L C~~~:,~ CO~PlTY SOLID VI/~~~i~ ~~~'ING f~E~OJEGfi

L~~ ~~C~~~:,~ CO~PlTY

SOLID VI/~~~i~ ~~~'ING f~E~OJEGfi

~'~~~~~~D BY

~E~~►R~~IIENT +~~~ P~l~~.,~C ~IV(,~RKS

1l~ASTE ~AANAGEI~ENT DIVISit)N

May 18, 1987

T0: Each Supervisor "~

FROM: T. A. Tidemansor~ *~Director of Public Works

PROGRESS REPORT - SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SITING PROJECTBOARD ORDER OF OCTOBER 28, 1986 - SYNOPSIS 94

In accordance with your Board Order of October 28, 1986 (Synopsis 94) and ourmemorandum of January 20, 1987, the implementation of the work program for theSolid Waste Management Siting Project is progressing in concurrence with theattached project schedule. To date, staff has completed tasks A, B and C of theproject schedule. The results of this work is enclosed for your review.

Based on the information gathered, approximately 49,600 tons per day (TPD) ofsolid waste, including 13,600 TPD of inert waste, are disposed of in theCounty's Class III and/or unclassified (inert) landfills. Of this amount,41,300 TPD are disposed of in the County's 14 major Class III landfills. Atthis rate, the County's remaining permitted disposal capacity of 89 million tonswill be exhausted by 1993. However, some of the major Class III landfills mayclose before that date, as indicated in the enclosed material, resulting in theCounty's disposal capacity being even more rapidly diminished.

The following represents a brief summary of the material enclosed.

Item 1: Siting Criteria and Permitting Process for Solid Waste ManagementFacilities

This report details the criteria necessary for evaluating the suitabilityof locations for siting transfer stations, waste-to-energy and landfillfacilities. In addition, the permitting requirements are discussedincluding the discretionary permit process for obtaining land use, airquality, waste discharge requirements, and solid waste facility permits.This criteria will be utilized in the selection of potential solid wastemanagement facilities - Task E of the project schedule.

Item 2: Table I - Major Class III Landfill Facilities in Los Angeles County

This table summarizes the status of the existing major (receiving greaterthan 50,000 tons per year) Class III landfills in the County as well as thestatus of proposed landfill expansions. An analysis of Table 1 indicatesthat the 14 existing facilities identified can handle an additional 13,770to 15,370 tons per day with existing manpower and equipment, and have acombined remaining permitted capacity of 89.2 million tons.

Each Supervisor -2~ May 18, 1987

Item 3: Table II - Major Class III Solid Waste Landfill Capacity Based On LandUse Permits.

This table lists the remaining capacity permitted under the County or acity local land use permit for each of the major Class III landfills in theCounty. The total capacity granted under a local land use permit is listedat 162 million tons; however, this quantity is subject to other solid wastepermits (i.e., Waste Discharge Requirements, Finding of Conformance, and/orSolid Waste Facility Permit).

Item 4: Table III - Minor Class III Landfill Facilities in Los Angeles County

This table presents the status of the 5 minor (receiving less than 50,000tons per year) Class III landfill facilities in the County. The totalremaining permitted capacity for these minor sites is listed at 281,300tons.

Item 5: Table IV - Unclassified (Inert Waste) Landfill Facilities in LosAngeles County

This table summarizes the status of the inert landfill facilities in theCounty. A total of 10 sites are identified with a combined remaining per-mitted capacity of 91.4 million tons. Based on the disposal rate of 8,300tons per day, the remaining capacity will be exhausted by 2,022.

Item 6: Table V - Major Transfer Stations in Los Angeles County

This table lists the major (handling grater than 100 tons per day) transferstations operating in the County. A total of 13 facilities are identified.The table lists the quantities handled, permitted capacity, and ultimatedisposal location.

Item 7: Table VI - Waste-to-Energy Facilities in Los Angeles County

This table presents the status of planned and proposed waste-to-energy pro-jects in the County.

The work program for the siting project will continue in accordance with theproject schedule. It is anticipated that our next progress report will be sub-mitted to your Board in July 1987.

JH:mal/G

Attach.

cc: Chief Administrative OfficeExecutive Officer-Clerk of the Board of SupervisorsCounty Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County

Los Angeles County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Siting ProjectPROJECT SCHEDULE (1)

t/8T 3/87 5/87 7/87 9/87 11/87 1/88 3/88 5/88-1/89

A. Develop siting criteria

B. Determine the status of existingfacilities, including those underconstruction:1. Landfill ------2. Waste-To-Energy -----3• Transfer Station -------------

C. Determine the status of facilitiesidentified for proposed expansion inCoSWMPt. Landfill ------------2. Waste-To-Energy ----3. Transfer Station --------------

D. Determine the status of proposedfacilities identified in CoSWMP:1. Landfill ----------------2. Waste-To-Energy ---------3. Transfer Station --------------------

E. Identify new waste management facilitiesand prepare feasibility reports1. Landfill ------------------------------2. Waste-To-Energy ----------------------3. Transfer Station ------------------------------

F. Program Implementation (2) ---------------------------------------------------------------------

G. Legislation -----------------------------------------------------------

Notes: 1, See Work Program for specific tasks to be accomplished.2. Assumes proposed legislation is developed, introduced and enacted. It also assumes private industry or

public agencies have developed sites/facilities identified.

~~rvn~.

MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORSL' \/ ~ Q~UNTY OF LOS ANGELES, STATE OF CALIFORNIA

W LJ

~l NOV 07 196

:PARTr~ENT OF PUB~i~ WORKSG:NEERfrrG SERVICES DIVISION

Chief Administrative OfficerDirector of Public Warks

Larry J. Monteith, Executive OfficerCierk of the Board of Supervisors

383 Hall of Administration

Los Angeles, California 90012

At its meeting held October 28, 1986, the Board took thefollowing action:

94Supervisor Schabarum made the following statement:

"Every day the 8 million people living inLos Angeles County produce more than 40,000tons of trash--enough to fill refuse trucfcslined up bumper-to-bumper for 35 miles.Currently, this mountain of trash is placedin landfills, a method which historically hasbeen a convenient and inexpensive approach togetting rid of our waste. Unfortunately,like other regions of the Country, we arerapidly running out of landfill space inLos Angeles County and the existing siteswill virtually be exhausted by 1993 unlessnew sites are found.

"Like it or not, all of us produce trash,(and sewage, which is a somewhat relatedtopic) and we need to work toward thoughtful,realistic and environmentally acceptablesolutions--and we need to find thesesolutions in our own backyards. The time hascome to reject the NIMBY (not in my backyard)syndrome and to accept the concept of SIEBY(some in every backyard),

"Sixty percent of the trash generated inLos Angeles County--about 25,000 tons perday--is currently sent to the EastSan Gabriel Valley which is four times theamount that the Valley generates. I'mcertainly not thrilled about that fact andI'm not interested in continuing to handle amajority of the County's trash. The messagefrom the residents of the San Gabriel Valleyis very clear -- 'keep your own trash,' and Istrongly agree with them. It's high time fora shared responsibility for `finding sharedsolutions to our garbage crisis."

(Continued on Page 2)

-1-

Syn. 94 (Continued)

Therefore, on motion of Supervisor Schabarum, seconded bySupervisor Dana, unanimously carried (Supervisor Antonovichbeing absent), the Board took the following actions:

-1. Instructed the Ch ref AdministrativeOfficer and the Director of Public Works

.~to initiate a comprehensive solid wastemanagement siting study andimplementation program. Said studyshould find appropriate sites throughoutthe County for landfills,refuse-to-energy facilities, transferstations and other types of wastemanagement facilities;

2. Instructed the Chief AdministrativeOfficer and the Director of Public Worksto proceed with appraisals and optionagreements with the intent to initiatepermit applications. In addition to thepursuit of public)y owned and operatedsites, the County staff should workclosely with private waste managementfirms to establish new privately ownedand operated facilities;

3. Instructed the Chief AdministrativeOfficer and the Director of Public Worlcsto prepare a specific work program andbudget for this effort and present it tothe Board with' the primary source offunding to be the 3~ cents per ton CoSWMPtipping fee; and

4. Requested the County Sanitation Districtsto participate in this effort and toprovide funding, on a one-for-one basis,up to $250,000.00.

MIN1:c60.1

Copies distributed:Each SupervisorCounty~CounselAuditor-Controller

Letter sent to:Chief Engineer and General Manager

County Sanitation Districts

-2-

SITING CRITERIA AND PERMITTING PROCESSFOR

SOLID (NON-HAZARDOUS) WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES

I. INTRODUCTION

At the present time, Los Angeles County's solid waste disposal capacity israpidly diminishing. In order to alleviate this growing crisis andeffectively plan for the County's future solid waste disposal needs, immediateaction must be taken, by both the public and private sectors in a cooperativeeffort, to site solid waste management facilities in the County. The singlelargest obstacle in siting a solid waste management facility is finding asuitable site acceptable to the applicant, regulatory agencies, localauthority, and citizens. A vital part of the siting process is gaining thesupport of the local community.

The purpose of this report is to assist local jurisdictions carry out theirresponsibilities with regard to land use planning by providing guidelines forthe siting of transFer stations, waste-to-energy, and landfill facilities.Also discussed are programs for the involvement of the public at the earlieststages of the planning process to ensure their active awareness of the need aswell as participation in the safe management of solid waste.

II. SITING

A. General

Location of a suitable site is essential to the development of new solidwaste management facilities. The site selection process involves theapplicant, local land use authority, and State regulatory/permittingagencies. The applicant's primary interest lies in the site's proximityto wastesheds, land availability, potential for obtaining State andlocal permits and community acceptance. The interest of the local landuse authority centers around protection of the health of the residents,and the implementation of its planning policies/goals to ensurecompatible land uses. Thirdly, the regulatory/permitting agencies arecharged with the responsibility to protect human health and naturalresources and are concerned with the ability of the technology employedto contain or destroy the waste it handles.

B. Siting Criteria

The siting of any solid waste management facility is certain to arousesubstantial local concern and apposition. Residents of communities wheresuch facilities are proposed invariably assert that a more throughsearch would produce a more suitable location than that being proposed.Sueh arguments are difficult to counter arbitrarily. Without a set ofcriteria which identifies the risks associated with such facilities and arating system which permits an unbiased appraisal and comparison ~f allcandidate sites, objective decisions are hard to make. To assist in thisdecision-making process, criteria was developed for the siting of solid

waste management facilities. This siting criteria, listed in Appendix A,provides guidance and primary selection constraints For siting proposedsolid waste management facilities. The appendix has been prepared withthe intent to assist the applicant, the local community, and thepermitting agencies in making responsible decisions. The siting criteriapresented in Appendix A will assist those using them to accomplish thefollowing objectives:

v Protect the residents;o Ensure the structural stability and safety of the facility;o Protect surface water;a Protect groundwater;o Protect air quality;v Protect environmentally sensitive areas;o Ensure safe transportation of solid waste; ando Protect the social and economic development goals of the community.

By using a uniform set of guidelines and standards, the siting criteriaare developed so as to provide planners and decision-makers with a toolto identify both potential sites and significant siting concerns.However, an understanding of the basic engineering and operationalcharacteristics of the various types of solid waste managementfacilities, their typical impacts, and the range of mitigation measuresavailable is also essential when evaluating sites.

Facility planners and the public at large should, however, be aware o£the inherent limitations v£ the criteria developed as the issues involvedcan be complex and controversial. While good criteria can help focus thepertinent factors, they cannot remove all controversy from the process.Moreover, the final decision can be of a political nature. Early publicinvolvement and environmental mediation are methods to consider forconstructively channeling conflicts into compromise.

III. PERMITTING

A. General

Proponents proposing to construct solid waste management facilities inLos Angeles County must apply for and be issued a series of bothministerial and discretionary permits from local and/or State regulatoryagencies. The standard permit processing framework is governed to agreat degree by the requirements o£ the California Environmental QualityAct (CEQA) of 1970 and the Permit Streamlining Act of 1977.

CEQA provides a process which requires that governmental decision-makersconsider the environmental effects of their permit decisions and takemeasures to prevent significant, avoidable damage to the environment.The Permit Streamlining Act places time limits on the review anddecision-making processes of public agencies.

The mayor permitting entities for slid waste management facilitiesinclude local governmental agencies having jurisdiction over land use andsolid waste facility operation (cities and County), the California WasteManagement Board, the California Regional Water Quality Cantra~ Boards,

- 2 -

Los Angeles and Lahontan Regions, the South Caast Air Quality ManagementDistrict, and the Los Angeles County Solid Waste Management Committee.

B. Ministerial Permits

Ministerial permits are permits with set and structured standards. Thenumber of ministerial permits required is dependent on the type offacility and its proposed location.

These permits generally include:

- Fire- Building- Grading- Plumbing- Electrical- Sewer- Industrial Waste- Occupational Safety and Health

Underground Tank Storage of Hazardous Materials (fuels, ail, etc.)- Raad C~nstructian- Drainage and Floyd

The required time for processing the above permits is estimated to be sixmonths.

C. Discretionary Permits

Discretionary permits are permits issued by an agency that exercisesjudgment, deliberation or decision in issuing the permit, or hasconditions or controls placed on the permit.

The State and local processes and permits that are critical in thepermitting of solid waste facilities are further presented inAppendix B, Discretionary Permit Process. This appendix discusses theregulatory overview, the permitting requirements, and the administrationprocess for the following discretionary permits:

o Land Use Permit;o Air Quality Permit;o Water Quality/Waste Discharge Permit;o Finding of Conformance; ando Solid Waste Facility Permit.

