. he w ent o ut, lo ok his p ot.a lld se t it d ow n iniront. o f til e d o or o f ti re p cr so n \ \ ' 1 1 0 Ira d j llsl q ane in to th e ro om nextdoo r. Then he retu rned illto the roo m w here I\ 'a s. i ll ld fl att en ed I rim sd r a IJ ain st th ed o o r, 1 1O II 'l il lf i - W oIf1 W oW

I Iw d tlic i mp re ss io ll it I va s a p ro p it ia to ry r ite . H e I \' as il l( '( lp ab le o fg il 'i nl J t his p o ohto m '. To some extent he knew that I d id n't exac t it [ron: him. H e II 'Cllt to pu! ito u tsu ie . k llo wil lfl fu ll w ell that it w ou ld ue t/lr(JII'1l ou t. hence destro yed , S o Iin terp reted his rite io r him. S tra ig htaw ay. he w ellt to lo ok JIJr the p ot. p ut it b ac k in th em om b esid e m e. h id it w ith a p ie ce o fp llP cr . sa !!ill! /. 'h av e 110 niore.havc 110 11101':',' soas 1 I0 t to /)(' o bl iflC d to H iv e it.

T h en I re s ta rt ed 10 b e a !J wc ssiv c to w ar ds IIII'. as ir yil ' i l l l l him p erm issio ll to tak ep o ss cs si ol l o f h im se lf throuql: th is p oo h II'h ic h III' h ad at h is d isp osa l. l ha d g iv en hu nth e p ossib ility o f b ein g a yw essiv e, C le ar ly . 1I0t h e it u; a b le 10 011'11. lip u ntil then . ill 'd uln 't h av e a sC llse o f a ll( Jr essiv it!! . b ut o lll! f o ia uto -d estru ctio n. sp ec ijic all y w he n h ea tta ck ed tile o th er c hild re n.

Fro m that day 011. ill' 110 1 0l ly cr fe lt o bl iy cd to d o h is I Jl lsi ll es s ill tile se ssio n, H e u se dsymb olic su bstitu tes, san d. H e w as a cu te ly c onfu sed a s to h i o wn self. the C O lltC llts o fh ts b od y. o bic cts. c hild ren. an d the a du lts w llO su rro und ed hu n. Hi s sta te o f c m xie ty . o fayitatioll. /)(,CIIIIIC more and more acu te . For the rest o r the time ill' w as becominyu n be a ra b le , I w o u ld a c tl la lI !! lV i tl le ss t ruu ; he c ti c s c ss io u ill w h ic h I h ad c on si de ra bl ed i fJ ic u l ty i ll te r v l' ll il lY ,That day . aiter hav in dru nk . a u ttle milk . he sp il t il Oil tile j ioor. then threw sandill to th e w ash -b usln .title d t/le fe ed il lH -b ottl e w itil sa nd a tu ! w ate r. p e e d ill til e p ot . p u ts al ld i n il. T hen u e sh ov elled u p m ilk mixed wi t l : sa iu ! u ud w ater. ad ded tile lo t to tilepo t, and p laced tile ind iu -rub ber baby and the b ottl 01 1 lo p o r it. a lld entrusted tilew ilo le o f it to me.

T he il . u e w e ll t to O p C Il t he d o or . a nd c al ll C b ac k l I' il hfr ar II'ritlell all o ver hisjac e. H eay ain to ok l ip till ' b ottle w hic il w as ill the p ot and u ro i it. w ork illg feverishly o n it1 I1 1t ilh e h ad r ed u ce d it to l itt le p ie ce s. He th en y ath er cd th em a ll c ar eJ il lly to ge th er . a lldb uried them il lto the sand in the p ot. He lV as in such a state that [ Iw d to take himd O IV II.j l'c lillf{ th at I c ou ld n't d o a ll! !th illy fo r h im a llY m or e. H e b ro ll yh t tile p ot u lo n.

/1 b i t o f smu lf e l l all tile qround. 1l I11easi l il l y u l lb c l i e l' ( lb l l ' pa l l ic i l l i l il l l . He iuu! t o aa the rl ip ( ,I'e ry l ast b it o f se md . a s ~ f it w as a p ie ce o r ilim se lf, a l/(I u c I UJ ll 'l ed - W olf W ol1 1

He c o ul dn '; s ta ll d b eil lg P ll t ill t il e y ro ll p. h e c ou k ui 't s tO l id a ll !J c hil d c o mi ll Y c lo se toilis p o t. H e had to be P ll t to b ed ill a s ta te o f e xtr em e tClls ioll , II'hich. ill a s p e ct ac u l a rIIUlll l ler . \ \' as o ll ly r el ic I'c d b y a d ia rr hc tic d eb ac le . I\'ilicil he s p re ad e l '{ " ' i/ Il 'l l er c ill hisb ed an d all til e w al ls. w itil h is ila lld s,

T he w no u: o f t his sc ene w as so p ath etic .lil'c d th ro lly h \\ ,ith sllc il a nxic ty . th at I II'asvery lI'o rried . and I starte d to g et a sense o f the id ea he had o f l limsel( .

He q av e it arc ata p rec isio n thc Ilext d ay. II'I,en[ had to [ ru strat him - he ran to til('w ind ow . o pen cd it a nd c ried O llt - woin WoW. a ll d, s ce il ll 1 h is o l l' n i ll w f/ C ill t he q l u ss .he nit it. c rying O llt - WoW WoW

T ha t is th e l Va y R ob er t r cp re sc ll te d 1 '; lI Is( 'l /: h e Iv as th e WoIf1lt II 'IIS ilis 011'11 illlilyeth at he hit o r tha t he ev ok ed lI'ith su cl i ill tensity . This po t illto w hich he p lacm w hatc ome s illto h im a mi v c u a t . c Oll ies alit. the p CI' a lld the p oo h. then a ! lI l1l1all im ay e. th ed ol l. the n th e Jliec es o f th e b ottt, it re ally w as ClI1 im a[ JC o f h illl se lf. a kil l to th at o f th ew olf. as the panic qenerate d w uen a b it o r sa l id fe ll 011 t he j lo o r t es ti fi ed . II I seCjl le l lcean d a t the sall ie till le . he \V as a ll the c leme nts tu at he p ut illto the p ot. H e \\ 'a s j llst theseric s o f o bjec ts thro uy" w hic h IH ' CCllI lC illto C O lltl lc t w ith d aily life . s!J mb ol s o r th ec Ol lte llts o f u ts b od y, T he sa lid is th e sy mb o l o ff ac c( 's . 1 1 1 ' w ater tha t o r IIrillc, th e m il ktha t o f w hat enters his b od y, 1 3l1 tth e sc clle lI'ith I I / ( ' p o t s ho w s th at h c d il tl ",c ll tia te civ ery little b etw een th ese thinfls. Fo r h im. a ll o r t hese c ontents arc u nited ill th e s am cfe e/illY o f p erm an en t d estr uc iio u o f h is b od !! . w hic h. in o PJ lo sitio ll to th ese c ol lte llts,rep resents the cO llta illc r. alld w hich he sY ll lbo lised w ith the /w okel l bo tu. w ho sep ie ce s \V cr e b urie d u nd er th ese d estr ll ctiv c c Ol lle nts,

, ' (/1' 1/ , ( /I ll l' .

I n tl lC fo Il ol Vi nl J p ha se . h e e xo rc is ed t he WoW I sa y e xo rc isc b ec allse th is c hild y av e IIII'the i l l lpress ioll o f b eil lY p ossc ssed , T ha nk s to Illy pcrmuncnt. p resence, he w as ab le toe xo rc ise . w ith a little o f th e m ilk h e h ad d rtln k, th e sc en esir om d ail !! lifl~ I Vh ic h d id h ims uc i: h u rm .

