L3: Revolutionary Changes in Social Life: Changes in the Meaning of Work

AgendaObjective: To understand…1. What working conditions were

like in the factory system.2. How these working conditions

differed from what work was like under the domestic system

3. How and why working conditions became a means of controlling workers both physically, psychologically, and morally.

4. How the meaning of work changed for both workers and employers under the factory system.

Schedule: 1. Discussion: Work in the Factory

System

Homework:1.Read “The

Emergence of the Industrial Family” for Lesson 4. See unit schedule for questions to think about.

Orange = Thurs 9/4

Yellow = Thurs 9/4

Work in the Factory System Discussion

Mill Clock

• Many mills have a clock turned by the mill; close to another clock regulated by a pendulum, and the motion of the mill is so regular, that these two clocks will never vary more than two or three minutes. Both are made with dials and hands exactly alike, but one has a title on the dial, mill time, and the other, clock time.

- The Rees Cyclopedia (1802-1820)

The Mill Clock

Victorian clock from Pyemore Mill, near Bridport, DorsetJ.M. Richards, The Functional Tradition in Early Industrial Buildings, 109

clock timemill time,

as measured

by waterwheel

The Factory As Machine

• Individual machines as coordinated parts of larger, continuously operating mechanism– Central power source (whether water or

steam) driving all machines at coordinated rates (allude to other forms of organization made possible by small electric motors)

– Inherent in factory itself and reinforced by every step of increased mechanization

What Happens to the Worker in A Factory

Machine?