While the procedures for siting a solid waste management Facility aresimilar to those for siting any major industrial facility, solid wastemanagement facilities are highly sensitive to public pressure.Proponents must therefore be prepared far a time-consuming permittingprocess. A permit application requires extensive technical documentationof the potential impacts and mitigating measures, as well as detailedanalysis pertaining to facility design, operation, maintenance, closureand post closure. In addition, the application must be supported bydetailed site investigations and data analysis that satisfy permittingrequirements. Last, but not least, the applicant must be able todemonstrate satisfactory financial capabilities.

- 3 -

IV. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT IN THE SITING AND PERMITTING PROCESS

A. General

The siting of solid waste management facilities can be a highly volatileand emotional process. Publie involvement is included in this report asit is believed that a well-informed public is the key for successfulsiting of land disposal and waste-ta-energy facilities. The importanceof early public involvement must be stressed to ensure adequateopportunities for their involvement, and to welcome public input into thedecision-making process sa as to better serve public needs.

Most citizens are Familiar with well-publicized waste management mistakesof the past and it is these visual pictures that shape their viewpoints.As such, a public involvement and education program can provide thepublic with information an solid waste management issues, enabling themto understand the importance of providing for the safe management ofsolid waste and demonstrating that alternative technologies and policesimplemented today are safe and effective.

Public participation programs that facilitate understanding, negotiation,cooperation and resolution can help to overcome some mistrust andskepticism, as well as avoid some legal conflict. Once a facility isproposed, there may be only a short time to institute dialogue beforeindividual viewpoints are established. Dialogue should be based on,among other things, credible information about the environmentalintegrity of a site, the need for the facility and its performancecharacteristics, and the financial stability, competence and integrity ofthe proposed facility operator. It is the responsibility of industry andgovernment to provide the public with non-adversarial points of contactso as to reduce polarization early in the process and provide anopportunity far questions and concerns to be addressed with candor,clarity, and understanding. Responsive management is seen as a centralpart of c~xnprehensive planning.

B. Process

Public involvement in the early stages, before issues become inflamed bymedia and political farces, is a critical factor in the proponent'sunderstanding of the concerns of the public and the public's acceptanceof the proposed site/facility. The public involvement process can bedivided into three phases. The first is identification of issues andparticipants, the second is plan development; and the third is the publicparticipation program. By identifying the issues and participants,appropriate informational techniques can be chosen to effectivelyencourage public participation in the siting process. The followingsucrmari2es the key components of a public involvement process.

1. Identification of Issues and Participants

Below are some factors that should be considered when identifyingpertinent issues:

o The characteristics of the waste to be managed, includingpotential source areas;

o The location of the proposed facility and its proximity to

- 4 -

population, surface water and groundwater, and importantecological systems;

o The characteristics of the site, including its topography,geology, hydrogealogy and climate;

o The pathways available for release of solid wasteconstituents into the air, water and soil and thepotential for human and ecosystem exposure;

o The design and operation of the proposed facility; ando The safeguards and mitigation measures to be used at the

facility.

Although some information on issues may not be available at theearly stages of planning, these concerns should be addressed as soonas possible so that they became a part of the evaluation process.

Involving the appropriate people in a public participation programis another key factor in program effectiveness. A balance must beachieved between interested and/or affected parties and a workablegroup size. Participants should include representatives from thegeneral population, community organizations and those who may have ageneral ar particular interest in, or be affected by the sitingdecision.

Serious efforts must be made to inform, involve, and respond totheir concerns. Possible participants to be considered are:

o General public;o Representatives of State, County and local government

agencies;o Businesses and industries;o Property owners in the vicinity o£ the site;o Public interest groups;a Environmental and conservation groups;o Ad hoc citizen groups;o Community and civic associations;o Local religious groups; ando Media, including editorial boards.

2. Plan Development

The plan development phase is the planning process to devise amechanism and step by step process £or bringing the public into thedecision-making process. It should be recognized that the right ofthe public to participate in the decision-making process goes withthe fact that they will be affected by the consequences.

Below is a list of various techniques that can be employed toencourage understanding and the evaluation of a proposed sitingproject:

o Information Techniques:- Fact Sheets- Newsletter- Education of the media- Use of news media- Mailers

- 5 -

o Cansultatian Techniques:- Public meetings- Public workshops- Advisory committee drawing on major interest groups and

representatives of the affected local community

3. Public Participation

Public participation programs promote conflict resolution byproviding opportunities for individuals and groups from differentviewpoints to explore alternative solutions. An important startingpoint of this process is to:

o Foster positive involvement and dialogue among theinterested and affected parties;

o Define and focus issues that can identify the areas ofreal disagreement; and

o Provide ideas and information that may improve the qualityof solutions and facilitate decision making.

The following have been identified as possible avenues:

a, Citizens Advisory Committee

The membership of a Citizen Advisory Committee, usually selected bypublic officials, should represent a broad base of community interestincluding residents, and representatives selected by special andgeneral interest groups (technical and environmental experts). Aproperly balanced and adequately staffed committee can ensurefunctional two-way communication and provide an on-going link betweencitizens and agencies involved in planning and siting.

b, Task Force or Ad Hoc Committee

This body is usually a small group of people who have been assigned toresearch a specific problem in a limited time frame. Its membership,selected by the responsible local agency, should consist of those withthe expertise necessary far the specific problem.

c. Public Meetings and Hearings

Public meetings and hearings can vary from a workshop to a formal,stenographically-recorded hearing. Both afford the opportunity forconcerned citizens to formally present their views, often as part of apra~ect's permanent record or file.

- 6 -

.APPENDIX A

SOLID (NON-HAZARDOUS) WASTE FACILITY SITING CRITERIA

I. SITING CRITERIA

The criteria presented herein can be used to evaluate the suitability oflocations for the following types of solid waste management facilities:

- Transfer stations- Resource Recovery (waste-to-energy)- Landfills (Class III and Unclassified land disposal facilities, as

defined by the California Administrative Code, Title 23, Chapter 3,Subchapter 15)

These criterions are developed to assist in achieving the following objectivesto safeguard the public health and safety when siting a solid waste managementfacility:

- Protect the residents- Ensure the structural stability and safety ~f the Facility- Protect surface water- Protect groundwater- Protect air quality- Protect environmentally sensitive areas- Ensure safe transportation of solid waste- Protect the social and economic development goals of the community

Each objective is defined in terms of a series of factors. These factors arelisted in Table A-1. A description sheet for each factor is included in thispackage. The description sheet provides a definition of the factor, anexplanation of the significance of each in terms of potential impacts of thefacility and concerns likely to arise from the community, a set of criteria toallow application of each factor to a site. For each criterion, theapplicable solid waste management facility is specified; unless otherwiseHated, land disposal facilities is defined as bath Class III and Unclassified(inert) landfills. It should also be recognized that some of the factorslisted may not be applicable to all types of solid waste managementfacilities, and therefore, care should be used as to the applicability ~findividual factors.

TABLE A-1SITING FACTORS

OBJECTIVES FACTORS

A. Protect the residents - proximity to populations

B. Ensure the structural - flood hazard areasstability and safety - areas subject to tsunamis,of the facility seiches, and storm surges

- proximity to active or potentially activefaults

- slope stability- subsidence/liquifaction- dam failure inundation areas

C. Protect surface water - aqueducts and reservoirs- discharge of treated effluent

D. Protect groundwater - proximity to supply wells and well fields- depth to groundwater- groundwater monitoring- mayor aquifer recharge areas- permeability of surficial materials- existing groundwater quality

E. Protect air quality - PSD areas- non attainment areas- landfill surface emission

F. Protect environmentally - wetlandssensitive areas - proximity to habitats of threatened and

endangered species- agricultural lands- natural, recreational, cultural, and

aesthetic resources- significant ecological areas

G. Ensure safe and economic - proximity to areas of waste generationtransportation of solid - distance from mayor routewastes - structures and properties £ranting miner

routes- highway accident rate- capacity vs. AADT of access route

H. Protect social and - consistency with General Planeconomic developmentgoals of the community

NOTE: PSD - Prevention of Significant Deteri~rati~nAADT - Average Annual Daily Traffic

A-2

PROTECT THE RESIDENTS

OBJECTIVE: Protect the Residents

FACTORS: Proximity to populations

A-3

PROXIMITY TO POPULATIONS

Definition: Proximity to population is defined as the distance from theactive portion of the facility to one or more dwellingsused by ane or more persons as a permanent place ofresidence or to structures inhabited by persons temporarilyfor purposes of work or other daily activity.

Significance: Solid waste management facilities should be located suchthat the health, safety, and quality of life of nearbyresidents and other persons are not jeopardized fromplanned or fugitive air emissions, odors, vectors, fires,or explosions should they occur, noise from facilityoperations, subsurface migration of potentially harmfulsubstances, and other possible impacts.

A host community should consider requiring either a bufferdistance or natural or engineering barriers, such as berms,buildings, trees, fences, etc., between solid wastemanagement facilities and residences.

Criteria: Land Disposal Facilities

Facility must be in conformance with local land use andzoning requirements of a county or city planning agency.

The County of Los Angeles prohibits construction ofbuildings or structures on or within 1,000 feet of a landdisposal facility which contains decomposablematerial/waste unless the facility is isolated by anapproved natural or manmade protective system. Theincorporated cities may have similar restrictions.

Waste-to-Energy and Transfer Station Facilities

These facilities should be located where the zoning andexisting land use are canpatible with the proposed use.Far example, an abandoned chemical plant site in anindustrial district would be considered to be a compatibleland use for a transfer station and possibly awaste-to-energy facility.

A-4

ENSURE THE STRUCTURAL STABILITY OE THE FACILITY

OBJECTIVE: ENSURE THE STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND SAFETY OF THE FACILITY

FACTORS: o Flood hazard areas

o Areas subject to tsunamis, seiches, and storm surges

o Proximity to active ar potentially active faults

o Slope stability

o Subsidence/Liquefaction

o Dam failure inundation areas

A-5

FLOOD HAZARD AREAS

Definition: Flood hazard areas are defined as areas which are prone toinundation by floods having a 100-year return period, andby flash floods and debris flows resulting from mayor stormevents. These areas can be determined by checking theFederal Emergency Management Agency flood insurance maps orwith the Los Angeles County Department of Public Works.

Significance: Inundation of a solid waste management facility by floodwaters, debris and/or flash flooding may lead to thephysical transport of wastes, possibly impacting waterquality and water dependent species. In addition, floodinginterrupts the operation of the facility and could stressleachate handling systems of a land disposal facility,

Criteria: Class III Land Disposal Facilities

The State of California requires new Class III Landfills tobe designed, constructed, operated and maintained toprevent inundation ar washout due to floods with a 100-yearreturn period.

AREAS SUBJECT TO TSUNAMIS, SEICHES, AND STORM SURGES

Definition: Areas subject to tsunamis, seiches, and storm surges aredefined as areas bordering oceans, bays, inlets, estuariesor similar bodies of water which may flood due to tsunamis(commonly known as tidal waves), seiches (verticallyoscillating standing waves usually occurring in enclosedbodies of water such as lakes, reservoirs, and harborscaused by seismic activity, violent winds, or changes inatmospheric pressure), or storm surges.

Significance: Inundation of a facility by flood waters may lead to thephysical transport of waste, possibly impacting waterquality and water-dependent species. In addition, floodinginterrupts the operation of the facility and could stressthe leachate handling system of a land disposal facility.

Areas subject to tsunamis, seiches, and storm surgesinclude the coastal areas of Los Angeles County. Inlandlakes and reservoirs could be subject to seiching and stormsurges. Coastal development is heavily restricted byFederal and State regulations, including the CaliforniaCoastal Act of 1976.

Criteria: Class III Land Disposl Facilities

Land disposal facilities should avoid locating in areassubject to tsunamis, seiches, and storm surges unlessdesigned, constructed, operated, and maintained to precludefailure due to such events.

A-7

PROXIMITY TO ACTIVE OR POTENTIALLY ACTIVE FAULTS

Definition: An active fault is defined as a fault along which surfacedisplacement has occurred during Holocene time (about thelast 11,000 years) and is associated with ane or more ofthe following:

a A recorded earthquake with surface rupture;

o Fault creep slippage; or

o Displaced survey lines.

A potentially active fault is defined as a fault showingevidence of surface displacement during Quarternary time(From the last 11,000 years to about the last 2 to 3million years) and characterized by the following:

o Considerable length, e.g., over 30 miles;

o Association with an alignment of numerous earthquakeepicenters;

o Continuity with faults having historic displacement;

o Association with youthful major mountain scarps orranges; and

o Correlation with strong geophysical anomalies.

Significance: The stability of a facility, a major concern for permanentfacilities, is related to the potential for movement of theearth along fault zones.

Criteria: All Facilities

All facilities are to be designed and constructed inaccordance with the local building code.

Class III Land Disposal Facilities

The State of California prohibits the locating a new ClassIII landfill on a known Holocene Fault.

SLOPE STABILITY

Definition: Slope stability is defined as the relative degree to whichthe site will be vulnerable to the forces of gravity, suchas erosion, landslide, soil creep, earth flow or any othermass movement of earth material which might cause a breachor carry wastes away from a facility, or inundate thefacility.

Significance: The long-term containment of solid wastes at a siterequires that the site be located in a geomorphicenvironment which does not encourage long-term instabilityby the processes o£ landslides and mass movement.


