1

KziÕAvb I mybœvn&q my` wbwl×KiY

Bgivb bhi †nv‡mb

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KziÕAvb I mybœvn&q my` wbwl×KiY

Bgivb bhi †nv‡mb

gvKmy`v †eMg I dviRvbv Bkivr Abyw`Z

cÖKvkKvj t wRjnv¾v, 1427 wnRix

Rvbyqvix, 2007 Lªx÷vã

cyY:gy ªY kvIqsvj 1430 wnRix

A‡±vei, 2009 Lªx÷vã

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†UK‡bvMÖvwdK&m

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gvng~` eªv`vm© 8/11 (K) m¨vi ˆmq` †ivW, gynv¤§v`cyi

g~j¨ t yBkZ UvKv gvÎ

`k BD Gm Wjvi

Qur’an O Sunnah’ai Sud Nishiddhokoron Imran N Hosein

Translated from English by Maksuda Begum and Farzana Ishrat

Price : Tk. 200.00 ; US Dollar : 10.00

3

m~PxcÎ

4 MÖš’Kv‡ii Bs‡iRx gyLeÜ

6 †Kb GB Abyev`

15 cÖ_g Aa¨vq

32 wØZxq Aa¨vq t wievi (my‡`i) msÁv

48 Z…Zxq Aa¨vq t KziÕAv‡b wiev wbwl×KiY

93 PZz_© Aa¨vq t nv`x‡m wiev ev my` wbwl×KiY

131 cÂg Aa¨vq t wiev (my`) msµvš— †gŠwjK Av‡jvPbv

158 lô Aa¨vq t wiev Ges `vi“j nvie (msNv‡Zi mvgªvR¨)

162 mßg Aa¨vq t wiev Ges AZ¨vek¨Kxq cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi AvBb weavb

167 Dcmsnvi

174 ciwkó t wiev wel‡q cÖ‡kœvËi

180 Glossary -cwifvlv cwiwPwZ

4

MÖš’Kv‡ii Bs‡iwR gyLeÜ

The Prohibition of Riba in the Qur’an and Sunnah (KyiÕAvb I mybœvn&q wiev wbwl×KiY) eBwU Avgvi cig kª‡×q ¸i“ gIjvbv W±i gynv¤§` dRjyi ingvb Avbmvix (1914-1974) ingZyj(vn AvjvBwni m¤§v‡b Avbmvix ¯§iwYKv wmwi‡Ri wØZxq cÖKvkbv| cÖ_‡g GwU wQj Bmjv‡g wiev wbwl×Ki‡Yi ¸i“Z¡ bv‡gi GKwU cyw¯—Kv| wievi1 aŸsmvZ¥K †Qve‡j Avµvš— msKUgq cwiw ’wZi wei“‡× jovB‡qi Ask wn‡m‡e c~‡e©i cyw¯—KvwU cÖKvwkZ nq| cyw¯—KvwU gvwK©b hy³ivóª, wm½vcyi Ges gvjqwkqvq cÖvq 60,000 Kwc Qvwc‡q webv g~‡j¨ weZiY Kiv n‡qwQj| wievi AZ¨vPvi I AvMÖvmb Ges Zvi cÖwZKv‡i wPš—v M‡elYv I e¨vcK Aa¨q‡bi d‡j Avgiv AeMZ n‡qwQ †h AwaKvsk gymwj‡gi wiev welqK Ávb I wPš—v-†PZbv LyeB AcÖZyj| wievi cy‡iv welqwU‡K †KŠk‡j c`©vi Aš—iv‡j †X‡K ivLv n‡q‡Q| †m Kvi‡Y A_© e¨e ’vq wiev welqK mwVK Z_¨ Rvbv Ges †evSvi e¨cviwU eû‡jv‡Ki „wó mxgvbvi evB‡i i‡q‡Q| ev` evwK gvbyl wievi nvivg nIqvi welqwU Rvb‡Z bvivR| wiev (my`) hv‡`i i“wR †ivRMv‡ii gva¨g, Zv‡`i aviYv G wel‡q Rvb‡Z †M‡jB wec`|2 G‡Zv †mB msKUgq mgq, †h mg‡qi e¨vcv‡i Avbvm ivw`qvj(vû ÔAvbû, imyjyj(vn mvj(vj(vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj(vg‡K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb: wKqvg‡Zi Avjvg‡Zi GKwU n‡jv, Bjg D‡V hv‡e, AÁZvi cÖmvi NU‡e ─ mnxn& eyLvix| gymwjg RvwZ Z_v mgMÖ we‡k¦i gvbyl‡K wievi fqven Awfkvc Ges Av_©mvgvwRK †kvlY I wbcxob †_‡K D×v‡ii Rb¨ wiev eR©‡b e¨vcK MYm‡PZbZvi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q| we‡k¦i cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi N‡i Ggb me eB Ri“ix wfwˇZ †cŠu‡Q w`‡Z n‡e †h me eB‡q AZ¨š— cwi®‹vi, mnR I mvejxj eY©bvq wievi fqvenZvi welqwU Dc ’vwcZ n‡q‡Q| eB iPbv I cÖKvkbvi g‡a¨B Avgv‡`i `vwqZ¡ mxgve× ivL‡j Pj‡e bv eis Aek¨B Zv wewj‡q w`‡Z n‡e cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi †`vi‡Mvovq3| we‡k¦i gymwj‡gi gv‡S wiev ev my‡`i wel‡q fqvbK AÁZv `~i Kivi j‡¶B GB MÖš’ iPbvi ¶y ª cÖqvm| GB cÖ‡Póv †Kvb Kvi‡Y e¨_© n‡j Zv n‡e Avgv‡`iB A¶gZv| m¤§vwbZ Avjxg Ges cvVK‡`i civgk©, mnvqZv, mgv‡jvPbv MÖš’wU‡K

1 wiev GKwU Aviex kã hv evsjv fvlvq my` bv‡g cwiwPZ| 2. [KviY, Rvb‡jB gvbvi cvjv P‡j Av‡m| Zv‡`i aviYvq Ôbv-RvbvÕ ev›`vi ¸bvn& †bB| A_P Bmjv‡g AÁZvi ARynvZ †`Lv‡bvi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| †Kbbv imyj (m)-Gi cÖwZ KyiAv‡bi cÖ_g †h AvqvZ bvwhj nq Zvi cÖ_g kãwUB n‡jv BK¡iv A_©vr ÁvbvR©b Ki| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi GB ûKyg Agvb¨ Kivi †Kvb AeKvk _vK‡Z cv‡i wK? ZvQvov imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: G‡jg AR©b (Zvjvk Kiv) cÖwZwU gymwjg bi-bvixi Dci dih (Be&‡b gvRvn&)| eZ©gv‡b wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’v I e¨vswKs †jb‡`‡b e ‘ev`x †fvMev`x gvbyl¸wj ¸bvn& I aŸs‡mi AZj MnŸ‡i Wy‡e Av‡Q|] Zviv g‡b K‡i mZZvi mv‡_ e¨emv Kiv ev wiev eR©b K‡i eZ©gv‡bi e¨qeûj RxebhvÎv Pvwj‡q †bqv Am¤¢e e¨vcvi| ZvB wiev ewR©Z A_©bxwZ‡Z AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡j eZ©gv‡bi Avivg I †fvM wejvmc~Y© Rxeb‡K we`vq Rvbv‡Z n‡e| G ai‡bi D`vmxbZv I AÁZvi my‡hv‡M wievi fqvenZv we‡k¦i cÖwZwU gvbyl‡K wN‡i †d‡j‡Q, GB K_v A¯^xKvi Kivi †Kvb Dcvq †bB|

5

mg„× Ki‡e e‡j Avgiv cÖZ¨vkv Kwi| Avi Avgv‡`i GB ¶y ª cÖ‡Póv mdj n‡j ej‡Z n‡e, Avjnvg ywjj(vn&, KviY †m mdjZvq Avgv‡`i †Kvb K…wZZ¡ †bB| Zv GKvš—B Avj(vn myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjvi Amxg `qv| wievi gZ RwUj GKwU welq Dc ’vc‡b Avgiv MÖš’Kv‡ii fvev‡eM I AwfgZ‡K mxgve× †i‡L hZUv m¤¢e KyiÕAvb-mybœvni DׄwZ cvVK‡`i mvg‡b Zy‡j aivi †Póv K‡iwQ| GKB mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi g~j welqe ‘‡K myweb¨¯—fv‡e mvRv‡bvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi h_vh_ †Póv K‡iwQ| eûgyLx cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Kvi‡Y KyiÕAvb mybœvn&i †Kvb †Kvb DׄwZ cybive„wË n‡q‡Q| imyjyj(vn mj(vj(vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj(vg Gi bv‡gi †k‡l (m), mvnvev ivw`qvj(vû Avbû‡`i bv‡gi †k‡l (iv) Ges Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Ab¨vb¨ wcÖq ev›`v‡`i bv‡gi †k‡l ingvZyj(vn AvjvBwn‡K ms‡¶‡c (in) †jLv n‡q‡Q| Aviex fvlvi mnxn& (ï×) D”PviY Ab¨ †Kvb fvlvq m¤¢e nqbv| ZvB cvVKM‡Yi Kv‡Q GB mKj yÕAv¸wj mnxn& D”Pvi‡Y cvV Kivi Aby‡iva iBj| kvqZv‡bi D”Pvwfjvl Abyhvqx, gymwjg wek¦ †_‡K KyiÕAvb-mybœvn&i AvBb weavb we`ywiZ n‡q‡Q| ZvB eûwea †Mvgivnxi mv‡_ mv‡_ wiev ev my‡`i welqwUi cÖPvi Ges cÖmvi N‡U‡Q gvivZ¥K QjPvZyix I cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g| kvqZv‡bi GKvš— B”Qv n‡jv cÖ_‡gB wewfbœ Qjbvq Cgvb bvgK Ag~j¨ m¤ú` Z_v Avj(vni wbÕAvgvZ‡K gymwj‡gi Aš—i †_‡K gy‡Q †djv| AZci gymwjg we‡k¦i cÖavb GKwU Ask‡K cÖZvwiZ Kiv Ges `vwi‡`ªi mgy‡`ª wbgw¾Z K‡i Kydixi w`‡K †V‡j †`qv| wievi gZ GKwU wekvj I RwUj welq gvÎ GKwU eB Aa¨qb Kivi d‡j gymwj‡gi a¨vb-aviYv AvPvi AvPiY ivZvivwZ cv‡ë hv‡e GB Avkv Kiv KZUv hyw³hy³ Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv fvj Rv‡bb| Avgiv Avkv KiwQ, m¤§vwbZ cvVK gnj GB eB‡qi e³e¨ KyiÕAvb mybœvn&i mv‡_ wgwj‡q wb‡q mwVK ÁvbvR©‡bi gva¨‡g wiev bvgK fqsKi wdrbvi wei“‡× Aweivg msMÖvg K‡i kvqZvbx AvBb-weavb I ¶gZv‡K cÖwZnZ Kivi cÖqvm cv‡eb, BbkvAvj(vn&| Bgivb bhi †nv‡mb js AvBj¨vÛ, wbDBqK© kvIqvj 1417, †deª“qvix 1997

3. KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡gi ci imyj (m)-Gi mybœvn& ev nvw`m †h ÁvbvR©‡bi g~j Drm, Av‡Rv GUv AwaKvsk gymwjg Rv‡bb bv| KyiÕAvb-mybœvn&‡K AvuK‡o aivi cwie‡Z© Zv‡K ~‡i †V‡j †`qvi Kvi‡Y gymwjg D¤§vn AvR wki&K, Kydi I we`ÕAvZx †iIqv‡Ri †eovRv‡j Ave× n‡q c‡o‡Q|

6

†Kb GB Abyev`

1989 mv‡ji wW‡m¤‡ii GK mKv‡j †`L‡Z †cjvg KÕRb cywjk Avgv‡`i evoxIqvjv weaev gwnjvi N‡ii dvwb©Pvi †_‡K ïi“ K‡i mKj gvjcÎ evB‡i Qyu‡o †dj‡Qb| Avi Aci KÕRb cywjk †mB gvjcθwj Mvox‡Z Zy‡j wb‡”Qb| wZ‡j wZ‡j M‡o †Zvjv mvRv‡bv msmv‡ii KZ mv‡ai gvj-mvgv‡bi GB fqvbK cwiYwZ †`‡L weaev Avi w ’i _vK‡Z cvi‡jb bv| G‡K G‡K cÖwZwU cywj‡ki Kv‡Q KvbœvKvwU K‡i Aby‡iva Ki‡Z _vKvi GK ch©v‡q wZwb GK cywjk Awdmv‡ii cv Rwo‡q ai‡jb gvj-mvgvb wdwi‡q †`qvi R‡b¨| cv Qvov‡bvi Rb¨ cywjk Awdmvi m‡Rv‡i av°v †g‡i ~‡i †V‡j w`‡jb weaev‡K| GB wbh©vZ‡bi wei“‡× Avwg Zxeª cªwZev` Kijvg| cywjkiv Rev‡e ej‡jb: Òebvbxi gZ GjvKvq `k KvVv Rwgi Dci e¨vsK FY wb‡q ¯vgxi evbv‡bv QqZjv evoxi fvov †L‡q P‡j‡Qb| A_P GB gwnjv my‡`i wKw¯— cwi‡kva Ki‡Qb bv|Ó Lvjv¤§v Avgv‡K ej‡jb: ÒGZ eQi a‡i F‡Yi wKw¯— w`‡qB P‡jwQ wKš‘ FY‡Zv Avi †kl nq bv gv| weivU GK Sv‡gjvi Kvi‡Y K‡qKwU wKw¯— evKx c‡o‡Q ZvB Giv gvj †µvK K‡i wb‡q hv‡”Q|Ó wZwb Av‡iv ej‡jb: ÒweivbeŸB nvRvi UvKvi e¨e ’v Avwg GLb †Kv_v †_‡K Ki‡ev gv?Ó AZci my`x F‡Yi `v‡q Avw_©K `yie ’vq cwZZ weaev‡K weivbeŸB nvRvi UvKvi e¨e ’v K‡i Avj(vn& myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjv gvj‡µv‡Ki nqivwb †_‡K D×vi Ki‡jb| nvivg-nvjv‡ji AvBb weavb jsNb RwbZ Kvi‡Y weK…Z I wech© — †h my`x A_© e¨e ’v †MvUv `ywbqv‡K MÖvm K‡i‡Q, GB NUbv ZviB LÛwPÎ gvÎ| Bûw` Z_v cwðgv we‡k¦i cuywRev` †Mvwô Øviv cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z wiev ev my` wfwËK e¨vswKs e¨e ’v I FY`v‡bi gva¨‡g cÖZviYv, RvwjqvwZ I A_©‰bwZK †kvl‡Yi exR mviv we‡k¦ Qwo‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q| d‡j we‡k¦i gvbyl AvR `vwi`ªRwbZ `vm‡Z¡i KvivMv‡i e›`x| Avi e¨w³ †_‡K ïi“ K‡i RvZxq ch©v‡q mviv we‡k¦i gvbyl GB my`x F‡Yi †evSv enb K‡i P‡j‡Q| my`x FY QvovI †MvUv `ywbqv Ry‡o AvR Av‡iv eû ai‡bi Av_©-mvgvwRK wbcxob weivRgvb i‡q‡Q| wek¦ Ry‡o Av_©-mvgvwRK wbh©vZb I wbcxo‡bi Ab¨Zg KviY wiev ev my`| eZ©gvb `ywbqvi GKwU gvbylI wieviƒcx GB †drbv †_‡K †invB cvqwb| wiev-m„ó †drbv w`‡b w`‡b †e‡oB P‡j‡Q| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡`i‡K K‡Vvi fvlvq ûwkqvi K‡i e‡j‡Qb: †Zvgiv †mB †drbv †_‡K †eu‡P _vK, †h †drbvi Aïf cwiYvg †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv ¸bvn K‡i‡Q ïaygvÎ Zv‡`i g‡a¨B mxgve× _vK‡e bv (eis hviv GB †drbv‡K mnbxq K‡i wb‡q‡Q Zv‡`i Kv‡QI †cŠ‡Q hv‡e)| Avi †R‡b ivL Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv kvw¯—`v‡b LyeB K‡Vvi| ( m~iv Avbdvj, 8:25)|

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KyiÕAv‡bi GB Avqv‡Zi e³e¨ GZB cwi¯‹vi †h G‡K e¨vL¨v Kivi cÖ‡qvRb c‡o bv| Z‡e GKwU K_v mK‡jiB g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h ˆeÁvwbK Ávb I Kw_Z AvaywbK hyw³ I Kg©KvÛ Øviv †Kvb †drbv †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi Dcvq †bB| †h †Kvb †drbv †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ gymwjgMY‡K KyiÕAvb-mybœvn& wfwËK mywbw`©ó cwiKíbv I Kg©cš’v wb‡q mw¤§wjZfv‡e GwM‡q Avm‡Z n‡e| gymwjg‡`i eyS‡Z n‡e †h, Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv hv nvivg K‡i‡Qb †Kvb gvbyl ev †Kvb †`‡ki kvmK‡Mvwô hLb Zv‡K nvjvj ev ˆea evwb‡q †bq ZLb †mUv ïay Kyd&i bq eis wki&‡Ki ch©v‡q P‡j hvq| gymwjg‡`i Av‡iv eyS‡Z n‡e †h, Kyd&i RMZ msNe× n‡q Avj(vn&i AvBb I weavb e`‡j w`‡q mªóvwegyL ywbqv evbv‡bvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq †b‡g‡Q| gMR †avjvBK…Z, wb‡e©va I †jvfx gymwjg ivóªcÖavbMYI Kyd&i RMZ‡KB AÜfv‡e AbymiY K‡i P‡j‡Q| G wel‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Avj-KyiÕAv‡b †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb:

†n hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Qv †Zvgiv hw` Avn‡j wKZve‡`i (Bûw`, bvmviv) ga¨ n‡Z †Kvb GKwU `‡ji K_v †g‡b P‡jv Zvn‡j Zviv †Zvgv‡`i Cgvb Avbvi ciI cybivq Kvwdi evwb‡q Qvo‡e| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:100)|

†Zvgv‡`i Øx‡b (Rxeb weav‡b) hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Zviv ev‡` Ab¨ Kv‡ivi (wbqg weavb) †Zvgiv AbymiY K‡ivbv| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:73)|

Zviv wK Avj;vn&i Øxb ev` w`‡q Ab¨ Øxb (wbqg weavb) Zvjvk K‡i †eov‡”Q? (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:83)|

A_P ïaygvÎ Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi Av‡`kB (ûKyg, weavb) †g‡b Pj‡Z (Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z) n‡e| (m~iv Avnhve, 33:37)|

Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q (Ggb) wKZve bvwhj K‡iwQ, †h wKZv‡e †Zvgv‡`i mK‡ji K_v Av‡Q| ZeyI wK †Zvgiv Ávb eyw× LvUv‡e bv| (m~iv Avw¤qv, 21:10)|

†Zvgiv wn`vqvZ (Rvbœv‡Z hvIqvi mwVK c_ †`Lv‡bvi wbqg) m¤^wjZ wKZve K‡Vvifv‡e AvuK‡o a‡iv, Zv‡Z hv Av‡Q Zv ¯§iY Ki hv‡Z K‡i †Zvgiv (¸Yvn& I bvdigvbx †_‡K) ZvKIqvi gva¨‡g †eu‡P _vK‡Z cvi| (m~iv AvÔivd 7:171, m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:103)|

†n †jvK mKj †Zvgiv hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Qv, Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv I imyj (m) Gi Aeva¨ n‡q Avgvbv‡Zi wLqvbZ K‡iv bv| †R‡b ivL gvj-m¤ú` I mš—vb-mš—wZ n‡”Q †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †drbv (hv w`‡q Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv †Zvgv‡`i cix¶v K‡i †`L‡Z Pvb, gvj-m¤ú` I mš—vbiƒcx wbÕAvgvZ †Zvgiv †Kvb Kv‡R jvMvI)| †n gyÕwgbMY, †Zvgiv hw` Avj;vn&‡K fq K‡i (Zuvi AvBb weavb †g‡b) P‡jv, Zvn‡j wZwb †Zvgv‡`i‡K cv_©K¨ wbY©qKvix (¯Zš¿ gvb gh©v`v) `vb Ki‡eb, wZwb †Zvgv‡`i‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡eb| Avi Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi `vb A‡bK eo| (m~iv Avbdvj, 8:27-29)|

8

gnv eiKZgq wZwb, wbwLj we‡k¦i me©gq ¶gZv KZ…©Z¡ hvi nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq, Avi wZwb me©kw³gvb| (Avj;vn&i ûKyg weavb Abyhvqx P‡j) †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ Avg‡ji ev Kv‡Ri w`K †_‡K †K DËg Zv cix¶v K‡i †`Lvi Rb¨ wZwb gvDZ (g„Zy ) I nvqvZ (Rxeb) m„wó K‡i‡Qb| wZwb gnvcivµgkvjx, ¶gvkxj| (m~iv gyj&K, 67:1-2)|

wbðqB Avwg gvbyl‡K (Rxeb hvc‡bi) c_ †`wL‡qwQ| Gevi nq †m Avgvi K…ZÁ ev›`v n‡q Rxeb hvcb Ki‡e bq‡Zv AK…ZÁ n‡q Kydixi c‡_ Pj‡e| (m~iv `vn&i, 76:3)|

†Zvgv‡`i i‡ei c¶ †_‡K wbwðZB †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q Aš—©`„wói Av‡jv m¤wjZ wb`k©bvejx G‡m †M‡Q| AZGe †h GB wb`k©b †`Lvi †Póv Ki‡e, †m wb‡RiB DcKvi Ki‡e Avi †h Zvi `„wókw³ Kv‡R bv jvwM‡q AÜ _vK‡e †m wb‡RiB ¶wZ Ki‡e| (m~iv AvbÔAvg, 6:104)|

Avi †h e¨w³ Zvi i‡ei mvg‡b `uvov‡bvi e¨vcv‡i fq K‡i‡Q Ges ¸Yvn I Lvivc KvR Kiv †_‡K wb‡Ri bvd&m‡K `gb Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| AZci wbðqB RvbœvZ n‡e Zvi wPiKv‡ji evm ’vb| (m~iv bvwhÔAvZ, 79:40-41)|

AZci hLb †m gnv yN©Ubv (wKqvgvZ) N‡U hv‡e| †hw`b gvbyl Zvi mKj K…ZKg© ¯§iY Ki‡e wK †Póv mvabv †m K‡i G‡m‡Q| Zv‡`i „wói mvg‡b Rvnvbœvg‡K cÖKvk Kiv n‡e| AZGe †h e¨w³ Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi (wbqg weav‡bi) mxgvjsNb K‡iwQj| Avi `ywbqvi Rxeb‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡qwQj| AZci RvnvbœvgB n‡e Zvi ’vqx wVKvbv| (m~iv bvwhÔAvZ, 79:34-39)|

Ggwbfv‡eB KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡gi cÖwZwU Avqv‡Z Dc‡`k, mZK©evYx, mymsev`, Dcgv I BwZnvm Zy‡j a‡i †MvUv we‡k¦i gvbyl‡K AKj¨vY I aŸs‡mi c_ Z¨vM K‡i Kj¨vY I mdjZvi c‡_ Pjvi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avj-KyiÕAv‡b Av‡iv i‡q‡Q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi GKgvÎ g‡bvbxZ Øxb Bmjv‡g AvZ¥mgc©bKvix gymwj‡gi Rxeb c×wZ Ges mwVK †mvRv (wmivZyj gymZvKx‡gi) c‡_ Pjvi we¯—vwiZ iƒc‡iLv| GLb gvby‡li `vwqZ¡ n‡jv Avj-KyiÕAv‡bi m~iv evKviv †_‡K ïi“ K‡i m~iv bvm ch©š— cÖwZwU m~iv I Avqv‡Zi A_© ey‡S cov, Zvi gg© Dcjwä Kiv Ges †m Abyhvqx Avgj Kivi cÖvYcY †Póv Pvwj‡q hvIqv| †Kbbv Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhve m¤ú‡K© mZK©evYx Ges Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` Rvwb‡q Avj-KyiÕAvb Kj¨vY I bvhvZ ev gyw³i w`‡K AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q‡Q| KyiÕAv‡bi GB AvnŸvb we‡ePbv K‡i cÖwZwU gvbyl‡K wm×vš— wb‡Z n‡e †m wK m„wóKZ©v I cvjbKZ©v Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi g‡bvbxZ Rxeb c×wZ †g‡b wb‡q Rvbœv‡Z hvIqvi †Póv mvabv K‡i †h‡Z _vK‡e, bv wK KyiÕAvb‡K `~‡i †V‡j w`‡q AÁZvi ARynv‡Z †¯”QvPvix I aŸsmcÖvß n‡q Rvnvbœv‡gi c_ †e‡Q wb‡e| gvbyl m„wói D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv K‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb:

9

Avi Avgvi Bev`Z Kiv Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb D‡Ï‡k¨ Avwg wR¡b I gvbyl m„wó Kwiwb| (m~iv hvwiqvZ, 51:56)|

