Label Your Foldable: Magna Carta Mayflower Compact English Bill of Rights Common Sense FLREA...

FLREA Copyright 2012

Label Your Foldable:

Magna Carta

Mayflower Compact

English Bill of Rights

Common Sense


Inspiration for a New Nation• Where did the colonists and the Founding

Fathers get their ideas about our government?


Magna Carta

This was the first example of limited government.

Why is the concept of “limited government” important?

What would a government without limits be like?

Specifically, a limited monarchy

The Magna Carta also addressed the “Rule of Law”

• What do you think “Rule of Law” means?– No one – not the King, the President,

celebrities, you, the teacher, the principal – is above the law.

– Everyone is equal under the lawRULE OF LAW



Inspiration for the

Nation

Limited Government

Rule of Law

Magna Carta

Mayflower Compact• Written aboard the Mayflower in

1620 before the ship landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.

• Signed by most passengers on the voyage

“…Having undertaken…a Voyage to plant the First Colony in the Northern parts of Virginia, do by these present solemnly and mutually in

the presence of…one another, Covenant and Combine ourselves together into a Civil Body Politic, for our better ordering and

preservation…to enact constitute, and frame such just and equal Laws, Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions, and offices from time to time , as shall

be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the colony…”

Image from http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/revolution/revgfx/may-compact.jpg


http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/revolution/revgfx/may-compact.jpg




Here is a short video about the Mayflower Compact:

Should you experience problems with the video, click HERE. FLREA Copyright 2012

http://www.videopediaworld.com/video/24891/The-American-Revolution-Mayflower-Compact

Mayflower Compact

This document served as an example of self government and consent of the governed.

Why would the colonists want to create a document establishing

self government?

Why would government be necessary according to the

Mayflower Compact?

“…For our better ordering and preservation…”



Inspiration for the

Nation

Limited Government

Rule of Law

Self Government

Consent of the

Governed

Magna Carta

Mayflower Compact

English Bill of Rights • Written in 1689 in England• Authored by members of Parliament (the legislative

branch, or the branch that makes laws)• This document established a limited monarchy (king)

and gave more power to Parliament.

That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor

excessive fines imposed; nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

“That the freedom of speech, and debates or proceedings in parliament, ought not to be

impeached or questioned in any court or place out of parliament.”



English Bill of Rights – The monarchy was not allowed to:

• Collect taxes without consent of Parliament • Interfere with the right to free speech and debate in

Parliament• Maintain an army in peace time • Require excessive bail or cruel punishments for those

accused or convicted of crimes• Declare laws made by Parliament should not be obeyed

Here we have another example of limited government.

Specifically, a limited monarchy

Also in the English Bill of Rights …

RULE OF LAW

The English Bill of Rights included limits on the power of the king.



Inspiration for the

Nation

Limited Government

Rule of Law

Self Government

Consent of the

Governed

Limited Monarchy

Rule of Law

Magna Carta


Mayflower Compact


“Common Sense” • Written by Thomas Paine• Published in 1776• Challenged the authority of the British

government and the royal monarchy. • First work to openly ask for

independence from Great Britain.• Discussed the purpose of government

and the need for independence from Great Britain

Oil painting by Auguste Millière (1880) from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Paine


Common Sense

Society in every state is a blessing, but Government, even in its best state, is but a necessary evil…Wherefore, security being the true design and end of government, it unanswerably follows that whatever form

thereof appears most likely to ensure it to us, with the least expense and greatest benefit,

is preferable to all others.


Inspiration for the NationMagna Carta


Mayflower Compact Limited Government

Rule of Law

Self Government

Consent of the Governed

Limited Monarchy

Rule of Law

Purpose of Government –

security of the people

Common Sense

Where did the Articles of Confederation go Wrong? • Congress was not given any power to tax the

people– No taxes=no money to run the country

Make it Modern! If there was no power to tax (raise money to run the country), what would be

missing in the United States today?

• Congress had no power to enforce its own laws in the states– No enforcement=people in various states doing what

they want

Where did the Articles of Confederation go Wrong?

Make it Modern! If there was no enforcement of laws, what would the United States be like

today?

• Congress could not make states follow trade agreements with other nations– Bad trading relations with other counties = no

international trade


Make it Modern! If no one followed trade agreements with other nations, what would the United

States be like today?