The State of California prohibits the locating of new ClassIII landfills within areas of potential rapid growth andrapid change unless containment structures are designed,constructed and maintained to preclude failure.

•

SUBSIDENCE/LIQUEFACTION

Definition: Subsidence is defined as a sinking of the land surfacefollowing the removal of solid mineral matter or fluids(water or oil) from the rock beneath. Liquefaction refersto surface materials that develop liquid properties uponbeing physically disturbed.

Significance: Subsidence of the land may weaken the structural integrityof a facility.

Liquefaction can quickly convert soil materials to fluidmasses, resulting in the lateral spreading and subsidenceof surface materials, and threatening the structuralintegrity of the facility.


Avoid locating in areas determined to have a high potentialfor failure due to subsidence or liquefaction unlesscontainment structures are designed, constructed, andmaintained to preclude failure as a result of such change.

A-10

DAM FAILURE INUNDATION AREAS

Definition: Dam failure inundation areas are defined as areasimmediately adjacent to a river or stream below anembankment or masonry dam which would be inundated bythe flow of water from the impoundment created by thedam if the dam were to fail.

Significance: Recent failures of large U.S. dams illustrate thepotential destruction to natural and manmade featuresin the danger reach, Dam impoundments have thepotential to create a flood hazard which would havethe same or worse effects as those associated withflood hazard areas.

Dam owners in California are required by the StateOffice of Emergency Services to prepare and submit damfailure inundation maps to local jurisdictions for usein local land use planning activities.


Facilities should locate outside dam failureinundation areas.

A-11

PROTECT SURFACE WATER

OBJECTIVE: PROTECT SURFACE WATER

FACTORS: v Aqueducts and reservoirs

o Discharge ~f treated effluent

A-12

AQUEDUCTS AND RESERVOIRS

Definition: Aqueducts are defined as conduits for conveying drinkingwater supplies. Reservoirs are defined as impoundments forcontaining drinking water supplies with minimal naturaldrainage areas.

Significance: Run-off ar drainage from a facility could possibly enteraqueducts or reservoirs depending upon a number of factors.


The State of California requires new and existing Class IIIlandfills to fitted with subsurface barriers as well asprecipitation and drainage control facilities.

A-13

DISCHARGE OF TREATED EFFLUENT

Definition: Discharge of treated effluent is defined as theavailability of wastewater treatment facilities to acceptwastewater (effluent), or the ability to discharge treatedeffluent directly into a stream, including a dry streambed, or into the ocean through a State-permitted outfall.

Significance: Some facilities will generate a treated effluent requiringdischarge to receiving waters. Facilities could dischargeto sanitary sewers, with the appropriate regulatory agencyrequiring adequate pretreatment of wastewaters to aspecified level before discharge.

Criteria: Facilities Generating Wastewaters

Facilities should be located in areas with adequate sewercapacity to accommodate the expected wastewater discharge.If sewers are not available, on site treatment should beconsidered. Alternately, wastewaters could also betransported in bulk via highways to facilities capable oftreating them.

Facilities discharging into streams or into the ocean willrequire National Pollution Discharge Elimination System(NPDES) permits issued by the Regional Water QualityControl Board. The NPDES permit sets limitations on thequantity and quality o£ the waste discharges, and mayspecify engineering and technical requirements to ensurecompliance.

A-14

PROTECT GROUNDWATER

OBJECTIVE: PROTECT GROUNDWATER

FACTORS: o Proximity to supply wells and well fields

o Depth to groundwater

a Groundwater monitoring

o Major aquifer recharge areas

o Permeability of surficial materials

o Existing groundwater quality

A-15

PROXIMITY TO SUPPLY WELLS AND WELL FIELDS

Definition: Proximity to supply wells and well fields is defined as thedistance to areas used for extraction of groundwater fordrinking water supplies by high capacity production wellsand identified by the presence o£ several wells thatconstitute a well Field.

Significance: Areas that are immediately adjacent to wells and wellfields may be extremely susceptible to contamination due toincreased gradients and velocities caused by extraction oflarge volumes of water. An increased risk is associatedwith locating land disposal facilities in near proximity toexisting production wells due to the potential danger ofcontaminating water.


Facilities must meet the State of California's geologicsetting criteria far ensuring no impairment of beneficialuses of surface water or of ground water beneath oradjacent to the landfill.

A-16

DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER

Definition: Depth to groundwater is defined as the minimum seasonaldepth to the highest anticipated elevation of underlyinggroundwater from the bottom of any proposed wastecontaining facility.

Significance: If the water table rises above the bottom of a facility, itmay breach the facility liner or foundation and come intodirect contact with the waste, causing groundwatercontamination to occur.


All containment structures must be capable of withstandinghydraulic pressure gradients to prevent failure due tosettlement, compression or uplift as certified by aregistered civil engineer or engineering geologistregistered in California.

The State of California requires new Class III landfills tobe fitted with containment structures that meet specifiedpermeability standards if site characteristics areinadequate. In addition, the facility must be fitted witha groundwater collection system and a leachate collectionand removal systems.

A-17

GROUNDWATER MONITORING

Definition: Groundwater monitoring is the reliability of ascientifically designed monitoring program to measure,observe and evaluate groundwater quality and flow.

Significance: A reliable groundwater monitoring system around a facilityis required to provide an early warning detection systemfor possible contaminant migration within the facilityproperty boundaries. Corrective measures and remedialaction are more effective and less expensive if initiatedduring the early stages of any contaminant migration.

To assure that groundwater is reliably monitored, afacility should be located where the following can becharacterized, modeled, and analyzed with a relatively highdegree of confidence:

o Subsurface geology;

o Hydrologic characteristics; and

o Direction and magnitude of groundwater flow.

This implies that the site should be geologically andhydrologically uniForm.

Criteria: Class III Land Disposal Facility

Facilities must comply with the California Regional WaterQuality Control Board permit requirements for groundwatermonitoring.

A-18

MAJOR AQUIFER RECHARGE AREAS

Definition: Major aquifer recharge areas are defined as regions ofprincipal recharge to mayor regional aquifers, asidentified in the existing literature or by hydrogeologicexperts familiar with Southern California. Such rechargeareas are typically found in:

o Outcrop or subcrop areas of mayor water-yieldingfacies of confined aquifers.

o Outcrop or subcrop areas of confining units whichsupply mayor recharge to underlying regional aquifers.

Significance: Aquifers receive their principal water supplies From areaswhich allow water infiltrating from the land surface torapidly recharge the aquifer.


Facilities must meet the State of California's minimumrequirements for ensuring no impairment of beneficial usesof surface water or of groundwater beneath or adjacent tothe landfill.

A-19

PERMEABILITY OF SURFICIAL MATERIALS

Definition: Permeability of surficial materials is defined as theability of geologic materials at the earth's surface toinfiltrate and percolate water.

Significance: The surficial materials overlying ma~ar water bearingformations in an area provides a pathway for verticalmigration of potential contaminants. Permeable geologicmaterials can allow rapid movement of pollutants into mayorregional aquifers. Thick deposits of fine-grainedmaterials of low hydraulic conductivity retard the rate ofvertical percolation of pollutants to the groundwater, andprovide an opportunity far detection and control ofpollutant releases before it contaminates aquifers.Materials having a law permeability tend also to havefavorable attenuation characteristics far individualcontaminants.


The State of California requires new Class III landfillfacilities to be immediately underlain by natural geologicmaterials or clay liners which have a permeability of notless than 1 x 10-6 em/sec, and which are of sufficientthickness to prevent vertical movement o£ fluids includingwaste and leachate. Further, the geologic materials shallbe continuous and shall not be interbedded with materialsof greater permeability.

A-20

EXISTING GROUNDWATER QUALITY

Definition: Existing groundwater quality is defined as the chemicalquality of the groundwater in comparison to the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Interim Primary andSecondary Drinking Water Standards; and, for constituentswith no standards to follow guidelines suggested byresearch and reported in literature.

Significance: The significance of the potential impact of a facility angroundwater quality is related to the actual potential useof the groundwater. The EPA has recently releasedguidelines defining protection policies for three classesof groundwater, based an their respective value and theirvulnerability to contamination. The three classes are:

o Class I: Groundwater that is highly vulnerable tocontamination and characterized by being irreplaceableor ecologically vital. These are designated asSpecial Groundwaters.

o Class II: Current or potential sources of drinkingwater and waters having other beneficial uses.

o Class III: Groundwaters not considered potentialsources of drinking water and of limited beneficialuse or otherwise contaminated beyond levels that allowcleanup using reasonably employed treatment methods.


Facilities must meet the California Regional Water QualityControl Board's minimum water quality protection standardsand criteria.

A-21

PROTECT AIR QUALITY

OBJECTIVE: PROTECT AIR QUALITY

FACTORS: o PSD areas

o Nonattainment areas

o Landfill surface emission

A-22

PSD AREAS

Definition: Prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) areas aredefined as areas in attainment of the National Ambient AirQuality Standards (NAAQS) for one or more criteriapollutants. PSD areas are divided into three classes.Class I includes international parks, national wildernessareas exceeding 5000 acres, national memorial parksexceeding 5000 acres, national parks exceeding 5000 acresand other areas approved by the EPA Administrator. Allother areas are classified as Class II areas with theexception of a few areas classified as Class III whereeconomic growth would be too restricted under Class IIrestrictions.

Significance: The prevention of significant deterioration of high qualityairsheds is mandatory under the Clean Air Amendments of1977. Any new source meeting the statutory definition ofeither a new mayor source or a modification to a mayorsource locating in a PSD area must meet stringentconditions, including the installation of Best AvailableControl Technology (BACT), before initial construction ormayor modifications are allowed. Sources required tosubmit to PSD preconstruction review are:

o A new source or modification to an existing sourcewhere the increase in potential to emit is either 100or 250 tons per year, depending on source category, or

o A significant emission increase of an attainmentpollutant at an existing mayor stationary source, or

o Any net emission increase at a mayor stationary sourcelocated within 10 kilometers of a Class I PSD area, ifthe emission increase would impact the Class I area by1.0 ug/m3 (24-hour average).

The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD),through the authority of the State Air Resources Board, ismanaging the PSD program in the South Coast Air Basin. TheDistrict's PSD regulations require BACT far all stationarysources with a net emission increase of a criteriapollutant.

Criteria: Waste-to-Energy Facilities `~

Facilities locating in regions which are classified underPSD regulations as mayor stationary sources will berequired to submit to preconstruction review and applyBACT. All facilities locating in the South Coast Air Basinwill be required to apply BACT for any net emissionincrease of an attainment criteria air pollutant.

A-23

NON-ATTAINMENT AREAS

Definition: Nonattainment areas are defined as areas in which the levelof one or more of the criteria pollutants (total suspendedparticulates, ozone, oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, andcarbon monoxide) exceeds the National Ambient Air QualityStandards (NAAQS).

Significance: Federal law requires states to implement air pollutioncontrol programs to improve ar preserve existing airquality in accordance with the NAAQS. Facilities,particularly incinerators, will emit pollutants inquantities which may exceed allowable limits.

The South Coast Air Basin (which includes the County of LosAngeles) is nonattainment For ozone, particulates, carbonmonoxide, and nitrogen dioxide. Facilities emittingnonattainment air contaminants will be subject to NewSource Review requirements including application of BestAvailable Control Technology (BACT) or Lowest AchievableEmission Rate (LAER). Net cumulative emission increasesexceeding certain threshold limits will require theobtaining of offsets to balance the increased pollutantlevels.

Criteria: Waste-to-Energy Facilities

Facilities with air emissions locating in nonattainmentareas and emitting air contaminants in excess ofestablished limits will require preconstructian reviewunder New Source Review requirements, and the obtaining ofa Permit to Construct and a Permit to Operate from theSouth Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). Airpollution control requirements vary by type of facility andare specified by SCAQMD.

In addition, the SCAQMD is required under recently enactedlegislation, Chapter 113 - Statutes of 1986, to perform ahealth risk assessment and make a determination that nosignificant increase in illness or mortality is anticipatedby a project before issuing or renewing a permit toconstruct or operate.

A-24

EMISSIONS FROM CLASS III LANDFILLS

Definition: Landfill gases can be generated as a result of organicwaste decomposition process. These gases generally consisto£ methane, carbon dioxide, with small quantities ofhydrogen sulfide and carbon chain substances.

Significance: Methane gas, produced from the decomposition of organicmaterials, can be emitted from Class III land disposalfacilities without a landfill gas control system.


Class III land disposal facilities are subject to the SouthCoast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) rules andregulations. All existing and proposed Class III landdisposal facilities must comply with the SCAQMD Rule 1150.1"Control of Gaseous Emissions from Active Landfills." TheRule requires installation of a landfill gas control systemand perimeter monitoring probes as well as implementationof a monitoring program to ensure that landfill gasemissions do not exceed specified SCAQMD standards.

Class III landfill facilities are also subject to therequirements of the Calderon Bills (Chapter 1532 - Statutesof 1984 and Chapter 1055 - Statutes of 1986). Theselegislative acts require a landfill owner/operator toconduct a Solid Waste Assessment Test (SWAT), as specified,to determine if landfill gases are being emitted from thesite, and to submit the report to the SCAQMD for review andapproval.