Bev`Z ej‡Z g~jZ hv †evSvq Zv n‡jv, Cgvb G‡b KyiÕAvb I mnxn nv`x‡m ewY©Z cÖwZwU ûKyg Avn&Kvg‡K Rvbv I Zv cvjb Kiv| Avi KyiÕAvb I nv`x‡mi eY©bv Abyhvqx nvivg‡K nvivg g‡b K‡i Zv eR©b Kiv| †Kbbv nvjvj-nviv‡gi e¨vcv‡i Av‡cvl K‡i †Kvb Bev`ZB Avj(vn&i `iev‡i Keyj nq bv hZ¶Y bv ZvIev K‡i nvivg c_ †_‡K wd‡i Avmv nq| cÖK…Zc‡¶ Øxb Bmjv‡gi g~jbxwZ n‡jv mwVK wk¶vi gva¨‡g PwiÎ MVb I gb gvbwmKZvi ms‡kvab Ges Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœqb| Cgvbx †PZbvq ejxqvb n‡q AvZ¥msh‡gi gva¨‡gB gvbe cÖe„wËi hveZxq Lvivc w`‡Ki Ges ¶wZKi Rxeb avivi gy‡jvrcvUb Kiv m¤¢e| ZvB ˆbwZK I Ava¨vwZ¥K wk¶vi cvkvcvwk Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi cÖ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z n‡e| ˆbwZK I Ava¨vwZ¥K wk¶vi Afv‡e AwaKvsk gvbyl Zv‡`i †gŠwjK Pvwn`v I cÖK…Z Afve wbiƒc‡Y e¨_© n‡q‡Q| gvby‡li Ri“ix cÖ‡qvRb ev †gŠwjK Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi Rb¨ †h A_©-m¤ú` ev wih&K Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv `vb K‡i‡Qb Zv AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB e¨eüZ nq wki&K-Kyd&i I ag©wbi‡c¶Zv I Ab¨vb¨ åvš— wk¶v, ¶gZv Ges AvwacZ¨ we¯—vi I mš¿vm e¨wfPvi mn AmsL¨ †drbv d¨vmv` we¯—vi, Ak(xj bvP-Mv‡bi gZ Ac-ms¯‹…wZ, †Ljva~jvi bv‡g evovevwo Ges LvIqv `vIqv †_‡K ïi“ K‡i cvwievwiK e¨‡qi cÖwZwU ch©v‡q AcPq-Ace¨q BZ¨vw`i †cQ‡b| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †`qv wih&K kqZvbx åvš—bxwZi †cQ‡b LiP Kivi Kvi‡Y cÖK…Z Afve `~i K‡i Bbmvd I mge›U‡bi gva¨‡g mgv‡R kvwš— I m”QjZv cÖwZôv m¤¢e n‡”Q bv|

Bmjv‡gi c‡¶ Ae ’vb K‡i gymwjg cwiPq w`‡Z hviv ¯v”Q›` †eva K‡ib ZvivI A‡b‡KB cwðgv Rxeb aviv AbyKi‡Y Avivg Av‡qk I †jvf-jvjmvi †gv‡n wb‡R‡K fvwm‡q w`‡q‡Qb| Avgiv BwZnv‡mi w`‡K ZvKv‡j †`L‡Z cvB †¯ú‡bi gymwjg kvmb, Imgvwbqv wLjvdvn&, evM`v‡`i Bmjvwg wLjvdvn& Ges fvi‡Zi †gvNj mvgªv‡R¨i Aemvb I cZ‡bi g~‡j wQj †jvf-jvjmv, AatcwZZ ˆbwZK Pwi‡Îi Kvi‡Y A‰bK¨ I ybx©wZ, †fvM-wejvm I g`-Ryqv BZ¨vw` †drbv d¨vmv‡`i e¨vcK we¯—vi| KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb:

Avi (gvby‡li) R‡b¨ mvg‡b I wcQ‡b G‡Ki ci GK wdwikZvi `j wb‡qvwRZ _v‡K| Zviv Avj;vn&i Av‡`‡k Zv‡K wndvRZ K‡i| Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv KL‡bv †Kvb RvwZi Ae ’vi cwieZ©b K‡ib bv, hZ¶Y bv Zviv Zv‡`i wbR Ae¯’v cwieZ©b Kivi †Póv K‡i| Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv hLb †Kvb RvwZi R‡b¨ †Kvb wec` cvVv‡Z Pvb ZLb Zv cÖwZ‡iva Kivi †KDB _v‡K bv Ges bv _v‡K †Kvb mvnvh¨Kvix eÜy Avj;vn& Qvov| (m~iv ivÔ`, 13:11)|

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GB AvqvZ †_‡K cwi¯‹vi †evSv hvq †h, e¨w³ Rxeb †_‡K ïi“ K‡i cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I ivwóªq Rxe‡b Avj(vn& I imyjyj(vn& (m) wb‡`©wkZ Rxeb e¨e ’v †g‡b wb‡j Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zuvi wdwikZv w`‡q gvbyl‡K wndvRZ Ki‡eb| Avi †h gyL wdwi‡q †b‡e Zvi cwiYwZ Rvwb‡q KyiÕAv‡bi eY©bv ïbyb:

hLb Avj;vn& I imyj (m) †Kvb e¨vcv‡i wm×vš— †NvlYv K‡ib ZLb †Kvb gyÕwgb cyi“l wKsev gwnjvi AwaKvi †bB †h, Zviv †m e¨vcv‡i (AvBb weavb ˆZix‡Z) †Kvb iKg AwaKvi LvUv‡e| †h †KD Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges imyj (m)-Gi Av‡`k Agvb¨ Ki‡e †m wbwðZ c_åóZvq wbgw¾Z n‡e| (m~iv Avnhve, 33:36)|

Z‡e ytLRbK n‡jI mwZ¨ †h, mviv we‡k¦i gvbyl GgbwK gymwjg‡`i Rxeb avivI KyiÕAvb-nv`x‡m †ckK…Z Rxeb e¨e ’vi mv‡_ Pig mvsNwl©K| KyiÕAvb bvwh‡ji g~j D‡Ïk¨ (wn`vqvZ) m¤ú‡K© mxgvnxb AÁZv I D`vmxbZvB GB msN‡l©i g~j KviY| eZ©gvb gymwjg mgvR, wbw`©ó wKQy `yÕAv D”Pvi‡Yi gva¨‡g mIqve AR©‡bi Avkv K‡i Ges bvgvh, †ivhv, C`, Kyievbx, n¾ I wewfbœ Dcj‡¶ w`em-el© D`hvcb K‡i ïaygvÎ †jvK †`Lv‡bv AvbyôvwbKZvi gv‡S Bmjvg‡K mxgve× K‡i †d‡j‡Q| A_P Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Avj-KyiÕAv‡b eY©bv K‡i‡Qb:

†Zvgiv †h c~e© ev cwð‡g gyL NyivI cÖK…Zc‡¶ Zv‡Z †Kvb c~Y¨ †bB| eis Avmj cyY¨ n‡jv: †h Cgvb Av‡b Avj;vn&i Dci, AvwLiv‡Zi Dci, mKj wdwikZv, mKj wKZve I mKj bexM‡Yi Dci| Avi hviv AvZ¥xq ¯Rb, BqvZxg, wgmwKb I (Avj;vn&i iv¯—vq †ei nIqv) cw_K‡`i‡K `vb K‡i Zv‡`i AwZwcÖq gvj-m¤ú` †_‡K, ïaygvÎ Avj;vn&‡K mš‘ó Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨| Zviv Av‡iv `vb K‡i mvnvh¨cÖv_x©‡K Ges e›`x`kv n‡Z gy³ Kivi Rb¨| Avi Zviv bvgvh Kv‡qg K‡i, hvKvZ Av`vq K‡i, hLb Iqv`v K‡i ZLb †m Iqv`v Zviv c~Y© K‡i| Avi Zviv A_© msKU, †ivMe¨vwa Ges nK-evwZ‡ji msMÖvg I Ab¨vb¨ wec` Avc‡` meiKvix| GivB †m mKj †jvK hviv Cgv‡bi `vex‡Z mZ¨ev`x Ges cÖK…Z gyËvKx| (m~iv evKviv, 2:177)|

Av‡jvP¨ Avqv‡Z c~e© ev cwð‡g gyL †div‡bvi welqwU GKwU Dcgv gvÎ| G †_‡K cÖ_gZ hv †evSv hvq Zv n‡jv ïay wbqg i¶v I AvPvi Abyôvb cvjb cÖK…Z Bev`Z bq| eis Cgvb Avbv Ges Avj(vn& I imyj (m)-Gi AvbyM‡Z¨i gva¨‡g wbw ©ó dih KvR¸wj Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ KyiÕAvb nv`x‡mi Av‡`k wb‡la „pfv‡e †g‡b PjvB Bev`Z| Øxb Bmjvg n‡jv KyiÕAvb I nv`x‡m ewY©Z wewa weav‡bi mgwó| GKwU ev` w`‡q ev Ac~Y© †i‡L AciwU KL‡bv Pjgvb _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| kvwš— I Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ ywbqvq Rxeb hvcb K‡i gvbyl AvwLiv‡Zi cv‡_q AR©‡bi †Póvq wb‡qvwRZ _vK‡e GUvB Bmjv‡gi Kvg¨| ch©vß wih&K cÖvwßi d‡j Avw_©K fv‡e m”Qj e¨w³ wb‡R‡`i †gŠwjK Pvwn`v wgwU‡q hv evowZ _v‡K Zv †_‡K gymwjgMY KyiÕAvb I mnxn nv`x‡m †hgb cÖK…Z Afvex AvZ¥xq, weaev I BqvZxg, wgmwKb, cw_K,

11

gymvwdi, mvnvh¨cÖv_x© Ges e›`x`kvq cwZZ e¨w³i gyw³i Rb¨ I RbKj¨vYKi Lv‡Z e¨q Ki‡e GUv Avj(vn&i wb‡ ©k| Amy ’Zv I wec‡` Avc‡` A‡b¨i Kv‡Q nvZ †hb cvZ‡Z bv nq Ges g„Zy¨Kv‡j ¿x mš—vb I DËivwaKvix‡`i Rb¨ wKQy m¤ú` †i‡L hvIqv Bmjv‡g ˆea| ZvB e‡j wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ RvbœvZ Zyj¨ Avivg-Av‡qk I †fvM my‡Li Rb¨ GK †kªYxi †jvK cÖvmv` evbv‡e Avi A‡Xj m¤ú` e¨vs‡K Rgv ivL‡e, Avi Aci †kªYx bv †L‡q wKsev Ava‡cUv †L‡q iv¯—v Nv‡U cïi gZ Rxeb KvUv‡e GUv Bmjv‡gi weavb n‡Z cv‡ibv|

Øx‡bi weavb gvbvi e¨vcv‡i hw`I Bmjv‡g †Kvb †Rvi Rei`w¯— iv‡Lwb, Z_vwc Bmjv‡g mZ¨ mwVK wk¶vi gva¨‡g Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMiY NUv‡bvi cÖ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi wb‡ ©k †`qv n‡q‡Q| ZvQvov KyiÕAvb cwi¯‹vi fv‡e eywS‡q w`‡q‡Q †h, mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k `vb Ges Ab¨vq Kv‡R evav`v‡bi gva¨‡g †kvlY, AwePvi I `ybx©wZi gy‡jvrcvU‡b m`v m‡Pó _vKv cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨| Avi GUvB gyÕwg‡bi wgkb| (†`Lyb m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:104 I 110)|

Bmjv‡g ¯v_©ciZv, AcPq, †fvM-wejvwmZv, ybx©wZ, †kvlY I Ryjy‡gi †Kvb ’vb †bB| Bmjv‡g i‡q‡Q mv‡g¨i weavb| Bmjvg m¤ú`kvjx‡`i †hgb Ace¨q-AcPq eR©b Kivi wb‡ ©k †`q, †Zgwb Zv‡`i evowZ m¤ú` (mwVK wnmve K‡i) hvKvZ, mv`vKv, Ki&‡h nvmvbv `v‡bi wb‡`©k I Drmvn`v‡bi gva¨‡g mgv‡Ri m¤ú` mgv‡Ri gv‡S AvewZ©Z nIqvi Ac~e© my‡hvM m„wó K‡i †`q| †Zgwb gvbyl hv‡Z GKvš— wbi“cvq Ae ’vq c‡o wf¶vi nvZ evwo‡q bv †`q †m wk¶vI †`qv n‡q‡Q| †hgb, GK e¨w³ bex (m) Gi Kv‡Q wf¶v PvB‡j wZwb wf¶v w`‡q ej‡jb, hw` †Zvgiv wf¶vi Kydj Rvb‡Z Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡`i †KD Kv‡iv Kv‡Q wKQy PvB‡Z bv| BqvZxg, weaev, AvZ¥xq, cÖwZ‡ekx, cw_K, gymvwdi I kªgRxex gvby‡li nK Av`v‡q mwVK wb‡ ©kbv w`‡q `vwi ª we‡gvP‡bi †h weavb Bmjv‡g i‡q‡Q Zv Kvh©Ki Kiv †M‡j KL‡bvB we‡`kx LqivZ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡Zv bv I wiev ev my`x F‡Yi Ke‡j gymwjg‡`i co‡Z n‡Zv bv| eis Zv‡`i Rgv‡bv evowZ m¤ú` mviv we‡k¦i gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y e¨q n‡Z cvi‡Zv| Bmjvwg A_© e¨e ’vq Ab¨Zg cÖfvekvjx weavb n‡jv ˆelg¨nxb, b¨vqwfwËK I mywePvig~jK gy³ evRvi cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g nvjvj e¨emvi e¨e ’v Kiv|

KyiÕAvb mybœvn Z_v Bmjvwg ûKyg weavb m¤ú‡K© mxgvnxb AÁZv gymwjg D¤§vn&‡K †drbv d¨vmv‡`i mgy‡ ª wbgw¾Z K‡i †i‡L‡Q| Bmjvwg A_© e¨e ’vq `ybx©wZ, Ryjyg, wbcxob I †kvl‡Yi we‡jvc mva‡b †h Kvh©Ki I †gv¶g A ¿ e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q Zv n‡jv wiev ev my` wbwl×Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g mKj cÖKvi my`x Kg©Kv‡Ûi gy‡jvrcvUb| wiev ev my` Av_©-mvgvwRK wbh©vZb, wbcxob I †kvl‡Yi Ab¨Zg nvwZqvi| eZ©gvb wek¦ wievi gva¨‡g `ybx©wZ, cÖZviYv I RvwjqvwZi welv³ msµgb Qwo‡q gvbyl‡K

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Cgv‡bi KwVb cix¶vq †d‡j w`‡q‡Q| wiev wfwËK weK…Z A_© e¨e ’vq jyÚbKvix cuywRev`x †Mvôx my`x FY `v‡bi gva¨‡g webv cwikª‡g A‡b¨i DcvR©‡b fvM emvq| wiev gvbyl‡K K…cb, ¯v_©ci cÖZviK, Ajm GgbwK mªóv wegyL evwb‡q Qv‡o| wiev nvjvj e¨emvq wewb‡qvM, `vb-mv`vKv Ges Ki&‡h nvmvbv `vb‡K Pigfv‡e wbi“rmvwnZ K‡i Avi gvby‡li mÂq‡K Abyrcv`bkxj I nvivg cš’vq my`x wewb‡qv‡M ZvwoZ K‡i †eovq| d‡j m¤ú` mgv‡Ri mKj gvby‡li gv‡S AvewZ©Z bv n‡q ïaygvÎ wbw`©ó wKQy ¯v_©v‡šlx cuywRev`x gvby‡li Pvicv‡kB AvewZ©Z n‡Z _v‡K| GB cuywRev`x gnj wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ m¤ú`‡K Kyw¶MZ K‡i ivLvi gva¨‡g †MvUv `ywbqvi gvbyl‡K wbt¯ KvOv‡j cwiYZ K‡i| `vwi‡`ªi Kvi‡Y gvby‡li µq¶gZv n«vm †c‡Z _v‡K d‡j Zviv Aa©vnvi, Abvnvi I A¯v ’ Ki cwi‡e‡k emevm Ki‡Z eva¨ nq| wki&K, Kyd&i I Ab¨vb¨ åvš—bxwZi Dci cÖwZwôZ ivóª¸wj GB mKj †jv‡Ki †gŠwjK Pvwn`v c~i‡Y e¨_© n‡q cuywRev`x †Mvwôi Kv‡Q LqivZ wKsev A_©FY myweav †P‡q nvZ cv‡Z, hv Bmjv‡g AwZ †Rviv‡jv fvlvq wbi“rmvwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ô†h e¨w³ wb‡Ri Rb¨ wf¶vi nvZ evwo‡q †`q, Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Zvi Rb¨ `vwi‡`ªi `iRv Ly‡j †`bÕ| (gyÔRvgym mMxi, ZveivYx)| ¯v_©v‡šlx cuywRev`x gnj Zv‡`i cuywR, my`x e¨emvq LvUv‡bvi Rb¨ IuZ †c‡Z e‡m _v‡K| †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î cuywRev`iv Ggb cwiw ’wZi m„wó K‡i hv‡Z `wi ª Rb‡Mvôx mvejw¤^ nevi K_v KíbvI Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| wPi Rxeb cuywRev`‡`i my`x F‡Yi KvivMv‡i e›`x n‡q _vK‡Z eva¨ nq| d‡j eQ‡ii ci eQi cyi‡bv F‡Yi †evSv gv_vq wb‡q cybivq bZybfv‡e FY Pyw³‡Z Ave× nq Ges e›`x`kvi gv‡S cwZZ nq| Av‡iv AwaK `ytLRbK e¨vcvi n‡jv ¯RbcÖxwZ, `ybx©wZ I †jvf-jvjmvi wkKvi n‡q ivóª cwiPvjbvq `vwqZ¡kxj e¨w³eM© AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB Dbœq‡bi bv‡g AcPq, PvjevwR, Abyrcv`bkxj LvZ, Awk¶v, Kywk¶v, †Ljva~jvi bv‡g evovevwo, Ak(xjZv, Acms¯‹…wZ, A ¿ I wejvmx cY¨ I †gwkb Avg`vbx, mš¿vm I mš¿vmx jvjb-cvjb BZ¨vw` AvZ¥nbbKvix Kg©Kv‡Û LqivwZ I F‡Yi A_© e¨q K‡i| ZvB Avgv‡`i kª‡×q GK wk¶K e‡jwQ‡jb eZ©gvb gymwj‡gi Ri“ix cÖ‡qvRb ev‡` Ab¨ †Kvb Lv‡Z LiP Kiv DwPr bq KviY eZ©gvb A_© m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ wg‡k Av‡Q LqivwZ (hv ïay wgmwK‡bi nK) my`x-FY GgbwK †ek¨v‡`i (DcvwR©Z nvivg A‡_©i Dci) U¨v‡·i A_©| GK K_vq nvivg m¤ú` nvjvj m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ wg‡k wM‡q cy‡iv m¤ú`‡KB nvivg K‡i w`‡q‡Q hv Ri“ix cÖ‡qvRb ev‡` †fvM Kivi my‡hvM †Kvb gymwj‡gi †bB|

cwðgv we‡k¦i Bûw` wbqwš¿Z e¨vswKs Ges `ywbqvi Ab¨vb¨ ’v‡b Qwo‡q _vKv jyÚbKvix abx I m¤ú`kvjx gnj AwZ †KŠk‡j mviv ywbqvi mvaviY gvby‡li m¤ú` I i³ †kvlY K‡i P‡j‡Q| wiev wK? wievi aiY wK? mvaviY gvbyl †_‡K ïi“ K‡i

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mKj kªgRxex gvbyl‡K `vwi`ª I e›`x`kvi w`‡K †V‡j wb‡q hvIqvi Ab¨Zg KviY †h wiev Ges GB e›`x `kv n‡Z gyw³i Rb¨ gymwj‡gi wK KiYxq Zv wb‡q fve‡Z n‡e| wiev gy³ mgvR M‡o †Zvjvi Av‡›`vj‡b kixK nIqvi j‡¶¨ Bgivb bhi †nv‡mb Gi The Prohibition of Riba in the Qur’an and Sunnah eBwU covi c~‡e©B eBwU Abyev‡`i Rb¨ †jLK Gi GK eÜzi mv‡_ Avgiv Iqv`ve× nB|

G MÖš’ µgea©gvb †drbv d¨vmv` wPwýZ K‡i weK…Z I wech© — A_©e¨e ’v wb‡q m‡PZb gvby‡li Rb¨ wPš—v M‡elYv K‡i wiev gy³ mgvR MVb Kivi Dcvq DcKiY †RvMv‡e e‡j Avgv‡`i wek¦vm| cvVK evÜe (reader-friendly) Kivi j‡¶¨ Avgiv kvwãK ZiRvgv (Abyev`) bv K‡i eBwUi fvevbyev` Kivi h_vh_ †Póv K‡iwQ| Av‡gwiKvi †cÖ¶vc‡U Dc ’vwcZ †Kvb †Kvb welq Ges Av‡iv wKQy RwUj Av‡jvPbv cwi¯‹vifv‡e †evSv‡bvi Rb¨ welqe ‘ AweK…Z †i‡L eB‡qi †Kvb †Kvb ’v‡b dzU‡bvU ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| eB‡qi cÖwZwU welqB KyiÕAvb I mnxn nv`xm Abyhvqx Dc ’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| eZ©gvb weK…Z A_© e¨e ’vi wel‡q åvš— aviYv I hyw³‡K gb †_‡K †S‡o †d‡j gy³ g‡b eBwU c‡o KyiÕAvb I nv`x‡mi mv‡_ wgwj‡q †`Lvi Rb¨ cvVKe„‡›`i Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i wb‡e`b iB‡jv| MÖ‡š’ Dc ’vwcZ welqvw` Ges e¨vL¨v we‡k(lY m¤ú‡K© Abyev`KM‡Yi Ávb mxwgZ ZvB m¤§vwbZ cvVK M‡elK gn‡ji mZ¨wbf©i mgv‡jvPbv cÖZ¨vkv KiwQ| MÖš’wU c‡o eZ©gv‡b cÖPwjZ wievwfwËK wech© — A_©e¨e¯’vi ¶wZKi w`K¸wj wPwýZ K‡i wiev eR©‡b DØy× n‡j, Avjnvg`ywjj(vn& (wbwLj f~e‡bi hveZxq cÖksmv GKgvÎ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Rb¨)| Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhve n‡Z bvRvZ (gyw³) cÖZ¨vkx Avgiv KÕRb Avcbv‡`i yÕAv Kvgbv Kwi| Avi GB eB c‡o hw` g‡b †Kvb cÖkœ Rv‡M Avgv‡`i‡K Rvbv‡bvi Aby‡iva KiwQ| Dc ’vwcZ Z_¨ hw` fyj cÖgvwYZ nq KyiÕAvb Ges mnxn nv`x‡mi `wjjmn (m~iv b¤i, AvqvZ b¤i, †Kvb& nv`xm, nv`x‡mi b¤i, cÖKvk‡Ki bvg BZ¨vw`) Avgv‡`i‡K wj‡L Rvbv‡j Avgiv DcK…Z ne, BbkvAvj(vn&| †n Avgv‡`i ie! GB MÖ‡š’i fvevbyev` I cÖKvkbvq A_© mnvqZv `vb, cÖ“d wiwWs Ges g~j¨evb civgk© w`‡q Ab¨ hviv wewfbœfv‡e mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i Ges Avgv‡`i ¶y ª GB cÖ‡Póv Avcwb Keyj K‡i wbb| Avgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K‡K wiev mn Bmjv‡g Ab¨vb¨ †gŠwjK wel‡q KyiÕAvb I nv`xm Aa¨qb K‡i mwVK Ávb AR©‡bi ZIwdK w`b| Avi †m AwR©Z Ávb cy‡ivcywi ÔAvgj Kivi gb gvbwmKZv I cwi‡ek Avcwb m„wó K‡i w`b| Avcbvi mš‘wó AR©‡bi gva¨‡g `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi m‡e©v”P Kj¨vY Avcwb Avgv‡`i‡K `vb Ki“b| †n Avgv‡`i ie! GB cÖ‡Póvq Avgv‡`i †Kvb fyj ΓwU n‡q _vK‡j Avgv‡`i‡K Avcwb gvd K‡i w`b| Avgxb|

gvKmy`v †eMg I dviRvbv BkivZ

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15

cÖ_g Aa¨vq: f~wgKv

AcÖwZ‡iva¨ MwZ‡Z `wi ªiv hLb n‡Z _v‡K Av‡iv `wi ª, Avi abevbiv n‡Z _v‡K Av‡iv abx, †mUvB n‡jv Av_©-mvgvwRK wbh©vZb| Kv‡ji weeZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ me©MÖvmx A_©‰bwZK wbcxo‡b wbgw¾Z AvR‡Ki `ywbqv| GB wbcxob µgvMZ e„w× †c‡q P‡j‡Q| gymwjg D¤§vn KyiÕAv‡bi AvBb‡K D‡c¶v K‡i gvbe iwPZ AvBb weav‡b ivóªxq, A_©‰bwZK, wk¶v, wePviKvh© Z_v mKj Kg©KvÛ cwiPvjbv K‡i Avm‡Q| gymwjg wek¦ cvðv‡Z¨i Rxeb avivi ms¯ú‡k© G‡m wb‡R‡`i Cgvb-AvwK`v aŸsm K‡i P‡j‡Q| d‡j eZ©gvb mgv‡Ri gvbyl wewea †Mvgivnxi mv‡_ mv‡_ µgvš‡q wiev ev my`x A_©-e¨e ’vi mv‡_ Rwo‡q c‡o‡Q| Bûw` wbqwš¿Z cwðgv jyÚbKvix cuyRxev`x †Mvwô wbLuyZ cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g ivRbxwZ I ivwóªq e¨e ’v, wk¶v, AvBb-wePvi e¨e ’v, wgwWqv BZ¨vw` cÖwZôv I msi¶Y K‡i P‡j‡Q| hv‡Z K‡i Av_©-mvgvwRK wbh©vZ‡bi mKj Kg©KvÛ wbwe©‡Nœ ev¯—evqb Kiv hvq| gvbe RvwZ‡K Kíiv‡R¨ wePi‡Yi `xN© ’vqx e¨e ’v Kivi Rb¨ †gvevBj †dvb, †Uwjwfkb, wf-wm-Avi, wf-wm-wW, B›Uvi‡bU I‡qe mvBU, wfwWI †MBg, wPÎ RMZ, m½xZ wkí, †Ljvayjv Ges wewfbœ †fvM-wejvmx cY¨‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv n‡”Q| †hb Zviv †fvM-wejvwmZv, Amvi KvR, AÁZv I Aejyß †PZbvi gv‡S Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zviv †hb Rvb‡Z bv cv‡i ev Rvbvi †PóvB bv Ki‡Z cv‡i †h Zv‡`i‡K wbqš¿Y Kivi Rb¨ Ges `vm‡Z¡i k„sL‡j AvU‡K ivLvi Rb¨ wiev‡K e¨envi Kiv n‡”Q| aŸsmvZ¥K GB wievi Kvi‡Y weËnxbiv n‡q P‡j‡Q Av‡iv weËnxb| Aciw`‡K cyuwRev`x weËevbiv M‡o Zyj‡Q m¤ú‡`i cvnvo| we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg jyÚbKvixiv msNe× I †K› ªxfyZ n‡q cvðvZ¨ bvgK Kyd&i iv‡R¨ mvay gnvRb †m‡R Av¯—vbv †M‡o‡Q| we‡k¦i Ab¨vb¨ ’v‡bI weivRgvb jyÚbKvix abx I weËkvjx †kªYx cÖwZwbqZ Amnvq mvaviY gvby‡li AK¬vš— kªgj× m¤ú`UyKy cÖZviYv I AZ¨vPv‡ii Ab¨Zg nvwZqvi wievi gva¨‡g ï‡l wb‡”Q| GB jy‡Uiv `‡ji g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv eûgyLx Dbœq‡bi wg_¨v eywj Qwo‡q KyU‡KŠk‡j gvbyl‡K `vwi‡ ªi w`‡K †V‡j w`‡q wek¦ gvbeZv‡K `vm‡Z¡i k„sL‡j Ave× Kiv| hv‡Z K‡i GB µxZ`vmiv cÖfy‡`i mKj Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡i |

cÖPwjZ fveaviv Abyhvqx wiev ej‡Z hv eySvq Zv n‡jv bxwZ-weewR©Z Dcv‡q D”Pnv‡i gybvdv (profit) Av`v‡qi wewbg‡q FY`vb| Z‡e Bmjv‡gi „wó‡Z †h †Kvb ¯v_© ev jv‡fi wecix‡Z FY`v‡bi gva¨‡g webv cwikª‡g I webv SuywK‡Z g~jab I m¤ú` evov‡bvi e¨e ’vB n‡jv wiev ev my`, †mB jvf Kg †nvK Avi †ekx| hLb wiev ev my‡`i wewbg‡q A_© FY †`qv nq ZLb A_© wb‡RB †Kvb kªg, cÖ‡Póv Ges

