L003 Network Computing

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CT053-3-2 Management Information Systems in Organizations 1

Network Computing: Discovery, Communication,

and Collaboration

Source: Information Technology For Management 5th Edition By: Turban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe
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Learning Objectives

Explain the concepts of the Internet and theWeb, their importance, and their capabilities.

Explain the role of intranets, extranets, and

corporate portals for organizations. Identify the various ways in whichcommunication is executed over theInternet.

Demonstrate how people collaborate overthe Internet, intranets, and extranets usingvarious supporting tools, including voicetechnology and teleconferencing.
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Network Computing

The vast web of electronic networks, referred to as theinformation superhighway or Internet links the computingresources of businesses, government, and educationalinstitutions using a common computer communication protocol,TCP/IP. The World Wide Web---the Web--is the most widely

used application on the Internet.

CollaborationCollaboration

CommunicationCommunication

DiscoveryDiscovery
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Internet Application Categories

Discovery:Discovery involves browsing and information retrieval.

Communication:The Internet provides fast and inexpensivecommunication channels that range from messages posted on onlinebulletin boards to complex information exchanges among many

organizations. Collaboration:Due to improved communication, electronic

collaboration between individuals and/or groups ranging from screensharing and teleconferencing to group support systems.

The Netis also used for:

Education Entertainment: People can access the content of newspapers,magazines, and books. Correspond with friends and family, playgames, listen to music, view movies and other cultural events.

Work: They can download documents, do research.


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The Network Computing Infrastructure

Intranet: a network designed to serve the internal

informational needs of a company, using Internet concepts andtools.

Browsing and Search capabilities.

Support communication and collaboration.

Extranet: An extranet is an infrastructure that allows securecommunications (connects the intranets of differentorganizations) among business partners over the Internet.

Enables business-to-business (B2B) transactions

Provides an interface to exchange of business forms

In addition to the Internet and the Web there are twoother major infrastructures of network computing: theintranet and the extranet
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The Network Computing Infrastructure

AA network is designed to servenetwork is designed to servethe informational needs of athe informational needs of a

company, using Internetcompany, using Internetconcepts and toolsconcepts and tools..


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Discovery - Internet Application Categories

Internet Software Agents

Internet-Based Web Mining

Other Discovery Aids

Toolbars Material in Foreign Languages

Information and Corporate Portals

Through the discovery capability users can access informationlocated in databases all over the world. It facilitates education,government services, entertainment, and commerce. Discoveryis done by browsing and searchingstatic or dynamicdatasources on the Web.



Discovery - Internet Software Agents

Search engines, directories, software andSearch engines, directories, software and

intelligent agentsintelligent agents

Web-Browsing-Assisting AgentsWeb-Browsing-Assisting Agents

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) AgentsFrequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Agents

Search Engines and Intelligent IndexingSearch Engines and Intelligent IndexingAgentsAgents

Software agents are computer programs that carry out a set ofroutine computer tasks on behalf of the user and in so doingemploy some sort of knowledge of the users goals



Discovery - Other Discovery Aids

Webopedia.com

What Is?(whatis.com)

eBizSearch(gunther.smeal.psu.edu)

HighBeam(highbeam.com)

Howstuffworks.com. Findarticles.com

Hundreds of other search engines and discovery aids areavailable
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Discovery - Toolbars

Google Toolbar (toolbar.google.com)

Copernic Agent Basic (copernic.com)

KartOO (kartoo.com)

Yahoo Companion (companion.yahoo.com)

Grokker (groxis.com)

To get the most out of search engines, you may use add-ontoolbars and special software.



Discovery - Information in Foreign Languages

WorldPoint Passport (worldpoint.com)

Babel Fish Translation (world.altavista.com)

AutoTranslate (offered in Netscape browser)

trados.com

translationzone.com

There is a huge amount of information on the Internet inlanguages that you may not know. Automatic translation of Webpages is an application offered by many vendors. However, notall automatic translations are equally good, so evaluation ofthese products is needed.



Discovery - Information & Corporate Portals

Commercial (public) portalsoffer content fordiversecommunities and are the most popular portals on theInternet. Examples are:

yahoo.com lycos.com

msn.com Publishing portalsare intended for communities with

specific interests. Examples are: techweb.com zdnet.com

A portal is a Web-based personalized gateway to informationand knowledge in network computing. It attempts to addressinformation overload by providing one screen from which we doall our work on the Web. Thus eliminating retrieval time spenton integrating disparate IT systems.
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Discovery - Information & Corporate Portals (continued)

Personal portals target specific filtered informationfor individuals.

Affinity portals support communities such as hobby

groups or a political party Mobile portals are portals accessible from mobile

devices.

Voice portals are Web portals with audio interfaces,which enables them to be accessed by a standard orcell phone.

AOLbyPhone tellme.com bevocal.com




Suppliers portals: Using corporate portals, suppliers can mange theirown inventories online.