A t th at p o in t. Illy i ll te rp re ta tio ll s a bo ve a ll te ll de d to d itf er (' ll tia te th e c O ll te ll ts o f h isb od y fro m the a ffec tiv e p oint o f v ie 11', T h e l II il k is what olle r ec civ es , P oo h is w ha t o ll eH iv es. a nd its v alu e d ep end 011 the milk o nc lias re ceiv ed . P ee is aflw essiv e,

M any sessio l1 s w cnt on ill this WilY, Ju st w hcn he IVas pecinf l ill the p ot. h e w ou ldin iorm n ie - N ot pooh. it's pee. He w as so rry . I rcassured uu n ill te lIillfJ h im th at h er ec eiv ed to o littl e to b e a ble to g iv e sO ll le th il lY W it/W ilt d estr oy il lfl him , T ha t r ea ssu re dI ,i ll l. H e cou ld then go lind emp ty tile po t ill t he t oi le t.

T he e lll pt! Jil lfi o f tile p ot lV as su rr ou nd ed w ilh m an u p ro te ctiv e r ite s, He sta rte d b ye ll lp ty il lg t he I Ir il le i l l lo t he s in k . ill t he to il et I V hil e l eW I I! ! th e t ap rtlll so as to b e ab le torep lace the uril le w ith w ater, H e jilled tile p ot. le ttill (1 it a lllp ly o v erj lo 11 ' , as if ac on ta ill er o nly h ad a ll e xiste nc e t/lr olla h its c Ol lte llt a nd a lso h ad to o ve rflo w so (IS tocOll tai l l it ill its tu rn . T he re WI' have 1I su nc re tis iic v is io ll o f Iw il l O i ll t il l 1c . a s c o l lt a il l era n d c O l lt ai ll ed . exuctli t l ike all i ll tr a -u t er il l e e x is te l lc e .

He re he r ed is co ve re d th is c O Ii fu se d im ag e tu at he i l ad o fhil l l se / f: He e mp tie d th e p ee .


6/11

.t

9h Freud 's Pape rs on Technique 19 ') ~-1 l) S4 T i l e wo W T i l e 1 1 ' 0 / 1 ' 97

Iv hile try ill[j to catct: it a fl ai ll , c Ol lv ill ce d t ha t it I\'(/S I l l ' wh o \I'(/S lcavin. He l un d ed -Wolfl, IIlld t ile p ot o llly lw d a re alit!J }( JI'llim w ile llflill. M !I 1I 'IIOIeCO ll ce l' ll w a s t o sliov:hu n t ile reality of tile pot. w hicll w as s till there a/tel' IWl'illi/ o cc n e mp tie d o f uis p ee :iu st a s h e. R o/ nT t, W(/S still there a it er l la vi ll ,1 ] p ee d , aiu! t he t ap I\ '( /S ll 't w as lle d a wa yh !l t il e I \'a te r I l'h ic ll 1'(/11 }i'OIIl it.

011 accoun t o f t hese i ll te r pr e tl lt io l ls an d m! / cont inued p re s el lc e . R o be rt p ro [/ re s -s i l' cl !l i n tr o dl lced ( / de l ay he twee ll emp t! li ll !l ll ll cl /i J Ii ll [j , 11 11 t il t il e d ( / y 11 '111 '11111 'a s a bl eto return. trilllllph allt iy ca rryitli/1 I1 l em pty p ot ill u is a rm s. H e Il ad q lli te c le ar lyacquired the ulc oit lu: p e rl lU II U' Il Ce o fl li s b o dy . His c l ot hes we re / or him his cOl l ta i l ler .tuu! when he 11'( /5 s tr ip pe d o f t hem. it w as c er ta ill d ea th . T ile /I lIS il le SS o f w l /re ss il lf /was/ tJl ' hu n t he o ccas i on [o r ! Jc ll Il il /( ' c ri se s, t he 1 II 0S t r ec en t o ne h av in g la st ed threeh o u r . d u r uu ; wh ich t he s t r( ( fdescr il }( 'd him as po ssessed. H e howled -Wolf l , rWlIlilliJ[nnn o ll e b ed ro om t o the n ex t, s lII ca ril l! l t he o th er c ht ul re n \ I'i th Ja l'c l's t ha t h rJ ow u/ illt he p o ts . It \ I'a s o ll ly o llc e he wa s t ie d lip th at Ill' ( '{Ilm cd d OW Il,

T he Ilc xt d ay . Ill' C lillle to t ile s es sio n, s tarted to undress ill all extreme state ofa ll xic t! /, a lld . c ol ll ple tc lY lla ke d, c lil ll /} ('d in to t he h cd . It took three sessio lls b efo re h ew as ab le to drtnl: a l it tl e l Il il k, c om plc te ly naked i ll t il l' b ed . H e p oil lt ed t o the willdowlIlld the d oo r, a ll l/ IIit lu s illw yc while IIO WlillY - Wolf

II I p ar all el , il l d ail y l ik , I Il ld re ss il lf J \ \'( lS c as y, u i u . \ I '( l s_ !e) l Io \Ved by a deep d( 'press io ll .He s ta r tc i ! t o s oh wi thout r CI lS O Il e ac l: c vc ll il lO , s c ck il l! l ( '( )I II Io rt fi 'o ll l t il e w ll rd -s is t erd ow lls ta irs , !lo illY to s le cp ill her arllls .

At t he e nd o ft ll is p hll se , Il l' u ad e xo rc is e d w it h IIIC t uc C lllp ty ill[J o fth l' p ot . a s w ell a sth e uudrcssuu; SC I' ll ', t lm J ll fJ I I I ll y cO ll ti ll ll il l! lI J rl 'S I' II U ', w ll ic ll l u u l t u rn ed tniik illto aCO l ls t rl lc t iv e dC I IIC Il t. Bllt . d riv CIl b !! th e ncccssi t i ; o( I li li /d il lf J l ip (I l II ill il llW Il , Il l'luuui '! 1 0 ll ch e d 0 1 1 the pa st, IIc o llly coun te d 0 11 the p rcs cllt o f ( 'I'ayd ay life , as if i l l '\I'(TC d cp ri ve d o ( I Il CI Il O r! /.

tiin, (l/his ! IOo d ./ ( lOd , T I le r ll ,c s t a rt cd I lOlvii l l! l- Wol l1, l oo k I II I' Cllt (111( / \'(lSIl-llih an dt ur c : t he m Ol lt o l l/ IC 1\'iIU/OW. Hc t ll rr rc d a !l ai ll st I II C, ( ll ld , w it ll w ca t r io l clH 'c l Iu u /el II e s wa ll ol\ ' d ir t! ; I \'( /t cr w il il c 1 1 OW li 1l Y- WoIn WoIn Herc I l li s l (' cd il l fl - /IO U/c sloodI () I' /w d I (J o d. a nd W ( lS a t hr ow b ac k t o u is s q l( lw li on li 'o ll li li s nsothcr, 11'110 i lw/ dcpr il ' edIIilll 0 / /c lo d, a wl t o a ll t ile c /W llf/C S w llic il 1 ) ( ' I \' as 111 ( /( / 1'o 5 1 1 1 ) ( 0 1 '

III J !a 'ra lld , Ill' c (1 Il( arc d a no th er a sp cc t o f th e /w d t no tuc t O il lIle , t ile ro le 0 1 t llc O IlC11'110 leaves. O Il C ( 'I 'c ll il l! !, u e S(l1\ ' 111 ( 'C ( ll 'i ll !1 t he i ll s ti tl it iO I l. T i ll ' I IC . \' t da ! l, 1 ) ( ' rCllcted,( ,\ 'C II t lW ll ff l1 Il l' I wd S CC II I II C J e( l\ 'C 0 11 other (1('((I.'\iOIl5 w it llO lrt /w ill!l c ilp a/Ilc o jc xp re ss ill !l t ll c ( 'lI Io tio ll t uu t Il l' I III 1S t IIIII'C Jdt. T ha t d a! !, II c p CI 'd O Il I IIC Il'Ililst ill aI li UI II! J a U! fI' cs si\ 'c , a lld a ls o a nx io lls , s ta tc ,