16

SuywKi m¤¢vebv QvovB ïay mg‡qi e¨eav‡b e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K| GB †e‡o hvIqv A_© AwR©Z nq Ac‡ii kªg, cY¨ I gvj m¤ú` †kvl‡Yi gva¨‡g| kªg, cY¨ I m¤ú‡`i GB †kvlY wbwnZ _v‡K G¸wji g~j¨ n«v‡mi g‡a¨ hv Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv KyiÕAv‡bi wewfbœ Avqv‡Z wbwl× †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb (11:85, 26:183)1|

wewfbœ cÖZviYv I QjPvZyixi gva¨‡g m¤ú` nvwZ‡q †bqvI GK ai‡bi wiev| †hgb KvMwR gy`ªv , c(vw÷K I B‡j±ªwbK gy`ªv c×wZ‡Z Avw_©K †jb‡`b, dvUKv e¨emv I Abygvb wbf©i e¨emvwqK †jb‡`b, IR‡b I gv‡c Kg †`qv wKš‘ †bqvi mgq †ekx †bqv BZ¨vw` mKj Kg©KvÛB wiev| ZvwK‡q †`Lyb eZ©gv‡b KZfvM e¨emv nvjvj c×wZ‡Z Pj‡Q? cÖZviYv, dvUKvevRx, gv‡c IR‡b Kg‡ekx Av`vb cÖ vb Qvov †Kvb e¨emvi Aw¯—Z¡ Av‡Q wK?2

1 Gevi †f‡e †`Lyb eZ©gv‡bi e¨vswKs †jb‡`‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ n‡q kªg I SuywK e¨vwZ‡i‡K g~ja‡bi †P‡q evowZ †h A_© GKvD‡›U Rgv nq Zv nvjvj wKbv| Avm‡j evowZ wKQy Av`vq Ki‡Z ev †c‡Z n‡j Aek¨B Zv nIqv PvB kªg, m¤ú` ev Ab¨ †Kvb mvgMÖx A_ev jvf †jvKmv‡bi SuywKi wewbg‡q| †Kbbv me©Ávbx, me©kw³gvb Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv ¯úó †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb:

gvby‡li Rb¨ wKQyB †bB †mUv e¨ZxZ hvi Rb¨ †m †Póv K‡i| (m~iv bvR&g, 53:39)|]

Avj-KyiÕAv‡bi GB AvqvZ †_‡K ¯úó n‡q D‡V †h, †Póv-mvabv I kªg Qvov gvbyl wKQyB †c‡Z cv‡ibv| Avi hv nvwmj Kivi Rb¨ †Póv K‡i, gvbyl Zv-B cvq| wKš‘ cyuwRev`x wek¦e¨e ’v G wbqg gv‡b bv, Zv‡`i †kvl‡Yi Kvi‡Y kªgjä c‡Y¨i g~j¨ ev cwigvY Kg‡Z _v‡K| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, wiev wfwËK A_©bxwZiB Aci bvg cuywRev`| ZvB cuywRev`x c×wZ‡Z hvi cuywR Av‡Q, †Póv I †jvKmv‡bi SuywK QvovB Zvi A_©m¤ú` GKZidvfv‡e µgvMZ evo‡ZB _v‡K| GB c×wZ‡Z m¤ú‡`i n ÍvšÍi nqbv| ZvB abevbiv µgvš‡q AviI abx n‡Z _v‡K Avi `wi ªiv n‡Z _v‡K wbt¯ I KvOvj|

2 G mKj Kg©KvÛ wbwl× K‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv KyiÕAv‡bi wewfbœ Avqv‡Z e‡j‡Qb:

†Zvgiv gvc I IR‡bi KvR‡K Bb&mv‡di mv‡_ m¤úbœ Ki‡e| gvbyl‡K KLbI Zv‡`i cÖvc¨ †_‡K Kg †`‡e bv| Avi (gv‡c I IR‡b ZviZg¨ K‡i) hgx‡b d¨vmv` m„wóKvix n‡qvbv| (m~iv û`, 11:85)|

†jvK‡`i‡K Zv‡`i cvIbv KLbI Kg †`‡e bv Ges ywbqvq d¨vmv` m„wó K‡iv bv| (m~iv ïÔAviv, 26:183)|

Bbmv‡di mv‡_ (IR‡bi) gvb`Û cÖwZôv K‡iv Ges IR‡b Kg w`‡q gvb`‡Ûi ¶wZmvab K‡iv bv| (m~iv ingvb, 55: 9)|

aŸsm VKevR‡`i Rb¨, hviv gv‡c Kg †`q, hviv Ab¨ †jvK‡`i †_‡K hLb †g‡c †bq ZLb Zv‡`i KvQ †_‡K cy‡ivcywi †bq| Avi hLb Zv‡`i‡K †g‡c †`q ZLb Kg †`q| (m~iv gyZvd&wddxb, 83:13)|

µq-weµ‡q cÖZviYv wb‡la K‡i ivmyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: hZ¶Y ch©š— ci¯ú‡i wew”Qbœ bv n‡e ZZ¶Y †µZv-we‡µZvi AwaKvi _vK‡e, hw` Zviv mZ¨ e‡j I h_vh_ eY©bv K‡i Z‡e Zv‡`i µq weµ‡q eiKZ n‡e, Avi hw` †Mvcb K‡i I wg_¨v e‡j Z‡e µq weµ‡q eiKZ P‡j hv‡e| (mnxn eyLvix 4:1947, c„:25, Bdvev)|

17

Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv wiev‡K K‡Vvifv‡e wbwl× (nvivg) †NvlYv Kiv m‡Z¡I mviv wek¦ GgbwK gymwjgivI AvKÚ Wy‡e i‡q‡Q nvivg †NvwlZ aŸsmvZ¥K GB wievi gv‡S| Avi ZvB imyjyj(vn (m)-Gi fwel¨ZevYx AvR w`ev‡jv‡Ki gZ ev¯—‡e iƒc wb‡q‡Q| Avey ûivBiv (iv)-Gi eY©bvq imyj(yj(vn (m) e‡j‡Qb:1

gvby‡li Dci Ggb hyM Avm‡e hLb GKwU gvbylI wiev n‡Z Ae¨vnwZ cv‡e bv| †m mivmwi wiev bv †L‡jI wievi †auvqv ev aywjKYv Aek¨B Zv‡K ¯úk© Ki‡e| (Avey `vD`, bvmvC, Be&‡b gvRvn&, wgkKvZ 6:2694)|

Avey ûivBiv (iv)-Gi eY©bvq Aci GKwU nvw`‡m imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: gvby‡li Dci Ggb hyM Aek¨B Avm‡e hLb gvbyl c‡ivqv Ki‡e bv †h wKfv‡e †m gvj-m¤ú` AR©b Ki‡Q, nvjvj bvwK nvivg Drm †_‡K| (mnxn eyLvix, 4:1948) Avgiv †mB µvwš—Kvj AwZµg KiwQ hLb gvbyl ïaygvÎ ywbqvi RxebUv‡K Dc‡fvM Kivi Rb¨B nvjvj nvivg †h †Kvb Dcv‡qB †nvK RxweKvi Zvjv‡k PiwKi gZ Ny‡i †eov‡”Q| AvwLiv‡Zi cig I wPi¯’vqx wbÔAvgZ (DcKiY) Zviv Pvq bv e‡jB Ae ’v „‡ó cÖgvwYZ nq| Gme ywbqv‡fvMx †jvK‡`i mveavb K‡i eû AvqvZ Avj(vn myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjv bvwhj K‡i‡Qb: Avi hv wKQz †Zvgv‡`i †`qv n‡q‡Q, Zv n‡jv ywbqvi Rxe‡bi †fv‡Mi mvgMÖx gvÎ| wKš‘ Avj;vni Kv‡Q (AvwLiv‡Zi Rb¨) hv Av‡Q Zv-B DËg Ges wPi ’vqx| ZeyI wK †Zvgiv AvK&j-eyw× LvUv‡e bv? (m~iv Kvmvm, 28:60)| wbðqB hviv AvwLiv‡Zi (ciKvj) Dci Cgvb Av‡b bv (bv †`‡L wek¦vm K‡i bv) Zv‡`i Rb¨ Zv‡`i Kg©KvÛ mg~n‡K Avgiv †kvfb K‡i w`‡qwQ| d‡j Zviv Avcb Kg©Kv‡Ûi Pvicv‡k D™£v‡š—i (cvM‡ji) gZ Ny‡i †eovq| (m~iv bvg&j, 27: 4)| (†kvb) †n gvby‡liv (AvwLivZ wel‡q) Avj;vn&i Iqv`v Aek¨B mZ¨| myZivs ywbqvi Rxeb †hb †Zvgv‡`i †avuKv bv w`‡Z cv‡i Ges †auvKv bv w`‡Z cv‡i †auvKvevR kqZvb| wbðqB kqZvb n‡jv †Zvgv‡`i kΓ| myZivs Zv‡K kΓB g‡b Ki‡e| †m Zvi `jej‡`i WvK‡Z _v‡K †hb Zviv mK‡jB Rvnvbœv‡gi Awaevmx n‡q hvq| (m~iv dvwZi, 35:5-6)| ZvivB †m mKj †jvK hviv AvwLiv‡Zi wewbg‡q ywbqvi Rxeb‡K wK‡b wb‡q‡Q| d‡j bv Zv‡`i Avhve Kwg‡q †`qv n‡e Ges bv Zviv mvnvh¨cÖvß n‡e| (m~iv evKviv, 2:86)| Avi †h ywbqvi Rxeb‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q‡Q, wbðqB RvnvbœvgB n‡e Zvi ’vqx wVKvbv| (m~iv bvwhÔAvZ, 79:38-39)| Av‡iv †`Lyb 10:7-8, 3:14, 6:32, 9:69, 10:24, 16:107, 7:51, 26:88| KyiÕAv‡b AviI eû Avqv‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv gvbyl‡K ywbqvi †fvM I wejvwmZv †Q‡o AvwLiv‡Z mdjZv AR©b Kivi Rb¨ wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ AwaKvsk gvbyl‡Zv AvR KyiÕAvb Aa¨qb K‡ibv, KviY KyiÕAv‡bi wk¶v Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q e‡j Zviv g‡b K‡i bv| Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb †`kx we‡`kx Kv¸‡R wWMÖx hv w`‡q ywbqvi Rxeb wK‡b †bqv hvq| †m Kvi‡Y KyiÕAv‡bi wk¶v P‡j †M‡Q AvR gvby‡li aiv †Quvqvi evB‡i| G bvRyK cwiw ’wZ‡Z Avgv‡`i wK wKQyB Kivi †bB? n uv Av‡Q| KviY, Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv gvby‡li gv‡S `vIqvn& ev Dc‡`k `v‡bi †cÖvMÖvg Pvwj‡q hvIqvi wb‡ ©k w`‡q Bikv` K‡i‡Qb: Zywg Dc‡`k w`‡q †h‡Z _vK| (m~iv Mvwkqv, 88:21)| Zywg †evSv‡Z _vK, G Dc‡`k gyÕwgb‡`i Kv‡R Avm‡e| (m~iv hvixqvZ, 51:55)| Dc‡`‡ki e¨vcv‡i Av‡iv K‡Vvi n‡q Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb: AZGe GB KyiÕAv‡bi AvqvZ w`‡q Zv‡K †evSv‡Z _vK †h Avgvi Avhve‡K fq K‡i| (m~iv Kvd, 50:45)| Avgiv KyiÕAv‡bi AvqvZ Ges imyjyj(vn (m)-Gi mybœvn&i mvnv‡h¨ Avgv‡`i e³e¨ Dc¯’vcb Kivi †Póv K‡iwQ| Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi hviv gyÕwgb Zviv DcK…Z n‡e| (51:55) BbkvAvj(vn| m~iv gvÔD‡b Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Kvwdi I gybvwdK‡`i eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| hviv AvwLiv‡Z „p wek¦vmx bq Zviv cwiP‡q gymwjg n‡jI Zv‡`i Pwi‡Î †auvKv, cÖZviYv, `wi ª RbM‡Yi m¤ú` AvZ¥mvr, †jvK †`Lv‡bv Bev`Z BZ¨vw` PvwiwÎK ΓwU¸wj _vKv LyeB ¯vfvweK| Avi G mKj Kvwdi gybvwdK‡`i Kvi‡YB AvR‡Ki ywbqvq †drbv d¨vmv‡`i GZUv we¯—…wZ N‡U‡Q| KyiÕAvb G mKj Kvwdi gybvwdK‡`i K‡Vvifv‡e ûuwkqvi K‡i w`‡q‡Q (107:1-7)|

18

fqsKi GB †drbvi hy‡M Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?

g~jZ GKRb gyÕwgb wb‡R‡K Ges cwievi‡K wiev †_‡K euvwP‡q ivLvi me©vZ¥K †Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡e ïay Zv-B bq, eis KyiÕAvb-mybœvn&i Áv‡b wb‡R‡K mg„× I ms‡kvab K‡i GKRb gyÕwgb mgvR, RvwZ Z_v mgMÖ wek¦ gvbeZv‡K wievi welv³ †Qvej †_‡K D×vi Kivi Aweivg †Póvq AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡e| cÖwZwU gyÕwgb wb‡R‡`i Mixe AvZ¥xq, BqvZxg, wgmwKb Ges mgv‡Ri Ab¨vb¨ Amnvq gvby‡li ¶yav wbe„wË Z_v Ab¨vb¨ †gŠwjK Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ki‡e| Avi †m mKj Pvwn`v c~i‡Y hvKvZ, mv`vKv, Ki&‡h nvmvbv BZ¨vw` Avw_©K mnvqZv `vb Ki‡e, Ges e¨w³MZ fv‡e, cÖ‡qvR‡b mvgvwRK fv‡e, †Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡e hZw`b bv mgv‡Ri `vwi`ª ~i nq| Avw_©K mnvqZv `vb K‡i Ges nvw`m I KyiÕAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K K_v ejv I wjLvi gva¨‡g G †Póv-msMÖvg Qwo‡q w`‡Z n‡e e¨w³ †_‡K `‡j, `j †_‡K mgvR I RvwZ‡Z| AvBb-weavb `vZv Zv¸wZ mgvR‡K mg~‡j aŸsm Kivi wbiew”Qbœ cÖwµqvi gva¨‡gB AÁZv I †Mvgivwn‡Z Nywg‡q _vKv gymwjg D¤§vn&i Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMi‡Yi cÖ‡Póv n‡Z cv‡i| wievi aŸsmvZ¥K AvµgY †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vn‡K D×v‡ii Rb¨ †h msMÖvg, †m msMÖvg n‡e mgy`q `ywbqvex ¯v‡_©i E‡aŸ© †_‡K, ïaygvÎ Avj(vni Øxb cÖwZôvi Rb¨| gyÕwg‡bi ü`‡q Avj(vn&i AvBb-weav‡ÿ cÖwZ kª×v‡eva, Avi gvbe iwPZ Zv¸wZ AvBb-weav‡bi cÖwZ N„Yv‡eva _vK‡e, GUvB ¯vfvweK| gyÕwg‡bi GB †PZbvB wiev wbg~©‡ji Ab¨Zg nvwZqvi| †h gyÕwgb bv †R‡b wiev Lv‡”Qb Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb wiev wel‡q KyiÕAvb mybœvn&i Ávb AR©b K‡i ÔwievÕ wbgy©‡ji wbijm msMÖv‡g wb‡R‡K kwiK Kiv| †Kbbv AÁ _vKvi my‡hvM Bmjv‡g ivLv nqwb eis mK‡ji Rb¨ Øx‡bi Ávb AR©b‡K (Zvjvk) dih Kiv n‡q‡Q| 1

1 Ávb AR©‡bi ZvwM` w`‡q Avj-KyiÕAv‡b ewY©Z n‡q‡Q:

( ywbqv‡Z) †ekx cvIqvi †jvf †Zvgv‡`i‡K Mvwdj K‡i †i‡L‡Q| Ggwb K‡iB †Zvgiv Ke‡ii Kv‡Q wM‡q nvwhi n‡e| GgbwU KL‡bv bq, AwP‡iB †Zvgiv Rvb‡Z cvi‡e, KL‡bv bq, †Zvgiv AwZ mË¡iB (Gi cwiYvg) Rvb‡Z cvi‡e| (K‡Zv fvj n‡Zv!) †Zvgiv hw` mwVK Ávb wK Zv Rvb‡Z cvi‡Z, Zvn‡j eyS‡Z †h †Zvgiv Aek¨B Rvnvbœvg †`L‡Z cv‡e| †Zvgiv Aek¨B †Zvgv‡`i wbR †Pv‡L Zv †`L‡Z cv‡e| AZci (Avj;vn ZvÔAvjvi †`qv) wbÔAvgZ m¤ú‡K© Aek¨B †Zvgv‡`i †mw`b wR‡Ám Kiv n‡e| (m~iv ZvKvmyi 102:1-8)|

†Kvb gyÕwgb hw` wiev (my`) eR©b K‡i wb‡R‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K euvPv‡bvi †Póv bv K‡i wKsev Avj(vni weavb Kv‡q‡gi D‡Ï‡k¨ wiev (my`) gy³ Avw_©K †jb‡`b I Ab¨vb¨ Kg©KvÛ cÖwZôvi Av‡›`vj‡b mva¨gZ kwiK bv nq Zvn‡j a‡i †bqv hvq Zvi Cgvb Aš—mvik~b¨ hv Kydix I gybv‡dKxi e¨vwa‡Z Avµvš—| Cgvb †hb Kydixi mv‡_ wg‡k bv †h‡Z cv‡i †m wel‡q Avj-KyiÕAv‡b ûwkqvix D”PvwiZ n‡q‡Q: †KD hw` Cgvb‡K Kydixi wbq‡gi mv‡_ e`j K‡i †bq Aek¨B †m mwVK iv¯—v nvwi‡q c_åó n‡q †Mj| (m~iv evKviv, 2:108)| Zv‡K c_ †`wL‡q w`‡qwQ PvB‡j †m †kvKi †MvRvi ev›`v n‡Z cv‡i, Ab¨_vq Kvwdi n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e hviv Kzdixi c_ †e‡Q ‡b‡e Zv‡`i Rb¨ Avwg †kKj, †ewo I Av¸‡bi †jwjnvb wkLv (w`‡q kvw¯—i) e¨e ’v K‡i †i‡LwQ| (m~iv `vn&i, 76:3-4)|

A_©‰bwZK AeKvVv‡gv weaŸsmx wievi (my‡`i) wbh©vZb †_‡K wek¦gvbeZv‡K D×viKv‡h© cÖ‡qvRb mwVK cwiKíbvi mv‡_ h_vh_ Kg©cš’v cÖYqb| Avi GB

19

Kg©KvÛ Pvjv‡Z n‡j wievi (my‡`i) ivR¨ †_‡K †ei n‡q gymwjg Kgy¨wbwU‡Z gyÕwgb‡`i Rb¨ RvgvÕAvZ-e× Rxeb Movi D‡`¨v‡Mi cÖ‡qvRb| GB gymwjg Kgy¨wbwUi Avgxi n‡eb GKRb mywkw¶Z Ges †bZ…Z¡ v‡b cvi`kx© `¶ Avgxi| gyÕwgbMYI GB Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ I mnvqZv`v‡bi evBq¨vZ (wjwLZ Iqv`v) wb‡q Avj(vn&i Øxb Kv‡q‡g wbijm cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡eb| AZci mK‡jB †mB RvgvÕAv‡Zi wbqg-weavb †g‡b Pj‡eb| Avgv‡`i aviYvq wievi (my‡`i) auyqv ev ev®ú MÖnY †_‡K AvZ¥i¶v K‡i Cgvb wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi weKí Avi mKj c_ AvR eÜ| c¶vš—‡i †Lvjv Av‡Q wiev ev my‡`i iv‡R¨ wePi‡Yi Aeva my‡hvM|

wiev (my`)-wfwËK A_©bxwZ‡Z cuywRev`iv ïay †h wPi ’vqx abkvjx n‡q Zyó _vK‡e Zv bq, eis Zv‡`i A`g¨ †jvf I wnsmvi `n‡b A‡b¨i m¤ú` ï‡l †bqv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡e| †jvKmv‡bi SuywKwenxb wewb‡qvM c×wZ Qwo‡q w`‡q jy‡Uiv cuywRev` m¤cÖ vq c‡ii m¤ú` Avni‡Yi A`g¨ †jvf‡K wPiRvMÖZ K‡i ivL‡e| SuywKwenxb wewb‡qvM (risk-free investment) Mv‡qi †Rv‡i cÖwZwôZ GK ai‡bi AvBb Aby‡gvw`Z Pywi| cuywRev`x †Mvwô ev‡` Ab¨ mKj gvby‡li m¤ú‡`i wQu‡U-†dvUv Aw ÍZ¡ hZw`b Av‡Q, ZZw`b GB Pywi Pj‡Z _vK‡e| AZ¨vPvix GB jy‡Uiv †Mvwô Pvq `wi`ª-weËnxb‡`i wbt¯ K‡i mKj m¤ú‡`i AwaKvix n‡Z| imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: `wi ª-wbt¯ Ae ’v gvbyl‡K Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi mv‡_ Kydixi w`‡K †V‡j wb‡q hvq| ZvB imyjyj(vn& (m) mvjvn& (bvgvh) †k‡l Kyd&i I dvK&i (`vwi`ª) †_‡K cvbvn& †P‡q Avj(vn&i Kv‡Q `yÕAv Ki‡Zb| (mybvb bvmvC, 2:1350 c„ 251, Bdvev)|

wiev wfwËK cuywRev` we¯—v‡ii d‡j ywbqvi AwaKvsk gvbyl wbt¯ `wi`ª I wech© — n‡q c‡o‡Q| wievi (my`x) ivR¨ we¯—v‡ii Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv kqZv‡bi `vm‡Z¡i k„sL‡j Ave× †i‡L †MvUv gvbeRvwZ‡K wkiK, Kydi, wbdvK (gybv‡dKx) GgbwK bvw¯—KZvq wbgw¾Z ivLv|