Customersportals: Customers can use a customer-facing portal forviewing products and services and placing orders, which they canlater self-track.

Employeesportals: Such portals are used for training, dissemination

of news and information, and workplace discussion groups. Supervisorsportals: These portals, sometimes called workforce

portals, enable managers and supervisors to control the entireworkforce management process from budgeting to schedulingworkforce.

Corporate portals provide single-point access to specificenterpriseinformation and applications available on the Internet, intranets, andextranets to employees, business partners, and customers. They are alsoknown as enterprise portals or enterprise information portals.




Corporate portalsCorporate portals



Communication - Internet Application Categories

Electronic Mail

Web-Based Call Centers

Electronic Chat Rooms Voice Communication

Weblogging (Blogging)

People exchange and share information by sending and receivingmessages, documents, forms and files. This information-processingsupports the organization and the transaction of business.Communications can involve one or several IT-supported media, such astext, voice, graphics, radio, pictures, and animation. Using different

media increases the effectiveness of a message, expedites learning, andenhances problem solving.



Collaboration - Internet Application Categories

Virtual collaboration(e-collaboration):the use of digitaltechnologies that enable organizations or individuals tocollaborative

Collaborative commerce(c-commerce): collaboration amongbusiness partners Supply chains

Dealer/Partner Networks

Product Networks

Collaborationrefers to the mutual efforts of two or more individualsor groups to perform activities in order to accomplish certain tasks.These tasks range from designing products and documents, toteaching, to executing complementary subtasks, to working withcustomers, suppliers, and other business partners. In an effort to

improve productivity and competitiveness collaboration can besupported electronically.


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Collaboration Tools (Workflows)

Workflow Technologies:the movement of informationthrough the sequence of steps that make up anorganizations work procedures or business processes. Workflow management is the automation of workflows from start to

finish, including all exception conditions. Workflow systems are business process automation tools (software

programs) that automate almost any information-processing task.

Workflow applications: Collaborative workflow: addresses project-oriented and

collaborative types of processes. Production workflow: addresses mission-critical, transaction-

oriented, high volume processes.

Administrative workflow: is cross between collaborative andproduction workflows.


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Collaboration Tools (Groupware)

Electronic Meeting Systems attempt to improve face-to-face

meetings with their electronic counter-part.

Electronic Teleconferencing (Teleconferencing) is the use ofelectronic communication that allows two or more people at differentlocations to have a simultaneous conference. Video Teleconferencing (videoconference),participants in one location

can see participants at other locations. Data (data conferencing) can

also be sent along with voice and video making it possible to work ondocuments together. Web Conferencing is Videoconferencing solely conducted on the

Internet

Software products that support groups of people who share acommon task or goal and who collaborate on its accomplishment.Groupware implies the use of networks to connect people, even ifthe people are in the same room.


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Collaboration Tools (Groupware)(continued)

Interactive Whiteboards work like thephysical worldwhiteboardswith markers and erasers, except instead of one person standing infront of a meeting room drawing on the whiteboard, all participants canjoin in.

Screen Sharing software, allows group members to work on thesame document, which is shown on the PC screen of each participant.

Instant video, is a kind of real time chat room that allows you to seethe person you are communicating with.

Real-time collaboration (RTC) Tools: help companies bridge timeand space to make decisions and to collaborate on projects. RTC toolssupport synchronous communication of graphical and text-basedinformation.


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Collaboration (continued)

Collaborative NetworksCollaborative Networks


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E-Learning Web-based Application

Blackboard Inc.(blackboard.com)offers a complete suiteof enterprise software products and services thatpower a totale-education infrastructurefor schools,

colleges, universities, and other education providers. WebCT(webct.com)provides a similar set of tools, but

with a different vision and strategy. It uses advancedpedagogical tools to help institutions of highereducation make distance-learning courses possible.

Distance learning(DL) refers to situations where teachers andstudents do not meet face-to-face. It can be done in differentways. E-learning is only one form of distance learning. It providesa new set of tools that add value to traditional learning modes. Itdoes not replace the classroom setting, but enhances it, taking

advantage of new content and delivery technologies.


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Telecommuting Web-based Application

There are numerous non-compensatory benefits and advantagesfor employees, employers, and society. The most important beingimproved productivity.

Some disadvantages for the employees are increased feelings ofisolation, loss of fringe benefits, no workplace visibility, and lack ofsocialization.

Disadvantages to employers are difficulties in supervising work,potential data security problems, training costs, and the high cost

of equipping and maintaining telecommutershomes.

Telecommuting, or teleworking, refers to an arrangementwhereby employees can work at home, at the customerspremises, in special work places, or while traveling, usually usinga computer linked to their place of employment.


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Q & A

Source: Information Technology For Management 5th Edition By: Turban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe

L003 Network Computing

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