Tllis s cellc \I'a s ollly the prolo Ylic 1 0 a jilla / SC CIIC .Ivllicll rcslllted i ll I ll !! / Il 'i ll !ldcn llit il'd!l h,m /ellcd w ith all tiu: / ) (ld t i li l lYs thu; Iw d IIllJ IIIC Il( ,( / 1 0 Ililll, a lld illp ro je ct illY O il to IIIC the W o lf

So , bccause Is c d t o l el lv e, II'IIS IIw dc t o svcal iov till' oottl o Id ilt y w at er a lld \ Va sO Il t ile r cc ci vil lf l e lld o f the a fl !f l' C ssi vc pe (' , S o I\'as th e \Voltl Roher ! separ a ted h imse lr./iolll i t d ur il l! 1 O Il C s e s s io ll , hy slluttin{f III' i ll t ile toilets. t hc ll re turn cd to tile 1 '0 01 11w he re I VC Iw d t il e s es s io lls , a ll u lonc c lim /le d il l t o t lu: c lllp t! l/ wd , a lld s la rt ed t o 1 II 01 l1 l.H e c ou ld 1 I0 t ( '( lI II II C, W t 1 did 1 1 ( 1 1 ' ( ' t o CO I IICback . s i ll ce I w as t i, e p cm lm lc ll t p 'r so ll. IC (/IIle b ac k. H o/J ert w as s trc tc hc d o ut . p ath etic , h is t hu lllh 1111\\' wilhill {III illcll o r I li sm out t), A lld ,fo r t ilc jirs t tilllc ill a s es si ol l, u c h c ld O llt II is am ls 1 0 I II Cm I d l et h il l1 s d( lJ CCOllso led.Frolll tI,is s es sio ll 0 11 , t he ills titut io ll w itlle ss ed a to ta l c lW IlW ill his /wlwl ' iow .

I l uu ! till' illlprcssiOlI that h e h ad e .\o rc is cd th e \V o l f

III t ile next p llase, it was I wuo /IC C(/III!' t he \ Vo l! '!H e II wd c II SC o f t ile li tt le hi! o r COl ls t ruct io l l I l ( ' Iwd s l lceceded ill a ccO Il lp li sh il li l t o

p ro jc ct O il to 1 11 1' ll till' /){/d lle ss h c Iw d drunk: t lnd, ill SOIllC W i/! !, t o rediscover hisIIU'III0r!l. He \\'(/s thus p roW f' ss il 'c l, lj a /J lc t o /WCO II IC t li lW C s si l' e. This \\ 'a s to t urrrt ruuic . D riv en h ,lj ti, e [la st , h e h ad to /IC ( llIw cs sip c t o\ l'(m /,\ lIIe , a nd ue t. a t t he s miletilllC , ill t ill' present I was t ile 011(' he needed . J l uu! t o re as su re him /ly Illyillt elp re ta tio lls , s pm k t o h in : a b ou t t he p as t Il'Ilich w as f or ri ll !J u im t o b e t li! wc ss iv e,t ll ld ass ll re hun that it wouldn': ('(llise IIII' t o d is ap pe ar. n or s hi_ lt h im fro m w he re I l l 'w as , s O lll et hil li J I ll ' a lw i/ !l s t oo k a s i/ p lll li sll ll lc llt .

W hl'll he Iwd been ai!wcss ivc towards lIIe , ,,(, would Iry to des troy IIiII self. Hewould rqJr('scrrt IIillls clf h y t ile bo tt le , a/ld wO lild tm to hrcak it. I w Olild t ak e it out ofIIis / wl ld s, b cc au sc h e w as ll' t ill ant s tate to ( 'o pc wit/r /Ircakill[J it. He w Olild t he n t ak eUI I t I ) ( ' t llr ca d o r t he S C SS iO ll , a ll d /ris a i/ wc ss iv it !f t ow ar ds II II' c Ol lt il ll le d.

li t t ha t p oil lt . h c II wd e 1 11 1 'l ay t ll C r o/c o Ih is s ta rp ill , J 1 II 0t ll er , H ej (J rc l'd m(' t o s it 011a c /r ai r O il w/ricll a /11111/Or 1/1 ilk \ \'a s s al. s o t ha t J \ I' o ll id k ll o ck i t o w. ,- , thus deprivillIJ

Frolll t h t poillt Oil, lI e 1 1 01 00 IW r la lk cd a bo ut i t, a ll d c ou ld 11101'(' O Il t o til(' I ICx t p lwS l' -i ll tr a- li te ri ll e r C! J rc s si ol l. that is to say t lu: ( ,( JIl st rl lc ti on o r h is h od y, o f I I / ( ' / ) (Jdy-c!lo , 5I\'IIicll ue luuin' ! bcclI ah/c to do lip t ill then.

To IIS C tlu: d ia le ct ic t /r at iu: IIillls elr Iw d ( r/w a, lls IIs 1'd , t lla t 0 / t l, (' c ollt aillc d-c Oll la in er . R oh er ! \ I'a s o hli !J C d. i ll o rd er t o t 'O lls tr ll cl I li lJ ls c/ f, t o h c III!I ({)lIlcnl. h ut lu u!to lJ Iakc s lirc of Iii: p os sc ss io ll o f 111(', that is to s ay of his (uturc cO lltailllT,

He s ta rt cd t his IJ C rio c/ b ! !I IS ill i/ a /J ll ck clf lill o f 1\'(lIcr, t he I lm ld l ' o f II'I,icil I\'OS nuuu:ofrupc. Hc a / J so l ut c lu co 1 i1d1 I 0 t s t a ll d Illis rope Iwill!! a t t ac he d t o Illc t wo ciut. It i uu ! t oIW Il II 0 1 1o ll e s id e, Ia d /W CII s truc k h !/ t li ci ac t t ha t II'iICII llwd Iwd 10 t ic t t , rope lipaiJ oill [o r carryilli/ the / Jl lc k cl . h e h ad c x pl Ti 1' ll c1 'd p oi ll t ha t s C (' ll Ic d a /l ll O st p ll !! si ca l.O n c d o !! , Ill' pilI t ill ' b llc ke rf ul l o fw (/ t( 'l ' / wt wc 1'I 1/ li s I cy s, t oo k tlu: rop1' and / J ro ll il ht i ts('lid lip t o ius navel . IlU '1 1 I wd t he ilJ lp rc ss io ll t lw t t hc uuc i : Il'as IJI (" {III(/ Ill' wa sa tt ac hil l! J I lil ll Sl 'lj t o I IIC w it ll till I II II /J il ic a l c on i. T h1 'l l. Ill' O I' nt ll J'll cd t ile C O ll tC llt s o ft he b llc ke t o f w at er , t oo k a /l Il is c lO tll CS o lf '. a lld t he ll la !l d UI I' 1I ill t ill ' w at er , i ll a /o ct alP OS it iO ll, c llrlc d lip , s tre te /lillil Ilillls cl( O llt .Iio lJ l tilllC t o t illlC , a lld y oill!! so jilr asOPCllill!! {(lid d o si ll U h i s I Il O lI th O Il t il e l iq ui d, j us t a s a je )( 't ll s d ri ll ]. ;s t i, e a ll ll li ot ic /i ll id ,

, I, ng lis h il l th l' < >r ig il la !.