AvR GK_v ej‡Z †KvbB wØav †bB †h, wiev (my`) eR©‡b mg‡qvc‡hvMx mwVK c`‡¶c MÖn‡Y e¨_© n‡j `vwi‡`ªi Ke‡j c‡o AwP‡iB we‡k¦i AwaKvsk gymwjg nq‡Zv Cgvbnviv Kvwd‡i cwiYZ n‡e (bvDhywej(vn), Z‡e Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvB G wel‡q fvj Rv‡bb| ˆckvwPK Ackw³i Kvi‡Y †h mKj gvbyl AZ¨vPvi-wbcxo‡bi wbg©g wkKvi, Zv‡`i D×v‡i GwM‡q Avmv eZ©gv‡b cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi Øxwb `vwqZ¡| Avgiv wK Rvwb AZ¨vPvix‡`i †`vmi Kviv? GivB Zviv hv‡`i Kv‡Q i‡q‡Q Z_¨ mvgªv‡R¨i (Media World) GK”QÎ wbqš¿Y| Zviv `vwi`ª we‡gvP‡bi bv‡g gvbeZvi gyw³i auyqv Zy‡j wievi (my`x) ivR¨ we¯—vi K‡i‡Q| Avi ywbqvi cÖvq cÖwZwU gvbyl‡K my`‡Lvi evwb‡q Avj(vn I imyj (m)-Gi mv‡_ hy‡× wjß †i‡L‡Q| Avj(vn I imyj (m)-Gi wei“‡× hy‡× kwiK evwb‡q (2:279) wek¦ gvbeZv‡K aŸs‡mi AZj MnŸ‡i Wywe‡q w`‡q‡Q| GivB Zviv hviv nxb Pµvš— I Pig AZ¨vPvi

20

K‡i Awk¶v, Kywk¶v we¯—vi K‡i P‡j‡Q| Avi mZ¨ mwVK Øxb, Bmjvg‡K DMÖev`, †gŠjev` BZ¨vw` AvL¨v w`‡q‡Q|

hLb AZ¨vPvwiZ †kvwlZ Ges ewÂZ‡`i gyw³i j‡¶¨ Bmjvg GKwU ¯vaxbZvKvgx kw³iƒ‡c f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z hvq ZLbB Zv A¯vfvweK Zxeª ˆckvwPKZvi m¤§yLxb nq| Gi KviY LyeB ¯úó| cÖPvihš¿ I cÖPvi gva¨g¸wj (Media) Zv‡`iB Øviv wbqwš¿Z n‡”Q hviv wievi cÖeZ©b K‡i‡Q Ges Zv wUwK‡q †i‡L‡Q| hviv wb‡RivB gvbeRvwZ‡K †kvlY Ki‡Q! GivB Øxb Bmjvg‡K †gŠjev` AvL¨v w`‡q‡Q| `ytLRbK n‡jI mZ¨ †h Bmjv‡gi GKwU weK…Z kw³ e¨vsK B›Uv‡ió‡K my` ev wiev wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i bv| ZvB Zviv †kvlK †kªYxi cÖwZ ûgwK †Zv bqB eis Ggb mKj welq cÖPvi gva¨‡g AZ¨š— †KŠk‡j mZ¨‡K weK…Z K‡i mwZ¨Kvi weavb e‡j cÖPvi K‡i †eovq hv gvbyl‡K weåvš— K‡i|

hw` GB weK…Z Pwi‡Îi †jvK¸wj wievi gva¨‡g RbMY‡K †kvlY Pvwj‡q †h‡Z _v‡K Z‡e Zviv m¤ú‡`i cvnvo M‡o †Zvjvi †P‡qI gvivZ¥K †h ANUb NUv‡e Zv n‡jv gvbeRvwZ‡K µxZ`v‡m iƒcvš—i Kiv| G `vmZ¡ _vK‡e mvaviY gvby‡li †evakw³i evB‡i (invisible slavery)| hLb cÖK……Z µxZ`vm cÖ_v Pvjy wQj ZLbKvi gwbeMY Zv‡`i‡K B‡”QgZ LvUv‡Zv wVKB, wKš‘ wewbg‡q Zv‡`i _vKv LvIqvi wKQyUv n‡jI e¨e ’v Ki‡Zv| wKš‘ eZ©gvb invisible `vmZ¡ cÖ_v Av‡iv RNb¨, KviY GB cÖ_vq gwbeiv Zv‡`i `vm‡`i B‡”QgZ LvwU‡q †bq wVKB, wKš‘ fiY-†cvl‡Yi `vwqZ¡ `vm‡`i‡K wb‡R‡`iB Nv‡o Zy‡j wb‡Z nq|

wiev (my`) wek¦ gvbeZvi wei“‡× VvÛv jovB K‡i P‡j‡Q| A_P GB jovB‡qi ¶q¶wZ AwaKvsk gvby‡li Kv‡Q mivmwi `„k¨gvb nq bv| my`‡Lvi‡`i wei“‡× hy× †NvwlZ n‡q‡Q ¯qs me©kw³gvb Avj(vn&i c¶ †_‡K: I‡n hviv Cgvb G‡bQ, †Zvgiv Avj;vn‡K fq Ki Avi †Zvgv‡`i †h wiev (my`) †jvK‡`i Kv‡Q cvIbv Av‡Q Zv †Q‡o `vI, hw` †Zvgiv gyyÕwgb nI| hw` †Zvgiv Zv bv K‡iv (my` bv Qvo) Zvn‡j †kvb, Avj;vn& I imyj (m)-Gi c¶ n‡Z †Zvgv‡`i wei“‡× hy‡×i †NvlYv Kiv n‡jv| (m~iv evKviv, 2:278-279)|

KyiÕAv‡b Av‡iv †hme welq nvivg †NvlYv n‡q‡Q wiev (my`) wbwl×Ki‡Yi fvlv me‡P‡q K‡Vvi| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †m mKj K‡Vvi wb‡laevYx D‡c¶v K‡i my` LvIqv Ae¨vnZ _vK‡j, jyÚbKvix cuywRev`x‡`i Kv‡Q wPi`vmZ¡eiY †Zv ïay mg‡qi e¨vcvi gvÎ| `vmZ¡ei‡Yi mv‡_ mv‡_ m¤ú`, ivR‰bwZK ¶gZv, kw³, g‡bvej meB Zy‡j w`‡Z n‡e cuywRev` AZ¨vPvix `v¾vj kw³i nv‡Z| GB `v¾vjiv ZLb wg_¨v cÖ‡jvfb †`wL‡q gymwj‡gi Cgvb-Avgj aŸsm K‡i Zv‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi AZj MnŸ‡i †V‡j w`‡q wb‡R‡`i m½x evwb‡q †b‡e|

21

B‡Zvg‡a¨B gymwjg wek¦ `v¾vjiƒcx Bûw`-Lªxóvb‡`i nv‡Z mKj ¶gZv mu‡c w`‡q Zv‡`i µxZ`v‡m cwiYZ n‡q †M‡Q e‡j gš—e¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib A‡b‡KB| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i aviYvq, Avgv‡`i gv‡S D‡j(L‡hvM¨ msL¨K gymwj‡gi kw³-¶gZv I Cgvb GL‡bv dywi‡q hvqwb Avjnvg`ywjj(vn&! †hUyKy kw³-¶gZv Aewkó Av‡Q †mUyKy wbt‡k‡li A‡c¶vq bv †_‡K wiev I wiev‡Lviw`M‡K eqKU Kivi Av‡›`vj‡b kwiK nIqv GLb cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi Aek¨ KZ©e¨ (dih)|

G MÖš’ iPbvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv KyiÕAvb-mybœvn&i Av‡jv‡K wiev welqK e¨vL¨v`vb Ges wiev ev my`x A_©bxwZi aviK-evnK‡`i wPwýZ K‡i Zv‡`i KyU‡KŠkj I AcKg© we¯—v‡ii eY©bv †`qv| Avi Cgvb weaŸsmx hy‡×i Aewkó wPÎ Zy‡j a‡i Nygš— gymwjg wek¦‡K mvB‡iY evwR‡q mZK© Kivi †Póv Kiv| KviY wiev (my`) LvIqvi e¨vcv‡i imyj (m)-Gi fwel¨`&evYx ev¯—‡e cwiYZ n‡q my‡`i auyqv mgMÖ wek¦‡K †Q‡q †d‡j‡Q| imyj (m) AZ¨š— cwi¯‹vi fvlvq eywS‡q w`‡q‡Qb †h, gymwjg D¤§vni me‡P‡q eo wech©q I Cgvb AvwK`v aŸs‡mi Ab¨Zg KviY n‡e wiev f¶Y I me©¯—‡i wievi e¨envi| Avi Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wiev wbwl×Ki‡Yi (nvivg) welq‡K me©‡kl Iqvnx (cÖZ¨v‡`k) wnmv‡e †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb|1

wievi (my‡`i) fqvenZvi Ggb e¨vwß N‡U‡Q †h imyj (m)-Gi fwel¨ØvYx †h ïay ev ͇e cwiYZ n‡q‡Q Zv bq, Avgv‡`iB RxeÏkvq †`L‡Z cvw”Q wKfv‡e wiev ev my‡`i aŸsmvZ¥K †Qvej wek¦evmx‡K wbt¯ KvOvj K‡i w`‡”Q| GB my‡`i fqvenZv we¯—…wZ cv‡”Q MZ cÖvq Avwk beŸB eQi a‡i, we‡klK‡i A‡Uvg¨vb wLjvdvn& (Zyi‡¯‹ Aew ’Z Imgvwbqv wLjvdZ) wejywßi ci †_‡K| 1924 mv‡j A‡Uvg¨vb wLjvdvn&i cZb N‡U| cuywRev`x BD‡ivc 1924 mvj ch©š— Bmjv‡gi K‡qKwU Bmy¨ ev‡` Ab¨ †Kvb †m±‡i cÖ‡e‡ki my‡hvM K‡i wb‡Z cv‡iwb| NUbv cÖevn ïi“ nq A‡Uvg¨vb

1 hv‡Z K‡i nq gvbyl my`x Kg©KvÛ †Q‡o w`‡e bq‡Zv Avj(vn& I imyj (m)-Gi wei“‡× hy× Ki‡Z Ki‡Z wbt¯ me©nviv n‡q k~Y¨ nv‡Z Ke‡i wM‡q Abš—Kvj Rvnvbœv‡gi KwVb Avhve †fvM Ki‡Z _vK‡e| my`x Kg©Kv‡Û Rwo‡q gymwjgMY †h ïay AvwLiv‡Zi cig ¯v”Q›`gq Abš— myL-‡fv‡Mi m¤¢vebv nviv‡”Q Zv-B bq, eis wievi gZ nvivg f¶‡Yi gva¨‡g gymwjg Rb‡Mvwô RM‡Zi me©vwaK wbh©vwZZ, AZ¨vPvwiZ RvwZ wnmv‡e wPwýZ n‡q gvb‡eZi Rxeb hvcb K‡i P‡j‡Q| †Kvb †Kvb gymwjg ïay †h wiev f¶Y K‡i ZvÑB bq eis wkiK& Kydi I we`ÕAvZ †kªYxi Kg©Kv‡Û wjß n‡q me©kw³gvb Avj(vn&i g‡bvbxZ Øxb Bmjvg †_‡K †ei n‡q co‡Q, Avi Avj(vn&i mKj AvBb-weav‡b wkw_jZv G‡b Ges Avj(vn&i wba©vwiZ mxgv‡iLv jsNb K‡i Zuvi †µv‡a wbcwZZ n‡q P‡j‡Q| ZvB eZ©gvb ywbqvi AwaKvsk gymwjg, Bûw`-bvmviv Z_v Avj(vn&i kΓ‡`i Ki“YvcÖv_x© n‡q Zv‡`i Dw”Qó‡fvMx cÖvYx‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| Avj(vn&i AvBb-weavb †g‡b Pjvi wb‡ ©k w`‡q Bikv` n‡”Q: Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv †h AvBb-weavb bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Zvi wfwˇZB Zywg wePvi-dvqmvjv K‡iv, Avi †Zvgvi wb‡Ri Kv‡Q hv mZ¨ Øxb G‡m‡Q, Zvi †_‡K m‡i wM‡q Zv‡`i †Lqvj Lykxi AbymiY K‡iv bv| Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ kvwiÔAvn& I Kg©cš’v wba©viY K‡i w`‡qwQ| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:48)|

22

Lwjdvi ZrKvjxb mg‡q BD‡ivc †_‡K A_©FY †bqvi ci †_‡K| GB FY MÖn‡Yi cwiYwZ GZ yi Mwo‡qwQj †h 1857 mv‡j wZwb BD‡ivcxq A_©‰bwZK e(¨vK‡gBwjs-Gi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡q c‡ob| hvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z FY Ges F‡Yi my` gIKyd cvIqvi Rb¨ A‡Uvg¨vb mvgªv‡R¨i mKj ’v‡b wRwhqv Ki Ges Avnjyh- wh¤§vn Aejyß K‡i w`‡Z eva¨ nb| GB Pµvš— n‡jv A_©‰bwZK mvgªvR¨ we¯—v‡ii GKwU R¡jš— D`vniY| GB mKj Pµvš—g~jK Kg©KvÛ eZ©gvb we‡k¦ cÖPwjZ wbq‡g cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| hv gymwjg RvwZ eyS‡Z cvi‡Qbv, †evSvi †PóvI Ki‡Q bv| 1

1924 mv‡ji ci †_‡K gymwjg Rvnv‡bi cÖwZwU ¯—‡ii Avw_©K †jb‡`‡b wiev (my`) Xy‡K c‡o Ges wievi mnRvZ cÖe„wË wb‡q A_©‰bwZK mvgªvR¨ev` gymwjg we‡k¦i `yqv‡i yqv‡i Aeva I `ª“ZMwZ‡Z Qwo‡q hvq| A_©‰bwZK c½y‡Z¡i my‡hvM wb‡q wk¶v-`x¶v, AvBb-weavb, wePvi-dvqmvjv, mvgvwRK wbqg Kvbyb BZ¨vw` mKj ch©v‡q µgvš‡q KyiÕAvb-mybœvn&i (nv`x‡mi) wewa-weav‡bi ’vb `Lj K‡i †bq wki&K I Kyd&‡i ficyi †fvMev`x, ag©wbi‡c¶ BD‡ivcxq AvBb-weavb (bvDhy wej(vn&)|

Avgiv KyiÕAvb mybœvn& †_‡K mZ¨ mÜv‡b hw` m‡Pó n‡Z PvB Zvn‡j, KyiÕAvb-mybœvn&q wiev (my`) nvivg ev wbwl× nIqvi welqwU ¸i“‡Z¡i mv‡_ Abyaveb Ki‡Z n‡e| †h †Kvb Dcv‡q †jvf, †fvM-wejvwmZvi aviv‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i mZZv I K‡Vvi me‡ii gva¨‡g Avgiv hw` wievi eqKU‡K Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z cvwi, Zvn‡j wievi gva¨‡g Bmjv‡gi kΓ‡`i c¶ †_‡K Cgvb I gvbeZv weaŸsmx hy‡× AvZ¥i¶v

1 my`xN© mvZkZ eQi kvmb cwiPvjbvi ci gymwjg †bZ…e„›` cvi¯úwiK Ø›Ø-Kjn I †fvM wejvwmZvq wjß n‡q KyiÕAvb mybœvn&i wk¶v D‡c¶v K‡i P‡j| h_vh_ `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b gymwjg kvmK‡`i Pig Ae‡njvi my‡hvM wb‡q `¾v‡ji `j wek¦e¨vcx mvgªvR¨ev` Qwo‡q †`q| `v¾vjiƒcx Bûw`-bvmviv GKgvÎ cÖwZc¶ gymwjg D¤§vn&i ¶wZmva‡b Ggb †Kvb nxbcš’v wQjbv hv Zviv Aej¤b K‡iwb| G‡`i GB nxb Pwi‡Îi PgrKvi eY©bv w`‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib:

†n †jvKmKj, †Zvgiv hviv Cgvb G‡bQ, †Zvgv‡`i wbR `‡ji †jvK Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Aš—i½ eÜy wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡iv bv| KviY, †Zvgv‡`i ¶wZmva‡bi †Kvb my‡hvMB Zviv nvZQvov Ki‡e bv, Zviv †Zv ïay †Zvgv‡`i AKj¨vYB Kvgbv K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡b jyKv‡bv cÖwZwnsmv Zv‡`i gyL †_‡KB cÖKvk cv‡”Q| Aek¨, Zv‡`i AšÍ‡i jyKv‡bv wnsmv Av‡iv Zxeª fqsKi| Avgiv wbðqB my¯úó eY©bv K‡i †Zvgv‡`i eywS‡q w`w”Q| hw` eyw×gvb nI Zvn‡j mZK© n‡q hvI| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:118)|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi GB mZK©evYx m‡Z¡I gymwjg †bZ…e„›` `v¾vj‡`i cÖZviYvi duv‡` AvU‡K wM‡q gymwjg D¤§vn&‡K AvMÖvm‡bi w`‡K †V‡j wb‡q hv‡”Q|

e ‘Z wievi (my`x Kg©Kv‡Ûi) duv‡` Ave× n‡q wek¦ gvbeZv AvR aŸs‡mi †`vi‡Mvovq †cuŠ‡Q wM‡q‡Q| ZvB Avi Nywg‡q _vKvi †gv‡UI mgq †bB| Mv Svov w`‡q †R‡M DV‡Z n‡e gymwjg D¤§vn&‡K| cÖwZwU gymwjg‡K i“‡L uvov‡Z n‡e wievmn Ab¨vb¨ †Mvgivnx I Avj(vn&-we‡ivax cÖwZwU wewa-weavb I Kg©Kv‡Ûi wei“‡×| Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU †¶‡Î wiev (my`) eR©b K‡i, cÖZviYv I Dbœq‡bi fyqv †k(vMv‡bi gva¨‡g gymwj‡gi m¤ú` jyUZiv‡Ri aviv‡K cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

23

Kiv Avgv‡`i c‡¶ GLbI m¤¢e| j¶¨ K‡i †`Lyb Avgv‡`i bex (m) Kx Avgv‡`i‡K mvZwU Kweiv ¸Yvn& †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ mZK© K‡i hvb wb?

Avey ûivBiv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, imyjyj;vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb, aŸsmvZ¥K mvZwU welq †_‡K †Zvgiv `y‡i _vK‡e| mvnvevMY wR‡Ám Ki‡jb †n Avj;vn&i imyj (m) †m mvZwU welq wK? wZwb ej‡jb: 1 Avj;vn&i Bev`‡Z KvD‡K kwiK Kiv, 2 hv`ywe`¨v wk¶v I cÖ`k©b Kiv, 3 Ab¨vqfv‡e KvD‡K nZ¨v Kiv, 4 wiev f¶Y (my` LvIqv), 5 BqvZx‡gi gvj AvZ¥mvr I f¶Y Kiv, 6 wRnv‡`i gq`vb †_‡K cjvqb Kiv, 7 gyÕwgb gwnjv‡K PwiÎnxbZvi Acev` †`qv| (mnxn eyLvix, 5:2575)|

AvR Avgiv Ggb GK we‡k¦ emevm KiwQ †hLv‡b (RvwnwjqvZ ev AÁZvi Aemvb n‡q‡Q g‡b Kiv m‡Z¡I) wiev cybivq AvNvZ †n‡b‡Q| Avi gvbe RvwZi Dci Pvjv‡”Q †kvlY I wbh©vZb| GB †kvlY wbh©vZb cÖwZwbqZ Pig †_‡K PigZg iƒc aviY Ki‡Q| 1971 mv‡j wbDBq‡K© cÖKvwkZ KziÕAvwbK Avw½‡K wjLv GB eB †h wec` ms‡KZ w`‡”Q Zv nj AvMvgx cuwPk eQ‡i jyÉbKvix abx‡`i nv‡Z mgMÖ gvbeZv `vm‡Z¡i k„sL‡j Ave× nIqvi cÖwµqv m¤úbœ nIqvi welqwU|

G MÖ‡š’i Av‡jvP¨ welqe ‘‡Z †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h GKgvÎ BmjvgB Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi g‡bvbxZ Øxb| ZvB ïaygvÎ BmjvgB wievi Kvi‡Y D™¢vweZ mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb w`‡Z cv‡i| GKgvÎ BmjvgB `vwi`ª, wbcxob, AZ¨vPvi BZ¨vw` †_‡K wek¦ gvbeZvi gyw³`v‡b GK”QÎ AwaKvix|

wievhy³ (my`x) A_© e¨e ’vi Kvi‡Y ïay gymwjgiv bq ag©, eY©, RvwZ wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡jB AvR AwZô| ZvB mviv we‡k¦i gvbyl wiev eR©‡bi gva¨‡g A_©‰bwZK wbcxob †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z Pvq| GgbwK DËi Av‡gwiKvi Avwd«Kvbiv GwM‡q G‡mwQj wiev wbwl×KiY I wiev eR©‡bi `vex wb‡q, KviY Giv Pig ˆelg¨ I Av_©-mvgvwRK wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi n‡q kZvwãi ci kZvwã a‡i ywe©mn Rxeb hvcb K‡i Avm‡Q| fviZxq †bZv gnvZ¥v MvwÜi `k©b AbyKi‡Y GB wbh©vwZZ RbZv‡K wb‡q js gv‡P© †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q 1963 mv‡j, W±i gvwU©b jy_vi wKs P‡j wM‡qwQ‡jb IqvwksUb wW-wm ch©š—|i g¨vjKg G· (Malcolm X)-I IqvwksU‡b wM‡qwQ‡jb wKš‘ †m w`bKvi jsgv‡P© wZwb †hvM †`bwb| wbh©vZb, wbcxob I ˆelg¨gy³ wek¦ M‡o †Zvjvi ¯cœ †Rviv‡jv K‡Ú e¨³ K‡iwQ‡jb gvwU©b jy_vi wKs| A_©‰bwZK wbh©vZb I AZ¨vPvi wbg©~‡j mwnsmZvwenxb (bb-fv‡qv‡j›U) Av‡›`vj‡bi cwiKíbv cÖYqb K‡ib| mgq e‡q P‡j Zvi wbR¯ MwZ‡Z wKš‘ W±i gvwU©b jy_vi wKs-Gi ¯cœ ¯cœB †_‡K hvq| Avi Avwd«Kvb-Av‡gwiKvb‡`i wbh©vZ‡bi gvÎv †e‡oB P‡j|

Ggwb mgq A`„k¨-Aïf kw³i Pµv‡š— wbnZ nb gvwU©b jy_vi wKs| Av‡iv wbnZ nb Malcolm X| AZci b_© Av‡gwiKvi Avwd«Kvb‡`i Dci AZ¨vPvi wbcxob †h

24

ïay Pi‡g †cŠ‡Q hvq Zv-B bq, eis GB AZ¨vPv‡ii wei“‡× Zv‡`i i“‡L `uvov‡bvi ¶gZvI n‡q c‡o ye©jZi| eZ©gvb we‡k¦ ˆbwZKZvi †h mvgwMÖK aŸm †b‡g‡Q Zv wb‡ ©k Ki‡Q †h msNe× †kvlK †Mvwôi wbg©g AZ¨vPv‡ii Kvi‡Y AvR †kvwlZiv cÖwZev` Kivi Avf¨š—wib Abyf~wZ Ges kvwiixK kw³ `yÕ‡UvB nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Q| Zviv †h †kvwlZ n‡”Q GB eySUyKyB Zv‡`i gv‡S Avi Aewkó †bB!