• Congress could not regulate trade between the states.– High trading taxes between states = difficulty

trading goods = slow business = lost jobs


Make it Modern! If the government could not regulate trade between the states, what would

state relations be like?

• Citizens in states thought their property rights were being violated– Violated property rights = need for national

government to check the states


Make it Modern! If there were no property rights for citizens, what would the United States be like

today?

Click HERE to see how countries rank in the 2012 International

Property Rights Index

http://www.internationalpropertyrightsindex.org/ranking

• There was no national court system– No national court system = different systems by state = confusion in

the justice system– Interstate issues would have no courts to go to on the federal level– No means of checking the laws of the legislature


Make it Modern! If there were no national court system, what would the United States be like

today?

• There was no executive branch for the central government– This means there was no President or party responsible for enforcing

laws; no authority behind the laws– There was no figure head for the government – No means of checking the policies created by the legislature (what

happens when all power is in one branch of government?)


Make it Modern! If there were no executive branch, what would the United States be like today?

• It required a unanimous vote to make changes to the Articles– This made it very difficult to make any changes to the Articles– Federal laws required that 9 of the 13 states approve a new

law; hard to pass new laws that might be needed.


Make it Modern! If there were a requirement to reach a unanimous decision to amend the U.S.

Constitution, what would the United States be like today?

Using your copy of the Constitution, read the amendments in the United States Constitution that would not have been added if there had been a requirement for a unanimous decision to include that amendment. List 3 Amendments you

think are the most important that have been added since the ratification of the Constitution and discuss what the United States would be like without those

amendments.

27 Amendments I (1)

freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, petition

II (2) right to bear armsIII (3) quartering of troopsIV (4) search and seizureV (5) due process, double jeopardy, self-

incriminationVI (6) jury trial, right to counselVII (7) common law suitsVIII (8) excess bail or fines, cruel and

unusual punishmentIX (9) rights not namedX (10) powers reserved to statesXI (11) lawsuits against a stateXII (12) election of president and vice

presidentXIII (13) abolition of slaveryXIV (14) due process, equal protection,

privileges of citizens

XV (15) rights not to be denied because of race

XVI (16) income taxXVII (17) Direct election of senatorsXVIII (18) Prohibition (no alcohol)XIX (19) women's right to voteXX (20) presidential term and

successionXXI (21) repeal of ProhibitionXXII (22) president limited to 2 termsXXIII (23) presidential vote for persons in

D.C.XXIV (24) no poll taxXXV (25) presidential successionXXVI (26) right to vote at age 18XXVII (27)

compensation of members of Congress

What FOrms of government are out there?

Exploring Governments Throughout the World

Where did the Founders get a model for government?

The Founders modeled our government based on the Roman Republic.

“Republic” comes from the latin “res publica” which means thing or property of the people.

So, a republic is a country that has a government in which power is held by the

people.

WORD WALL WORD!

FLREA © 2012

WORD WALL WORD!

What is a “Democracy”?

Democracy is literally defined as “rule of the people” This means that a government that takes the form of

a democracy is one in which all citizens can exercise some kind of political power What are some examples of “political power” citizens

can exercise? Voting Running for office Contacting public officials

FLREA © 2012

What kinds of republican government are there?

• Direct Democracy– Based on the definition of “democracy” how would you

define a direct democracy? – Draw a picture to illustrate your definition of direct

democracy!• Representative Democracy– What is a “representative”?

• An elected person to act and speak on behalf of others

– Based on the definition of “representative” and “democracy”, how you would define representative democracy?

– Draw a picture to illustrate your definition of representative democracy!FLREA © 2012

What is direct democracy?

• Direct democracy is a government where the people have an individual voice in government.

Government

FLREA © 2012


Government

What would you say…

• The advantages are to direct democracy?– Every individual has a

voice in government – Works well in small

communities.• If we take a vote in

the classroom, we are acting as a direct democracy.

The disadvantages are to direct democracy? Too many voices at once Only works in small

communities Not efficient

What do you mean? WORD WALL

WORD! What is the common good?

It is what is best for the most amount of people…

• Individual becomes greater than the common good

FLREA © 2012

Common Good

• Common good – good of the community as a whole• When do we act in favor of the common good on a

daily basis? – For example, if I were ordering pizza for the whole class,

would I just order my favorite (and we will pretend my favorite is anchovies with pineapple)

or would I get something that the class as a whole would enjoy (like plain cheese or peperoni)?