7/11

Freud's Papers 011 Technique 1 '1'i ~-I Y54 T li e 1 I' 0I I! T he 1 I ' 0 1 l ! 99

liS tl mos t recent A lI le ri Ul II n pc ri ll lC l lt s I I I\ 'C 5 1 10 \\ '1 1 .l l uu ! t lu : illlprcssioll t ha t th i:\ \ 'l IS 1 1 ( 1\ \ 'tu : \ \ 'l IS (O Il S tr uC t iI lY i Ii l1 l se l(

/ ;. \" cc cd il ly l! l l Iy it li te d l it the /)('!1illllill!/. uc / 1CC{ /l I lC l I \1 ' a rc 0 1 1 I c c rt ai ll r ca li ty ( U 'picaslirc. tuu! ( 'I 'c ry tl li ll !/ C l II 1l C to a c lim ax ill t \\ 'O k C !1 SCC II CS . c IH lc tc d ill all( '. \" tm o rd il ll lr il !! w l/ cc te d I Il ll ll ll cr . 1 I1 1 d\ \' it iI lIIl l Is t o ll is l li ll Y cO ll lp l et c ll cs s . !lil'cll Iris1 I! fC a l ld I I is ! Ic ll cr al c on di ti on ,

I II t iI c. fi rs t ( 'f tl re sc SCC II CS .H o be rt . n J II IJ il ct cl !l I ll lk cd l II ld ./ il C il li J I 1l C. coi lcctcd l l J i t i le\ \' lI tc r i ll I I is c lI pp cd i Il Il ld s . r ai se d it to t lu: Icvc! o fl lis s ll Olll de rs a lld ict it 1'1111il l ' l i ' Il iJ t i lo f I ,i s / ) 0 ( 1 , 1 1 . H e s ta rte d a frcs lr lik c t lus s c\ 'c ml t illl CS . a lld t iIc lI I/ (' s ai d t o I1 IC . s oft ly -Robert, Robert,

Thi IwptisIIl ill \ \'a lc r - / }( , (/ II SC it \ \'a s 1 I / Wp tiS III. y il'c lI tlu: co l/ cc t cd 1 I /( lI Il 1 cr ill\\' lric11 iu : lI( co ll lp li sl re d it - \ \'a s ./ i) l/o \\ 'c d b !! 1 I b a pt is l1 l ill III ilk.

Hc s tllrte d b y p la yill!! ill t lu: v ca tc : \ \' it lr l 1I or c p h' (/ sl lr l' than contcmpuniveues.'[ '/ ,( '1/. Ire t oo k I ri s ! lllI SS o f II I il k iu u! d rc lllk it. Then II I' p ut li Ie t ea t b ac k 0 11 al ld s ta rt edrl/llllillll tlu: l I li l k. /rO I Il t i Ic j i' cd il l !J - / JO t t ic tlu: I C I/ !1 th o li Ii s ! Jo d! !. As it didllt.flow./ilst( '1 I0 1 l! 11 1 , II ' t oo k t ir e t cu t o t t: an d s ta rt cd a frc slr. IlIa kill!/lIlilk ru ll o pe l' ilis cuest , Iii:,tU IIW el, 1 I1 1d alo ll!! u i p Cllis w itu 1 I1 1illtc lIs c tc clill!1 o f p lc as llrc . T ue n IlC t llrlle dtu mm ls IIIC . S llO wcd IIIC tlii p Cllis . t ok ill!l it ill Iris hand. \ \'il iI 1 I1 1lI ir o f c om nic trantur, Thcn u c d ra ll k S UIIl C mit): t hus p ll tt ill! l S O IlII' b ot il il ls id c a lld o ut su ic IIi 11 1 illS I lC I r a \ \ 'a !l t lu it t lu : CO l lt C ll t \ l' li S b o tl l cO ll tl li ll Cd a ll d CO I I/ lI iI lC r l it O I lCC , r c d is ( '( ) \' cr il l! ltlic S l II lI e s cel lc tbat Irc Iw d c llllc tc d \ \'it lr tilC \\'lIt cr.

Ilftcr that , lie c ou ld d rin k 1 11 i1 kf ro m t ile / lo tt lc . re st illY il l 1 1 1I ( /r 1 11S .b ll t i t \ \ '( /S III'\ I' ll (; I re l d t ir e b o tt le . It \ \'a s o nl y la te r tlu n h e c Olll d c op e w it lr l IIy ll Old ill fJ t ire bot t tc, asif t ir e \ \' 11 01 ('o f t lrc p as t f orlw de II im fr om t ak i'lg ill to IIilll. fro m m e. t ile cO lltellts o f s oesscnuu! 1 1 1 1 object .

Hi s desire jiJl symbiosis w as s til l ill c Ollflic t w itlr u is pa st. T lra t's \"'ly l,C o pte dfo rt he c XJ !e die ll t O flli pi llg I ri ms el f t lie o ot t Ie . B lI t a s l Ie a cq uir ed t il l' c :o :p cr ic llc e. b !l ' lle WI So fo tlre rfo ods . s uc li a s p ap alld c ake s. t uat tile fo od he receivedfrol11l11c III t ir e c ou rs e o jt lr is s ! lmb io s is didn ' ; lIIake hini illto a lIirl. Ire could tncn accept It from m e.

He firs t tric d t o (iW crc ntia te ilim se irIro m ml ' b!l s lra";IlY w itlr m e .. He y a\ '( ' ' ,1 1 (,c \' Cr !1 tl ri ll iJ t o c at , s ay il lg . I V i l i l e t ou cl ri ll{ / iJ im se lf - Robert. t l re l l tO l l c11H~{ / 111 ( ' .-NotRobert. I n u ul e q r ea t u s e o f this i ll l1 1 Y i ll te lp re ta ti ol ls t o I re lp I li m d zf fc re ll tw .t e IW II se /j .T i le s i t uat ion then ccased hc i ll ! l on u ; b et w ec ll ir im a ll d 1 1 11 '. l ll i u e b ro ll gl rt 11 1 t i zc l It t le! Ji rl s w lr o Irad in trcatmcllt. . . .It wa s a c as tra tio ll p ro bt en ; s il lc e III' knew tho: a l i tt le air! ca ll ie up j o r s eSSlO ll S \ \ ' lt lrII/(' hefore him (/Ild aitcr l li 1 11 . So t ir e 1 0 iJ i c o f emo t io l ls r equ ir ed that t ie t ur n Ir im se lj in toa !l ir l. s in ce i t wss a {l irl w lr o b ro ke t il e s iJ m bio sis I I ( ' I le ed ed w it lr 1 1 11 '.I 'l l ' s i tu at io ll \ :' as0111 'ofconflict. He p l( /y cd it O ll t i n d iff erc llt w ay s. p l'e illY s ca te d O il t ire p ot . or e ls e dO l 11 ! li t s t an d il lf / up . w iJ il e S l1 0W illf J I ri ms elf t o b e a yw cs si vc .

H ob ert w as 1 l0 W c ap ab lc o f r('c civ illY . lin d c ap ab le o f yivil l{/ . He !l m'C m e i zi s p oo lr\\' itho llt [ea o f beinf/ castrated biJ t iris o ift. ,So \VI' Irad go t to a staye ill t ir e t re at lll en t t lra t c all b e S II 11 II1 1( /" ;s ed a s j o ll ow s - t il e

co nte nts o f ht: I JO iy a rc n o 1 0 ll gC l' d es tr uc ti vc . b ad . H o be rt is canahu: of expressi ' lol I isaywcssiv i t ! ! ill peeill!! s talldin!! lip. \ \'it/lO ut t lIe cxis tl'1 lcc a 11 11 llteyrity of tllCcontainer. tluu. is to say uis hody, hciny P llt into q llcst ion.