1970 mv‡j bb-BD‡ivcxqvb RbMY `je× n‡q bZyb Avš—R©vwZK A_©‰bwZK e¨e ’v ev New International Economic Order (NIEO) cÖwZôvi `vex Rvbvq hv‡Z K‡i gvbeRvwZ mZZv I wbi‡c¶Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g A_©‰bwZK wbh©vZb †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡`i GB ¯cœ I cwiKíbv GKBfv‡e e¨_©Zvi iƒc avib K‡i| G‡K G‡K mKj †Rviv‡jv e³e¨ I Av‡›`vjb e¨_© nq wKš‘ ye©vi MwZ‡Z GwM‡q P‡j wievhy³ ev my`x A_©bxwZ| d‡j cuywRev‡`i gva¨‡g `wi ª I wbt¯^ nIqvi cÖwµqv Ae¨vnZ _v‡K| abevbiv `wi`ª‡`i m¤ú`UyKy wQwb‡q wb‡q gnvRb n‡q e‡m| Ab¨w`‡K we‡k¦i `wi`ªiv F‡Yi fvi enb Ki‡Z Ki‡Z jyÚbKvix, cuywRev`x FY`vZv‡`i F‡Yi KvivMv‡i Ave× nq|

eûevi j¶‡KvwU RbZv Av‡›`vjbgyLi n‡q iv¯—vq †b‡g‡Q, mfv, mwgwZ I †mwgbvi g‡Â Av¸bSiv e³…Zvi eywj Swi‡q‡Q| wKš‘ kw³ai cuywRev` cÖ_v wbg©~‡ji e¨vcv‡i Kv‡Ri KvR wKQyB nqwb| aŸsm I wbh©vZ‡bi nvZ †_‡K wek¦ gvbeZvi gyw³ cvIqv‡Zv `y‡ii K_v, we›`yz cwigvY wbh©vZb I aŸsmjxjv jvNe Kiv m¤¢e nqwb| ZvB mKj Av‡›`vjb e¨_© n‡q Gfv‡eB cÖgvY K‡i‡Q KyiÕAvb-mybœvn& Z_v Avj(vn ZvÔAvjvi Øx‡bB i‡q‡Q mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi hveZxq Kj¨vY I gyw³| Avi ZvB my`x †jb‡`b Z_v A_©‰bwZK wbh©vZb †_‡K gyw³i hZ c_B gvbyl LyuRyK bv †Kb mKj †Póv-mvabvB e¨_©Zvi GK GKwU R¡jš— `„óvš— enb Ki‡e gvÎ| cÖK…Zc‡¶B †kvwlZ‡`i Ae ’vi w`‡b w`‡b AebwZ n‡q P‡j‡Q| †kvwlZ‡`i †bZv jyBm dviv Lvb (Louis Farah Khan) mn †Kvb †bZv w`K wb‡ ©kbvi †Kvb avibvB AvuP Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb Av_©-mvgvwRK †kvlY wbh©vZb †_‡K †kvwlZ‡`i gy³ Kivi| GB eB hLb wjLv n‡”Q †kvwlZ‡`i †bZv‡kªYx Øvibv Av‡qvwRZ‡mB j¶ gvby‡li c`hvÎvi cÖ_g evwl©Kx cvwjZ nw”Qj| wewfbœ AvbyôvwbKZvi ga¨ w`‡q| Z‡e †kvwlZ‡`i Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’vi we›`ygvÎ cwieZ©bI nqwb|

Avgv‡`i avibvq A_© e¨e ’vq b¨vqbxwZ cÖwZôvi j‡¶¨ mKj Kg©KvÛ e¨_© n‡ZB _vK‡e hZw`b bv gvbeRvwZ wb‡R‡`i c_ wb‡ ©kbvi Rb¨ AweK…Z †mB m‡Z¨i Drm KziÕAvb I mnxn nv`x‡mi Dci cwic~Y© Av ’v ivL‡e I wbf©ikxj n‡e| †Kbbv †KejgvÎ KziÕAvb-nv`xm †_‡KB gvbyl wiev I Ab¨ †h †Kvb A_©‰bwZK ˆel‡g¨i mgvavb wel‡q mZ¨-mwVK Z_¨ Rvb‡Z cvi‡e| GB MÖš’ †kvlK †Mvwôi AZ¨vPv‡ii †mB ¸ß †KŠkj duvm K‡i w`‡e| Avi Db¥y³ K‡i w`‡e †kvl‡Yi †mB kw³kvjx

25

A ¿‡K hv w`‡q Zviv gvbe RvwZi Mjvq †kvl‡Yi iwk Av‡iv L‡Vvifv‡e †e‡a w`‡Z m¶g| AZ¨š— cwiZv‡ci welq †h, †kvwlZ‡kªYxi †bZv‡`i wiev wel‡q mwVK Ávb †bB ej‡jB P‡j| A_©‰bwZK †kvlY-wbh©vZb †_‡K gyw³jvf mn gvbe Rxe‡bi †h †Kvb mgm¨v I mgvavb welqK Áv‡bi AweK…Z Drm i‡q‡Q GKgvÎ Bmjv‡g| ZvB wiev welqK mwVK Z_¨ †c‡Z n‡j mKj gvbyl‡K Aa¨qY Ki‡Z n‡e AweK…Z I wbf©yj Z‡_¨i Drm KziÕAvb Ges Avj(vn ZvÕAvjvi me©‡kl imyj gynvgvgv` (m.) Gi mnxn nv`xm (mybœvn)| 1

wiev wfwËK A_©‰bwZK wbh©vZb †iv‡a kvwš—c~Y© mgvav‡bi mKj c_ eÜ n‡q †M‡j weKí c_ Luy‡R †ei K‡i wiev ev my`gy³ A_©bxwZ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv gRjyg RbZv‡K gyw³ †`qvi j‡¶¨ wiev wbg~©j Av‡›`vj‡b kwiK nIqvi AvnŸvb G‡m‡Q ¯qs Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K (KyiÕAvb, 2:279), ZvB G AvnŸv‡bi ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e| †mB mv‡_ GB AvnŸv‡b mvov bv †`qvi cwiYwZ gymwjg D¤§vn&‡K ey‡S wb‡Z n‡e, †Kbbv Avj(vn& †hgb ingvbyi inxg †Zgwb gnv`gbKvixI e‡U (KyiÕAvb, 5:2)| GB Avqv‡Z gnv`gbKvix kã e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g Avj(vn&i †µv‡ai cwiPq †`qv n‡q‡Q| Bmjv‡gi wfwË I g~j welqe ‘ AR©b eR©b mewKQyB cÖwZwôZ GK gnvm‡Z¨i Dci| Avi gymwj‡gi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡ n‡jv me©ve ’vq AZ¨vPvi-wbcxo‡bi wei“‡× †mv”Pvi _vKv|2 1 cÖK…Zc‡¶ me© —‡i my`x †jb‡`b eqKU K‡i Av_©-mvgvwRK gyw³ I wbivcËv`v‡b mg‡qvc‡hvMx I mwVK w`K wb‡ ©kbv i‡q‡Q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi `x‡b| ZvB GKgvÎ KyiÕAvb I mybœvn& †_‡KB we‡k¦i mKj gvbyl †c‡Z cv‡i w`K wb‡ ©kbv Ges b¨vq-bxwZ, wePvi-dvqmvjv Ges wbivcËv-kvwš— wbwðZ K‡i wievi (my‡`i) wbh©vZb mn mKj AZ¨vPvi wbg©~‡ji mwVK wk¶v| G wel‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv imyjyj(vn& (m) †K m‡¤vab K‡i e‡j‡Qb: (†n gynv¤§`) †Zvgvi cÖwZ mZ¨ Øxbmn GB wKZve bvwhj K‡iwQ, (AweK…Z Ae ’vq) c~e©eZx© wKZv‡ei hv wKQz Zv‡`i mvg‡b gRyZ Av‡Q GB wKZve Zvi mZ¨Zv cÖgvYKvix Ges wndvRZKvix| AZGe †Zvgiv Avj;vn&i bvwhjK…Z AvBb-weavb Abyhvqx †jvK‡`i cvi¯úwiK hveZxq wel‡q dvqmvjv Ki, Avi †h gnv mZ¨ Øxb †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q bvwhj n‡q‡Q Zv †Q‡o w`‡q wb‡R‡`i †Lqvj-Lykxi AbymiY K‡iv bv| Avwg †Zvgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Rb¨ kvwiÕAvn& I Kg©cš’v wba©viY K‡i w`‡qwQ| AZGe mrKv‡R †Zvgiv mevB cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Ki †Kbbv Avj;vn&i Kv‡QB †Zv †Zvgv‡`i mK‡ji cÖZ¨veZ©b| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:48)| AwZ yt‡Li welq †h G‡Zv cwi¯‹vi I mywbw ©ó †NvlYvi ciI gymwjg D¤§vn e›`x n‡q iB‡jv AZ¨vPvix, jyÚbKvix my`‡Lvi cuywRev`x‡`i my`x F‡Yi KvivMv‡i| †h RvwZi Kv‡Q KyiÕAv‡bi gZ gnvm¤ú` i‡q‡Q Zviv AvR Ki“YvcÖv_x©, AvkªqcÖv_x© Ggb GK †Mvwôi Kv‡Q hv‡`i Kv‡Q mwVK Ávb I wk¶vi Rb¨ AweK…Z †Kvb wKZve †bB| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Aewkó i‡q‡Q Áv‡bi weK…Z Drm gvÎ| Gme AZ¨vPvix, jyÚbKvix `‡ji wjWvi‡`i wiev wel‡q mwVK Ávb †bB ej‡jB P‡j| G wel‡q Rvb‡Z n‡j Zv‡`i‡K Bmjvwg Ávb fvÛv‡ii g~j I weï× Drm KyiÕAvb-mybœvn Aa¨qb Ki‡Z n‡e †hb Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Aïf Kg©KvÛ wb‡R‡`iB †Pv‡L aiv c‡o|

2 Avj(vn& myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjv gymwjg D¤§vn‡K wb‡ ©k w`‡”Qb:

†Zvgiv n‡j m‡e©vËg D¤§vn& (RvwZ); †Zvgv‡`i‡K †e‡Q †bqv n‡q‡Q gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y (m‡Pó _vKvi) Rb¨| †Zvgiv mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k Ki‡e Ges Ab¨vq-Amr Kv‡R evav w`‡e Ges Avj;vn&i cÖwZ Cgvb gReyZ ivL‡e| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:110 I 104)|

[eZ©gv‡b †Kvb †Kvb gymwjg e¨w³MZfv‡e ïaygvÎ mIqve AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ivZ-w`b wewfbœ Bev`v‡Z wbgMœ i‡q‡Qb| G‡Z Kj¨vY i‡q‡Q Zv‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB wKš‘ Øx‡bi `vIqvZ I mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k `vb Ges Ab¨vq Kv‡R evav`v‡bi wb‡ ©k‡K Agvb¨ Kivi Kvi‡Y cÖZviYv, IRb I gv‡c ZviZg¨ Kiv I my`x Kg©KvÛ, Nyl cÖ_v, e¨vwfPvi BZ¨vw` mgvR weaŸsmx msµgb¸wj µgk †e‡o wM‡q AvR GK fqsKi Ae ’vi m„wó K‡i‡Q|

26

GKwbô gymwjg, hviv Bmjvwg Av‡›`vj‡bi †Kvb bv †Kvb `‡ji mv‡_ m¤ú„³, †hgb evsjv‡`‡ki wekvj ZvejxwM RvgvÔAvZ Ges modern-day Salafis, Zv‡`i‡K mZK©Zvi mv‡_ j¶¨ Ki‡Z n‡e m~iv Avj gvEb (m~iv bs 107)-Gi e³e¨| Zviv `y ’ gvbeZvi Kj¨v‡Y wb‡Riv GwM‡q Avmv‡Zv y‡ii K_v Ab¨‡`i‡KI GKv‡R evav w`‡q †eovq| GB m~ivq gybvwdK‡`i e¨vcv‡iI eY©bv i‡q‡Q hviv evn¨Z gymwjg e‡j cwiwPZ, wKš‘ AvwLiv‡Zi cÖwZ, `„p wek¦v‡mi Afv‡e Avj(vn&i Av‡`k wb‡ ©k †g‡b Zuvi mš‘wó AR©‡bi e¨vcviwU D`vmxbZvi mv‡_ D‡c¶v I Agvb¨ K‡i P‡j| Zv‡`i GB AvPiY Bmjvg‡K A¯xKvi KiviB mvwgj|

wiev ev my` Ggb GKwU mvgvwRK e¨wa hv gvby‡li gv‡S ¯v_©ciZv, msKxY©Zv, wbg©gZv, K…cYZv GgbwK wbôyiZv I b„ksmZvi Rb¥ †`q| my` gvbyl‡K Kg© wegyL K‡i iv‡L| KviY webv kª‡g my`x jvf cvIqv hvq e‡j gvbyl Ki&‡h nvmvbv ev e¨emvq wewb‡qv‡Mi gZ Kj¨vYKi Kv‡R UvKv bv LvwU‡q e¨vs‡K Rgv iv‡L| ZvB wiev (my`) ïay Avj-KyiÕAv‡bB nvivg ev wbwl× †NvwlZ nqwb eis wiev ev my` nvivg welqK †NvlYv c~e©eZx© bex imyjM‡Yi kwiq‡ZI wQj| gymv (Av)-Gi wKZve ZIivZ, Cmv (Av)-Gi wKZve BwÄj Ges `vD` (Av)-Gi wKZve hey‡iI my` nvivg wQj hv weK…Z K‡i †djv nq| 1

eZ©gv‡b Avgiv Ggb GK µvwš—Kvj cvi KiwQ †hLv‡b bxwZ I g~j¨‡ev‡ai Ae ’vb †bB ej‡jB P‡j| mZZv, GKwbôZv, mZ¨wbôZv, ci¯úi gneŸZ I cvwievwiK `„p eÜb AvR wkw_j n‡q c‡o‡Q| d‡j mviv wek¦ †_‡K Cgvb`xß gymwjg‡`i msL¨v wejyß n‡q P‡j‡Q| wKqvg‡Zi AvjvgZ m¤ú‡K© ûhvBdv (iv)-Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: GKRb gvbyl Nywg‡q co‡e Avi Zvi Aš—i †_‡K mZZv D‡V hv‡e, †h

1 c~e©eZx© wKZve¸wj fÛ ag©RvhK‡`i Øviv weK…Z nIqvi Kvi‡Y Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv me©‡kl Avmgvbx wKZve Avj-KyiÕAvb wndvR‡Zi `vwqZ¡ wb‡Ri Kv‡Q wb‡q wb‡q‡Qb| Bikv` n‡”Q: wbðqB Avwg Dc‡`kc~Y© KyiÕAvb bvwhj K‡iwQ Ges wbðqB AvwgB Gi wndvRZ (msi¶Y) Kvix| (m~iv wnRi, 15:9)|

c~e©eZx© wKZve GLb Avi AweK…Z Ae ’vq cvIqv hvq bv| Bûw`-bvmviv †bZ…e„›` Gme wKZve‡K wbR wbR myweav Abyhvqx ms‡hvRb, we‡qvRb I cwigvR©b K‡i wb‡q‡Q, Z_vwc Lªxóa‡g©i DrcwËi ïi“ †_‡K ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vj‡bi Afy¨Ìvb Ges †iv‡g †cv‡ci AvIZvaxb PvP© (MxR©v) n‡Z Ab¨vb¨ Pv‡P©i wefw³Kvj ch©š— my` wbwl× wQj e‡j Rvbv hvq| Avi cwieZ©‡bi c‡iI evB‡e‡ji cyivZb wbqg ev Old Testament-G GLbI my` wbwl×Zvi K_v D‡j(L i‡q‡Q| GB cwieZ©b I cwigvR©‡bi Kvi‡YB my`x-A_©e¨e ’v wek¦ gvbeZv wba‡b gnv cÖZvc wb‡q GwM‡q P‡j‡Q|

[Bûw`-bvmviviv fvjfv‡eB Rv‡b †h gymwj‡gi Cgvb n‡jv me©‡kªô ¶gZvai nvwZqvi| GB Cgvb bó bv K‡i gymwjg‡`i ev‡M Avbv m¤¢e n‡e bv KviY gymwjgiv mn‡R bwZ ¯xKvi Kivi cvÎ bq| Zviv GUvI Abyaveb Ki‡Z †c‡iwQj †h KyiÕAvb I mybœvn& gymwj‡gi wk¶v I Cgvbx ‡PZbvi g~j Drm| ZvB Zviv GKw`‡K `xwb wk¶v e¨e ’v‡K ¶gZv I †KŠk‡j Avg~j cwieZ©b K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Aciw`‡K Øx‡bi Avjxg wbab Awfhvb Pvwj‡q nvRvi nvRvi Avjxg‡`i nZ¨v K‡i wKsev Kviv wbe©vmb w`‡q gymwjg D¤§vn&‡K Øxwb wk¶v e¨e ’v †_‡K ewÂZ Kivi `xN© ’vqx e‡›`ve¯— K‡i wb‡q‡Q|

27

mvgvb¨ mZZvUyKy Nyg †_‡K RvMvi ci Aewkó _vK‡e Zvi D`vniY n‡jv GKwU †QvÆ Kv‡jv `v‡Mi mgvb| AZci †m hLb Avevi Nygv‡Z hv‡e †mB mvgvb¨ cwigvY mZZv †_‡KI K‡g wM‡q hv evKx _vK‡e Zv n‡jv Zvi cv‡q GKwU R¡jš— A½vi c‡o †dv¯‹vi Kvi‡Y †hUyKy dy‡j D‡V †mB cwigvY| GB †dv¯‹vi Kvi‡Y †hUyKy dy‡j DV‡e gvbyl ïay †mUyKyB †`L‡Z cv‡e| wKš‘ Avm‡j †fZ‡i wKQzB cvIqv hv‡e bv| †jv‡Kiv e¨emv cwiPvjbv Ki‡e wKš‘ wek¦ — †jvK cvIqv KwVb n‡e| ZLb ejv n‡e AgyK †Mv‡Î GKRb mr‡jvK Av‡Q| hv‡K wb‡q Ab¨iv ejvewj Ki‡e KZ Ávbx, f`ª Ges mvnmx I kw³kvjx †m †jvKwU Ñ hw`I Zvi Aš—‡i Cgv‡bi cwigvY GKwU mwilvi mgvb n‡e bv| (wZiwghx, 4:2182 c„ 521-522 Bdvev )|

AvR‡Ki cwiw ’wZ ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †KD †KD mn‡RB nq‡Zv †g‡b †b‡eb †h, nv`x‡m ewY©Z Ae ’v eZ©gv‡bB weivRgvb i‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB ÔwievÕi Kvi‡Y m„ó ˆbwZKZv I g~j¨‡ev‡ai Ae¶q Ges wievi cÖ‡Kvc wb‡RB wKqvg‡Zi AvjvgZ enb Ki‡Q| AvRKvj wek¦ — †jvK cvIqv LyeB `y®‹i| 1

my`‡Lvi Cgvbnviv †jvK¸wji ˆbwZKZvi GZUvB AacZb n‡q‡Q †h, GwZg, y ’, Amnvq‡`i m¤ú` Pzwi wKsev jyU Ki‡ZI AvR Zviv fq wKsev j¾v‡eva nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Q|

BD‡ivcxq‡`i g‡a¨ gynv¤§` Avmv` Ggb fqsKi †jv‡fi bgybv †`‡L‡Qb hv KyiÕAvbyj Kix‡gi m~iv Kvn&d (m~iv bs 18) Ges Ab¨vb¨ m~ivq eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| gynv¤§` Avmv` Zvi Road to Mecca MÖ‡š’ wj‡L‡Qb: Ò†jvf gvby‡li ¯fveRvZ cÖe„wË| cÖwZ hy‡Mi gvby‡li gv‡SB †jvf we`¨gvb wQj| wKš‘ eZ©gvb hy‡Mi †jvf-jvjmvi gvÎv Ggb GK ch©v‡q †cŠ‡Q‡Q hv mKj hy‡Mi †jvf-jvjmvi cwiwa‡K nvi gvbvq| GKRb‡K Qvwo‡q AciRb Av‡iv †ekx A_©-m¤ú` evov‡bvi †gvn I A`g¨ †jvf gvbyl‡K Ab¨ mKj wel‡qi cÖwZ AÜ evwb‡q w`‡q‡Q| gvbyl †KejB m¤ú‡`i cvnvo M‡o †Zvjvi Kv‡R e¨¯—| AvR hv Av‡Q AvMvgxKvj Zvi †P‡q Av‡iv †ekx PvB, AvMvgx ciï Av‡iv †ekx| †jv‡fi Pvwn`v Ggbfv‡e †e‡o P‡j‡Q †hb GK gnv`vbe gvby‡li Nv‡o †P‡c e‡m PveyK †g‡i Amxg †jv‡fi iv‡R¨ nuvwK‡q wb‡q P‡j‡Q| RvMwZK mKj wKQy ynv‡Z AR©bB AvR‡Ki gvby‡li g~j j¶¨|

1 gvbeZvi wg_¨v †k(vMv‡bi gva¨‡g ˆbwZKZv I gvbeZv weaŸsmx Kg©KvÛ Pvwj‡q Cgvb nviv Kw_Z gymwj‡gi msL¨v evov‡bvi cÖwµqv Pj‡Q| A`g¨ †jvf-jvjmv I †fvM-wejvwmZv c~Y© Rxeb hvc‡b Af¨¯— n‡q gymwjgiv e¨qeûj Rxeb hvÎv †e‡Q wb‡q‡Q| evowZ GB e¨qfvi mvgvj †`qvi Rb¨ nvjvj nviv‡gi evQ wePvi bv K‡i †h †hfv‡e, †hw`K †_‡K cvi‡Q yÕnv‡Z DcvR©‡bi av›`vq PwK©i gZ Ny‡i †eov‡”Q|

A`g¨ G †jvf‡K Av‡iv evov‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †fvM¨c‡Y¨i mgvnvi wbZ¨ bZyb †gvo‡K, wbZ¨ bZyb mv‡R †jvfbxq, †gvnbxq fv‡e Dc ’vwcZ n‡”Q| AZci gvbeRvwZ‡K

28

AvK…ó Kivi Rb¨ †m me cY¨ evRv‡i Avm‡Q †hb gvby‡li †Pv‡Li I g‡bi ¶yav Ke‡i

hvIqvi c~e© gyûZ© ch©š— wbe©vwcZ bv nq| Aek¨B, Zywg hw` Rvb‡Z Zvn‡j †Kvb& Rvnvbœv‡g AvQ, Zv Zzwg †`L‡Z †c‡Z|2

gymwj‡gi Rb¨ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wbÔAvgvZ I ingZ ¯iƒc KyiÕAvb I mybœvn& Av‡Q Ges wKqvgZ ch©š— _vK‡e| Avgiv g‡b Kwi wn`vqvZ jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ KyiÕAvb Aa¨qb K‡i †mgZ Rxeb M‡o wb‡q Avj(vn&i mš‘wó AR©‡bi cÖ‡Póv Avgiv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cvi‡ev| ZvB Avgv‡`i cÖ_g KvR n‡jv KyiÕAvb-mybœvn& Aa¨qb K‡i KyiÕAvb I mybœvni w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Kiv| KyiÕAvb †_‡K wn`vqvZ jvf Ki‡Z PvB‡j KyiÕAvb‡K MvBWeyK wn‡m‡eB MY¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| c~‡e©i bvwhjK…Z mKj wKZv‡e Cgvb †i‡L me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z wKZve Avj-KyiÕAv‡bi cÖ_g †_‡K †kl ch©š— cÖwZwU AvqvZ GgbwK cÖwZwU k‡ãi A_© ey‡S Zvi cÖwZ `„p wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e myweavgZ, GKwU †Q‡o Ab¨wUi Dci wek¦vm I Avgj Ki‡j Cgv‡bi kZ© f½ n‡q hvq| e ‘ev`x `ywbqvq †jvf jvjmv I †fvM wejvwmZvi †gvn KvwU‡q DV‡Z bv cvivi Kvi‡Y hviv KyiÕAv‡bi mvgvb¨ wKQy Ask‡KI B”QvK…Zfv‡e D‡c¶v Ki‡Q, Zviv †hb cwic~Y© gyÕwgb nIqvi welqwU ¸i“‡Z¡i mv‡_ †f‡e †`‡Lb| eZ©gvb ywbqvi jvjmv I †fv‡Mi mgy‡ ªi g‡a¨ †_‡K KyiÕAvb mybœvn&q Cgvb Avbv Ges Avj(vn&i cÖwZwU wewa weavb †g‡b Pjvi Rb¨ AZxe mei I mvnwmKZvi cÖ‡qvRb G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB| Avj(vn&i weavb cvjb mnR bv KwVb, Zv wbf©i K‡i Cgv‡bi gReywZ Z_v Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMi‡Yi Dci| GKRb mwZ¨Kvi gyÕwgb-gymwj‡gi Rb¨ wiev eR©b‡Zv e‡UB, Ab¨ †h †Kvb wewa wb‡la †g‡b PjvB Avj(vn& mnR K‡i †`b| cÖ‡qvRb ïay Avj(vn&i mš‘wói j‡¶¨ GKwbô fv‡e cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q hvIqv Ges †Kvb fyj K‡i †dj‡j ZvIev K‡i KyiÕAv‡bi w`‡K cybivq wd‡i Avmv|

Avgv‡`i g‡Z wiev wbwl×KiY‡K eyS‡Z cvivi, Z_v Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMi‡Yi, wjUgvm cix¶v wbwnZ i‡q‡Q yÕwU wel‡qi mv‡_: (1) wiev ev my`wfwËK wek¦ A_© e¨e ’v; Ges (2) ag©wbi‡c¶Zvi bv‡g mªóvwegyL ivR‰bwZK wki&K cÖwZôv| eZ©gvb wek¦ gymwjg‡`i Cgvbx cix¶vi †h fq¼i P¨v‡jÄ Quy‡o w`‡q‡Q cÖ_‡gB Zv Abyaveb Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i G yÕwU wel‡qi gyKvwejvq Dchy³ e¨e ’v MÖnY Kiv hvq| wiev nvivg nIqvi †hŠw³KZv Dcjwä Kivi ci Avkv Kiv hvq gvbyl Ggb GK Rxeb

2 Muhammad Asad, ‘Road to Mecca’. Islamic Book Trust. Kuala Lumpur,

1996. p. 310. ÒAek¨B, Zywg hw` Rvb‡Z Zvn‡j †Kvb& Rvnvbœv‡g AvQ, Zv Zywg †`L‡Z †c‡ZÓ ─ K_vwU m~iv ZvKvmy‡ii 6 bs AvqvZ †_‡K †bqv|

29

c×wZi AvKv•¶v Ki‡e hv‡Z _vK‡e Cgvb I mr Avgj Kivi cwi‡ekmn Rxe‡bi mKj wel‡qi myôy mgvav‡b m¶g Bmjvwg weavb, hvi Øviv gvbeRvwZi mZ¨ mwVK c_Pjvi w`K wb‡ ©kbv cvIqv hvq| Avi †m w`K wb‡`©kbvi gva¨‡g gvbyl wkL‡Z cv‡i G hgvbvi †bK‡o‡`i Kej †_‡K †glcv‡ji msi¶Y, †mB mv‡_ Zv‡`i jvjb cvjb, I Dbœq‡bi wbqg-weavb|