A-25

PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS

OBJECTIVE: PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS

FACTORS: o Wetlands

o Proximity to habitats of threatened and endangeredspecies

a Agricultural lands

o Natural, recreational, cultural, and aestheticresources

o Significant ecological areas

A-26

WETLANDS

Definition: Wetlands are defined as areas such as saltwater,freshwater and brackish swamps, marshes, or bogs inundatedby surface or groundwater with a frequency to support,under normal circumstances, a prevalence of vegetative oraquatic life that requires saturated or seasonallysaturated soil conditions for growth and reproduction.

Significance: The preservation of wetlands area is critical to preserve abalanced ecosystem. The location of a land disposalfacility in a wetlands area could result in the lass oPcritical habitats, loss of the wetlands for groundwaterrecharge, and increase the potential for pollutantdispersal in ground and surface waters.

Wetland areas are located primarily along the coast andnear embayments and estuaries. Development in coastalareas, and wetlands areas in particular, is restricted byfederal and state regulations, including the CaliforniaCoastal Act of 1976.

Criteria: Transfer Stations and Waste-to-Energy Facilities

Facilities should avoid locating in current wetland areasunless: a) industrial usage is permitted by the localgovernment's land use planning or zoning, and b) fish,plant, and wildlife resources can be maintained andenhanced in a portion of the site, or preserved elsewherein the area.

A-27

PROXIMITY TO HABITATS OF THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES

Definition: Habitats of threatened and endangered species are definedas areas known to be inhabited permanently or seasonally arknown to be critical at any stage in the life cycle of anyspecies of wildlife or vegetation identified or beingconsidered for identification as "endangered" or"threatened" by the U.S. Department of Interior or theState of California.

Significance: Threatened and endangered species are important asbiological resources because of the irreversibility ofspecies extinction.

The lass of such species would seriously interfere with thehealth of the ecosystem and deter human education andresearch.


A facility should not locate in habitats of threatened orendangered species unless the local land use authoritymakes a determination that a proposed facility iscompatible with the surrounding resources and does not posea substantial threat to the resource.

A-28

AGRICULTURAL LANDS

Definition: Agricultural lands are lands zoned county-wide and/or usedlocally for agricultural use.

Significance: Farmlands and other agricultural lands are natural andeconomic resources essential For food production. Theselands serves both private and public interests in terms offood, fobs, and open space preservation.

Criteria: Land Disposal Facilities

A facility located inmust obtain a localjurisdiction.

A-29

areas zoned for agricultural usesland use permit from the local

NATURAL, RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL, ANDAESTHETIC RESOURCES

Definition: Natural, recreational, cultural, and aesthetic resourcesare defined as public and private lands having local,regional, state, or national significance, value, orimportance. These lands include national, state, regional,county, and local parks and recreation areas, historic andprehistoric resources, wild and scenic rivers, scenichighways, and public and private preservation areas.

Significance: Facilities sited in these areas could adversely impact thenatural, recreational, cultural, or aesthetic value of thelands.


Facilities should avoid locating in these areas unless theapplicant can demonstrate that a facility is compatiblewith the land use in the area.

A-30

SIGNIFICANT ECOLOGICAL AREAS

Definition: Significant ecological areas are defined as areas whichpossess biotic resources that are uncommon, rare, unique arcritical to the maintenance of wild life on a federal,state or county-wide basis.

Significance: The preservation of significant ecological areas iscritical for the protection and preservation of biologicalresources necessary for maintaining natural ecosystems.


Location of a proposed facility must be in conformance witha local jurisdiction's General Plan.

A-31

ENSURE SAFE TRANSPORTATION OF SOLID WASTE

OBJECTIVE: ENSURE SAFE TRANSPORTATION OF SOLID WASTE

FACTORS: o Proximity to areas of waste generation

o Distance from mayor route

o Structures and properties fronting minor routes

~ Highway accident rate

v Capacity vs. AADT of access roads

A-32

PROXIMITY TO AREAS OF WASTE GENERATION

Definition: Proximity to areas of waste generation is defined astravel time from the wasteshed area to the proposedfacility.

Significance: The greater the distance between a wasteshed area anda proposed facility will result in the increase oftransportation costs; emission of air pollutants; andrisk in vehicle accidents.

Generators also benefit from shorter travelrequirements. Transportation costs can have a markedimpact an waste management costs. High transportationcosts could possibly induce some generators to useunsafe disposal practices.

Criteria: Land Disposal and Waste-to-Energy Facilities

Facilities should be centrally located near wasteshedareas to minimize potential impacts associated withgreater travel distances.

Alternate transportation, by rail, may be evaluated inregard to specific locations for feasibility andefficiency.

Transfer Station Facilities

Transfer facilities should be located within eachmajor area of waste generation to encourage maximumuse and curtail vehicle traffic to and from a solidwaste facility.

A-33

DISTANCE FROM MAJOR ROUTE

Definition: Distance from a mayor route is defined as the distancealong a minor route (city street, boulevard, orundivided highway) that a truck must travel to reachthe facility after leaving the major route (street orinterstate divided hi.ghway).

Significance: Publie concern over a hauler's route is heightenedwhen transportation occurs over roads not constructedfar heavy truck traffic, not intended for it, arcontaining many restrictions such as traffic lights orhorizontal and vertical curves. The distance an minorroutes should be kept to a minimum to avoidinterference with commercial/residential traffic andreduce the risks of accidents.


Distance traveled on minor roads should be kept to aminimum. Facilities are best located near an exit ofa major route or accessed from major routes via routesused locally far truck traffic.

Alternately, local roads could be upgraded byincreasing their load capacity, improving trafficcontrols or building truck-only lanes or routes. Thefacility developer may build a direct access road toavoid the minor route(s).

A-34

STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES FRONTING MINOR ROUTES

Definition: Structures £ranting minor routes are defined by thenumber and type of residences, schools, hospitals, andshopping centers having primary access from thetransportation route between the entrance of afacility and the nearest mayor route.

Significance: A great increase in truck traffic, particularly onroads used primarily by cars, may cause considerablenoise, congestion, and disruption of normal dailyactivities.


Facilities should be located such that any minorroutes from the mayor route to the facility are usedprimarily by trucks, and the number of nonindustrialstructures (homes, hospitals, schdals, etc.) isminimal.

A-35

HIGHWAY ACCIDENT RATE

Definition: The highway accident rate is defined as the occurrenceof minor to fatal accidents per vehicle milestraveled, as recorded by the California Department o£Transportation.

Significance: Accident rates vary significantly by type of road andaverage annual daily traffic (AADT). Accident ratesshould, however, be analyzed in con~unetion withinformation about the percentage of truck usage andthe design o£ the road. The accident rate aloneshould not be used to fudge the safety of the highway.


The minimum time path from mayor wasteshed areas to afacility should fallow highways with low to moderateaverage annual daily traffic and accident rates asguided by the research and findings o£ state,regional, county, and city transportation planners.

A-36

CAPACITY VS. AVERAGE ANNUAL DAILY TRAFFIC OF ACCESS ROADS

Definition: Capacity versus average annual daily traffic (AADT) ofaccess roads is defined as the number of vehicles theroad is designed to handle versus the number ofvehicles it does handle on a daily basis, averagedover a period of one year.

Significance: Roads currently handling at or near the maximum numberof vehicles should not be considered good routes farthe transport of solid waste. Ideally, the roads bestsuited for solid waste transportation are those onwhich the additional vehicles serving the facilitywill have little or no impact an the average annualdaily traffic relative to the capacity.


The changes in the ratio of route capacity to AADTshould be negligible after calculating the number oftrucks an the mayor and minor routes expected toservice the facility.

A-37

PROTECT THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF THE COMMUNITY

OBJECTIVE: PROTECT THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GOALS OFTHE COMMUNITY

FACTORS: Consistency with General Plan

A-38

CONSISTENCY WITH GENERAL PLAN

Definition: Consistency with the General Plan is defined asconsistency of the proposed facility with theland-term goals of the county or city as expressed byits local planning instruments: the General Plan andimplementing ordinances.

Significance: "Local Planning" is an ongoing process of directinggrowth and development in accordance with previouslyformulated plans, policy documents, ordinances, andactions.

The State of California requires by law that countiesand cities develop a General Plan and implementingordinances. The Los Angeles County General Plan setsforth policies far the unincorporated areas in theCounty. This Plan was coordinated with the cities inthe County and basically reflects the planning effortsof these cities.

A General Plan contains policy statements andguidelines reflecting the County's or city's outlookon future growth and development.

Zoning ordinances are used as a principal means ofimplementing the General plan. Each zone represents aspecial application of land use regulations andguidelines. This zoning, as required by State law,must be consistent with the adopted General Plan.

Consistency between thenecessary to ensure thatnot interfere with thegoals. Preferred sitesaway from residentialutilities.


facility and local planning isthe facility development will

achievement of city or Countyare usually those that are

areas and are well-served by

The proposed facility must be consistent with thecounty or city General Plan. However, the applicantmay petition for an amendment to the General Plan.

In addition, the proposed facility must be inconformance with the Los Angeles County Solid WasteManagement Plan.

A-39

APPENDIX B

APPENDIX B

THE DISCRETIONARY PERMIT PROCESSFOR

SOLID (NON-HAZARDOUS) WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES

Associated with the siting of any facility is a series of permitsthat are required from a number of Federal, State, regional andlocal agencies. These permits are required for the construction,operation, and closure ~f a solid waste management facility.The main areas of concern addressed here are discretionarypermits which include land use, air quality, water quality, andsolid waste management facilities. This appendix identifies theregulatory requirements and the administrative process. Alisting of the regulatory and the permitting agencies havingjurisdiction aver the Los Angeles County area is shown in TableB-1 .

The time necessary to obtain all required permits can take fromone-and-one-half to several years. However, a well preparedapplication is likely to expedite the permitting process. Anillustration of the permitting process and the approximate timenecessary for obtaining the required permits for a land disposalFacility is shown in Figure B-1. The permit process for transferstations and waste-ta-energy facilities is similiar except thatneither require a Waste Discharge Requirements Permit. However,waste-to-energy pro,~ects are subject to air quality permits; theair quality permit process is also shown on Figure B-1.

I. LAND USE PERMIT

A. Regulatory Overview

In California, city and county governments have broad authorityto plan for and regulate land use. Cities and counties arerequired by State law to adopt a General Plan to govern thephysical development of lands in their ,jurisdictions. Zoningordinances generally consist of text and maps specifying areas,or zones, designated £or such basic uses as residential,commercial, industrial, and agricultural. For each zone, thetext of the zoning ordinance typically includes:

o An explanation of the purpose o£ the zone;o A list of the principal permitted uses:o A list of uses allowed by a conditional use permit; ando Specific development standards such as lot size, density,

building type, and setback.

The conditional use permit provision allows a local government toreview and place conditions an an individual pra~ect to ensurethat the pro,~ect is suitable for the proposed use, and does not

TABLE B-1

REGULATING AND PERMITTING AGENCIES

Federal

Environmental Protection Agency - Region IX215 Fremont StreetSan Francisco, CA 9105(415) 974-8071

State

California WasteManagement Board

1020 9th Street, Suite 300Sacramento, CA 95814(916> 322-333

State Water ResourcesControl Board

901 P StreetSacramento, CA 95814(916) 322-0281

California Air ResourcesControl Board

1102 Q StreetSacramento, CA 95812(916) 322-2990

California Energy Cammissian1516 Ninth StreetSacramento, CA 95814(916) 324-3237

California Regional Air Pollution Control District

South Coast Air Quality Management District9150 Flair DriveE1 Monte, CA 91731(818) 572-6400

California Regional Water Quality Control Boards

Los Angeles Region107 South Broadway, Room X027Los Angeles, CA 90012(213) b20-4460

Lahontan Region - Victorville Branch Office15371 Bonanza RoadVictorville, CA 92392(619) 245-6583

B-2

PSD preconstruetion review. The PSD review requires ambient airquality monitoring for one year in the impact area affected bythe new source or modification, and an analysis of impairment tovisibility, soil, vegetation, and the air quality effect of othergrowth because of the new source.

C. Administrative Process

The permit application is submitted to the SCAQMD; the SCAQMDmust determine if the application is complete within 30 days. Ifthe application is deemed incomplete, then the applicant isnotified of the additional information that needs to be provided.Once the application is complete, it is evaluated for compliancewith the SCAQMD's applicable rules and regulations, including NewSource Review requirements and standards of performance for newstationary sources. In addition, the SCAQMD, as stipulated inrecently enacted legislation, Chapter 1134 - Statutes of 1986,must perform a Health Risk Assessment and make a determinationthat no significant increase in illness or mortality isanticipated from the project. Following the evaluation of theapplication, a preliminary decision is made to either approve,approve with conditions, or deny the Permit to Construct. Theadministrative process is illustrated in Figure B-1.

If the preliminary decision is for approval of the Permit toConstruct and if the facility or equipment is evaluated underregulations requiring public notice (e.g., New Source Review),then public notice is given (e.g., prominent newspaperadvertisement) within 10 days, and copies of the decision (i.e.,engineering evaluation) will be sent to the California AirResources Control Board (ARB) and the Region IX office of theEPA, and made available for public inspection at the SCAQMD'soffice. The ARB, the EPA, and the public have 30 days in whichto submit written comments on the preliminary decision. Allwritten comments are considered by the SCAQMD and a finaldecision is then made within 180 days after the application isaccepted as complete.

Written conditions on the Permit to Construct may be imposed bythe SCAQMD to ensure proper operation of the equipment andcompliance with the SCAQMD's applicable rules and regulations.