T i le Ge se ll lQ il ad c 1l 11 nw dfr o1 11 43 t o St). aw l OIl t uc T em ra ll- l'v lc ri ll. Ill ' l uu l an lQof 75. Tile clinica! p ic tl lr c i la d c /U U 1! 1c d. u is 1 1 10 to r d if fi ci ll ti cs l ra d d is ap pc ar ed . a s \\'1'/1( ;s tile pro gllat ilis lII. W it il t llC o tucr cilildren. Ill' Iw d I}( 'co lllc friclld ly an d oftI'llp ro tec ti\'e o f t ile S lIIa llC l' o nc s. 0111' cO llld s tart to ;'Itcyratc Ililll illto tuc W OIl])a ct iv it ie s. O ,I1 y his lanYliaye remained flulimc'ltary. Robe r; lI( 'v cr P lit t o!J C ti lc rsentences. I l l ' ollly IIs cd key w ords .

1 1 1t ir e s u us c qu cu ! p lr as c s. lu : " lOvcd OIl to t i u : s ta w o f o ra l ( '( In st ru ct io ll.Thi s ta w is c.\ trl'lllc J!I d ifficilit . ve nt c O/llp lc x. F irs t o la l/. lre \l'a sfiJ llr w ars o ld a nd

iu: \ I' as 1 i\ 'i Il Y t ll l' O lI !1 1 1 t il e m o st p ri ", it i\ ,c o! t llC s ta !fC s. \ \'/rllt is 1 11 0re . th e o th erc lr il dr cI I t ua t I t/relllrlld ill trl' lltml'11t ill t ll is illS tit llt iO " \ \' IT C ! Iir ls . \ \'h ic lr crca ta : ap roh ll 'l ll ./ i, , lr im . F i na l/ !I Rolwrt 's p lit te rn s" o flw lr av io llr llll d n ot e nt ire I! ! d is ap pc arc dI Il 1d h ad II tC lld nlC !! t o ret 11m \\'lrCIICI'IT Irc encoun tered .frustratioll.

:Vt lT hi s hllpt is m h!l \I'a tcr tuu! m ilk. H obat s tarted to cxpcriellce the s ym bio sisw lr ic lr c lu tra ct cv is cs t ill ' p rim it i\ 'e l llO till 'r- elli ld r c/a /i on slli p. Bu t \ vh ell t il e c lri ld{ lc tW Il/ y t iv cs t il ro 1 I! 11 1t . thcr is nornui tu, 110proM ml o( scxuality . at least ill thed ir rc ti ou , , II'\I'-I)(mI to t ile mother . \\' lrams h rr e, t he re wa s OI lC .

Robe rt 1 / ( /1o se ! 111 ) I syml ) ios is witt: a ./ i' ll Ii ll in c 1 I 10 t lr er . v c lu c l: t hu s p r cs l '1 l tc d i ti in\\' it il t l u : p rob l cn: o ic us t r at io ll . 1 '1 11 'ro hlm l \ \'( IS t o w t I I im t o ( Ic ce pt ./ (} (Id W it /W ilt tlitsc ll tl li li ll !l I li s c as tr at io ll .

iltfirs t Ill' n pc rie nc cd t lris s ym l) io sis ill a s im pl e/o ,. "l, S C (lt cd 0 11 m !l k lle cs . Ir c l it e.T lrc lI. Irc t oo k m y )'ill!! I Il Id m !! \ I' at cl l 1 I1 1 d1 ) lI t t lr em ( Il l . ( I) ' I /( ' t oo k II p Cll ci lji o m m !lw lO ck wld hro ke it W it /I il is t ce ti l. T lr en I i n/ lT prl 't I' d i tfo r / rim . T lr is id en ti fic at io n \1'itll1 I Ul st m till !! p /rl ll/ ic " lO til a ) ,C ll lll ill Cd ./ i om t ilC II 011 \I'it/ lill t Irc p lllllC o f tile pa st. (Il1 d\\'IIS l ICCUII I /J t l ll il ' c/ hy (I r Cl lc ti ol l( l1 ( I! 1! 1r cs s i\ 'i ty \ \' lr os e " lO t iP lI ti 01 lS e ll ml fJ C d o ve r t im c .1/1' 110\\ ' ( 1 , , 1 , 1 1 h ro kc t ire Ic ati o r Ilis p mc il t o p lU lis l, /rim srIf.lin tlris a !/!f'"c ss ivit!l.

Then Ieft 01 1 iloliday. IV a s aW II !J j ( J I ' t wo I IlO lI t/ rS .Oil I I I ! , re tu rn , li e lI Ia dc a S C CII C wI Ji c1 1 s lr ow cd the coexis tl'1 l(c in /rim ho t/r o f

pat t r rns' [ron: tuc pas t and of the p re sent c ons t rl lc t io n .Wllile Iwa s away . ilis bei iaviouv ha d rem aine d a s it I r at i hcCI I- what t i ,e separa t io l l

lII ea llt t o ililll. ilis fe ar o f los i l lf l me . W ( lS e x pr es sed in t ile o ld \ V( lY , /J il t ill (l v cr y r ie llfils hio n. o n (lcc ou nt o f w lra t 1 1( 'Ira d s in ce a Clju irc d., W ilen I ret lim ed, he cm ptied o ut. as if to des troy them . t ill' m ilk . I,is pce. Iris po olr.tilen to ok o ff Iris s mo ck ( 1 1 1 1 t hre \\ ' i t in t il e w a te r. He t hlls d cs tro wd ilis o ld co nte ntsa lld Ilis o ld c Ollta illC l". re dis co ve red tirro lly ll th e t ra ll1 11 a o f m y (Ibs( '11ce.

T ile n ex t d ay . o ve rw he lm ed b ylli s p Sy c1 lO lo yi c( l1 re ac tio n. R ob ert e xp re ss cd h im se lf, Lnglish in th (' original. 7 Engl ish i n t hl ' o ri gi na l.


8/11

I()() Freud's Papers on Technique IlJS )-1 L)'i4 T / ,e \ I' o lf ! Tile \I'ull! WI

,lll t li e sO l 1 la t ic p lane - proli lsc duurt ioc. l' ol 1l it il l! /. j il ill til lU . H e cmp tic d li im s cl fc om ple te lU o i lit p a st i Il Il lUC . O ll lU I1 l! ! C 0 1 lt il ll lO l iS ] lr C SC l lc e c o uu ! m a kc th COlll lect io lllI'it l, a IlCII' il1 la!/C o r Ilil1 ls cll- likc a IlCII' birtt:

A t t ha t I Il O II lC I It . lie a cq ll ir ed a ll CI I' i l1 ll l!J l' o lh im se l( \ \ ' 1 ' sail ' hu n r c- cl la c ti ll !1 i ll t h escss io l l a l lc i el lt traunias II', kuc : lIotliill!! or Robcv t drank [ron: tl u: b ot t ie. pu t th eteat ill h is ca r. lin d then b ro ke t he bot iu : ill a cO l ld i ti o ll ( If aClite v io lence .

NOli', u c could do it wi t hou t th e illtew it!! or liis 0\\'11 /J(;d!l slI, l fcr il l{ f [ron: it. Hcs cp ar at ed li il1 ls cl fj l- om t ile s !lm /w l o ft ll c bo t t ic . I I li d cO li ld express l Ii 11 ls c {f tl mH i! lh t he/JOtt le qua o o ic ct. T iu s s e s si ol l \ \' as so s trik ill!/ - lie rcpCiltcd it t ll'ic c - that Imadcill(]lliries abou t I I' li a t hapPc l lcd 1\'1/('11 lie l uu ! 'Illd th IIIltrotOl1l!l a t tl u: O W Of. l11'C11I0I l tl ,S . \ \ ' 1 ' thcn t carne! that ill the 1: ' .N .T . II'ard w uc rc he l ia d / J cm o p er at e d upon .heliad n ot b ee !/iI'('1I allllll(l('stl,ctiC. a nd tlu n tlirollullolll t I / ( ' pa il l/ il l o pc ra t iO l I II /Jo t t leo r s \ \ 'ce tC1l cd Il'lIter l uu ! /J cm k ep t /IJ l'( {'d ill h is inoutu.