AvR‡Ki `ywbqvq Ggb †jvKI Av‡Q hviv wb‡R‡`i‡K †glcvjK wn‡m‡e `vex K‡i wKš‘ †bK‡o †_‡K †glcvj msi¶‡Yi cÖ‡Póv Kiv Zv‡`i Rb¨ Am¤¢e e¨vcvi, KviY Zviv †bK‡o wP‡bB bv| Avevi †Kvb †Kvb †jvK Av‡Q hviv †bK‡oi `‡ji mv‡_ åvZ…‡Z¡i e܇b Ave× n‡q †bK‡o `‡ji Ôbyb Lvq ZvB ¸Y MvqÕ| G ai‡bi AÁZv I ¯v_©ciZvi Kvi‡Y Gme †glcvjK †Mvwô †glcv‡ji jvjb cvjb I wbivcËv weav‡b wb‡qvwRZ bv †_‡K eis cv‡ji †gl¸wj‡K GK GK K‡i mivmwi †bK‡oi gy‡L Zy‡j †`q| GgbwK hviv gymwjg D¤§vni †bZ…e„›` e‡j `vex K‡ib ZvivI wb‡e©v‡ai gZ wek¦vmNvZK †m‡R `ywbqv †_‡K Øxb-Bmjvg Acmvi‡Yi loh‡š¿ †b‡g‡Qb| AwaKvsk gymwjg miKvi wiev ev my‡`i iv‡R¨ AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i F‡Yi †evSv gv_vq wb‡q †¯”Qvq `vm‡Z¡i k„sL‡j Ave× n‡q‡Q| hw` bv wek¦evmx KyiÕAvb-mybœvni w`‡K cªZ¨veZ©b K‡i Ges KyiÕAv‡bi AweK…Z I g~j Drm †_‡K Ávb AvniY K‡i mwVK c‡_i w`kv Zvjv‡k m‡Pó nq, hw` bv KyiÕAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K e¨w³ I mgvR Rxeb M‡o †Zv‡j, Zvn‡j Zviv †h ïay Ac~iYxq ¶wZi g‡a¨ wbgw¾Z n‡e Zv-B bq eis Pig `vwi‡`ªi Ke‡j c‡o ci¯ú‡i AZ¨vPvi, Drcxob Pvwj‡q hv‡e, Ges i³cvZ I nvbvnvwb‡Z wjß n‡q co‡e| Avi ZLb AvR‡Ki GB `ywbqv gvbeZv aŸs‡mi jxjvf~wg‡Z cwiYZ n‡e|

M‡elYv c×wZ Bmjv‡g wiev‡K nvivg ev wbwl×Ki‡Yi †NvlYv G‡m‡Q m„wóKZ©v, cvjbKZ©v, wek¦PivP‡ii gvwjK ¯qs Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K| Avi wiev (my`) wbwl×Ki‡Yi welqwU ¯úó fvlvq wjwce× i‡q‡Q KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g hv GKgvÎ AweK…Z Avmgvbx wKZve wnmv‡e eZ©gvb i‡q‡Q; †h wKZve Zvi g~j Ae ’vq AvRI Av‡Q Ges wKqvgvZ ch©š— _vK‡e, hv Avj(vni c¶ †_‡K AvR †Z‡K †PŠÏkZ eQi c~‡e© bvwhj n‡qwQj| ZvB †h‡Kvb gyÕwgb-gymwj‡gi GgbwK †h †Kvb gvby‡li Aa¨qb I M‡elYvi Ab¨Zg cÖavb I g~j Drm nIqv DwPZ Avj-KyiÕAvb|

†m Kvi‡Y KyiÕAvb‡KB Avgiv Avgv‡`i M‡elYvi g~j Drm wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡iwQ| Avgiv KyiÕAvb †_‡K ïay welqwfwËK Av‡jvPbvB Kwiwb eis G wel‡qi ch©vqµwgK avivevwnKZv, HwZnvwmK †cÖ¶vcU I †m mKj AvqvZ bvwh‡ji KviY I welqe¯‘ wb‡q M‡elYv g~jK e¨vL¨v cÖ vb K‡iwQ| wievi welqwU ch©vqµ‡g wZbwU mg‡qi

30

†cÖ¶vc‡U wZbwU ¯—‡i bvwhj n‡qwQj| gnvÁvbx Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv wievi (my‡`i) welqwU‡K ch©vqµwgKfv‡e Dc ’vcb K‡i gvbyl‡K Gi aŸsmvZ¥K ¶wZ m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb K‡i‡Qb Ges wiev‡K nviv‡gi Pyovš— †NvlYv w`‡q `ywbqv †_‡K G‡K wbg©~j Kivi wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb| KyiÕAv‡bi c‡iB mZ¨wbf©i I ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ÁvbvR©‡bi Drm n‡jv gnvbex gynv¤§` (m)-Gi mybœvn&, hv nv`xm bv‡g mycwiwPZ| †m Kvi‡Y wiev (my`) wbwl×Ki‡Yi wel‡q mybœvni Av‡jvPbvI Avgiv ch©vqµ‡g Zy‡j a‡iwQ| `yÕwU we‡kl Kvi‡Y wiev‡K nvivg ev wbwl×Ki‡Yi wel‡q GB MÖš’ iPbvq Avgiv Ab¨ †Kvb Drm e¨envi Kivi †Póv Kwiwb| cÖ_gZ, Ab¨vb¨ Drm †_‡K cvIqv eB¸wj mgmvgwqK A_© e¨e ’vq wiev Øviv m„ó P¨v‡jÄ I ¶wZKi w`K¸wj‡K Dc ’vcb bv K‡i wØavMÖ — e³e¨ I weåvwš—Ki Z_¨ cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| wØZxqZ, eB¸wj wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYvi e¨vcv‡i AvBb welqK Ø›Ø I RwUjZv m„wó K‡i Gi ¶wZKi w`K¸wj h_vh_fv‡e Dc ’vcb Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q|1 Avgiv weKí †Kvb A_©‰bwZK g‡Wj ˆZix Kivi †Póv Kwiwb| KviY eZ©gvb A_© e¨e ’vi cy‡ivUvB cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q wievi (my‡`i) Dci| Avi GB my`x A_© e¨e ’vi GKkZ fvMB i‡q‡Q jyÚbKvix cuywRev`x‡`i wbqš¿‡Y| g~jZ Bmjv‡gi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv ¯”QZv I gy³evRvi A_©bxwZi gva¨‡g aŸsmvZ¥K my`x †jb‡`‡bi gy‡jvrcvUb K‡i Bmjvwg e¨emv I evwYR¨ bxwZ cwiPvjbv Kiv| Avi G‡Z †KvbB m‡›`n †bB †h GKgvÎ KyiÕAv‡bi AvBb-weavb I `Ûwewa cÖeZ©bB ¯”Q I Revew`wnZvg~jK gy³ evwYR¨ cybi“×vi Ki‡Z m¶g | Avgv‡`i cÖ —vebv: †h mKj gymwjg eZ©gv‡b my`x c×wZ‡Z A_©-wewb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i Rb¨ weKí wewb‡qv‡Mi e¨e ’v Kiv|2

1 d‡j AwaKvsk Drm¸wjB wiev wbwl×KiY I wek¦ A_©e¨e ’v †_‡K wiev‡K eqK‡Ui wel‡q †Rviv‡jv e³e¨¸wj‡K cvk KvwU‡q wiev Øviv m„ó welv³ cwi‡ek‡K nvjKvfv‡e Dc ’vcb K‡i‡Q, hv †_‡K mwVK Ávb AR©b I w`K wb‡ ©kbv cvIqv yiƒn e¨vcvi e‡j Avgiv g‡b K‡iwQ| GB MÖ‡š’ Ggb †Kvb welq ev Ggb Kv‡iv e³e¨ Aš—f©y³ Kiv nqwb hviv nK I evwZj‡K GKmv‡_ wgwk‡q †d‡j‡Qb| wKsev Avjv`x‡bi †Piv‡Mi ¯ú‡k© evwZj cš’vq wb‡R‡`i ZK`xi cwieZ©‡b wek¦vmx nIqvi gv‡SI Øx‡bi Aby‡gv`b i‡q‡Q GB ai‡bi `vex K‡i my`x wewb‡qv‡Mi Askx`vi n‡q‡Qb|

2 Avi Cgvbx †PZbvq ejxqvb n‡q me©ve ’vq my` eR©b I cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi m‡e©v”P †Póv Pvwj‡q hvIqv|A_©‰bwZK mybœvn&‡K mvg‡b †i‡L mybœZx Rxeb hvc‡b Af¨¯— nIqvi †Póv Kiv| Avi AcPq, wejvwmZv I cÖe„wË c~Rvi gva¨‡g e¨qeûj Rxebhvcb †_‡K wb‡R‡K Ges Avn&j cwiRb‡K euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q hvIqv|

gymwjgMY †hb †Kvb Ae ’v‡ZB evox, Mvox wKsev Ab¨ †h †Kvb wKQy †Kbvi Rb¨ e¨vsK Z_v my`x FY e¨e ’vq bv hvb eis Avj(vn&i weav‡b Kv‡qg _vKvi Rb¨

31

m‡e©v”P mei K‡ib Ges weKí nvjvj e¨e ’v MÖn‡Y Avj(vni mnvqZv Kvgbv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| G MÖ‡š’ Av‡iv †h mKj wel‡q eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvn‡jv Ôwiev I `vi“j nvieÕ| wKQy wKQy cwÛZ g‡b K‡ib, Av‡gwiKv ev Abyiƒc †`k¸wj Ô`vi“j nvieÕ weavq †mmKj †`‡k wievi wbwl×KiY cÖ‡hvR¨ bq| GB `vexi wei“‡× Avgiv †Rviv‡jv cÖwZev` Dc ’vcb K‡iwQ| KviY mviv `ywbqvq hLb `vi“j Bmjv‡gi Aw¯—Z¡ †bB †mLv‡b `vi“j nvie-Gi cÖkœ †Zvjv Aevš—i| Bivb I my`vb `vi“j Bmjvg wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡Z cviZ, hw` Zviv RvwZms‡Ni wbivcËv cwil‡`i P~ovšÍ KZ©„Z¡‡K †g‡b †bqv †_‡K wb‡R‡`i‡K gy³ ivL‡Z cviZ| KviY, me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix Avj(vn& Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv c‡¶ mywcÖg A_wiUx `vex Kiv †hgb wki&K, Ab¨ KvD‡K mywcÖg A_wiUx wn‡m‡e †g‡b †bqvI †Zgwb wki&K|1 gymwjg mgv‡R Ggb m¤ú`kvjx e¨w³‡`i Afve †bB hviv ˆea-A‰ea mKj Dcv‡q m¤ú` Av‡nviY K‡i‡Qb Ges wbR cQ›`gZ avwg©KZv †`Lv‡Z wcQcv nb bv| Zviv cyuwRevRv‡i Z_vKw_Z nvjvj wewb‡qvM Kivi c_ LyuR‡Z _v‡Kb| ejv evûj¨, Zv‡`i‡K g~j¨evb Ges `¶Zvc~Y© mnvqZv w`‡Z cv‡ib Ggb A_©bxwZ wekvi‡`i AvR Avi Afve †bB| me‡k‡l ej‡Z nq †h GB M‡š’i cÖwZwU welq eyS‡Z cviv nqZ mnR bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Avkv Kiv hvq †h GLv‡b Ggb †Kvb Z_¨ Dc ’vwcZ nqwb hv weZ‡K©i Rb¥ w`‡q cvVK‡K m‡Z¨i cÖZ¨vLv‡bi w`‡K cwiPvwjZ Ki‡e| Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi, Mfxi wPšÍv, a¨vb I h_vh_ M‡elYvi gvbwmKZv wb‡q `yÔAv Ki‡j Avj(vn ieŸyj Avjvgxb wbðqB Zvi ing‡Zi `„wó Avgv‡`i w`‡K cÖmvwiZ Ki‡eb| Avgv‡`i‡K mZ¨ mwVK G‡jg `vb K‡i nK c‡_ Pjvi ZIwdK `vb Ki‡eb| KviY wZwb AvnŸvbKvixi Wv‡K mvov †`b|2 Gevi Avgiv GB MÖ‡š’i g~j welqe ‘i w`‡K GwM‡q hvB Ges wievi h_v_© msÁv †`evi †Póv Kwi| 1 wki&K Kyd‡i AvKÚ Wy‡e _vKvi Kvi‡Y mviv we‡k¦i gymwjgMY KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡gi wbqg-weavb cwieZ©b K‡iB P‡j‡Q| D‡j(L¨ †h KyiÕAvb I mnxn nv`x‡m Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges Zuvi imyj (m) †h mKj welq nvivg †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb Zv wKqvgvZ ch©š— nvivg _vK‡e| †Kvb e¨w³, mgvR ev ivóª hLb †mUv‡K nvjvj †NvlYv K‡i wKsev nvjvj †NvlYv `v‡bi †Póv K‡i ZLb †m e¨w³, mgvR ev ivóª wki&‡K wjß nq| ZvB †h mKj ivóª jUvix, Ryqv, my`, Nyl, e¨wfPvi cY©MÖvdx (Ak(xj Qwe cÖ k©b) BZ¨vw` Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †NvlYvK…Z nvivg‡K AvBb K‡i wKsev Mv‡qi †Rv‡i †h †Kvb Dcv‡qB †nvK nvjvj ev ˆea evwb‡q wb‡q‡Q Zviv ïay Kydix bq wki&‡Ki duv‡`I e›`x i‡q‡Q, G‡Z m‡›`n †bB| Avi GUvB KyiÕAvb‡K Aegvbbv Kiv Ges KyiÕAv‡bi mv‡_ Kydix Ges gybv‡dKx| wewfbœfv‡e KyiÕAvb‡K Aegvbbv Kivi Kvi‡Y gymwjg D¤§vn& †h Pig g~j¨ cwi‡kva K‡i P‡j‡Q Zv AvR w`ev‡jv‡Ki gZ cwi¯‹vi| Ab¨vb¨ eû Mybvn&i mv‡_ mv‡_ mviv we‡k¦i gymwjg‡`i †MvUv A_©‰bwZK RxebB wiev iƒcx wdrbvq †Q‡q †M‡Q| ZvB ïay ivóª bq mviv gymwjg D¤§vn& wiev, Kydi I wki&‡Ki gv‡S e›`x n‡q i‡q‡Q| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb: wbðqB wki&K n‡jv gnv Ryjyg| (m~iv jyKgvb, 31:13)| wbðqB Avj;vn& gvd K‡ib bv (ZvIev Qvov) wki&‡Ki ¸bvn&| (m~iv wbmv, 4:48 I 116)| 2 Bikv` n‡”Q: Avgvi †Kvb ev›`v hLb Avcbv‡K Avgvi e¨vcv‡i wR‡Ám K‡i (†n bex Avcwb e‡j w`b) Avwg Zvi GKvš— Kv‡QB AvwQ, Avwg AvnŸvbKvixi Wv‡K mvov w`B hLbB Avgv‡K †m Wv‡K| ZvB Zv‡`iI DwPr Avgvi AvnŸv‡b mvov †`qv Ges Avgvi DciB Cgvb Avbv| hv‡Z K‡i Zviv mwVK c‡_i w`kv cvq| (m~iv evKviv, 2:186)|

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wØZxq Aa¨vq: wievi msÁv m¤¢eZ Ggb †Kvb AvaywbK cwÛZ †bB whwb ev¯—eZvi wbwi‡L wievi (my‡`i) fqvbK ¶wZKi iƒc I Zvi cÖK…wZ m¤ú‡K© wjIcj&W IqvBh (Leopold Weiss)-Gi †P‡q AwaK ÁvZ Av‡Qb| wZwb Rb¥my‡Î Bûw` wQ‡jb Ges 1926 mv‡j gynv¤§` Avmv` bvg avi‡Yi gva¨‡g Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib| Road to Mecca bvgK Mª‡š’ wZwb GKRb gymwjg wn‡m‡e Zuvi RxebhvÎv AwZ PgrKvifv‡e dywU‡q Zy‡j‡Qb| Bs‡iRx fvlvq iwPZ KyiÕAv‡bi Zvdmx‡i (The Message of the Quran) wZwb wiev welqK KyiÕAv‡bi eY©bv I wb‡`©kvejx `¶ I m„Rbkxj gb wb‡q mdjZvi mv‡_ e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| wievi gZ GKwU RwUj wel‡qi Mfx‡i GZUv mdjfv‡e Zvi XyK‡Z cvivi †cQ‡b g~j inm¨ n‡jv, Bûw` Rxe‡b BD‡ivcxq mgv‡Ri my`x A_©bxwZi mv‡_ Zvi m¤ú„³Zvi ev¯—e AwfÁZv|

GLv‡b gynv¤§` Avmv‡`i Zvdmxi nÕ‡Z wievi msÁv I wiev msµvš— e¨vL¨v-we‡k(lY Zy‡j †`qv n‡jv| kãMZ ev fvlvMZ w`K †_‡K wiev ej‡Z †hvM Kiv eySvq, cÖv_wgK Ae ’v †_‡K †Kvb c‡Y¨i cwigvY ev AvKv‡i e„w× cvIqv‡K eySvq| KyiÕAv‡bi cwifvlvq †h‡Kvb A‰ea I †eAvBbx Dcv‡q ev Ab¨ †KvbcÖKvi myweav‡fv‡Mi gva¨‡g g~ja‡bi cwigvY ev AvKvi e„w× Kiv wievi AvIZvfy³| †Kvb m¤ú` ev A_© Aci †Kvb e¨w³‡K avi w`‡q my‡`i gva¨‡g webvkª‡g g~j A_© ev c‡Y¨i AvKvi ev cwigvY‡K e„w× KivB ÔwievÕ|

Bmjv‡gi cÖv_wgK hy‡M weivRgvb Av_©-mvgvwRK †cÖ¶vcU we‡ePbv K‡i ZrKvjxb gymwjg AvBb-weavb cÖ‡YZvMY (Jurists) ÔwievÕ ej‡Z my‡`i gva¨‡g g~ja‡bi mv‡_ A‰ea cš’vq evowZ †hvM Kiv A_©-m¤ú`‡K eywS‡q‡Qb| g~jZ FY`v‡bi gva¨‡g, my‡`i nvi Kg‡ekx hv-B †nvK, webvkª‡g A‰ea Dcv‡q g~ja‡bi †P‡q AwZwi³ A_© m¤ú` Av`vq Kiv‡KB wiev ejv nq|

wiev msµvš— e„n`vKvi eB-cy¯—K Aa¨qb I M‡elYv g~jK wewea e¨vL¨v-we‡k(lY Kiv m‡Z¡I Bmjvwg cwÛZMY Av‡Rv GKgZ n‡q wievi h_vh_ msÁv cÖYqb Ki‡Z m¶g nb wb| cÖK…Zc‡¶ wievi welqwU‡K Ggbfv‡e msÁvwqZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb hv Gwel‡q mKj cÖKvi aviYv, e¨vL¨v Ges AvBb-weavb‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡e| Be‡b Kvmxi (in) m~iv evKvivi 275 b¤i Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v w`‡Z wM‡q e‡j‡Qb, wievi welqwU LyeB RwUj ZvB AvwjgM‡Yi g‡a¨ A‡b‡KiB Gi wewfbœ gvmAvjvi Dci cÖkœ i‡q‡Q| D‡j(L¨ †h, m~iv evKvivi 275Ñ281 b¤i AvqvZ¸wjB n‡jv KyiÕAv‡b bvwhjK…Z me©‡kl AvqvZ| GB AvqvZ¸wj‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wiev‡K Pyovš—fv‡e nvivg †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Avi wiev ev my` `vZv I my` MÖnxZv Df‡qi Rb¨B KwVb kvw¯—i fq †`wL‡q mveavb K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| GB AvqvZ bvwh‡ji Aí

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wKQyw`b c‡iB imyjyj(vn& (m)-Gi IdvZ nq| d‡j mvnvevMY Zuvi KvQ †_‡K wievi wewfbœ kvLv cÖkvLvi e¨vcv‡i we¯—vwiZ †R‡b †bqvi my‡hvM cvbwb| nhiZ Dgi Bebyj LvËve (iv) ZvB e‡j‡Qb: wievi AvqvZwUB †kl Inx; yt‡Li welq imyjyj;vn& (m) Gi cy‡iv A_© eywS‡q †`evi Av‡MB wPi we`vq wb‡jb|1 ZrKvjxb mgv‡R †h ev hviv wiev e¨e ’vi g‡a¨ wb‡R‡`i m¤ú„³ K‡i †i‡LwQj Zv‡`i wei“‡× KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g †h Zxeª N„Yv‡eva Qwo‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡K wievi mvgvwRK Ges †gŠwjK Zvrch© AZ¨š— my¯úó n‡q I‡V| Avj-KyiÕAvb Ges imyj (m)-Gi mybœvn&q wiev m¤ú‡K© hv eY©bv i‡q‡Q Zv‡Z GUvB eySv hvq †h `wi ª, AfveMÖ ’ wbcxwoZ I Ab¨vb¨ mvaviY gvbyl‡K FY w`‡q FY`vZvi c‡¶ †KvbiKg SuywK MÖnY Qvov my`mn Avmj †diZ cvIqvi cÖwµqvwUB wiev bv‡g cwiwPZ| GB e¨e ’vq FY`vZvi mKj cÖKvi ¯v_© I my‡hvM-myweav msiw¶Z _v‡K| c¶vš—‡i FY MÖnxZvi †Kvb my‡hvM myweav Ges AwaKv‡ii K_v, A_ev ˆbwZK-A‰bwZK †Kvb& Kvi‡Y FY †bqv n‡”Q Gme we‡ePbv Kiv nq bv| †m hw` fxlY ¶wZi g‡a¨I cwZZ nq Z_vwcI †h K‡iB †nvK h_vmg‡q my`mn Avmj †diZ w`‡Z Zv‡K eva¨ Kiv nq| Dciš‘ FY MÖwnZvi Ki“b Ae ’v we‡ePbv mv‡c‡¶ FY gIKy‡di kZ© Pyw³ c‡Î D‡j(L _v‡K bv, ZvB mg‡qi †gqv` †k‡l my`mn Avmj †diZ w`‡Z e¨_© n‡j Zvi my‡`i cwigvY Pµe„w×nv‡i evo‡Z _v‡K Ges Zv‡K wewea AZ¨vPvi wbcxo‡bi wkKvi n‡Z nq| wiev msµvš— c~‡e©vwj(wLZ msÁv I e¨vL¨v g‡b †i‡L Avgv‡`i eyS‡Z n‡e †Kvb& ai‡bi Avw_©K †jb‡`b wievi (my‡`i) AvIZvq c‡o Ges †Kvb& ai‡bi Avw_©K †jb‡`b wievi AvIZvgy³, Ges wKfv‡e FY`vZv I FYMÖnxZvi g‡a¨ jvf Ges ¶wZ AvbycvwZKnv‡i fvM Kiv nq| ZvQvov †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e FYMÖnxZvi Dci Ggb †Kvb kZ© †hb Av‡ivwcZ bv nq hv‡Z F‡Yi †evSv enb Ki‡Z †h‡q Zv‡K †Kvb ¶wZi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq| mKj hy‡M mKj gvby‡li Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ mgm¨v mgvav‡bi wbw ©ó DËi †`qv g~jZ LyeB KwVb| eZ©gvb hy‡M Av_©-mvgvwRK cwi‡ek-cwiw ’wZ, ivwóªq wewa-weavb cwieZ©b n‡q †M‡Q| ZvQvov hy‡Mi AveZ©‡b †jb‡`‡bi c×wZ e`‡j †M‡Q, †hgb †mvbv iƒcvi gy`ªvi cwie‡Z© eûw`b a‡i Kv¸‡R UvKvi cÖPjb n‡q‡Q| Avw_©K †jb‡`‡bi gva¨g welqK wbqg c×wZ Av‡iv GKavc jvwd‡q D‡V eZ©gv‡b B‡jKUªwbK c×wZ Pvjy n‡q‡Q| AvMvgx‡Z nq‡Zv Av‡iv KZ bZyb wKQyi D™¢veb NU‡e| †m Kvi‡Y hy‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L wievi Ggb e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e †hb †mUv KyiÕAvb I mybœvn&i mv‡_ mvsNwl©K bv nq|2

1 Dgvi Bebyj LvËve (iv) eY©bv K‡i‡Qb t ÒeoB yt‡Li welq †h wZbwU welq m¤ú‡K© Avgiv imyjyj(vn& (m) n‡Z we¯—vwiZ Ávb Avni‡Yi c~‡e©B Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zuv‡K Zy‡j wb‡q‡Qb| welq wZbwU n‡jvÑ cÖZ¨¶ I c‡iv¶ wiev, wØZxqZ Kvjvjn& (bvZxi Rb¨ `v`vi DËivwaKvi jv‡fi e¨vcvi) Ges wLjvdvn&| 2:2727 Be‡b gvRvn&

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eZ©gvb my`x e¨vs‡Ki Kvh©aviv ciL Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, y ’-wbt¯‡`i Nv‡g †fRv A_© m¤ú` mg‡qi e¨eav‡b ¸wUKZK cuywRev`x‡`i Kv‡Q Rgv n‡Z _v‡K| GB Rgv‡bv A_© Avevi ch©vqµ‡g cuywRcwZ †kvlK‡`i PZy®úv‡k¦© AvewZ©Z nq| mvaviY †jv‡Ki wbqš¿‡Y A_© Aewkó _v‡K bv, d‡j Zviv wPiFYx KvOv‡j cwiYZ nq|

Gevi KyiÕAv‡bi fvlvq wievi (my‡`i) cÖK…Z msÁvq Avmv hvK| wiev welqK msÁv I cwiwPwZ Zy‡j a‡i cÖ_‡g N„Yv cÖKv‡ki fvlvq KyiÕAv‡bi †h AvqvZ bvwhj nq Zv n‡jv:

Avi †Zvgiv †h my`x wewb‡qvM K‡iv, GB †f‡e †h A‡b¨i A‡_©i mv‡_ wg‡j †Zvgv‡`i A_© e„w× cv‡e (A‡b¨i m¤ú` LiP n‡q Zv‡`i Znwej †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q Rgv n‡e) wKš‘ Avj;vn&i `„wó‡Z Zv e„w× cvq bv (ZvB GB wewb‡qvM Avj;vn& Aby‡gv`b K‡ib bv) eis Avj;vn&i mš‘wói j‡¶¨ †h `vb mv`vKv †Zvgiv Ki ZvB eû¸‡Y e„w× cvq| (m~iv iƒg, 30:39)|