The Permit to Construct acts as a temporary Permit to Operate forthe initial operation of the equipment; conditions generallyimposed on the permit include requirements and specifications forstack monitoring (if applicable) and source testing, requirementsfor compliance with all rules and data/specifications submittedwith the permit application, as well as requirements for propermaintenance and operation of all equipment. ThP applicant mayfile an appeal or petition for a variance if any of theconditions placed on the Permit to construct by the SCAQMD arecontested. The Permit to Construct is valid for two years Fromthe date the application was filed unless an extension isrequested and granted by the SCAQMD. If the equipmen~ is notoperational within two years (i.e., construction not completed),then an extension may be requested by the applicant.

R-11

If the Permit to Construct is denied, then a predenial conferenceis arranged with the applicant. The SCAQMD then explains thereasons for denial at this conference. The applicant may supplyadditional information, explanation, or clarification to rectifythe situation. However, i£ the final action is denial, then adenial letter (a form of legal action) is sent or given to theapplicant by the SCAQMD.

Following receipt of the denial letter, the applicant may file anappeal within 10 days of receipt of the letter with the SCA~MDHearing Board. An applicant appealing the denial to the SCAQMD'sHearing Board must file a petition including the followinginformation:

o Petitioner's name, address, and phone number;o Type of business or activity involved in the application;o Brief description of the article, machine, or equipment

involved in the application; ando Reasons for denial and the appeal.

The applicant may also petition the Board for a variance from theapplicable rules and regulations. Variances are not normallygranted except under specific conditions.

The Hearing Board conducts a public hearing and testimony givenby the applicant, the SCAQMD's stafF, and interested persons aregiven consideration by the Board in reaching a decision. Unlessthe applicant and the SCAQMD agree to additional time, theHearing Board is required to reach a decision on the appealwithin 30 days of receipt.

A copy of the Hearing Board's decision is mailed to theapplicant, the SCAQMD, and all persons who testified at thehearing. The decision contains a brief statement of the factsfound by the Board to be true, the Board's determination of theissues involved, and its order. Thirty days after copies of thedecision are mailed to the appropriate parties, the decisionbecomes effective.

When the construction or modification is completed the applicantneeds to contact the SCAQMD before operating the equipment. ThePermit to Construct acts as G temporary Permit to Operate duringthe initial operational phase for the equipment. An inspectionof the equipment is conducted to ensure that the equipment wasconstructed according to the terms of the Permit to Construct andto determine if the applicant is in compliance with the SCAQMD'srules and regulations during operation of the equipment. Actualoperating data are used to determine compliance, If the Facilityis acceptable, then the Permit to Operate will be approved. ThePermit to Operate may also be approved with conditions to be metby the applicant. The applicant may file an appeal or a petition£or a variance if any of the conditions placed on the Permit toOperate by the SCAQMD are contested.

If the facility is not acceptable, then the Permit to Operate isdenied. The denial process (i.e., predenial conference, denial

s-12

TABLE B-1

REGULATING AND PERMITTING AGENCIES

(Continued)

Local Agency(s)

County of Los Angeles Los Angeles County SolidDepartment of Health Services Waste Management Committee2615 South Grand, Room X50 P.O. Box 4089Los Angeles, CA 90007 Los Angeles, CA 90051(213) 744-3251 (213) 226-421

Regional Planning Department320 West TempleLos Angeles, CA 90012(213) 974-6411

(unincorporated areas)

B-3

Cities:Contact appropriate citiesfor respective jurisdiction

FIGURE B-1

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITY PERMITTING PROCESS(LANDFIISS ONLY)

LgffD USE/EIH: (LOS iLiGcZFS COONI7 REGIONAL FLAHIiII~G/LOCOL FLR*+TRG df,FFCY)

Deterninatioa Initial Notice o/ Public Eaview Incorporate Hearing onApplication of pplication Stuffy Consul to [ton Matt EIB Period Coxm et9 ~an0 Use PermitSuEsitted Complet eaess Cosplete and PreOa rat ion Issued 45 to 90 Days and Draft E1R

30 ➢eyn 45 Days of EIR Pu611c He ~iag

365 Dq, _

ViSTs DISCHARGE BE~IIIfLIIL''i75 (1fDE): CC IT TF()PAT\ {7a'g.$ Ql]91.~'T C~8`~~ ~J4811~ ~~

T.stative W➢& 30 Defy Integrate RPiI.`5 PermitSubmit WL@/ Hevieved Sou' Application Eeleesed Zor Public Comments Ya~te Mschnrge

NP➢FS 30 Days Coapletion Comoleta Agencies ~d Comment Ee~ing Eequiremeatn6pplication Public• Period ldopted

'f20 Dq~n t~ 57I7H240 Dqa t~HPffiB ~ -ro tsi attics II ID amts rca~ux

~FIlP➢I32G OF COSINORfIBNCE: (LOS INGII.FS COIIPTY SOLID VAST£ HAIUCIIgOT COtffffT~gE ,AFD C9LTFOHAI► PASTE ttAAdGF2tEBT BOABD)

iaa etnxaur. ar~mxaixz~j

~v

Proposal 6YttC S4MC Notify CWCIDLccepted Issue ~ Iseue CLI[ID of 45 Days ConcurrenceBy SNtIC CF~~ ti8onsl

F~d~ CBindin6 Finding

~- ( 90 ➢qs iS Lid IIea Permit hen been issued ) _I~

SOLID HASTE PACII.ITY F~'RMIT: (IAS ANGII~S CAONTY ➢F~i&TtIE9T OP HEALTH SFB4ZCF5/LEA AND CILIFOENZI Yd&TE HAIIAGIIIIIIT BOiBD) ~aw

ApplicationSubaitted to

i

PtopaseflPer~it

end ~~toy 40 Da s

Concurrence 5 Damps rcaWith ire~

Complete CIiPID persit b. SLlMC

Issue

FindSnB~ Permit

( ~5 Dgye SS Laced Dse Pernit, L'Iffi d~ SW71C Finding have Deen issued )

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED PERMITS FOR WASTE-TO-ENERGY FACILITIES

AIR QURIITY PERMIT: (SOUTH COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT OI STRICT)

]Od.r F.~iYry En~n...l~~~y~„~~ pw~„1i pr.t~w for Anplla~le~ ►rNlminrpE~~~+.rin~ ►ubN• Ilni.. ►erled Cu~n~w~ Mw F~dU~r

Cem~rv~rion° ~strY:lon

Enlu~~lon of Mmll

W~ Lanv~~~~T~ CenlNtt CDT I~nti~JO DK~bnE..~u~tion 10 No~ka ►uMld P~.Nw ►•rmi~ Ts

ComN ~•►~.~nl~ To T~ Oo«~p

yn d.rs EfA/ARB to~mmruc~ pp.r~t.

jE 160 dM 1e~.1 -~ 53o dnn

adversely affect neighboring land uses. This type of zoningordinance provision can also be used to require the modificationof an existing use permit should an existing land use be modifiedto a certain extent.

A local agency can also issue a "zoning variance" if specialphysical characteristics (e.g., lot size, shape, topography,location, or surroundings) deprive a parcel of the privilegesthat parcels in the same zoning classification have. A variancecannot be used to grant privileges to a parcel that are notavailable to other parcels in the area that are similarly zoned,and "use variances" cannot be issued for uses not permitted by azoning ordinance.

If a proposed project in a specific location is not permitted bythe zoning ordinance, then a zone change (or rezoning) must beobtained by the applicant. A zone change may require the GeneralPlan to be amended so that it is consistent with the zoningordinance.

The approval o£ General Plan amendments, zone changes, zoningvariances, modifications to existing use permits, and conditionaluse permits by the local agency are discretionary decisions andas such are subject to the requirements of the CaliforniaEnvironmental Quality Act (CEQA) and public hearing requirementsunder State planning laws. The California Environmental QualityAct requires the lead agency in the permitting of solid wastemanagement facilities, generally the County or city agencyresponsible for approving the land use permit, to conduct anInitial Study of the proposed facility. If a potentialsignificant environmental effect is identified, then anEnvironmental Impact Report (EIR) is required. If the agencydetermines that the facility will not have any significantenvironmental effects associated with it, or that all thesignificant effects can be mitigated, then a negative declarationis required.

In addition to the General Plan, the applicant should review theCounty Solid Waste Management Plan (CoSWMP). This is ofparticular importance since the County Solid Waste ManagementPlan designate sites for nonhazardous waste facilities. Any siteidentified in the County Solid Waste Management Plan must also beidentified as a site in the applicable city or County GeneralPlan. In addition, the law states that land uses adjacent to andnear any site must be compatible with the establishment orexpansion of the site. Once a waste site is designated as suchin a General Plan, the County or local city with jurisdiction maynot approve any land use adjacent to or near the site that wouldpreclude establishment of a waste management facility or theplanned expansion of a facility.

B. Permitting Requirements

The siting of a solid waste management facility requires theproponent to obtain a land use permit from a city or the Countygovernment. Zoning ordinances generally have not specifically

B-5

designated lands that can be used for this type of facility as apermitted use, but have included this type of facility within aspecific zoning classification when a conditional use permit isobtained.

Each public agency in California is required by law to compile alist specifying in detail the information to be required of anapplication far a development pra~ect. The proponent of a solidwaste management facility needs to fill out a development projectapplication with the required information and submit it to theappropriate local agency (e.g., planning department). Generallythe following is required:

o Information abut the applicant;o Location of property and approximate size;o A description of the project;o A description of the site;o A description of how public services and utilities will be

provided; ando A discussion of the possible environment impacts.

This information is used by the agency in determining conditionsto be placed on the land use permit and in approving a GeneralPlan amendment, if necessary. In addition, this information isused to determine if a request far a zone variance isappropriate. In reviewing this information, the local agencyuses this information in their Initial Study for determiningwhether an EIR or negative declaration is required.


The application needs to be submitted to the appropriate agency,usually the local planning department. The agency is required tomake a determination as to the completeness of the applicationwithin 30 days and to identify those parts that are incomplete.The application then £allows the administrative processillustrated in Figure B-1.

When the application is determined to be complete, the agencyinitiates the environmental review process under CEQA and orderspreparation for a draft EIR. Fallowing preparation of the finalEIR, a land use permit decision is made, usually by the localplanning commission, board of zoning adjustment, or zoningadministrator. The final permit decision is either approved,approved with conditions, or disapproved for the project.

If the project is approved, then the land use permit is issuedwith its stated conditions and, if necessary, associated zonechange, zone variance, and/or General Plan amendment. If thefinal permit decision is disapproval, or if the conditions of thepermit are fudged unreasonable by the applicant, then theapplicant has the right to appeal the decision to the locallegislative body (City Council or Board of Supervisors).Legislative bodies are usually not bound by the findings of alower administrative body and may make their own determination onthe project. If the outcome of the appeal is not satisfactory to

B-6

the applicant or any other aggrieved party, then judicial reliefcan be sought.

The total length of time to receive the required land usepermit s) from lead and responsible agencies should be 12 months.However, this time frame does not take into account challenges tothe permit decisions and the judicial review associated with suchactivities.

II. AIR QUALITY PERMIT


An applicant for a resource recovery (i.e., waste-to-energy)project must obtain a Permit to Construct and a Permit to Operatefrom the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD).

The SCAQMD has a speciFic set of regulations that identify theemission levels that must be met by new sources or bymodifications to existing facilities. These emission levels havebeen established so that National Ambient Air Quality Standards(NAAQS) are maintained or progress is made toward reaching thestandards. Based on the NAAQS standards for ozone, carbonmonoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and total suspendedparticulate matter, the SCAQMD has been identified as being innonattainment for all except sulfur dioxide. Because of this,further reductions must be made through the application ofstricter controls.

Waste-to-Energy facilities are subject to the rules andregulations established by the SCAQMD. These rules generallyfall into the following categories:

o Standards of performance for new stationary sources;o Source-specific standards;o Prohibitions; ando New Source Review.

Standards of performance £or new stationary sources areperformance standards required for specific types of facilities(e.g., waste-to-energy, petroleum refineries, sewage treatmentplants) that include specific emission standards, monitoringrequirements, and emission testing procedures. Source-specificstandards include performance standards required for specificclasses of industrial operations (e.g., excavation of landfillsites, emissions from gas recovery systems). Prohibitionsinclude nuisance and opacity constraints and specific emissionstandards applicable to the emission concentrations of certaincontaminants.

Under New Source Review, requireRients have been established forthe preconstruction review of new or modified stationary sourcesemitting nonattainment air contaminants. Depending on the site,various increased levels o£ emissions will trigger the

B-7

application of Best Available Control Technology (BACT) or LowestAchievable Emission Rate (LAER).

There are also additional requirements i£ there is a netcumulative emission increase that exceeds certain thresholdlimits. These thresholds are identified in Table B-2.

If these levels are exceeded, then the applicant must obtainoffsets to balance the increased pollutant levels. Offsets,generally, may be obtained by making reductions on-site atexisting facilities, off-site at another facility owned by thesame company, or by finding emission reductions from the SCAQMDemissions "bank" if one has been established.

In order to maintain air quality in those areas that are inattainment of the NAAQS for one or more of the criteriapollutants, new sources must comply with the Prevention ofSignificant Deterioration (PSD) program established under theClean Air Act amendments of 1977. Regulations for the PSDprogram were issued by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)in 1978. Under these requirements, three classifications weredeveloped to identify the bong-term air quality goals for theareas. Class I areas include national parks and wilderness areaswhere the goal is to protect and enhance the air quality. ClassII areas include areas that are in attainment of NAAQS and wherethere is a goal of balancing economic growth and the public'shealth and welfare. Class III areas are available for economicgrowth, while still maintaining NAAQS.