T his t ra lll1 la tic c pis od e c la rifie d t ill' illlilW th at R ob er t ha d constru cted 01 as t ar vi ll fl . p a ra ll oi ac . d ll ll f/ cr ol lS mother, 11 ' 110 ce rt a il ll !1 I It t ll c kcd uim. Then 'tiles cp ara tio ll. a uot t lc 1 1 1 ' 1 1 /J!I [o rcc . 11Iakill!/liil1l Sll'a/JolI' ui crics. Th e force-fcedill!/slI 'itli tI,C tuhe. t \\ 'e ll t! l- fi ve 1 I1 0 1 'e sill sll( 'cessio ll. I lu u! th e im pre ss io ll it lV as Robert 'st raWd.ll t hu! al l I r is o ra l- sadis tic j il l lt i ls ics Iuu! [1( 'CIIr c o u s c ill tI,C actua! events of hi suic . His /illltils ics liad [1 ('( ,011 lCrealit !1 . 'Latcl,I l . i l iavc h ad t o c on ir on ! u in : lVitll SOl1 lc tl r il l !/ r ca l . Il 'as a \ \' I, l jj i) l' a wa r . anti Ireturned eiflht months p rl'!/lla llt . H e sail' IIIC p rc !llIa llt . H e suirtct l p la !J i ll !/ \ \' it lr[antastc o r t lr c destruct ion of t l i i cJlifd.IisapP{ '(Ircd/or t li c b u t l) . Whife I II'IIS a\\'a!l. III!IIIIIS/Jlllid t oo k h im illto treatment .

alld h e a cted o ut th e des t ruc t i on of t hi c h it d . \1, ' IrCII Ie turned . Ill' SIIII' IIII' thin. II l1dchildless. S o h e lv aS c o nv in ce d th at h is iantusu: h ad b ec o me r el ll it !J . t ha t h e l u u ! killcdt lu: child. a nd tic nc c tlu tt II'ClS ! lo ill f! t o k il l h un .H e h as / J ( ,C I I( ' .\ ' t r( ' fl le l! ! d is t ll rbcd ill t lu: Iastfortllifl/rt. un unti! tlu: day I I '/ r c ll i te WIIS

a /J lc t o t el l II iC abou t it. 1 ' 1 1 1 ' 1 1 II l1d there . Io nfr on te d h im Il'ilIl rc alits; I / J ro u! ll It h imI II !J d ll ll fl /r tc r. i ll S Ii Ci r II lVay t luu. I I I' l I 'o l ild 11011' uc I I/ J le t o m a ke t ir e b re ll k. His l ev el o fa ! li t at i ol l S I I/ J s idcd in sta ntlu . a nd t il e I II '. \ 't da !J , l I' irm ll , ad u im Io r a s c ss io ll . i re s t ll rt e; [a t Ills t to demonstrate SOl l ie jea lo l lsy. I lc II'IIS [}('c01l1ill!1 at tac ircd to S01l1ct l li l l! l li l 'i l l[ Jtuul 1 I0 t t o dcati:

Tut s ci r ifd i rad al l l' ays remai llcdat tl lcs taW i l ll l .i l ir . h ji l ll t as icsarcreal i ties .T ll l lt iswh; ex pillills w iry iris [antasie o f i l lt ra-l i tcr i ll l ' [ ov n: lu u! [W I 'I I re l il i ty ill tiretre atm ent, s o t tuu Ire co uId p erform an nstunishinq c oll st mc li ol l. I fil l' l u u ! q on p as tt tiis s ta W. I w ouu in 't have [ IC ( , 11 I/ J Ic t o 11 l I 1 ' 1 ' sccllrcd this CO ll st rl lc ti ol l o f i ri ms e lf .

As Il'as s lI !li ll !! Y l's te rd ay . I I UI [ the impression ilia ; th is c hil d lu u! sunk u nd er th ereal. that at th e bc!!illllillfl o f t ire t re atm en t t he re lI'a s 110 s ym [lo lic fullc tio ll ill h im . s tilll es s 1 II 1 ima !l il la ry fW IC t iO I l.But he did have two words.

21\1. HVPPOLITI:: I lI'allt to a sk a lj ll CS ti oll II /J O li t t ile lI 'o rd WoW \ \'l lI' rc d id Woll1(O ll ie f rom?M MEL E FO R T: III (llildrell's homc, YO l i o f t c lI SCC I l1 r scs scm'i l l f/ then: l I' it h t il e l I' ol f.III the IlOlIIe vcuen: I ha d uu n ill t reatmellt . (Jill' d ll Y \ \' hc II t h e c lI il dr cl Il I' (' I' c i ll lp o ss i/ J ict o d c al lI'it/r. t h ey l I' er e suut ill t I ,C ch if d rc I I' s ! ll Ir del l. u iu ! a I Il 1 rse \ \ '( 'l It o l lt s ide to 1 1 0 1 1 ' 1lik c a lI'o lr so a s to lIIa ke tneu: [J C f lood.~1. HVPI'OLITE: It st i/J ua s t o l ie c xp la ill cd l I' ir yfc ar ill !l t ir e l I'o l/ to ok ' l O i d ill Ilim.jlls t as Il'illi so 1I11111!1other cirilclrm.M ME L EFO RT: T ir e I vo lr IVI lS qllilC elmd!! t I ,C dCI'o lir i ll f /mot lu 'I ' . ill part .M. HYI'I'OLITE: Do ! fO i l t lI il lk tua: t il l. ' \ V o if is alll'lIYs the devolirill!llllotlIcr?MME LEI'ORT: III cui ldren's stories. the wo lf is alll'a ys a/J ollt to cal. A t t ile o ral-sadist ic suu . t ile c iI ild l I'i si Ie s t o c at i ts motucr , an d t lunks tua! its mother is ! lo il lf ! t oc at it . It s inotlie: becol ll c s t il e \ \ '01(.IlIillk t ha t t ua t i s p r o[ wll l!! i ts ! IC ll cs is n u! I'III 1I0 t5;11'1'. In t lli s c lli l fis l Iis to r!l t il er; ' a rc I IW II !I O li ll !lS o f lViIicll I l i i i ! lI lOI' l Il l t. Ivlriell IIvaS11'i a ble t ar ill l[ O ll t auoui . W lic II iIc lI'a i, tc d to /I C a ! I! lr C ss iv e t owards 1 1 1 1 ' . i Ie d id ll ' t{ f0 O Il 11/1 [ ours . 1101 ' did uc b ark . A t th e 1 11 01 1IC IIIu: d ocs . N ow Ire kllo lV S tlillt he isIlIInHlII. [JI l t ne nc c d s .j r tn u t il ll C t o t i ll lc . t o i dcl lt ij !l lI il ll s c lr ll 'i tl l a n a n ima l. jlls t likc ac iIi ld o fc iu iI tc cll ll lO ll tiI s. A ll d w iI el l i II ' w al lt s t o b c a flw cs si l'c .l Ic cts 011 allfollrs. uu df loes wouh. wouh , IV it iIout t he l ea ! a ll xi et y. 1 '1 1 1'1 1II' su uu is u n a iu! ca rr ie s 01 1 witlrthe res t o f the sessio ll. He C I lI I s t i/ J 0 1 1 1 , 1 1 e xp rc ss l Iis ll fl! lrC s si vi t! ! a t tI,is Stll! fC.M. HYPI'OLITE: Y es . i t' s b ct we clI zwingen alld bezwingcn." There's alV orld o (d il fe re llc e b et ll 'c ell t ir e 1 I'0 rd i ll lp l!l ill !1 (,OIlslraillt. alld till' olle II'ldc!1 doc.~II t .COllstrail l t . Zwang. is t ile w olf 1 1 ' 1 1 0 cr ( , lI t es I I l1x ic t !! ill uim, a lld o llc e t ile IIl1 xie t!l isovercomc. Bezwingung. that's II'liell I re J lI II !! s t iI e w ol/ .M~~E LEFOHT: Yes . I lJ l li te (lW ec .Naturally the wolf raises all the problems of symbolism: it isn't a function with alimit, since we are forced to search out its origin in a general symbolisation.Why the wolf? We are not particularly familiar, in this part of the world. with

this character. The fact that it is the wolf who is chosen to produce these effectsties us straightaway to a broader function 011 the mythical. folklor ic . religious.primitive plane. The wolf is part of a complete filation. which connects up withsecret societies. with everything that implies in the way of initiation. either inthe adoption of a totem. or in the identtlicatlon with a character.