†h hvgvbvq KyiÕAv‡bi GB AvqvZ bvwhj nq, ZLb g~ja‡bi mv‡_ wbw ©ó nv‡i AwZwi³ A_© MÖnY Kivi c×wZ‡K wiev (my`) ejv n‡Zv| my`x †jb‡`‡b me© vB GKR‡bi m¤ú` Kwg‡q AciR‡bi m¤ú` evov‡bv nq| Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq, hw` my`x †jb‡`‡bi gva¨‡g Avgvi g~jab e„w× cvq Zvn‡j Avgvi †h AwZwi³ A_© jvf n‡jv †mUv g~jZ Aci GKR‡bi †jvKmv‡bi gva¨‡gB n‡jv| G ai‡bi †jb‡`b KL‡bvB e¨emv n‡Z cv‡i bv| eis G ai‡bi †jb‡`b n‡jv ybx©wZ, †kvlY I cÖZviYv| Bmjvwg weav‡b e¨emv n‡jv Dfqc‡¶i mg‡SvZv I mš‘wói gva¨‡g| ZvB KyiÕAv‡b Bikv` n‡q‡Q:

†n gyÕwgbMY †Zvgiv G‡K Ac‡ii gvj-m¤ú` Ab¨vqfv‡e MÖvm K‡iv bv| e¨emv evwYR¨ hv Ki‡e Zv Ki‡e cvi¯úwiK m¤§wZ I m‡š—v‡li gva¨‡g| (m~iv wbmv, 4:29)|

2 hw`I KyiÕAvbyj gvRx‡` wiev †h AZxe N„Y¨ eR©bxq, Kexiv ¸Yvn †m K_v ¯úó †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z_vwcI hy‡M hy‡M mvaviY gvbyl Ges Bmjvwg ¯‹jvi‡`i gb gvbwmKZvi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L bZzb bZzb c×wZ D™¢ve‡bi wfwˇZ wievi msÁv w`‡Z n‡e KyiÕAvb-mybœvni mv‡_ wgj †i‡L| †mB mv‡_ †m wel‡q hy‡Mvc‡hvMx e¨vL¨v w`‡q †h‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z K‡i me©Kv‡ji gvbylB wiev‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges wievi aŸsmvZ¥K ¶wZ †_‡K †eu‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i| FY †Ljvcx‡`i K_v ejv hvq| eo eo e¨emvqxMY e¨vsK †_‡K †gvUv As‡Ki FY †bb| AwaKvsk †¶‡Î Zviv †mme FY cwi‡kva bv K‡i FY †Ljvcx nb Ges mgv‡Ri AMwbZ gvby‡li K‡Vvi kª‡g AwR©Z m¤ú` AvZ¥mvr K‡ib| †mme †jvK FY †Ljvcx AvL¨vwqZ nIqvi ciI mgv‡R Zviv gv_v DuPz K‡i P‡jb| c¶vš—‡i ¶z ª FY MÖnxZv MY FY †kva Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j wKsev my‡`i wKw¯— w`‡Z bv cvi‡j Zvi Mi“ QvMj, wf‡U, Ni evox †µvK, wewµ K‡i n‡jI my`vmj Av`vq Kiv nq|

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msÁv mn wievi cwiPq Zy‡j a‡i KyiÕAv‡b bvwhjK…Z cÖ_g AvqvZ‡K (30:39) AwaKZi kw³kvjx KiY I Aby‡gv`‡bi gva¨‡g wiev welqK wØZxq AvqvZ bvwhj nq| KyiÕAv‡bi GB Avqv‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Bûw`‡`i‡K mxgvjsNb, AZ¨vPvi, `ybx©wZ I kqZvbx Kg©Kv‡Ûi Rb¨ Awfkvc w`‡q‡Qb| Zv‡`i wKZve ZIiv‡Z nvivg †NvlYv m‡Z¡I Zviv my`x e¨emvi gva¨‡g Pig †kvlY-AZ¨vPvi Pvwj‡q hvw”Qj| †m Kvi‡Y Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv †NvlYv K‡ib †h Zviv:

. . . †auvKv I cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g A‡b¨i gvj m¤ú` MÖvm KiZ. . . (m~iv wbmv, 4:160-161)|

KyiÕAv‡bi GB AvqvZ †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, wiev n‡jv Ab¨vqfv‡e A‡b¨i m¤ú` MÖvm K‡i wb‡Ri g~jab evwo‡q †bqvi Ab¨Zg gva¨g| †m Kvi‡Y wiev ev my`x Kg©KvÛ Aek¨B A_©‰bwZK AZ¨vPvi I wbcxob|

wiev welqK Z…Zxq I PZy_© Inx‡Z me©kw³gvb Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wievi †h aib wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb Zvn‡jv, wbw ©ó mg‡qi †gqv‡` wbw ©ó nv‡i g~ja‡bi †P‡q AwZwi³ A_© Av`v‡qi k‡Z© FY`vb hv eZ©gv‡b ÔInterestÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ| my`x A_© e¨e ’vq Ab¨vqfv‡e m¤ú` nvZe`j K‡i|1

ÒAby‡gvw`Z †PŠh©e„wËiÓ (legalized theft) AvKv‡i A_©bxwZi wfZ‡i jywK‡q _vKvi Kvi‡Y wiev‡K (my`) A‡bK mgq wPb‡Z cvivUv KwVb| wcÖÝUb wek¦we`¨vj‡qi cÖ‡dmi wiPvW© dK ÔAby‡gvw`Z †PŠh©e„wËÕ cwifvlvwU e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi g‡Z Aby‡gvw`Z †PŠh©e„wË ej‡Z jyÚbcivqY cuywRev`‡K eySvq †hLv‡b Ab¨vqfv‡e m¤ú‡`i nvZe`j nq| Z‡e Avgv‡`i „wó‡Z mKj cuywRev`B jyÚbcivqY|

1 FY`vZvi Rb¨ g~ja‡bi †P‡q AwZwi³ A_© cwi‡kva FYMÖnxZvi Rb¨ eva¨Zvg~jK| Dciš‘ wbw ©ó †gqv` †k‡l †`bv`vi †`bv cwi‡kv‡a A¶g n‡j †`bv-cwi‡kv‡ai mgqmxgv evwo‡q †`qv nq| †gqv` evov‡bvi cwiYwZ‡Z †`bv`vi‡K Pµe„w×nv‡i my`mn g~jab cÖ v‡b eva¨ Kiv nq| GB aŸsmvZ¥K †kvlY I wbh©vZ‡bi g~j †nvZv my`x A_© e¨e ’v wbg©~‡j Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv †NvlYv K‡ib: †n †jv‡Kiv †Zvgiv hviv Cgvb G‡bQ! †Zvgiv Pµe„w×nv‡i my` †L‡qvbv| Avj;vn&‡K fq Ki, hv‡Z K‡i †Zvgiv Kj¨vYcÖvß n‡Z cvi, Avi †m Av¸b n‡Z AvZ¥i¶v Ki hv ˆZix K‡i ivLv n‡q‡Q Kvwdi‡`i (hviv Avj;vn& Ges Zvi weavb‡K A¯xKvi I Agvb¨ K‡i) Rb¨| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:130-131)| †n gyÕwgbMY †Zvgiv Avj;vn&‡K fq Ki Ges †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q †h wiev (my`) evKx Av‡Q Zv eR©b Ki hw` †Zvgiv mwZ¨Kvi gyÕwgb nI Avi hw` Zv bv (my` eR©b) Ki Zvn‡j, ï‡b bvI, Avj;vn& I imyj Gi c¶ †_‡K hy‡×i †NvlYv| Avi hw` †Zvgiv ZvIev Ki Z‡e †Zvgv‡`i g~jab †Zvgv‡`iB _vK‡e (KviY GUv †Zvgv‡`i gvj Kv‡RB GUv Zy‡j †bqvi AwaKvi †Zvgv‡`iB) Avi †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ †Kvb hyyjyg Kiv n‡e bv| (m~iv evKviv, 2:278-279)|

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Gevi †`Lv hvK wjMvjvBhW †_d&U ev AvB‡bi QÎQvqvq †PŠh©e„wËi cÖPjb wKfv‡e n‡jv? KyiÕAv‡bi wiev welqK c~‡e©vwj(wLZ Avqv‡Z avi-KR© †jb‡`‡bi gva¨‡g wiev ev my` LvIqvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡b mvaviYZ wiev ej‡Z hv eySvq Zv n‡jv D”P my‡`i nv‡i A_© FY`vb|1 A_P imyjyj(vn (m)-Gi Kv‡Q bvwhjK…Z †kl Avqv‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv my` eR©b K‡i ïaygvÎ g~jab wdwi‡q wb‡Z wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb| (2:278-279)|

Òmy‡` UvKv avi †`qv Ab¨ †h †Kvb e¨emvi gZB GKUv e¨emvÓ GB aviYv‡K KyiÕAvb bv‡KvP K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv e¨emv‡K nvjvj Ges my`‡K nvivg K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| my` Avi e¨emv GK wRwbl bq| †Kb? KviY e¨emv msNwUZ nq gy³ I b¨vh¨ evRv‡i, †hLv‡b SuywK Av‡Q, †hLv‡b jvf Ges ¶wZ `yUvB m¤¢e| Aci w`‡K wiev e¨e ’vq evRv‡ii PvwjKvkw³‡K (A_©vr Pvwn`v I mieivn cÖm~Z Ae ’v‡K) Gwo‡q hvIqv nq, Ges UvKv avi †`qv‡Z †Kvb SuywK †bqv nq bv, AZGe ¶wZei‡Yi †Kvb m¤¢vebvB _v‡K bv| A_P †jvKmv‡bi SuywK Qvov KL‡bv ¯”Q I gy³ evRvi wUu‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| eZ©gv‡b ZvB c„w_ex‡Z gy³ evRv‡ii †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ †bB| D`vniY¯iƒc aiv hvK, FY`vZv `wei wb‡R‡K mKj ¶wZi SuywK †_‡K gy³ ivL‡jv, Avi FYMÖwnZv Bgivb‡K Zvi wb‡Ri Ges `we‡ii ¶wZi SuywK enb Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡jv| G‡¶‡Î GUv cwi¯‹vi †h Bgiv‡bi Znwej †_‡K GKZidvfv‡e `we‡ii Znwe‡j A_©-m¤ú` Rgv n‡Z _vK‡e| A_©vr Bgivb GKvB Df‡qi e¨emvi SuywK Ges D™¢~Z †h †Kvb ¶wZ enb Ki‡Z _vK‡e| GUv‡KB A_©‰bwZK †kvlY ejv nq|

eZ©gv‡b e¨vsK Ges Ab¨vb¨ FY ms ’v¸wj †K KZ Kg my‡`i nv‡i MÖvnK‡`i AvK…ó Ki‡Q †mB cÖwZ‡hvwMZv‡K †Kvbfv‡eB gy³ I ¯”Q evRv‡ii cÖgvY wnmv‡e aiv hvq bv| eis G ai‡bi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv‡K fvov‡U Lybx‡`i `i KlvKwli mv‡_ Zyjbv Kiv hvq| nZ`wi`ª GjvKv †_‡K e¨vsK¸wj me mgq Ab¨Î P‡j hvq, KviY Zviv Mwie‡`i‡K UvKv avi w`‡q SuywK wb‡Z Pvq bv|

Pjyb Gevi Avgiv wd‡i hvB imyjyj(vn (m)-Gi mybœvn&i (nv`xm) gv‡S Ges †`wL †mLv‡b wievi cÖKvi‡f` I msÁv wKfv‡e †`qv n‡q‡Q| GKvR Ki‡Z wM‡q Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB wiev eû ai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i, my‡` UvKv avi †`Iqv Zvi g‡a¨ GKwU| wbtm‡›`‡n wievi mËiwU cÖKvi‡f` i‡q‡Q, hvi AwaKvsk iƒcB eZ©gvb A_©‰bwZK e¨e ’vq we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q|

1 GB FY`vb c×wZ‡Z wbR¯ †Kvb kªg, †Póv-mvabv ev SuyKx QvovB mgq evovi mv‡_ mv‡_ FY`vZvi wewb‡qvMK…Z g~jab Avcbv AvcwbB e„w× cvq| GB wiev n‡jv wVK †m ai‡bi wiev hv KyiÕAv‡bi me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z Avqv‡Z eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| j¶¨ Ki“b, eZ©gv‡b cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs †jb‡`bB n‡jv wiev|

37

wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii wiev wievi wbgœwjwLZ cÖKvi¸wj D‡j(L‡hvM¨: 1| my‡` UvKv avi †`qv; GUv‡K wiev Avj-dv`&j ejv nq; A_©vr †µwWU UªvbR¨vKkb (evqÔ gyqv¾vj) ev UvKv avi †i‡L wRwbm wewµ Kiv| 2| wRwb‡mi g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z mgq wb‡j (A_©vr evwK‡Z gvj wKb‡j) †mB we‡ePbvq wRwb‡mi `vg evwo‡q †`qv| Gai‡bi †µwWU UªvbR¨vKkb‡K wiev Avb-bvwmqv ejv nq| 3| gybvdv AR©‡bi j‡¶¨ Ggb QjPvZzix I cÖZviYvg~jK µq weµq †hLv‡b b¨vh¨, ¯”Q I gy³ evRv‡ii †Kvb †Zvqv°v Kiv nq bv| GUv‡K Mvivi (gharar) ejv nq, Ges GUvI K‡qK cÖKv‡ii n‡Z cv‡i, Zvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jv dvUKv e¨emv, hv‡K ÔcwikxwjZ RyqvÕ ej‡j fyj n‡e bv| eû mvaviY gvbyl Gai‡bi e¨emvi gva¨‡g wih&K A‡š¦lY K‡i, wKš‘ jy‡Uiv abxiv GB Ryqvi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i †mB wih&K †kvlY K‡i wb‡q hvq| 4| wbjv‡gi mgq `vjvi‡`i mvnv‡h¨ K…wÎg Dcvq wRwb‡mi `vg evov‡bv; A_©vr Gfv‡e ¯”Q I gy³ evRvi‡K KjywlZ Kiv| 5| gvj ¸`vgRvZ K‡i evRv‡i K…wÎg msKU m„wó K‡i gybvdv AR©b Kiv; A_©vr gy³ evRvi‡K `ybx©wZ‡Z AvµvšÍ Kiv| 6| GK‡PwUqv e¨emv, hvi Kvi‡Y c‡Y¨i g~j¨ gy³ evRv‡ii cwie‡Z© GK‡PwUqv e¨emvqxi wbqš¿‡Y P‡j hvq| 7| evwK‡Z wewµ Kivi Kvi‡Y c‡Y¨i `vg evov‡bv (bvwmqv), Ges cieZx©‡Z †mB FY †Kvb Z…Zxq c‡¶i Kv‡Q wewµ Kiv| G‡Z gv‡ji we‡µZv I Z…Zxq c¶ `yR‡bB jvfevb nq| [D`vniY- K GKwU 100 UvKvi cY¨ L-†K 1 gvm ci g~j¨ cwi‡kv‡ai k‡Z© 150 UvKv w`‡q wewµ Ki‡jv| K GB F‡Yi `wjj M-†K w`‡q 140 UvKv wbj| 10 UvKv n‡jv wWmKvD›U| gvm †k‡l M, L-Gi KvQ †_‡K 150 UvKv wb‡e| d‡j GLv‡b K I M Df‡qB jvfevb nj L-Gi kª‡gi wewbg‡q|]

†Kvb& ai‡bi wiev me©vwaK aŸsmvZ¥K? me©Ávbx Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wievi †h we‡kl aib‡K KyiÕAv‡b D‡j(L K‡i‡Qb, wbwðZfv‡e †mwUB wievi me©vwaK ¶wZKi iƒc| †Kbbv G ai‡bi wievB gvbeRxeb‡K me‡P‡q †ekx aŸs‡mi w`‡K wb‡q hvIqvi ¶gZv iv‡L| ejv evûj¨, my‡`i †jb‡`bB n‡”Q GB we‡kl wiev| Avi GB my`RwoZ wievB AvR mgMÖ gvbeRvwZ‡K Zvi welv³ Avwj½‡b Av‡ó-c„‡ô †e‡a wb‡q‡Q| my`x wiev‡K AvBb m¤§Z K‡i †bqvi Kvi‡Y GUv AviI AwaK gvivZ¥K iƒc aviY K‡i‡Q, KviY GUvB n‡jv AvB‡bi Avkªq wb‡q Pywi Kivi kvwgj| Aek¨B AvBbm¤§Z Pywii AviI A‡bK cÖKvi i‡q‡Q|

38

wiev Ges gy³ evRvi GUv wbwðZfv‡e ejv hvq †h b¨vh¨ I gy³ evRvi‡K cvk KvwU‡q, `ybx©wZ wKsev A‰ea Dcv‡q hZ cÖKvi Avw_©K †jb‡`b P‡j Zvi meB wievi Aš—f©y³| gy³, ¯”Q I b¨v‡qi Dci cÖwZwôZ evRvi †h †Kvb KvimvwRi Ke‡j co‡j `ybx©wZi myÎcvZ n‡Z eva¨ hv e¨emv-evwYR¨‡K µgvš‡q aŸsm K‡i †`q, A_©‰bwZK †kvl‡Yi c_ Ly‡j †`q, Ges mgvR‡K `vwi ª , `yt ’Zv GgbwK `vm‡Z¡i w`‡K wb‡q hvq|

DBwjqvg †k·wcqv‡ii Merchant of Venice bvU‡Ki LjPwiÎ Bûw` my`‡Lvi kvBj‡Ki ci, GB gvbeRvwZi Avi KL‡bv nqwb|

AvR‡Ki my` wfwËK cuywRev`x A_©bxwZ‡K N„Yv I wb›`v Rvbv‡Z Avgiv LyeB K‡Vvi fvlv e¨envi K‡iwQ| Z‡e Avgiv kxNÖB †`L‡Z cve me©kw³gvb Avj(vn& I Zuvi imyj (m) Gi †P‡q KZ †ekx KwVb fvlv e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv Aek¨ wVK †mB fvlv e¨envi K‡iwQ hv Cmv (Av) wiev‡K wb›`v Ki‡Z wM‡q e¨envi K‡iwQ‡jb|

Avi Cmv (Av) gvmwR`yj AvKmvq †M‡jb Ges gvmwR‡` hviv †Kbv †ePvq e¨¯— wQj Zv‡`i mevB‡K †ei K‡i w`‡jb| Avi my`x-gnvRb‡`i (Money Changers) †Uwej¸wj D‡ë w`‡jb (hviv my‡`i gva¨‡g Rbmvavi‡bi m¤ú` jy‡U wbw”Qj) Ges Zv‡`i‡K ej‡jb; wKZv‡e GUv wjLv Av‡Q †h GB Ni Avj;vni Bev`‡Zi Ni wKš‘ †Zvgiv G‡K †Pv‡ii Av¯—vbv evwb‡q †i‡LQ| (BwÄj, gw_, 21:12-13)|

gy³ I ¯”Q evRvi A_©bxwZ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z hv AZ¨vek¨Kxq Zv n‡jv:

Ñ evRv‡i cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii ¯vaxbZv; Ñ evRv‡i cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq AskMÖn‡Yi ¯vaxbZv; Ñ evRv‡i wbR wbR c‡Y¨i g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi ¯vaxbZv (†Kvb c‡Y¨i g~j¨

c~e©wba©vwiZ n‡Z cv‡i bv); Ñ wewbg‡qi gva¨g (medium of exchange) †e‡Q †bqvi ¯vaxbZv, (†hLv‡b

Kv¸‡R gy`ªvmn †h †Kvb K…wÎg gy`ªv †bevi Dci †Kvb eva¨evaKZv _vK‡e bv, e ‘Z gy³ evRvi A_©bxwZ cybi“×vi Ki‡Z n‡j Kv¸‡R gy`ªvmn †h †Kvb K…wÎg gy`ªvi wbwl×KiY);

Ñ (evRv‡i wewµ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨) †h †Kvb cY¨ ˆZix Kivi ¯vaxbZv; Ñ †h †Kvb cY¨ †Kbv Ges wewµ Kivi ¯vaxbZv; (Aek¨B gymwjg wbqwš¿Z

evRv‡i †mB mKj cY¨ †ePv-†Kbv Kiv hv‡e bv hv Avj(vn& I Zuvi imyj (m) nvivg e‡j wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb);

Ñ evRvi `i †_‡K g~j¨ evwo‡q ev Kwg‡q cY¨ weµq wbwl×KiY; Ñ e¨emvwqK †jb‡`‡b cÖZviYv wbwl×KiY; Ñ evRvi‡K Gwo‡q e¨emv wbwl×KiY, †hgb my`x FY`vb;

39

Ñ †auvKvevwR I Pywi wbwl×KiY|

M¨vU (GATT) bv‡gi GKwU ms ’v hv wek¦ evwYR¨‡K wbqš¿Y Ki‡Q Zvi wbqg Kvbyb ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e B›Uvib¨vkbvj gwbUwi wm‡÷g Gi wfwË n‡jv cÖK…Z gy`ªvi (¯Y© gy`ªvi) mv‡_ wewbg‡qi A‡hvM¨ (non-redeemable) K…wÎg Kv¸‡R gy`ªv hv gy ªvùxwZi Kvi‡Y cÖwZwbqZB Zvi wbR¯ g~j¨ nviv‡Z _v‡K| Avi B›Uv‡i÷ wfwËK e¨vswKs Gi mve©RbxbZvi w`‡K ZvKv‡j †evSv hvq ¯”Q I b¨vq wfwËK gy³ evRv‡ii †jkgvÎI eZ©gvb we‡k¦ Avi Aewkó †bB|

eZ©gv‡b hZ ai‡bi wiev i‡q‡Q Zv mg~‡j DrcvU‡bi K‡Vvi wewa wb‡la Ges AvBb weavb cÖ‡qv‡M ˆelg¨nxb eva¨evaKZv Qvov ¯”Q I mywePvi g~jK gy³ evRvi cÖwZôv I wUuwK‡q ivLvi cÖkœB D‡V bv| wiev wbg©~‡ji mKj mgvavb Ges wiev f¶Y K‡i AvBb-weavb jsN‡bi Kvh©Ki `Ûwewa h_vh_fv‡e meB i‡q‡Q Bmjv‡g!!