A source is subject to PSD regulation if it is located in a areawhere one or more of the criteria pollutants is in attainment ofNAAQS and the source is a qualified stationary source under PSDregulations. Sulfur dioxide is the only pollutant subject to PSDreview under this category.

Stationary sources that would be required to submit a PSD reviewinclude:

o A new source or a modification at an existing source wherethe increase in potential to emit is either 100 or 250tons per year, depending on the source category;

o A significant emission increase at an existing majorstationary source; or

o Any net emission increase at a major stationary sourcelocated within 10 km of a Class I area, if the emissionincrease would impact the Class i area by 1.0 ug/rn3,(24-hour average).

The SCAQMD, through the authority of the State Air ResourcesBoard, is managing the PSD program in the South Coast Air Basin.The SCAQMD's PSD regulations require BACT for all stationarysources with a net emission increase of a criteria pollutant.

However, the Energy Resource Conservation and DevelopmentCommission (California Energy Commission) is the lead agencyresponsible for licensing and regulating waste-to-energy

s-s

TABLE B-2

THRESHOLDS FOR NET CUMULATIVE SOURCE EMISSIONS

Air Contaminant Pounds/Da

Carbon Monoxide (CO) 550

Sulfur Dioxide (S02) 150

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) 100

Particulate Matter (PM) 150

Reactive Organic Gases (ROG) 75

Lead Compounds 3

Source: South Coast Air Quality Management District, January 1985

B-9

facilities producing 50 or more megawatts. Under its licensingprocedures, the Commission becomes the local agency for theenvironmental documents and the single permit for the facility.

Class III land disposal facilities are also subject to SCAQMDrules and regulations. All existing and proposed Class IZI landdisposal facilities must comply with the SCA~MD Rule 1150.1"Control of Gaseous Emissions from Aetive Landfills." The Rulerequires installation of a landfill gas control system andperimeter monitoring probes as well as implementation of amonitoring program to ensure that landfill gas emissions do notexceed specified SCAQMD standards. Also, Class III landfillfacilities are subject to the requirements of the Calderon Bills(Chapter 153? - Statutes of 198 and Chapter 1055 - Statutes of1986). This legislation requires a landfill owner/operator toconduct a solid waste assessment test (SWAT), as specified, todetermine if landfill gasses are being emitted from the site, andto submit the report to the SCA~MD for review and approval.


Written authorization From the SCAQMD is required in the form ofa Permit to Construct and Permit to Operate before constructingand operating any waste-to-energy facility. To obtain a permit£or a proposed waste-to-energy facility, an application must besubmitted along with detailed data, specifications, plans, anddrawings for the proposed facility.

The following information is generally requested for obtainingrequired permits from the SCAQMD.

o Description of equipment to be used including make, model,size, type, and manufacturer's numerical designation forthe entire unit or mayor part of the unit;

o Drawing identifying the location of all equipment,property lines, buildings and their height, streets, andthe nature of adjacent buildings (residences, warehouses,etc.);

o Description of process to be carried out by equipmentgenerating air contaminants including data on the nature,volume, particle size, weights, and concentrations of alltypes of air contaminants that may be discharged at eachstage in the process. Con~rol procedures should besimilarly identified including the expected efficiency ofeach control device;

o Operating schedule specifying hours per day, days perweek;

o Description of the type and amount of fuel to be burnedand the make, model, size, type, number of burners, andcapacity range of each burner; and

o Drawing of the equipment, dimensioned and to scale, inplan, elevation, and as many sections as are needed toshow clearly the design and operation o~ the equipment.

Furthermore, modeling using an air quality simulation model maybe required under New Source Review regulations or as part of a

s-lo

letter) is the same as is outlined above for the denial of aPermit to Construct. Following receipt of the denial letter, theapplicant has £our options. The first is to File an appealwithin 10 days of receipt of the letter with the SCAQMD HearingBoard. The second is to file a petition with the Board for avariance, allowing operation of the facility while the airpollution control problem is being solved. The third option isto suspend operation of all equipment and to refile anapplication that addresses the objections in the denial, and thelast is to abandon operation of all equipment associated with thedenial.

The Hearing Board then conducts a public hearing and make itsfinal decision as outlined above in the Permit to Constructappeals procedure. The applicant can seek judicial relief if theoutcome of the appeal is not satisfactory to the petitioner.

III. WATER QUALITY/WASTE DISCHARGE PERMIT


The State of California through the Porter-Cologne Water QualityControl Act (1969) established nine Regional Water QualityControl Boards with the responsibility of developing waterquality control plans for their respective basin and the StateWater Resources Control Board (SWRCB) to formulate and adoptState policy for water quality control. Within Los AngelesCounty there are two Regional Boards that have developed plansthat identify the beneficial uses of waters in the basin that areto be protected, water quality objectives that protect thoseuses, and an implementation plan to accomplish those objectives.These are the Los Angeles Region and the Lahontan Region andtheir respective ~urisdietions are identified in Figure B-2.

In addition to these responsibilities, the Regional Water QualityControl Boards have been delegated certain responsibilitiesassociated with the Federal Clean Water Aet (Public Law 92-500,as amended), including the issuance of National PollutantDischarge Elimination System (NPDES) permits for waste dischargesto surface waters (e.g., through a pipe or confined channel).

To meet the water quality objectives of a Regional Board'simplementation plan, NPDES permits and Waste DischargeRequirements are issued. Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs) areadopted by the Regional Boards for discharges of waste that mayaffect groundwater quality and for discharges of waste that occurin a diffused manner (e.g., erosion from soil disturbance).NPDES permits and WDRs set limitations of the type and quantityof waste discharges that could potentially affect the quality ofsurface waters or groundwaters of the State, and may specifyengineering and technical requirements to ensure compliance.

Land disposal facilities will require a NPDES permit and/or W~Rsif the facility could potentially affect surface or groundwater

B-13

FIGURE ~B-2REGIONAL WATER QUPbLITY CONTROL BOARD JURISDICTIONS

B-14

quality through waste discharges. Facilities that dischargetreated wastewater to surface waters require a NPDES permit.

Specific regulations concerning the water quality aspects ofwaste discharges to land were adopted on November 27, 1984.Title 23, Chapter 3, Subchapter 15 "Discharges of Waste to Land"of the California Administrative Code identifies siting criteria,construction standards, water quality monitoring requirements,and closure and post-closure maintenance procedures for surfaceimpoundments, landfills, waste piles, and land treatmentfacilities.


To apply for a WDR permit, a "Report of Waste Discharge - Form200" must be filed- with the appropriate Regional Board 180 daysprior to the start of the discharge. The "Report of WasteDischarge" and an accompanying technical report must include thefollowing information:

o Description of the Facility or activity, including whetherthe applicant proposes to increase or change an existingdischarge or develop a new one;

o Location of the operation by section, township, and range,with a U.S.G.S. 7.5-minute series topographic mapattached;

o Description of the discharge by type, quantity, interval,and method of discharge;

o Water £low and location map, identifying all dischargepoints;

o Regional and site-specific characteristics identifyingtopography, climatology, geology, hydrology, land use, andwater use. Standards for containment structures includinghydraulic pressure, settlement, or compression must bemet.

o Description o£ proposed or current waste abatementpractices; and

o Statement noting whether an environmental document hasbeen or must be prepared.

WDRs, if required for a facility, must bethe Regional Board before a solid waste fa•by the California Waste Management Boardagreed to incorporate WDRs into the Solidto ensure that the facility does notinconsistent or conflicting waterrequirements.

obtained or waived by~ility permit is issued(CWMB). The CWMB hasWaste Facility Permithave to comply withquality protection

To apply for a NPDES ~,.~er~.~~., an "Application for Permit toDischarge - Short~~Form D" mast be filed with the appropriateRegional Board at least 180 days prior to beginning the wastedischarges. The "Report of Waste Discharge" must include thefollowing information:

o Description of the facility or activity;o Description of the discharge, including the type,

8-15

quantity, interval, and method of discharge;o Exact location of the point of disposal including a

U.S.G.S. map or other illustration;o List of all permits and licenses required by federal,

state, ar local agencies for the project;o Water flow and location map identifying all discharge

points;o Description of proposed or current waste abatement

practices; ando Any available environmental documents.


1. Waste Discharge Requirements

The "Report of Waste Discharge" and technical report aresubmitted to the appropriate Regional Board. The applicationthen follows the administrative process illustrated an FigureB-1. The Executive Officer of the Regional Board thendetermines if the application is complete within 30 days andis responsible for notifying the applicant if additionalinformation is required.

Once the application is complete, the Executive Officer thendetermines whether WDRs should be adopted, the dischargeshould be prohibited, or the requirements should be waived bythe Regional Boarde The application is evaluated todetermine whether the proposed discharge is consistent withthe water quality objectives adopted by the Regional Board,the Water Quality Control Plan for the regional basin, andthe Areawide Waste Treatment Management ("208") Plan. If theExecutive Officer determines that WDRs should be adopted,then tentative requirements, including proposed effluentlimitations, special conditions, and a monitoring program, isprepared. The tentative WDRs are distributed to all publicagencies and individuals with a known interest in the projector who request the requirements.

Comments on the proposed requirements must be received within30 days. After consideration is given to all comments, theBoard holds a public meeting or a formal hearing at therequest of the applicant on the tentative WDRs and eitheradopts the WDRs or modifies them before adop`ing them.Adoption requires a majority vote of the Board.

If the Executive Officer determines that the proposed wastedischarge should be prohibited, then he must submit a reportto the Regional Board stating the reasons for his action.The Executive Officer's report £allows the sameadministrative process as outlined above. The Regional Boardmay concur with the recommendation to prohibit the dischargeor require the Executive Officer to prepare WDRs.

2. NPDES Permit

B-16

The NPDES permit application is submitted to the appropriateRegional Board. The application then follows theadministrative process illustrated on Figure B-1 TheExecutive Officer of the Regional Board determines within 30days if the application is complete and notifies theapplicant if additional information is required.

Once the application is determined to be complete by theExecutive Officer, it is forwarded within 15 days to theRegion IX office of the Environmental Protection Agency(i.e., Regional Administrator). The Regional Administratorhas 20 days to review the NPDES permit application £orcompleteness and to request any additional information fromthe applicant. If it is necessary to request additionalinformation From the applicant, then the Administrator has anadditional 20 days after the request to complete the reviewof the application and forward any comments to the ExecutiveOfficer.

The permit application is evaluated to determine whether theproposed discharge is consistent with the water qualityobjectives adopted by the Regional Board, the Water QualityControl Plan £or the regional basin, the Areawide WasteTreatment Management ("208") Plan, and Federal effluentlimitations. If the Executive Officer determines that aNPDES permit should be issued for the waste discharge, thententative waste discharge requirements are preparedincluding:

o Effluent limitations;o A schedule For complying with the discharge

requirements;o Special conditions; ando A discharge monitoring program.

The tentative requirements are forwarded to the EPA RegionalAdministrator for review. The Administrator then has 30 days(and may request an additional 30 days) to review thetentative requirements and submit any objections or commentsto the Executive Officer.

While the EPA Regional Administrator is reviewing thetentative requirements, a "Notice of Public Hearing" isprepared by the Executive Officer and a copy is sent to theapplicant to circulate. Circulation instructions may requirethe applicant to do any of the following:

o Put up the not?ce in the post office and in otherpublic places within the municipality closest to thearea of discharge;

o Post the notice at the entrance of the discharger'spremises and in other nearby p7.aces; and

o Publish the notice in local newspapers or in a dailynewspaper with general circulation.

B-17

The applicant is required to submit proof to the ExecutiveOfficer of having complied with the instructions forcirculating the notice within 15 days after it is posted orpublished.

The public notice is also mailed to agencies and individualswith known interest in the project or who request the notice.Reviewers of the tentative requirements will have 30 days toforward comments to the Executive Officer. Consideration isgiven to all comments and the tentative waste dischargerequirements may be modified in response to the comments.

A public hearing must be held by the Regional Board. Thetentative requirements may be adopted or modified and adoptedby a majority vote of the Board at the hearing. The EPARegional Administrator has 10 days to review the adoptedrequirements; if objections are raised, then the NPDES permitdoes not become effective until the Executive Officer o£ theSWRCB modifies the permit to satisfy the RegionalAdministrator's objections.

If the Executive Officer of the Regional Board determinesthat a NPDES permit should not be issued after evaluating theapplication, then he must submit a report to the RegionalBoard stating the reasons for his action. The ExecutiveOfficer's report then follows the same administrative processoutlined above. The Regional Board and/or EPA may concurwith the Executive Officer's recommendation or require theExecutive O££icer to prepare a NPDES permit.

3. Appeals Process

Any person may appeal the action of a regional board on WDRsor a NPDES permit by petitioning SWCRB within 30 days of theregional board's decision.

The petition should include:

o Specific action by the Regional Board that thepetitioner is requesting the SWRCB to review;

o Date on which the Regional Board acted;o Reasons that the action of the Regional Board was

inappropriate;o Manner in which the petitioner is affected;o Specific action the petitioner requests the SWRCB to

take; ando Legal document known as "Points and Authorities",

which discusses the legal issues raised by thepetition.

If a public hearing is requested, then the petition muststate that additional evidence is available that was notpresented to the Board or that evidence was improperlyexcluded by the Board. The nature of the evidence and the£acts to support it must be included in the petition.

