Labor Force in North Labor Force in North AmericaAmerica

Learning Target: To evaluate Learning Target: To evaluate and contrast the different and contrast the different sources of labor used in the sources of labor used in the English Colonies.English Colonies.

First Source of LaborFirst Source of Labor

Native Americans Native Americans – First used by the SpanishFirst used by the Spanish

– Why was this ineffective in the English Why was this ineffective in the English Colonies?Colonies?Helped settlers early onHelped settlers early onDiseaseDiseaseHard to keep captive, could run away easilyHard to keep captive, could run away easilyEventually some fought backEventually some fought back

Indentured ServantsIndentured Servants How did this system work?How did this system work?

– Passage in exchange for labor (5-7 years)Passage in exchange for labor (5-7 years)– Freedom duesFreedom dues– SpiritsSpirits– RedemptionersRedemptioners

Early forms Early forms – Patroons- DutchPatroons- Dutch– Engages- FrenchEngages- French– Virginia Company-JamestownVirginia Company-Jamestown

Why didn’t this system last?Why didn’t this system last?

SlaverySlavery Not a new concept- been around since Not a new concept- been around since

humans have recorded timehumans have recorded time Not specific to one societyNot specific to one society Advantages of slaveryAdvantages of slavery

– Consistent supply of labor- service never Consistent supply of labor- service never expiredexpired

– Would do the work most other people wouldn’t Would do the work most other people wouldn’t dodo

– No protection under English lawNo protection under English law– Difficult to escape into surroundingDifficult to escape into surrounding– They are your propertyThey are your property

Could be bought and sold, investmentCould be bought and sold, investment

– Other ideas?Other ideas?

RacismRacism

Ideology based on the belief that Ideology based on the belief that some races are inherently superior to some races are inherently superior to others, so they are entitled to rule others, so they are entitled to rule over themover them

Not at this timeNot at this time More of an issue of More of an issue of

– Civilization vs. barbarismCivilization vs. barbarism– Christianity vs. heathenismChristianity vs. heathenism

Beginnings of SlaveryBeginnings of Slavery

Importance of crops like tobacco, Importance of crops like tobacco, rice, and sugarrice, and sugar

At first dominated by the DutchAt first dominated by the Dutch

First slaves to arrive 1619- 20 blacks First slaves to arrive 1619- 20 blacks brought to Virginia by the Dutchbrought to Virginia by the Dutch

What was the difference What was the difference between a house servant between a house servant (slave) and a field slave (slave) and a field slave (plantation)?(plantation)?

MercantilismMercantilism

What was it?What was it?– New economic policy on the basis that England New economic policy on the basis that England

should enjoy the profits from its empire.should enjoy the profits from its empire. Enumerated goodsEnumerated goods Transported in English ShipsTransported in English Ships Sold initially in English portsSold initially in English ports Custom duties paidCustom duties paid

How did this encourage slavery?How did this encourage slavery?

How did Bacon’s Rebellion bring How did Bacon’s Rebellion bring about a change from indentured about a change from indentured servants to slavery?servants to slavery?– Think about:Think about:

FreedomFreedom

““English Liberties”English Liberties”

Desire to own landDesire to own land

So what are the differences between So what are the differences between indentured servants and slaves?indentured servants and slaves?

The colonies go from a “society with The colonies go from a “society with slaves” to a “slave society”slaves” to a “slave society”

How did this increase the demand for How did this increase the demand for the slave trade?the slave trade?

Triangular slave tradeTriangular slave trade