L ATIN A MERICA : G OVERNMENT. D ISTRIBUTION OF P OWER.
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Transcript of L ATIN A MERICA : G OVERNMENT. D ISTRIBUTION OF P OWER.
LATIN AMERICA: GOVERNMENT
DISTRIBUTION OF POWER
TO STUDY GOVERNMENTS, GEOGRAPHERS LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING:
Types – Who rules and who participates.
Systems – How the power is distributed.
SYSTEMS OF GOVERNMENT ARE BASED ON ONE QUESTION: HOW IS THE POWER DISTRIBUTED?
There are three ways governments distribute power: Unitary Confederation Federal
UNITARY
Power is held by a single, central authority – a centralized government
Power may be distributed to local governments by the central government, but this power can also be altered or taken away completely
The central government has supreme power and controls everything.
Power is not shared between states, counties, or provinces.
United Kingdom, France, Portugal, Chile, Cuba, and Spain are examples of a unitary form of government.
UNITARY DIAGRAM:
Central Authori
ty
Unitary
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
CONFEDERATION
A voluntary organization or association of independent states
A confederation forms to secure some common purpose, such as economic development or security
A confederate government possesses little authority to act on its own
The central government has limited power and can only handle matters that the members have assigned (delegated) it
Examples of Confederations are: United States of America under the
Articles of Confederation (1781–1788) Confederation of the Equator (1824, located in Northeast
Brazil) Peru-Bolivian Confederation (1836–1839) Confederation of Central America (1842–1844, El
Salvador+Guatemala+Honduras+Nicaragua) Argentine Confederation (1832–1860) (Even though the
Argentine Republic can also be called Argentine Confederation nowadays)
Confederate States of America (1861–1865)
CONFEDERATION DIAGRAM:
Central Authori
ty
Confederation
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
FEDERAL
Power is divided between one central authority and several regional authorities
Both act on their own set of laws
United States of America, Mexico, Brazil, and Venezuela are examples of federal governments
FEDERAL SYSTEM DIAGRAM:
Federation / Federal
Regional Authority
Central Authorit
y
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
WHO HAS THE POWER?
Homework: Create a Who has
the power poem? First choose a
government. Next, write down
three clues about your government
Then, write the sentence “Who has the power?”
Finally, answer the question.
Example: Voluntary
organization Members have a
common purpose Central government
has little authority Who has the power? Confederation