B-18

If the petitioner is not thepetition must be sent toappropriate Regional Board byhas 20 days to file a responseand to send a copy of the resEthe petitioner.

applicant, then a copy of theboth the applicant and thethe petitioner. The applicantto the petition with the SWRCB

>onse to the Regional Board and

After reviewing the petition, the SWRCB decides whether ornot to review the Regional Board's action (i.e., deny thepetition, review the Board's action based upon its records,or hold a hearing o£ its own). If the SWRCB decides toreview the contested action, then it may either deny ormodify the petition or direct the Regional Board to takespecific action. If a hearing is held by the SWRCB to reviewthe appeal, then the petitioner, the Regional Board, andother appropriate agencies and individuals are notified.After reviewing testimony liven at the hearing, the SWRCBwill make final determination on the appeal. If the outcomeof the appeal is not satisfactory to the petitioner or anyother aggrieved party, then judicial relief can be sought.

IV. FINDING OF CONFORMANCE


The State of California enacted into law theNejedly-Z'berg-Dills Solid Waste Management and ResourceRecovery Act (Senate Bill 5) of 1972, which required thateach county, in cooperation with local jurisdictions andprivate industry, prepare a comprehensive, coordinated solidwaste management plan £or submittal to the California WasteManagement Board (CWMB). The plan is sub,~ect to approval bya majority of the cities within the County which contain amajority of the population of the incorporated area of theCounty. Such a plan is intended to coordinate wastemanagement on a County wide basis, and to offer a means bywhich solid waste management facilities and programs can beplanned to effectively serve the public need.

In response to this legislation, the Los Angeles County Boardof Supervisors in October 1973 adopted a resolution acceptingresponsibility £or preparation of the County Solid WasteManagement Plan (CoSWMP). To assure the participation andcooperation o£ the many public agencies and interestedbusiness and civic groups in the development of the plan, theCounty created the Los Angeles County Solid Waste ManagementCommittee (SWMC).

The first CoSWMP prepared by the SWMC was approved by theCWMB in December 1977. In accordance with state regulations,a plan review is required every three years. County staffconducted such a review in September 1980, and recommended tothe SWMC ar.d the CWMB that various portions of the Plan beupdated. In response to these recommendations, the SWMCprepared the Los Angeles County Solid Waste Management Plan,

B-19

Volume I: Non Hazardous Waste, dated March 1984, and RevisionA, thereof, dated August 1985. This triennial update of theCoSWMP was approved by the CWMB in March 1986.

Legislation (Senate Bill 1797) enacted in 1976 by the Stategave the CWMB a direct role in siting solid waste managementfacilities. It required the CWMB to make a determinationthat each proposed facility is in conformance with a localCoSWMP. In Los Angeles County, the SWMC is the liaison forthe CWMB for making a determination and for issuance of aFinding of Conformance with the CoSWMP for concurrence by theCWMB.


All solid waste facilities must have a Finding of Canformanee(FOC) with the CoSWMP in accordance with Title 7.3,California Government Code, Section 66784, unless otherwiseexempt. A POC is necessary for incorporation of new solidwaste facilities into the CoSWMP.

However, certain types of solid waste facilities are exemptfrom a FOC with the CoSWMP. These facilities include:

o Nonprofit, private resource recovery or recycling sitesfor neighborhood or community type activities approvedby a city or county;

o Owner-operated Unclassified (inert) landfills andresource recovery facilities receiving only onespecific nonputrescible waste type (i.e., wood chips);

o Research facilities;o Drilling mud disposal sites for short-term use;o Farm or ranch disposal sites £or one- or two-family

use;o Nonprofit, short-term demonstration type resource

recovery facilities;o Small-volume transfer stations (less that 15 cubic

yards per day);o On-site disposal sites for nonhazardous industrial

generators where insignificant amounts of wastes aregenerated;

o Evaporation ponds for disposing of salts from oil andgeothermal operations; and

o Wood waste sites under special conditions.

Facilities required to obtain a FOC with the CoSWMP mustsubmit proposals to the SWMC containing the followinginformation:

o Identity of project proponent;o Description of project location;a Pra~ect implementation schedule, which starts upon

issuance of the land use approval or solid wastefacilities permit;

o Project design capacity;o Description of waste material to be handled;

o Projection of waste quantity to be handled at start-upand at 5-year intervals in project life;

o Identification of waste transport corridors anddestination;

o Technology to be used for treatment facilities;o Planned site classification for disposal sites;o Planned end uses of the land far land disposal sites;o Environmental documentation (initial study, negative

declaration, categorical exemption, or a draftenvironmental impact report);

o Planned market for materials/energy recovered fromresource recovery projects;

o Expected method of financing;o Information and operations plan for meeting applicable

permit/regulatory requirements;o Resource recovery alternatives. Title 14, California

Administrative Code, Section 17134, requires that theCoSWMP "delineate the resource recovery alternatives todisposal when selection and siting of a new solid wastefacility is made." Accordingly, a proposal to the SWMCfor a Finding of Conformance should include an economicassessment of resource recovery options when new orexpanded landfills, transfer stations, or other solidwaste facilities are proposed; and

o Demonstration of compliance with consistencyrequirements as required by General Code SectionGovernment Code 66780.


The SWMC is required to review and act on a proposed projectwhich meets the requirements of the CoSWMP. Failure by theSWMC to determine a Finding of ConFormance within 90 daysresults in a determination of conformance. However, bymutual consent of both parties, the review period may beextended for an agreed upon period.

In the review process, the SWMC:

1. Considers the pro~eet in relation to existing planobjectives and policies, CWMB and the Department o£Health Services policies, as appropriate, and theCounty/city general plan objectives.

2. Evaluates the (site-specific) need for the project.

3. Accepts comments from the local jurisdiction where thefacility is to be located. The local jurisdictionshall be requested by SWMC to comment on project need,pro~eet implementation, proposed transportation routes,and planned end uses of the land (for landfills).

4. Examines the existing and projected waste flow toexisting and planned projects to evaluate projectfeasibility and need.

B-21

5. Conducts a technical review of the project aimedspecifically at the application of technology, wasteavailability and quantities, market potential, residuedisposal plans, the environmental assessment, and plansfor meeting applicable permit requirements.

6. Considers other existing and planned projects in thesame general area of the proposed project.

7. Determines whether or not the city or County in whichthe site is located, has made a finding (ofconsistency) that the establishment or expansion of thesite is consistent with that city or County'sapplicable general plan (California AdministrativeCode, Section 66784.1).

Upon review of the proposed project, the SWMC will make oneof the following findings: (1) Issue a Finding ofConformance; (2) Issue a Conditional Finding of Conformance;or (3) Deny Application.

o Issue a Finding of Conformance:After a proposed project has met all the requirementsand has obtained all the necessary permits, a Findingof Conformance will be issued by the SWMC.

o Conditional Finding of Conformance:Before a Finding of Conformance is issued, the localjurisdiction (city or County) may require a land useapproval for solid waste facilities. This land useapproval may take the form of either a zoning variance,a conditional use permit, rezoning or permissivezoning. A project proponent may apply to the SWMC fora Finding of Conformance before, concurrent, or after aland use approval is issued by the affected localjurisdiction. If a land use approval has not beensecured by an applicant, the SWMC may either deny theapplication or issue a Conditional Finding ofConformance subject to the project receiving such anapproval from the local jurisdiction and any otherconditions the SWMC may place on the project proponent.A Conditional Finding of Conformance may be issued inanticipation of compliance with consistency findings.

o Denial:A denial of an application for a Finding of Conformanceby the SWMC will include a full description of thereasons for denial. The basis of denial shallgenerally be a perceived conFliet of the applicant'sproposal with the policies, goals, and objectives ofthe plan. A denial of an application does not precludereapplication.

A Finding of Conformance by the SWMC is not final until it hasbeen reviewed and acted upon by the CWMB. The CWMB concurs, doesnot concur, or takes on action on the SWMC's Finding ofConformance. To act on the SWMC finding, the CWMB requires: (1)notice from the local jurisdiction that the proposal is

B-22

acceptable; (2) evidence that a land use approval has beenissued; and (3) receipt of a certified environmental document.In some cases, the CWMB may take no action if: (1) in theboard's opinion an earlier concurrence on the facility is stillapplicable; or (2) the CWMB considers the project to be exemptfrom a Finding of Conformance. The Finding of ConFormance isconsidered effective upon CWMB approval.

V. SOLID WASTE FACILITY PERMIT


In 1972, the state of California enacted into law theNejedly-Z'berg-Dills Solid Waste Management and Resource RecoveryAct (Senate Bill 5) which created the California Waste ManagementBoard (CWMB). The CWMB was established specifically to regulatesolid waste facilities receiving non-hazardous waste in order tocontrol the pollution of the air, land and water caused by thosefacilities. The Act also required that each county, incooperation with affected local jurisdictions, prepare acomprehensive, coordinated solid waste management plan forsubmittal to the CWMB for review and approval.

To further improve waste management practices in California, theZ'berg-Kapiloff Solid Waste Control Act of 1976 (Assembly Bill2439) was enacted to require a permit and a permit enforcementprogram for solid waste management facilities. The Actestablishes local enforcement authority to enforce the provisionsand regulations within the Aet and the State Minimum StandardsFor Solid Waste Handling and Disposal. Local enforcementagencies (LEA's) were designated by local governments andapproved by the CWMB to carry out these enforcement activities.The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services (DOHS) isthe designated local enforcement agency for the unincorporatedarea of the County and For the majority of the incorporatedcities.

To obtain a Solid Waste Facility Permit, a permit applicationmust be filed with the LEA/CWMB, along with the appropriatetechnical report detailing site-specific information for theproposed facility. This information is reviewed and analyzed todetermine compliance with the State Minimum Standards Far SolidWaste Handling and Disposal, as well as to determine conditionsto be placed on the permit to conform with these standards. Allother pertinent permits must be obtained and its status includedin the application for consideration. Other permit proceduresinclude review, and issuance or denial of the permit by the LEAor the CWMB, and the opportunity £or the applicant to appealbefore a hearing panel if the permit is denied.


The application for a Solid Waste Facility Permit consists of twoparts: a general application form and a more detailed *echnicalreport to be used to evaluate the design and operation of the

B-23

proposed facility and for basing the conditions of the permit.The application form entitled "Application for FacilityPermit/Waste Discharge" can be obtained from the LEA or the CWMB.The appropriate technical report, consisting of either a "Reportof Disposal Site Information", a "Report of Station Information",or a "Plan of Operation", must accompany the permit application.The selection of the appropriate technical report is dependantupon the type and size of the facility for which a Solid WasteFacility Permit is being applied for.

A Report of Disposal Site Information must be submitted if thepermit application is for a land disposal facility. The reportmust contain certain specified information, including:

o A description of the manner of operation to be conducted atthe site and information on the types and relativequantities of waste to be received;

o Indication of the approximate total acreage contained in thesite, including the total estimated capacity and lifeexpectancy of the site;

o A map showing the general location of the proposed disposalsite, including points of access to the site;

o A plot plan which delineates the legal boundaries for whichclear title is held by the applicant, and identification ofthe specific limits of the planned disposal area s) showingrelationships to the property boundary lines and adjacentland uses surrounding the site;

o A description of the sequence of development stages of thedisposal site operation, giving tentative implementationschedules for development, usage, site completion andclosure, as well as a map showing the existing topographicalcontours of the completed disposal site;

o Information on the underlying soils, geology, andgroundwater occurrence, based on test borings conducted onthe property; and description of all surface and subsurfacedrains which are to be used control water on, or adjacent tothe disposal site; and

o Description of the location and type of monitoring wellsnecessary to ascertain groundwater quality and descriptionof the landfill gas control system to be implemented.

If a permit application is for a transfer station orwaste-to-energy facility handling greater than 100 cubic yardsper day, a Report of Station Information must be submitted. Thereport must contain certain specified information, including:

o Plans and specifications for the station, including a sitelocation map, a site plan, and identification of adjacentland uses and distances to nearby residences and structures;

o An engineering report, describing the waste transferprocess; air, water, and soil pollution control devices; andestimated quantities and types of solid wastes to beprocessed;

o A description of the operations to be conducted at thestation, and an estimate of the design capacity andanticipated daily capacity; and

B-24

o Anticipated amount and planned method for final disposal ofunrecoverable or nonmarketable residues or ashes, andvolumes of quench or process water required, as well asplanned method of treatment and disposal of any waste water.

A Plan of Operation must be submitted if a permit application isfor a transfer station or waste-to-energy facility handling lessthan 100 cubic yards per day. The report must contain specifiedinformation, including:

o Description of type and nature of wastes received and notestimated quantities of waste anticipated to be received perday;

o Schematic drawing of on-site traffic problems, buildings,and other structures, and description of traffic volumes andtypes;

o Procedures for handling special wastes, e.g., infectiouswastes, dead animals, etc.; and

o Location and name of final disposal site

For all applications, the applicant must also submit a resume ofthe management organization which will operate the facility. Inaddition, the applicant must provide a compilation of theconditions, criteria, and requirements established by the variousapproval agencies having jurisdiction over the facility.


The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services is thedesignated LEA for the unincorporated areas of the County and thedesignated LEA or co-LEA for the majority of the cities in theCounty. As with the County LEA, those cities that chose sole orco-enforcement authority are required to submit an LEA ProgramPlan to the CWMB for approval. The LEA program plans for theCounty and the independent cities are very similar.