, Zwillllf' ll and lJ('zlI'iI11l"" arc both often roughly t rans la ted as ' to overcome. to vanquixh. 1 ,11 '111111i s the term most often rendered in Engli sh by ' rompulsion ' (cf . ' Z I I' 1 l I1 1 / S IH ' 1 1 I 't ) S (, . ZW t l ll l l S \(1 rs rcli!IIlf/'- 'obsess ional neurosi s' . 'obsess ional idea' ).


9/11

102 Freud's Papers on Techntque 1953-1954 T il e \ \' ol f! T il e \ \' ol (! 103

It is di fficult to draw these di stinc tions in relation to such an e lementaryphenomenon, but I would liketo draw your attention to the difference betweenthe super-ego and the ego-idea l. in the determina tion of repression,I don't know if you have realised the following - here we have two

conceptions which seem to lead in exactly opposit e di rec tions, as soon as onebrings them into play, in any kind ofdialect ic , inorder to explain the behaviourof a pat ient. The super-ego is const raining and the ego-idea l exal ting,These are things that one tends togloss over, because we move from one termto the other as if the two were synonymous, It is a question which is worthpur suing in re lat ion to the transference rela tionship, When one looks for thebas is of therapeutic action, one says that the subject identif ies the analyst withhi s ego-ideal or on the cont rary with h is super-ego, and, in the same text onesubstitutes one for the other in accordance with the unfolding of thedemonstra tion, wi thout rea lly expla ining what the diffe rence i s,Certainly I wi ll be led to examine the question of the super-ego, I shou ld say

from the sta rt tha t. ifwe don't l imit ourse lves to a bl ind, mythical usage of thi sterm, thi s key-word, thi s idol . the super-ego is essentia lly loca ted within thesymbolic plane of speech, in cont rast to the ego-idea l.The super-ego is an imperative, As i s indica ted by common sense and by theuses to which i t i s put. it i s consonan t with the reg ister and the idea of the law,

that is to say with the to tal ity of the system of language, in so fur it de fines thesituation of man as such, that is to say in so far as he is not just a biologicalind ividual . On the other hand, one should a lso emphasi se , as a counter to this,i ts senseless , blind character . ofpure imperativeness and s imple tyranny, Whatpath will allow us to bring these notions into a synthcsis?The super-ego has a relation to the law, and is at the same time a senseless

law, going so fa r as to become a fa ilure to recognise IIIUiCOl l l l !l isSl Il ICC 1 the law.That is always the way we see the super-ego acting in the neurotic, Isn't itbecause the morality of the neurotic is a senseless, destructive, purelyoppressive, almost always anti-legal morality, that it became necessary toe laborate on the func tion of the super-ego in ana lysis?The super-ego is at one an d the same time the law and its destruction, Assuch, i t isspeech itself , the commandment of law ,in so far as nothing more thanit s root remains, The law is enti rely reduced to something, which cannot evenbe expressed, like the YoII IIIlist, which isspeech deprived ofall its meaning, Itisin this sense that the super-ego ends up by being identified with only what ismost devas tating, most fascinating, in the primitive exper iences ofthe subject .It ends up being identi lled wi th what I call tize/i'roeiollsfigllrc, with the figureswhich we can l ink to p rimitive traumas the chi ld has suffe red, whatever theseare,ln this very special case, we see, embodied there, this function of language,

we touch on it in its most reduced form, reduced down to a word whose

meaning and Significance for the child we are not even able todefine, but whichnonetheless t ies h im to the community of mankind, As you have quite aptlyremarked, thi s isn't a wolf-child who might have l ived in a savage state , but aspeaking chi ld, and it is through this Woljl that you had the possibili ty , r ightfrom the beginning, of establishing a dialogue,What is r emarkab le in thi s case is the moment when, after a scene which you

described, the use of the word \Volj! disappeared, It is around this pivot oflanguage, of the relat ionship tothis word, which for Robert is the summary ofalaw, that the turning-point from the first to the second phase occurs, Therethen follows this extraordinary elaboration, brought to a close by this touchingsel f-bapt ism, when he ut ter s his own Christi an name, At that point we comeclose to the fundamental relat ion, in i ts most reduced form, ofman tolanguage,It is extraordinarily moving,What questions do you still want to raise?

MMEL e r 0 HT: W hat is the d iaiJllo sis?Well , there are some people who have al ready taken a stand on this, Lang, I'vebeen told that you had said something on this subject yesterday evening,something which appeared to me to be interes ting, Ihink the diagnosi s youmade isonly analog ica l. By making a refe rence to the ca tegories tha t exi st innosography, you uttered the word, , , ,DR LAN c: H a ll uc il wt or !1 d e/ ir iw n, 9 C h I C ClIII a/w a!ls tr!l to look for all alla/ 17 ! J . 1 1l ic tw l'e ll r el ati ve ly d ec p d is tu rb an ce ill the behaviour o f c /,ildrell and w uat W i' arc_ fi ll l1 i/ ia r w it h i n adults. A nd m ost O _ftI'IIw(, talk ahau! i ll /i ll lt i/ e s cl ,i zo p l, rl 'l Ii aw ll l' lI I Vedon ' t Cf l li te k l low wua t is IWPPcl li ll iJ , A l l e ss en ti al c l em c u! is la ck ill g h er e, needed illorder to talk o f s c hi zo p h re ni a, n an ic u , dissociatioll, 1 ' 1 1 ( ' 1 ' 1 ' is 110 dissociatioll, /){ ' ( ' (I I iSCthere is sc arc ely allY c onstru ctio ll, It sc clllc d to I1 IC r C lllillis(,C llt o f c ertaill [orm ofo rg (lI Iis at io n o f hnllucinaton; d elirilllll, Ilw d w eat reserv atio lls w stc rd a! l ev ellin[ l,b e ca u se t he re is a I IIa r[ lil l / )( 't ll'( 'C II d ir ec t o bs er va ti on o f t il l' c hi ld a t tI ,i s a ye aw l wuu;II'C knov fro m o w' u su a! IIo so Yrilp hy, III this part icular c as e m un u t ll il llJ S \ l'o u /d havet o b e c la ri fi ed ,Yes,That ishow Iunderstood what you had said when i twas passed on tome,A hallucinatory delirium, by which you mean a chronic hallucinatorypsychosis, has only one thing in common with what is happening in thissubjec t, and tha t is this dimension, which Mi lle Lefort subt ly high ligh ted,which is that this child lives only the real. If the word ualuictuation meanssomething, i t is this feeling ofreali ty , In hallucination there issomething whichthe patient truly takes to be real., The French term is ' dd i re' , notor iously dif ficult to t rans la te , s ince i t has a wider range than