– Acting in favor of the common good puts the group before the individual. • Why is this a good thing?

FLREA © 2012

What is Representative Democracy?

• Representative democracy is a system where individuals have a voice in government through elected representatives

Government

FLREA © 2012

What would you say…

• The advantages are to representative democracy?– Representatives are elected to

represent the common good instead of individual interests

– Representatives make the system more efficient – it’s their job to know the laws and the system

– People get a say in government through someone elected by the people

– Works well in large areas with diverse populations

The disadvantages are to representative democracy? Individuals must set

aside their private interests and personal concerns for the sake of the whole – some people are not comfortable with this

FLREA © 2012

SPEED DATE!• Everyone stand up.• Half of the class, go to one side of the room. The

other side of the class, go to the other side.• Line up facing each other.• You will have 1 minute each. One side will speak,

the other side will listen only. After one minute, the other side may speak. You must use the entire minute to explain your answer!

• After each side has spoken, one line will shift down one person. The person on the end will go to the other end of the line.

ONE MINUTE

FLREA © 2012

So we learned about representative governments….

What other kinds of governments are out there?

• Direct Democracy• Representative Democracy• Communism • Monarchy• Oligarchy• Autocracy

Saudi Arabia

Vietnam

North Korea

FLREA © 2012

As these governments are being discussed…

• Draw a diagram of the government we are discussing.

• Think about the definition and illustrate the definition in a way that makes sense to you.

• Some examples would be the direct democracy and representative democracy diagrams:

Government Government

FLREA © 2012

Communism

• In a communist government, the government believes in owning all means of production and eliminating private property– This means that all things are owned by the

government and shared by the people. – The intention of this system is to ensure that

everyone has equal access and property• However, this system can become corrupt quickly

with the government removing all rights of the people

Vietnam

FLREA © 2012

MonarchyA monarchy has a king, queen,

emperor or empress.The ruling position can be passed on

to the ruler’s heirs. In some traditional monarchies, the

monarch has absolute power, like in Saudi Arabia.

But a constitutional monarchy, like the United Kingdom, also has a democratic government that limits the monarch's control. Queen Elizabeth II

King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia

Image from the New York Post

FLREA © 2012

OligarchyA government in which control is

exercised by a small group of individuals whose authority generally is based on wealth or power

This power may not always be exercised openly. Oligarchs sometimes prefer to remain the “power behind the throne.”

A modern example of oligarchy could be seen in South Africa during the 20th century where oligarchy was based on racism.

FLREA © 2012

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://en.citizendium.org/images/thumb/f/fe/Apartheid_sign.jpg/350px-Apartheid_sign.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/South_Africa&usg=__88kQzcuI-gXinm3WX0jroGpStko=&h=307&w=350&sz=25&hl=en&start=49&itbs=1&tbnid=RuBvX2IToAzqoM:&tbnh=105&tbnw=120&prev=/images?q=apartheid+in+south+africa&start=40&hl=en&sa=N&gbv=2&ndsp=20&tbs=isch:1

Autocracy A government ruled by a

single leader who has unlimited power and denies peoples’ fundamental rights.

In a military dictatorship, the army is in control. One person is in charge and often takes over by force.

Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Sadam Hussein were examples

FLREA © 2012

What Do these Governments

Look Like?

What else is there?

• Another type of government is anarchy. – Anarchy is when there is a complete breakdown of

government and the people fall into a start of chaos. There is no organization or control.

FLREA © 2012

What else is there?

• Socialism is an economic system and political theory – First, what is an economic system? – A system of production and consumption of goods and

services of a community• This includes the wealth and resources of a nation• The government’s role (or absence of a role) in the regulation of

business and production.

• Socialism is an economic system which 1. Promotes collective or governmental ownership2. Administration of the means of production and

distribution of goods by government or collective groups

1. This results in no free, competitive, private businesses FLREA © 2012

Other items:

• Top law Enforcement Officer in a Florida County: Sheriff

Label Your Foldable: Magna Carta Mayflower Compact English Bill of Rights Common Sense FLREA...

Documents

Transcript of Label Your Foldable: Magna Carta Mayflower Compact English Bill of Rights Common Sense FLREA...