The permit process begins with the filing of a permit applicationfrom a prospective facility proponent with the LEA. The LEAreviews and analyzes the information provided, along with otherrequired information, including: land use permit; waste dischargerequirements; air quality permit; various plans; and a Finding ofConformance with the Los Angeles County Solid Waste ManagementPlan, The application then follows the administrative processillustrated on Figure B-1. Physical construction of a newfacility cannot be initiated until a permit has been issued.

The LEA reviews the permit application for compliance with theState Minimum Standards For Solid Waste Handling and Disposal.If the application is determined to be incomplete, the LEA shallnotify the applicant within five (5) business days of itsreceipt.

If the permit application is deemed complete, the applicationwill be filed, and within a 75-day period, a proposed permit willbe prepared. The proposed permit will contain the conditions theenforcement agency proposes to include in the permit and proposed

B-25

Findings to satisfy the State standards. A copy of the proposedpermit is submitted to the applicant, along with a form requestfor a hearing, from which the applicant may use to obtain ahearing before the Hearing Panel to challenge any term orcondition of the permit. The LEA maintains a current list of allpending applications £or public notice and comment,

The LEA also submits a copy of the proposed permit to the CWMBfor concurrence. Within a UO day period, the CWMB will considereach proposed permit at a public meeting, at which time anyperson may also testify or offer comments. Written comments maybe submitted to the CWMB and will become part of the CWMB recordof action, The CWMB can either concur with ar deny the proposedpermit.

Following concurrence by the CWMB, the LEA will issue a permitwithin five (5) business days. The permit will specify theperson authorized to operate the facility and the boundaries ofthe facility. The permit will also include such conditions thatare necessary to specify a design and operation that will controlany adverse environmental effects o£ the facility.

If the permit is denied, the applicant can file an appeal withthe LEA which then submits the appeal to a Hearing Panel. Aftera hearing, the decision of the Hearing Panel is the basis for anaction by the LEA.

The LEA/CWMB conducts a review a solid waste facility permitevery five years or sooner. The owner or operator of a solidwaste facility must submit a report, prepared by a registeredcivil engineer, to the LEA/CWMB reviewing the site design,implementation and operation plan to determine if any revisionsare necessary. The LEA/CWMB will submit a revised solid wasteFacility permit based on the Findings of the report.

B-26

TABLE dSOLD HASTE CAPACITY

HAJOR CLASS III LAN~FILI FACILITIES IN LOS ANGELES CWNTY

Current Tonnages Capability to Handle Projected Re~natning pro osed landfill Ex anstonsHandled TPD Additional Quantitfes Permitted Ca acittes apa[tty

Solid Inert Capacity Years ofFacfltty Name/ Operation Nith Exlstfng Equipment (m1111on Permits RequiredOperator Wzste Vlaste Total DayslHeek and Staff (TPD) (m1111on tons) Operation tons) ti~3 SNF? LUP FOC Comments

Antelope Valley/ 700 - 700 6 200 1.09 5 No x X X X .Proposed 51te Expansion approximatelyPalmdale Disp. Co. Estimate 100 acres. Existing site Sn the Ctty

of Palmdale. Proposed site in theCounty of Los Angeles.

Azusa Hestern/ 2,000 1,000 3,000 5 No Estimate 1.3 2,5 25.6 X X X .Proposed capacity contingent uponSzusa Land (City of completion of quarry mining operationsReclamation Co. Azusa) located in Ctttes of Azusa and

3.2 X X X X Irwindale.(City of .Facility in process of obtaining nec-Irxindale) essary permits for site expansion of a

5.3 m1111on ton area in .the Ctty ofAzusa.

BKK/ 3,000 - 3,000 5 2,OD0-3,000 0.8 Closure June 12 X X X .Operation at the new canyon {proposedEKK Corp. (see comrents) 30, 1987 (see expansion) is proposed to start on

comments) July 1, 1981, with Gaily Capacity of5,000 TPA to 6,000 TPD.

.Landf111 operation to ceaseNovember 1995 per Munorandum ofUnderstanding with City of Nest Covina.

6radley kest/Haste kar,age^~ent

1,500(see

- 1,500comments)

5 5,500(see canrents)

19.6 50(see comments)

0.4 ~c ,Remaining years of operation 4ased on1,500 TPD. However; daily tonnage will

of California Inc. be increased shortly to 7,000 TPD sub-~ect to clearance fran the Los AngelesRegional Water Quality Control Board.This would reduce remaining years ofoperation to 10.8 years.

.LUP expires December 29, 1993.

BurGank/ 240 - 240 5 Not Permitted by LUP 0.19 3 6.32 X X .Limited to solid waste generated inCity of Burbank the Cfty and collected by the~

C1ty's crews..LUP expires on January 1, 2001.

TABLE IVSOLID WASTE CAPACITY

UNCLASSIFIED (INERT) LANDFILL FACILITIES IN LOS ANGELES COUNTY

FACILITY FACILITY DAILY OPERATION REMAINING PERMITTED CAPACITYNAME OPERATOR TONNAGES DAYS/WEEK CAPACITY YEARS OF

HANDLED [Million Tons) OPERATION

Chandler's Chandler's Sand & 2,225 5 6.69 11.7Landfill Gravel

Irwindale Cal-Mat Co. 150 5 0.029 0.7Disposal Site (1)

Livingston - Livingston - Graham 200 5 0.21 4Graham

Nu-way Nu-Way Industries 4,490 6 8.40 6Industries

Pendleton Los Angeles Department of 1 5 0.0078 26Disposal Site (2) Water and Power

San Marino City of San Marino 1 5 0.0078 30Disposal Site (3)

South Gate City of South Gate 3 5 0.0050 7.8Fill (4)

Stone Canyon Los Angeles Department 200 5 0.16 3Reservoir (2) of Water and Power

Valley Cal - Mat Co. 3,000 5 69 80Reclamation Co.

West Valley Base West Valley Base Material 550 5 6.9 48Materials

TOTAL 10,820 91.41

(1) Private disposal only.(2) Limited to waste collected by City of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power.(3) Limited to waste collected by the City o£ San Marino crews (per Carlos Alvarado, City Engineer).(4) Limited to waste collected by the City of South Gate crews.

Note: Data shown in this table is based on the results o£ a survey conducted bythe Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, March 1987.

TABLE VSTATUS UPDATE

MAJOR TRANSFER STATIONS IN LOS ANGELES COUNTY

FACILITY NAMEAND ADDRESS

Action

QUANTITYHANDLED(TPD)

1,000

PERMITTEDCAPACITY(TPD)

1,100

ULTIMATE DISPOSALLOCATION

COMMENTS

~

Chiquita Canyon and1449 West Rosecrans Sunshine CanyonGardena Landfills

Bel-Air 112 225 Lopez Canyon Operated by theMaintenance Yard Landfill City of Los Angeles.11165 Missouri Ave. Limited to wasteLos Angeles generated within the

City and collectedby City personnel,

Bel-Art Transfer 400 1,000 Puente Hills andStation BKK Landfills2495 E. 68th StreetLong Beach

Beverly Hills 150 250 Calabasas and Operated by the CityTransfer Station Sunshine Canyon of Beverly Hills.9557 W. Third Street Landfills Limited to wasteBeverly Hills generated within the

City and collected byCity personnel.

Culver City 300 300 Sunshine Canyon Operated by CulverTransfer Station and Puente Hills City. Limited to8255 W Jefferson Landfills waste generated with-Culver City in the City and col-

lected by Citypersonnel.

De Garmo Street Dump 715 1,200 Chiquita Canyon and917 De Garmo Avenue ~ Sunshine CanyonSun Valley ~ Landfills


MAJOR TRANSFER STATIONS IN LOS ANGELES COUNTYPAGE 2


QUANTITYHANDLED

PERMITTEDCAPACITY


COMMENTS

Falcon Refuse Center 1,000 1,850 BKK Landfill Facility is applying2031 East "I" Street for increase inWilmington permitted daily ton-

nage from x,850 TPDto 3,500 TPD.

Hollywood S*reet 112 225 Scholl Canyon and Operated by theMaintenance Yard Lopez Canyon City of Los Angeles66U0 Romaine Street Landfills Limited to wasteLos Angeles generated within the

City and collectedby City personnel.

Santa Monica 280 200 Sunshine Canyon Operated by theTransfer Station Landfill City of Santa Moniea.~,2401 Delaware Limited to wasteSanta Monica generated within

the City andcollected by Citypersonnel. Facilityis applying forincrease in permitteddaily tonnage.

Solid Waste 700 750 Sunshine Canyon Previously namedTransporters Landfill "Advance Recycling2509 West Rosecrans and TransferCompton Station.'" Currently

under operation byBrowning-FerrisIndustries (BFI).


MAJOR TRANSFER STATIONS IN LOS ANGELES COUNTYPAGE 3


QUANTITYHANDLED(TPD)

PERMITTED ~CAPACITY(TPD)


COMMENTS

South Gate 380 550 Puente Hills Operated by theTransfer Station Landfill County Sanitation9530 S. Garfield District of LosSouth Gate Angeles County.

Van Nuys 130 750 Lopez Canyon Operated by theMaintenance Yard Landfill City of Los Angeles.15145 Oxnard Street Limited to waste ~en-Van Nuys crated within the

City and collected byCity personnel.

Western Refuse 1,800 1,300 BKK~ Chiquita Cyn. In process ofIndustries and Puente Hills obtaining necessary321 W. Francisco Landfills permits for tonnageCarson increase to 2,800

TPD.

Total 7,079 9,700

Note: 1. Data shown on this table is based on the resultsAngeles County Department of Public Works, March

2. Mayor transfer stations are defined as those whimunicipal solid waste per day.

3. Data shown £or the transfer stations operated byon the Finding of Conformance s) issued in April

4. TPD - Tons per day.

of a survey conducted by the Los1987.

ch handle more than 100 tons of

the City of Los Angeles is based1985.

TABLE VISTATUS UPDATE

WASTE-TO-ENERGY FACILITIES IN LOS ANGELES COUNTY

~ FACILITY ~ PROPONENT I STATUS

Azusa Enercan, Inc. City Council of the City of Azusa has refusedto grant a land use permit £or the project.Therefore, the project is on hold at thistime.(proposed capacity 2,000 TPD)

Commerce CSD Facility currently operating under theconstruction mode. It is anticipated thatthe facility will be fully operational byJuly 1,1987, subject to issuance of a Permitto Operate by the SCAQMD. ~(capacity 300 TPD) ~

Compton Compton Energy City Council of the City of Compton hasSystems refused to grant a land use permit £or the i

project. Therefore the project is on hold at ;~ this time.

(proposed capacity 2,000 TPD)

Downey City of Downey No work has started and none is planned atthis time.(proposed capacity = undetermined) i

f Gardena City of Gardena No work has started and none is planned at~ this time.

(proposed capacity undetermined)

Irwindale' Pacific Waste The proponent withdrew its application for theManagement project on April 23, 1987, resulting in the

California Energy Commission (CEC) terminatingfurther proceeding for the project. Should theproponent continue the permitting process forthe project, a new application must besubmitted to the CEC.(proposed capacity 3,000 TPD)

Industry City of Industry No work has started•and none is planned atthis time.(proposed capacity undetermined)

LANCER I City of Proponent has prepared the draft EIR and a~ Los Angeles Health Risk Ass?ssment Study which is

currently under review by the regulatoryagencies. Permits to be obtained: SWFP,FOC, and SCAQMD °ermits to Construct andPermit to Operate.(proposed capacity 1,600 TPD)

Puente CSD Project in the environmental review process.Hills (proposed capacity size and number of

facilities to be decided,see Note 4t2 )

WASTE-TO-ENERGY

TABLE VISTATUS UPDATE

FACILITIES IN LOSPage 2

ANGELES COUNTY

FACILITY PROPONENT STATUS

SERRF City of Under construction. It is anticipated thatLong Beach/ the facility will be operational byCSD July 1988, subject to issuance of a Permit to

Operate by the SCAQMD.(proposed capacity 900 T?D)

Southgate CSD Final EIR has been approved by the City ofSouth Gate. Project has yet to obtain aenergy contract. CSD currently reviewingfeasibility of project. Permits to beobtained: LUP, SWFP, FOC, and SCAQMD Permitto Construct and Permit to Operate.(proposed capacity 375 TPD)

Spadra CSD Facility has acquired a LUP, SWFP, and FOC.A Health Risk Assessment Study has beenprepared and currently under review by theSCAQMD.(proposed capacity 1,000 TPD) j

~ Watson I Watson Energy Facility has acquired a LUP, SWFP, and FOC, jSystems, I:,c. as well as an energy contract with Southern

California Edison. However, proponent iscurrently negotiating with General Electricfor sale of proposed facility.

~ (proposed capacity 2,000 TPD) ~

EIR = Environmental Impact ReportLUP = County or City Land Use Permit/Conditional Use PermitSWFP = California Waste Management Board/Local Enforcement Agency's

Solid Waste Facility PermitFOC - Los Angeles County Solid Waste Management Committee's

Finding of ConformanceCSD = County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles CountySCAQMD - South Coast Air Quality Management DistrictTPD - Tons per day

Note: 1. Data shown on this table is based on the results of a surveyconducted by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Works,April 1987.

2. CSD currently has filed with SCAQMD for two facilities each witha electrical energy output of X7.5 Megawatts. Hacienda HeightsImprovement Association has filed a claim with the CaliforniaEnergy Commission that the two facilities should be consideredas one with an energy output of 95 Megawatts, and therefore beunder tie jurisdiction of the Commission. A decision by theCommission is expected by July 1987. CSD has yet to obtain aenergy contract.

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