' del ir ium' : i t ha s occup ied an important p la ce i n French psychia tr ic t ermino logy fo r we ll ove r acentury,


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]0 4 Freud's Papers on Technique Ilj:;~- lljS4 T il e \ \'O I I ! T il e 1 I ' 0 1 1 ! lO S

. '

You know how much this remains a problem, even in a hallucinatorypsychosis . In an adul t chronic hallucinatory psychosis , there is a synthesis ofthe imaginary and the real. which isthe enti re problem of psychosis . Here wefind a secondary imaginary elaboration which Mme Lefort has highl ighted.which is l iteral ly non-inexistence in the nascent state.It's a long time since I have re-examined the case. And vet, the last time we

met. I had put before you the grand schema of the vase and the flowers, inwhich the flowers are imaginary, virtual. illusory, and the vase real. orinversely. because one can set up the apparatus the other way round .At this juncture, al l I can do is point out to you the pertinence ofthis model.

constructed around the relation between the contained-flowers and thecontainer-vase. The container-contained system. which r already placed in theforeground with the signif icance that I give to the mirror-stage, is here seenbeing played out to the full, and quite nakedly. We see the child behaving inaccordance with the more or less mythical function of the container, and, asMme Lefort has noted, only being able to endure it being empty at the end. Tobecapable of enduring i ts empt iness is , in the end, to identi fy it as a truly humanobject, that is to say, an instrument, capable of being detached from itsfunction. And it is essential in so far as in the human world. there is not onlyuti li ty , but also the tool. 10 that is to say instruments, which exist as things inthei r own right .M. HYPPOLITE: Universal.

symho l in the sense ill \ \' hi ch u o u l ll ld er st al ld it. HOII'cI 'cr, yesterda!/. I ad theimp ressio n that M me Lefort talked abo llt tlicin a s s !lm bo ls .It's a difficult question. It is the one we are addressing here. in as much asi tmaybe 1:he key to what we designate as the ego. What is the ego? These aren'thomogeneous agencies. Some are realities. others are images. imaginaryfunctions. The ego i tself is one of them.This is what Iwould l iketo turn tobefore we leave. What rnusn 't be leftout iswhat you described to us in such an absorbing way at the beginning - the

motor act ivi ty of this chi ld . This child seems to have suffered no lesion of theorganic systems. What sort of motor behaviour has he now? How are hisgrasping gestures?1 \1 MEL E F () R T: To V I' slIre. I l l ' 110 I Ol lg er i s l iS h e II'IlS l it t il e h c yi ll l li ll ! J.

10 '[ 'utilc' and ' l 'outit ',

_At the beginning, as you have described him. when be wanted to reach anobject, he could only grasp itin one complete gesture. If this gesture failed him.he had to start again from the beginning. So he is in control of visualadaptat ion. but he suffers from disturbances of his sense ofdistance. This wi ldchild can always, like a well organised animal. catch what he wishes. But ifthere is something wrong or lacking in the act. he can only correct it in doingthe whole thing over again. Consequently, we can say that there doesn't seemto have been any deficiency or backwardness bearing on the pyramidal systemin this child. but we are confronted with signs offailures in the functions ofego-synthesis, in the sense in which we understand the ego in analytic theory.The lack of attention. the unart icula ted agi ta tion that you also observed. at

the beginning, must also belinked to failures ofthc ego's functlons.Bcsldes. oneshould take note that . in certa in respects, analyt ic theory goes sofar as to makesleep a function of thc ego.M MEL E r () I tT : F ro m tile m em orab le dl lY 1 1 ' 1 1 ( ' 1 1 l ie l oc k ed m1 ' lip. II is mo to rd is t u rb an ce s d im il li sl le d. a nd t ll is c ll il d. IvilO , w it ll er s le p t 1101' d r eamt , l ie f/ al l t o d r eamill t il e l Ii fl ll t. I Il 1d to c al l II i s m o th er ill h is d r eams .That is what I was trying to get at. I am not overlooking the direct relationbetween the atypicality of his sleep and the anomalous character of hisdevelopment. whose backwardness isto be placed precisely on the plane oftheimaginary. on the plane of t he ego in so far as it is an imaginary function. Thisobservation shows us that. from the backwardness of a given point inimaginary development, there ensues disturbances of certain functions whichare apparent ly ofa lower level than what we may call the superst ructural level .What gives this case it s special in terest i s the rela tion between the stric tly

sensorimotor maturation and the function of imaginary mastery by thesubject. That is tbe question. The point is to know to what extent it is thisparticular articulation which is involved in schizophrenia.

D H LAN (;: Tile w ay ill wh t c u till' wo { f c!UHlifCS [ nu n / Je in !l v e rt ic a l t o horizontai isra ther de / i! lh tj i l i. It does smll to mc p rec isely that til l' w olf o f the /Jeyinniny is l ivedthroll! l l l .It is neither him nor anyone else. at the beginning.DIt LAN(;: It's rcaliu;No, r think that itisessentially speech reduced down to its core. It isneither himnor anyone else. IIeisclearly the wol.f! inso far ashe says this very word. But the\\'olf! is anything in so far as it can be named. Here you see the nodal state ofspeech. Here the ego is completely chaotic. speech has come to a halt. But.s tarting with the wol f ! he will be able to take his place and construct himself.DIt BAR(;UES: I no tic ed thc jac : that there WIIS I I c / ll l ni /l ' l it 11 p ar tic u la r m om cn t.w hen tiu: c hild p la!Jl'd w ith his exc rement. Ill ' [ 1 1 I 1 ' e . t ranstonned and too k sandlind water. I think that it is the imaq inaru w hich he started to c onstruc t andre vea l. H I' c ou ld a lre ad y ta ke 11 q reater d istanc e fro m tlu : o biec i. his exc rement. andthe n h e d istan ce d IIim seIfIlirth l'r a nd further. I do n't tll ink that o lle can talk o I tile


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JO b Freud's Papers on Technique 1953-1954" IXccording to our incl ina tion and the idea each ofus has of schizophrenia. ofit s mechanism and of i ts fundamental source. we can inc lude or exc lude thi s

case from the category of schizophrenic i llness .Itis clear tha t it isn't schizophrenia in the sense o fa state, in as much as you

have showed us its significance and its movement. But there is here aschizophrenic structure of the relation to the world and an entire set ofphenomena that we could, if n eed be, bring into line with the catatonic set ofphenomena, To besure . stric tly speaking there i sno symptom of i t. so that wecan p lace the case , asLang did, in anyone given ca tegory. only in order to giveit an approximate location. But some deficiencies, some failures in adaptat ionto the human, po int towards something which la te r. analogical ly speaking ,would present i tself as a schizophrenia.I think that one can 't say any more about it , except tha t i t i swhat one ca ll s an

exemplary case. After all. we have no reason to think that the nosologicalcategories have been there all along, await ing us from eternity. As Peguy said,the little pegs always fit into the little holes, but there comes a time when thelittle pegs no longer correspond to the little holes, That it is a question ofphenomena of a psychotic nature, more exactly of phenomena which mayterminate in psychosis , seems indisputablc to me. Which doesn 't mean that allpsychoses have analogous beginnings.

On narcissismCO~ C ER N I ~(; PER FOR MA rr v ES 1

SEXUALITY A~IJ LIBIDOFRFl D OR J[,~G

THE IMAGII ARY 1:-1 NEt ROSIS[ HE SYMBOLIC IN PSYCHOSIS

For those who weren't here last t ime, I am going to apprai se the u til ity as I see i t-of bringing Freud 's art icle 'Zur irljl'i/mlllU de s Na rz i ss n iu s ' in at this point.

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] () M a rc il 1

Lacan S-1 the Wolf

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