Lab 16 Glands Digestive Glands Introduction 16 –Digestive Glands A560 –Fall 2015 I. Introduction...
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Transcript of Lab 16 Glands Digestive Glands Introduction 16 –Digestive Glands A560 –Fall 2015 I. Introduction...
DigestiveGlandsLab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Fig15‐1,Junqueira,13th ed.
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Learning Objectives
1. Review the secretory units of the salivary glands.
2. Understand the structure and function of the cuboidal epithelium cellscomprising the ducts.
3. Compare and contrast the histology and exocrine function of the pancreas withthat of the parotid salivary gland.
4. Understand the overall organization of lobes and vasculature in the liver.
5. Understand the microvascular features specific to the liver and the function ofthe hepatocytes.
6. Understand the origin of bile and the system transporting it from the liver.
7. Understand the structure of the gall bladder wall and how it facilitates theorgan’s function.
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
ComparisonofMajorSalivaryGlands
Slide132:ParotidGland,H&E Slide11:SubmandibularGland,PAS&AB
• Compoundacinar• Serousacinionly
• Compoundtubuloacinar• Serousaciniandmucuous tubules• Serousdemilunes
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
ExcretoryPathwayfromSalivaryGlands
Secretory cells
Intercalated ducts: small/closed‐appearing lumen (generally smaller than acinus); linedwith simple squamous or cuboidal epithelium; often surrounded by myoepithelial cells
Striated (intralobular) ducts: larger, open lumen; lined with simple cuboidal (or columnar)cells with basal striations
Interlobular ducts: in septa; increasing size; and epithelium transitioning from simplecuboidal to columnar epithelium; may be stratified
Excretory (lobar) ducts: largest; from superficial and deep lobes of gland; stratifiedcuboidal or maybe columnar epithelium
“Excretory”
Intralob
ular
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide132:ParotidGland,H&E
septa dividelobulesofglands
capsule
lobule
excretoryduct
striatedductspresence of ducts distinguishes organ as exocrine gland – sonot to be confused with any of the lymphoid structures
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide132:ParotidGland,H&E
adipose excretoryductstriatedducts
septum
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide132:ParotidGland,H&E
excretoryductinseptum
striatedductparenchymaiscomposedofserousacinionly
adipose
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide132:ParotidGland,H&E
striatedductwithfaint“striation”’inbasalhalfof
cellperpendiculartolumen
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide11:SubmandibularGland,PASAB
Darkstainingcells=mucouscellsLightstainingcells=serouscells
parenchymaconsistsofboth serous and
mucouscells
striatedduct
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide11:SubmandibularGland,PASAB
excretoryduct
Noticethedifferenceintissuelininglumenbetweenductandvessel
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Serous acini secrete non‐glycosylated protein products and stain strongly due to theirabundant rER and secretory granules; Mucous acini secrete mucus (mucopolysaccharide)and contain little rER so tend to be poorer‐staining with most general stains
Slide72:SubmandibularGland,H&Phloxine
Mucouscells
Mucous=Adj.Mucus=Noun
Serouscells
Serousdemilune:“halfmoon”shapeofserousportionofglandsurroundingmucousportion
striatedducts
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide15:Pancreas,H&E
likethesalivaryglands,noticeorganizationintoof
pancreas(compoundacinar)intolobules,separatedbyCTsepta;however,notice
thelackofconspicuousstriated(intralobular)ductsinthelobulesaswereseen
inthesalivaryglands
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide154:Pancreas,H&E
pancreasisdividedintoexcretoryandendocrineportions:
Darkcells=secretoryacini (excretory)
Lightclustersofcells=Pancreaticislets (endocrine)(IsletsofLangerhans)
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide154:Pancreas,H&E
intralobular excretoryduct(onlyonetypeofintralobularduct,unlikeinsalivaryglands)
pancreaticisletorisletofLangerhans(endocrine)
Secretoryacini(exocrine)
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide154:Pancreas,H&E
secretoryacinus
serous acini of the exocrine pancreas have 5‐10 cells facing central lumen; apical ends areeosinophilic due to secretory granules; basal ends are basophilic due to nucleus and rER
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide24:Liver&GB,MassonTrichrome
largerspaces=portaltriads
smallerspaces=centralveins
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
bileduct
hepaticartery
portaltriad
Slide141:Liver,H&E
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
PortalTract/Triadhepaticportalvein
bileduct
hepaticartery
Slide141:Liver,H&E
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide24:Liver,MassonTrichrome
centralvein
hepaticlobule
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide29:Liver,H&E
portaltriad
centralvein
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide24:Liver,MassonTrichrome
hepatocytes
Kupffer cell(macrophage)insinusoid
hepaticsinusoidslinedbyendothelialcells
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide24:Liver,MassonTrichrome
lipofuscin
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide94:Gallbladder,Trichrome
mucosa
serosaonfreesurface;
coveredbyadventitiawhereboundbyliver
muscularis
laminaproprialumen
note the lack ofmuscularis mucosae and submucosa;the lamina propria is directly on the muscularis layer
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
mucosalfold/ruga:transientfoldsofmucosa;disappearwhengallbladderisfull
Slide94:Gallbladder,Trichrome
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
simplecolumnarepithelium,withNOgobletcells
verythinbasementmembrane
Slide94:Gallbladder,Trichrome
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Slide105:Gallbladder,H&E
epithelium
laminapropria
muscularis
serosa/adventitia
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Gallstones
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
EMstoExamine
Fig16‐4:SerousandmucouscellsFig16‐10:PancreaticacinarcellsFig16‐14:Hepatocytes,perisinusoidal space,andbilecanaliculiFig16‐20:Gallbladder
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Common Confusion:Parotid gland vs. Pancreas
Slide 132, Parotid Gland
Parotid Gland:major salivary gland located in front of ear;almost exclusively serous cells that produce a thin waterysecretion rich in enzymes (e.g., amylase)
Look for: (1) striated (intralobular) ducts are readilyvisible; (2) surrounded by CT capsule with defined septa;(3) adipocytes may be present between lobules
Pancreas: exocrine and endocrine gland located in upperleft of abdomen; exocrine portion is purely serous andempties into the duodenum
Look for: (1) pale‐staining pancreatic islets (endocrine);(2) ducts are fewer and less readily seen; (3) surroundedby loose CT or very thin capsule with delicate septa; (4) athigher magnification, pale‐staining centroacinar cells(where duct inserts into acinus) may be seen
Slide 44, Pancreas
Lab16–DigestiveGlandsA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A. SalivaryGlands1. Parotidgland2. Submandibulargland
B. PancreasC. LiverD. GallBladder
IV. Summary
Common Confusion:Pancreas vs. Spleen
Pancreas: exocrine and endocrine gland located in upperabdomen; exocrine portion is purely serous and emptiesinto the duodenum
Look for: (1) exocrine gland, so ducts are present; (2) pale‐staining pancreatic islets (endocrine) have homochromaticappearance; (3) at higher magnification, cells arranged inacinar configuration
Spleen: highly‐vascular abdominal organ with abundantlymphoid tissue; filters the blood, providing immunefunctions and removal/destruction of old or faulty redblood cells
Look for: (1) no exocrine tissue, so lacks ducts; (2) whitepulp has heterochromatic staining, e.g., pale germinalcenters surrounded by dark mantle zone; (3) no acinipresent; (4) numerous trabeculae
Slide 68, Spleen
Slide 154, Pancreas