Bmjv‡g wiev nvivg nIqvi wel‡q cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q G aviYv e¨³ Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Bmjv‡gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv A_© e¨e ’vq weK…wZ I wech©q †iv‡a ¯”Q I wbi‡c¶ gy³ evRvi A_©bxwZ MVb K‡i Zvi µ‡gvbœwZ mva‡b me©vZ¥K cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q hvIqv| †hgb ywbqvevmx Bmjv‡g Pzwii kvw¯—i weavb †_‡K ey‡S wb‡Z cv‡i †h Pzwi cÖwZ‡iv‡a Pzwii kvw¯— KZUv ˆelg¨nxb Ges kvwš— k„sLjv cÖwZôv I `ybx©wZ cÖwZ‡iv‡a KZUv Kvh©Ki|

AvBkv (iv) eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, imyj (m) Gi Kv‡Q GKRb †Pvi‡K a‡i wb‡q Avmv n‡j, wZwb †PviwUi nvZ †K‡U w`‡jb| hviv †PviwU‡K a‡i G‡bwQ‡jb Zviv ej‡jb, Avgiv fve‡ZI cvwiwb †h Avcwb †PviwUi kvw¯—i e¨vcv‡i GZUv K‡Vvi n‡eb| Dˇi imyjyj(vn& (m) ej‡jb: Avgvi †g‡q dvwZgvI hw` Pzwi Ki‡Zv Zvn‡j Zvi nvZI Avwg †K‡U w`Zvg| (mybvby bvmvC 5:4896)|

Pzwii `v‡q nvZ †K‡U †`qvi Bmjvwg GB weavb Kvh©Ki n‡j, iv¯—vNv‡U eû‡jvK‡KB †`Lv †hZ hv‡`i nvZ †bB| A_©‰bwZK wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iva, mvgvwRK wbivcËv I kvwš— cÖwZôvq Pzwii `v‡q Bmjv‡gi GB K‡Vvi weavb AZ¨vek¨Kxq| Bmjvwg GB weavb Kvh©Ki n‡j wek¦gvbeZvi wPikΓ jyÉbKvix cuywRcwZ‡`i †kvlY wbh©vZb eûjvs‡k K‡g †hZ GgbwK eÜI n‡q †h‡Z cvi‡Zv| d‡j †`Lv †hZ nvZwenxb eû‡jvK eZ©gvb hy‡Mi †kqvi evRvi (Wall Street) cwiZ¨vM K‡i‡Q|

G MÖ‡š’i Ab¨Zg cÖavb †h hyw³ Zvn‡jv, mdj wk¶vwfhvb Ges wec(evZ¥K Aweivg cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q gymwjgiv Ô`vi“j BmjvgÕ (KyiÕAv‡bi AvBb weavb m¤wjZ Bmjvg Aay¨wlZ GjvKv) cybi“×v‡i m¶g bv n‡j wbi‡c¶, ¯”Q I gy³ evRvi

40

KL‡bvB cybi“×vi m¤¢e n‡e bv| gy³ evRvi cybi“×vi ZLbB m¤¢e hLb gymwjgiv †Kvb iv‡óªi wbi¼zk cwiPvjbv I wbqš¿‡Yi ¶gZv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges †m ivóª Pj‡e me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix gnvb Avj(vn&i wb‡ ©wkZ KyiÕAvb I nv`x‡mi weavb gZ| ZvQvov `vi“j Bmjvg cÖwZôv n‡j †m GjvKvq cybi“×vi n‡e gy³ evRvi, wd‡i Avm‡e wievgy³ (my`gy³) A_©bxwZ I e¨emv evwY‡R¨i aviv| Avi †m iv‡óª me© —‡i wiev eR©b welqwU Kv‡ji ¯v¶x n‡q _vK‡e|

FY cwi‡kv‡ai mgq AwZwi³ A_© †jb‡`b †h Dcv‡q nvjvj ev ˆea nq|

FY cwi‡kv‡ai mgq †`bv`vi cvIbv`vi‡K †Kvb& Ae ’vq F‡Yi Avmj cwigv‡Yi mv‡_ wKQzUv evowZ A_© cÖ vb Ki‡Z cv‡ib G wel‡q Gevi Av‡jvPbvq Avmv hvK| Z‡e GB evowZ A‡_©i cwigvY c~e© wba©vwiZ Pzw³ gvwdK wKsev F‡Yi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ n‡e bv| GB AwZwi³ A_© cÖvw߇Z cvIbv`v‡ii †Kvb B”Qv ev AvMÖn cÖKvk bv ‡c‡j Ges †`bv`vi Lykx n‡q †h cwigvY A_© `vb Ki‡e Zv wievi ch©v‡q c‡o bv| G wel‡q Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi imyj (m) Gi wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi GKwU NUbv †_‡KÑ

Rvwei (iv) e‡j‡Qb, Avwg GKw`b imyjyj;vn& (m) Gi Kv‡Q †Mjvg| wZwb ZLb gvmwR‡` wQ‡jb| wZwb Avgv‡K ej‡jb, Ò yB ivKvZ mjvn& Av`vq KiÓ| Zvici wZwb Avgvi KvQ †_‡K †bqv F‡Yi UvKv †diZ w`‡jb Ges Av‡iv evowZ wKQz A_© Avgv‡K w`‡jb| (mnxn eyLvix 4:2229)|

Dc‡iv³ nv`xm †_‡K GUvB †evSv †Mj †h, FY w`‡q g~ja‡bi †P‡q Pzw³gvwdK AwZwi³ †h †Kvb cwigvY A_© Av`vq KivB wiev| Avi Pzw³, kZ© I FY`v‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©nxb evowZ A_© cÖ vb wievi ch©v‡q c‡o bv|

gybvdv ev my` KZ n‡j Zv‡K wiev ejv hv‡eÑ KyiÕAv‡bi me©‡kl Avqv‡Z (2:278) Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv †NvlYv K‡ib: †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q †h wiev (my`) GLbI evKx Av‡Q Zv †Q‡o `vI (†h mKj FY, wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYvi c~‡e© †`qv n‡qwQj)| Avi hw` ZvIev Ki Z‡e †Zvgv‡`i g~jab †Zvgv‡`iB cvIbv| j¶¨ Ki“b, GLv‡b g~ja‡bi mv‡_ mvwf©m PvR© wKsev hyw³hy³ nv‡i B›Uv‡i÷ ev my` wgwj‡q FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z wKsev cvIbv †diZ wb‡Z wKš‘ ejv nqwb| my‡`i cwigvY Kg-‡ekxi (1%-25%) †Kvb cÖkœ bq eis FY Pzw³i kZ© wn‡m‡e g~ja‡bi AwZwi³ †h †Kvb nv‡i A_© Av`vqB n‡jv wiev (my`)| aiv hvK, GKwU M(v‡m KvD‡K ûBw¯‹ (g`) cvb Ki‡Z ‡`qv n‡jv| M(v‡m g‡`i cwigvY LyeB Aí ZvB e‡j †m g`UzKz GKRb gymwj‡gi Rb¨ nvjvj n‡Z cv‡i wK? A_ev ai“b

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Avcbv‡K †QvÆ GK UzKiv ïK‡ii †Mv¯— †L‡Z †`qv n‡jv -Avcwb wK †mUv Lv‡eb ev Zv wK nvjvj? Avm‡j g` wKsev ïK‡ii †Mv¯— Kg †ekx hv-B †nvK G‡Z †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bB| wiev f¶Y, g`¨cvb Ges ïKi LvIqv nvivg GUvB n‡jv Bmjv‡gi Pzyovš— dvqmvjv|

gymwjg wek¦ AvR †jvf I k‡Li e‡k AwZ †KŠZznjx n‡q A™¢yZ A¯vfvweK wewea wdrbvi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Q| fxlY Avd‡mv‡mi e¨vcvi †h, eZ©gvb e¨vswKs c×wZ‡Z †h †Kvb ÔgybvdvÕ (Interest) AR©b †h wiev (my`) GB mnR-mZ¨ welqwU mvaviY gvby‡li †Zv e‡UB GgbwK Kw_Z Ijvgv I BmjvwgK ¯‹jviM‡Yi Kv‡QI wiev nviv‡gi welqwU h_vh_ ¸i“Z¡ cvqbv! Avi Lªxóvbiv‡Zv BwZg‡a¨B wØavnxbfv‡e Af¨¯— n‡q c‡o‡Q wiev f¶‡Y| GUv †h Zv‡`i Rb¨I nvivg wQj G K_v Zviv fy‡jB wM‡q‡Q| A_P †h †KD imyjyj(vn& (m) Gi wek` wee„wZ g~jK nv`xm Aa¨qb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i Kv‡Q welqwU GZw`‡b w`ev‡jv‡Ki gZ cwi¯‹vi n‡q hvIqvi K_v| Avi G mKj BmjvwgK ¯‹jviM‡Yi ¯§iY ivLv DwPr †h KyiÕAv‡bi ZR©gv I e¨vL¨v wk¶v`v‡bi Rb¨ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv gynv¤§` (m) †K cvwV‡q‡Qb| Gme Kw_Z ¯‹jviMY‡K †hgb cvVvbwb †Zgwb cvVvbwb †mŠw` A¨v‡iweqvb gwbUwi G‡Rw݇KI (SAMA - Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency) -hviv mg¯— †mŠ`x †c‡UªvWjvi DRvi K‡i my`x wewb‡qvM K‡i me cwðgv e¨vsK¸wj‡Z| †hme e¨vsK¸wj Ggb GK kw³ Øviv wbqwš¿Z hviv Bmjv‡gi cÖavb kΓ|

Ave`yj(vn& BDmyd Avjx (in) Gi Bs‡iRx fvlvq KyiÕAv‡bi ZR©gv I ZvdmxiwU wek¦e¨vcx RbwcÖqZv AR©b K‡i‡Q| Z_vwcI wZwb c~‡e©i Ges eZ©gvbKv‡ji Djvgv‡`i †`qv wievi msÁvi mv‡_ wØgZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, Avgvi g‡Z wievi msÁv nIqv DwPZ A‡hŠw³K gybvdv AR©b, wKš‘ †mme Dcv‡q bq †h e¨emv-evwYR¨ ˆea †hgb -‡mvbv, iƒcv Ges wewfbœ AZ¨vek¨Kxq Lv`¨ mvgMÖx Mg, evwj©, †LRyi Ges jeb imyj (m) Gi Lv`¨ ZvwjKv Abyhvqx| wZwb e‡jb, B‡KvbwgK †µwWU, eZ©gv‡b cÖPwjZ e¨vswKs I A_©bxwZ ev‡` mKj gybvdv AR©b Avgvi †`qv wievi msÁvi AvIZvfyy³|

wbwðZ ejv hvq Ave yj(vn BDmyd Avwj (in) wievi msÁv`v‡bi e¨vcv‡i mvsNvwZK fyj K‡i †d‡j‡Qb| KyiÕAvb Aek¨B eY©bv K‡i‡Q †h g~ja‡bi AwZwi³ e„w×B wiev (my`)| †hgb †h g~jab avi †`qv n‡qwQj Zvi wظY wKsev wZb¸Y †e‡o hvIqv (3:130)| Z‡e e¨emvq evowZ jvf‡K KL‡bv wievi (my`) msÁvq †djv nqwb| e¨emv‡K wiev bv KyiÕAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, bv e‡j‡Qb imyjyj(vn& (m)| g~jZ Ôg~jabÕ hv KR© †`qv n‡qwQj, GB KR© eve` FYc‡Îi kZ© wn‡m‡e †h †Kvb my‡hvM-myweav Zv Kg-‡ekx hv-B †nvK bv †Kb Zv Av`vq KivB n‡jv wiev| e¨vsK wKš‘ KL‡bv `qv K‡i KR© †`q bv Ges e¨vsK KR©v ev FY`vb K‡i †h B›Uv‡i÷

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Kvgvq Zv `xN© ’vqx gy`ªvwùwZi ¶wZ c~iYI K‡i bv| e¨vsK FY †`q ïaygvÎ B›Uv‡i÷ AR©‡bi Rb¨| e¨vsK FY`vb K‡i wekvj gybvdv AR©b K‡i| e¨vsK FY`v‡bi wecix‡Z gybvdv AR©‡bi †kvlY Pvjvq| GKBfv‡e B‡KvbwgK †µwWU n‡jv eZ©gvb e¨vs‡Ki m„wó, hv wbwðZfv‡e wiev, †nvK GB B›Uv‡i‡ói nvi Kg wKsev †ekx, RwUj wKsev mij| BD‡ivc, Av‡gwiKv Z_v Bûw` e¨vswKs Gi mdjZv g~jZ A_©‰bwZK mvgªvR¨ev‡`i GK R¡jš— D`vniY| †m Kvi‡Y Avbvm Be&‡b gvwjK (iv) eY©bvq imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: Zzwg hw` KvD‡K KR©v `vI Avi †m hw` †Zvgv‡K GK‡ejv LvIqv‡Z Pvq, Zzwg Zv Lv‡e bv| †Kbbv GUv wiev| hw`bv KR©`v‡bi c~e© †_‡KB †Zvgv‡`i ci¯ú‡i `vIqvZ w`‡q LvIqv‡bvi Af¨vm †_‡K _v‡K, †m‡¶‡Î Zzwg †L‡Z cvi‡e| imyj (m) Av‡iv ej‡jb: Zzwg hw` KvD‡K KR© `vI, Avi †m hw` †Zvgv‡K Zvi hvbevn‡b Av‡ivnY Ki‡Z e‡j, Zzwg Zv‡Z Av‡ivnY Ki‡e bv, KviY GwU wiev hw` c~e© †_‡KB †Zvgv‡K Zvi hvbevn‡b Pov‡bvi Af¨vm _v‡K Zvn‡j wfbœ K_v| †m‡¶‡Î Zzwg Zvi hvbevn‡b Po‡Z cvi| (mybvb evqnvKx)

ÑAb¨ GK nv`x‡m Avbvm (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: †KD hw` †Kvb e¨w³‡K KR© †`q †m Zvi †_‡K †Kvb nvw`qv-‡Zvndv MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv (Z‡e KR©v cwi‡kva n‡q †M‡j nvw`qv MÖnY Kiv hv‡e)| (mnxn eyLvix)|

-Avey evi`vn& web Avey gymv (iv) e‡j‡Qb: Avwg gw`bvq †cŠu‡Q Ave`yj;vn& web mvjvg (iv) (whwb Bûw` ag©hvRK wQ‡jb AZci Bmjvg Keyj K‡ib) Gi mv‡_ †`Lv Kijvg| wZwb ej‡jb ÒZzwg GLb Ggb GK †`‡k evm Ki‡Qv †hLv‡b wiev (my`x) †jb‡`‡bi cÖPjb AZ¨š— †ekx| ZvB †KD hw` †Zvgvi Kv‡Q FYx _v‡K, Avi †m hw` †Zvgv‡K GK e¯—v he †Zvndv †`q, Zzwg Zv wb‡e bv, GgbwK mvgvb¨ GK‡evSv LoI hw` †`q ZvI MÖnY Ki‡e bv| KviY GUv wiev| (mnxn eyLvix)|

Ñdv`vjvn& web IevB` (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: KR© w`‡q Zv †_‡K †h †Kvb ai‡bi my‡hvM myweav †fvM KivB wiev (my`)| (mybvb evqnvKx)|

Avey Dgvgvn& (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: †h e¨w³ Zvi fvB‡qi Rb¨ †Kvb mycvwik Ki‡jv, Avi G R‡b¨ mycvwikcÖvß e¨w³ Zv‡K †Kvb nvw`qv (Dcnvi) w`j Ges †m Zv MÖnY Ki‡jv Z‡e wbtm‡›`‡n †m my‡`i `iRv¸wji g‡a¨ GKwU eo `iRv w`‡q cÖ‡ek Ki‡jv| (Avey `vD`, Avngv`)|

c~e©eZx© hy‡M m„ó wievi fqvenZv‡K Av‡iv Mfx‡i I Lvivcxi w`‡K wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i i‡q‡Q GKwU gvivZ¥K fyj| hv K‡iwQ‡jb †kL gynv¤§` Ave`yn †i±i Avj Avhnvi wek¦we`¨vjq, Kvq‡iv, wgki (wefvMxq cÖavb, BmjvwgK ÷vwWR) wZwb Dbwesk kZvwãi †k‡li w`‡K BD‡ivc åg‡Y wM‡qwQ‡jb| ågY †_‡K wd‡i G‡m wZwb †NvlYv w`‡jb †h, eZ©gvb BD‡iv‡c wZwb Bmjvg‡K Luy‡R †c‡q‡Qb hw`I

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†mLv‡b gymwjg †bB| A_P wgk‡i gymwjg Av‡Q wKš‘ Luy‡R cvIqv hvq bv Bmjvg| AZ¨š— j¾vi welq †h g¨vjKg G· (Malcom X) Gi gZ e¨w³Z¡I KLbI G ai‡bi Aev¯—e Ges AvR¸ex wg_¨v Dw³ Ki‡Z cvi‡Zv bv|

‡h BD‡ivc gynv¤§` Ave yn †`‡L‡Qb †mUv wQj m`¨ cÖZ¨¶ Kiv divmx wec(‡evËi (French revolution) BD‡ivc| GB divmx wec(e MVb K‡iwQj mvgvwRK GKwU AveZ©‡bi †K›`ª we›`y| †m AveZ©b wQj cwðgv BD‡ivcxq mf¨Zv‡K Lªxóev` †_‡K iƒcvš—i K‡i cy‡ivcywi bvw¯—KZvq wdwi‡q †bqvi|

‡h BD‡iv‡c Ave yn Bmjvg †`‡L‡Qb e‡j Dw³ K‡i‡Qb Zv wQj BD‡iv‡c kqZv‡bi Awbó, Kz`„wó, wdrbv I Ac¶gZv we¯—v‡ii cÖ_g Uv‡M©U| GB wdrbvi hy‡M kqZvb‡K Avj(vn& †Q‡o w`‡q Aeva wePi‡Yi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡q‡Qb KZUv wech©q †m NUv‡Z cv‡i †`Lvi Rb¨| imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb wKqvgv‡Zi c~e©eZx© hyM n‡jv wdZv‡bi hyM| wdZvb n‡jv wdrbvi eûePY| hvi A_©Ñcix¶v, cÖ‡jvfb, KzK‡g© cÖ‡ivPbv, wegy»KiY, ivR‡ ªvn, `v½v-nv½vgv, gZ‡f`-weev`| nv`x‡m ewY©Z Av‡Q BqvRyR - gvÕRyR hLb Qvov cv‡e ZLb Zviv cÖwZwU DuPz ’vb †_‡K `‡j `‡j †b‡g Avm‡e Ges A „k¨ ¶gZv e‡j Zviv mviv ywbqvq AZ¨vPvi, wbh©vZb, wbcxob Qwo‡q †`‡e| mviv wek¦ ZLb kqZvbx wbqš¿‡Y P‡j Avm‡e| cuywRev`x wek¦e¨e ’vi w`‡K wbi‡c¶ „wó‡Z ZvKv‡j g‡b nq AwbóKvix yókw³, BqvRyR-gvÕRyR‡K AvU‡K ivLvi Rb¨ RyjKvibvBb †h cÖvPxi ˆZix K‡iwQ‡jb, †m cÖvPxi Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv †f‡½ w`‡q‡Qb| †m cÖvPxi †f‡½ hvIqvi Kvi‡Y AwbóKvix kqZvbx kw³ Qvov †c‡q †M‡Q| Avi Zv‡`i me©cÖavb I me©cÖ_g KvR wbh©vZb, cÖZviYv I eÂbvi we¯—…wZ NUv‡bvi wgkb ev¯—evwqZ n‡q P‡j‡Q| Z‡e Pzovš— djvdj ZZw`b ch©š— ev¯—evwqZ n‡e bv hZw`b bv mwZ¨Kvi Cmv gmxn AeZiY K‡i fÛ gmxn& `v¾vj‡K nZ¨v Ki‡eb Ges Rxevby hy‡×i gva¨‡g ¯qs Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv BqvRyR gvÕRyR‡K aŸsm K‡i w`‡eb|

d‡j BD‡iv‡ci mªóv wegyL ag©wbi‡c¶Zvi ivRbxwZ, bZzb ag©wbi‡c¶ MYZvwš¿K iv‡óªi m„wó K‡i hviv †NvlYv w`‡q‡Q, Avj(vn& bq, MYZvwš¿K †`‡ki RbM‡Yi cÖwZwbwa, miKviB (State) me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix (bvDRy wej(vn&)| GUv wki&K! Aek¨B GUv Pig wki&K| GB wki&‡Ki wfwË n‡jv e ‘ev` hv AvaywbK mf¨Zvi bZzb `k©b|

e ‘ Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb ev¯—eZvi Dcw ’wZ‡K A¯xKvi Kiv n‡jv e ‘ev‡`i cÖK…Z msÁv| A_P m‡e©v”P wWMÖxavix wgkixq gynv¤§` Ave`yn †`L‡Z e¨_© n‡qwQ‡jb BD‡iv‡ci AvaywbK e ‘ev`x mf¨Zvi `k©b|

44

wZwb fÛ, cÖZviK I wg‡_¨ev`x `v¾‡ji Awfbq Øviv cÖZvwiZ n‡qwQ‡jb, ZvB wZwb Rvnvbœv‡gi iv¯—v‡K †gvnMª ’ I weåvš— n‡q †`‡LwQ‡jb Rvbœv‡Zi iv¯—vi gZ| Avi Zvi weåvš— gZev` Qwo‡q w`‡qwQ‡jb mviv gymwjg we‡k¦| Z‡e fviZxq W±i gynv¤§` (Avj(vgv) BKevj‡K kvqZvb weåvš— Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|

Avi B`vwbsKv‡ji ag©wbi‡c¶ BD‡ivcxq mgv‡Ri wg_¨vi gy‡Lv‡m K…wÎg mwVK c‡_i evwn¨K AveiY †`‡LB Ave`yn †gvnMÖ — I weåvš— n‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb †UiB cvbwb †h divmx wec(‡ei Kvi‡Y BD‡ivcxq A_©bxwZ mZ¨ c_ †Q‡o †`qvi Kvi‡Y mwVK w`K wb‡`©kbv nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Q| d‡j BD‡ivcxq Av_©-mvgvwRK KvVv‡gv AÜKv‡ii AZj MnŸ‡i wbgw¾Z n‡q‡Q| K¨v_wjK PvP©¸wj cÖvq cuvPkZ eQi wievi wei“‡× Aweivg msMÖvg K‡i ¯wKqZv nvvwi‡q †kl ch©š— ag©wbi‡c¶Zv Z_v mªóv wegyLZvi gv‡S nvwi‡q †M‡Q| eZ©gvb cuywRev`x BD‡ivcxq A_©bxwZi wfwË ’vwcZ n‡q‡Q wievi AvZ¥cÖKv‡ki ga¨ w`‡q| BD‡ivcxq e¨vswKs Gi ga¨ w`‡q Av_©-mvgvwRK AZ¨vPvi-wbcxo‡bi †h eywbqv` MwVZ n‡qwQj Zv †`L‡Z e¨_© n‡qwQ‡jb m‡e©v”P wWMÖxavix wgkixq Ave`yn| Zvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡b c ©v _vKvi d‡j wZwb wek¦e¨vcx A_©‰bwZK wbh©vZb †`L‡Z cvb wb| mªóv wegyL ag©wbi‡c¶Zvi ¯iƒc wZwb GL‡bv †Ui cvbwb| ZvB Av‡Rv wZwb ej‡Qb Gme wbh©vZ‡bi Dcw ’wZ †mLv‡b wQj bv| GUv Avm‡j Zvi wfgiwZiB ewntcÖKvk gvÎ| Dciš‘ wZwb wgk‡i †cuŠ‡Q D‡Ïk¨ cÖ‡Yvw`Z HwZnvwmK d‡Zvqv Rvwi K‡i wgkixq †cv÷ Awd‡m wiev ev my`x †jb‡`b hy³ mÂqx wnmve cÖeZ©‡Yi e¨e ’v K‡ib| Avi ivq (d‡Zvqv) ‡`b †h GB c×wZi †jb‡`b m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e wievgy³ (bvDhy wej(vn&)|

c~‡e©B D‡j(wLZ n‡q‡Q †h, BwÛqvb ¯‹jvi W±i gynv¤§` BKevj kvqZvb KZ…©K weåvš— wKsev cÖZvwiZ nb wb| wZwb Abyaveb K‡iwQ‡jb †h Bmjvwg mgvR I mf¨Zv µgkB Bmjv‡gi g~jbxwZ I g~j j¶¨ †_‡K wePz¨wZi c‡_ P‡j hv‡”Q| Z_vwcI mZ¨ Øxb Bmjv‡gi GLbI hv wKQz Aewkó Av‡Q Zv BbkvAvj(vn& cybi“×vi m¤¢e| hLb wZwb BD‡ivcxq ev cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zv AbymÜvbx `„wó w`‡q Ae‡jvKb Ki‡jb, ZLb Zvi Kv‡Q Zv‡`i mvaviY gvby‡li Pwi‡Îi evwn¨K ˆewkó¨¸wj †hfv‡e dz‡U D‡V‡wQj Zvn‡jv-mZZv, wek¦ —Zv, mywbw`©ó j‡¶¨ †cŠuQv‡bvi D`¨gx cÖeYZv, gvby‡li mv‡_ mبenvi BZ¨vw`| Z‡e bxwZMZ w`K †_‡K cvðvZ¨ mgv‡Ri †Kvb welqB Zvi wbR Rxe‡b cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡iwb| Dciš‘ wZwb AviI j¶¨ Ki‡jb cvðv‡Z¨i mgv‡R G mKj PvwiwÎK ˆewkó¨¸wji Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i gv‡S weåvwš—Ki GK AnwgKv‡eva †R‡M D‡V‡Q| ZvB Zv‡`i gv‡S cÖKU n‡q †`Lv w`‡q‡Q eo‡Z¡i eovB| Z`ycwi BD‡ivcxq mgv‡R Av‡iv †h ˆewkó¨ weivRgvb Zv n‡jv jyÚbKvix cuywRcwZ abx‡`i ¯v‡_© wbixn Mixe‡`i ewÂZ Kivi Zxeª cÖeYZv| Avi Mixe‡`i AZ¨vPvi I eÂbvi g~‡j i‡q‡Q aŸsmvZ¥K wiev| e ‘Z

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j¶¨bxq †h, gvby‡li ˆbwZK I AvwZ¥K Dbœq‡bi me©vwaK eo evav n‡jv AvR‡Ki BD‡ivc Ges BD‡ivcxq Awaevmx‡`i Rxebaviv|

†kL ZvbZvIqx (Sheikh Tantawi) wgk‡ii weMZ miKv‡ii wb‡qvMcÖvß gydZx whwb eZ©gv‡b †kL Avj-Avhnvi Ges †kL Avj-Mvh&hvjx (in) Df‡qB wbD Bq‡K©i eZ©gvb hy‡Mi AwZw_, ZvivI wVK GKBfv‡e weåvš— n‡jb †hfv‡e n‡qwQ‡jb Ave`yn| Avi ZvivI hyw³ w`‡q‡Qb e¨vs‡Ki B›Uv‡i÷ wiev bq| Gme weåvš— †jvK¸wj hv-B KiyK bv †Kb wgk‡ii eû weL¨vZ BmjvwgK ¯‹jvi i‡q‡Qb hv‡`i K_v Avgiv KLbB fy‡j †h‡Z cvie bv| Zviv n‡jb Ggb KÕRb hviv wievi wei“‡× K‡Vvi Ae ’vb wb‡q m‡Z¨i c‡_ kw³kvjx cÖPviYv Pvwj‡q wM‡q‡Qb| Zviv †Rviv‡jv wee„wZ Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb †h eZ©gvb e¨vswKs †jb‡`b Aek¨B ÔwievÕ| G mKj ¯‹jvi‡`i gv‡S GKRb n‡jb wbiciva AÜ †kL Dgi Ave`yj ingvb| wZwb Pig AZ¨vPvwiZ n‡q mxgvnxb g~j¨ w`‡q‡Qb wievi wei“‡× wRnv` (we‡`ªvnvZ¥K msMÖvg) Kivi `v‡q| wZwb eZ©gv‡b Av‡gwiKvi KvivMv‡i| †h Aciv‡a hve¾xeb Kviv‡fvM Ki‡Qb Zv n‡jv cuywRev`x‡`i AZ¨vPvi, wbcxo‡bi wei“‡× wRnv`x ‡PZbvq DØy× K‡i Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZx wgkb cwiPvjbv|

eZ©gvb wdrbvi hy‡Mi m‡e©v”P wWMÖxavix BmjvwgK ¯‹jviiv ev¯—eZv‡K mwVKfv‡e Abyave‡b A™¢yZ GK ai‡bi mgm¨v I AmnvqZ¡ †eva Ki‡Qb|

Ave`yn KÆi RvZxqZvev`x ˆmq` RvgvjyÏxb AvdMvbxi Øviv fxlYfv‡e cÖfvweZ n‡qwQ‡jb| GKBfv‡e Ave yn Avevi cÖfvweZ K‡iwQ‡jb Zvi wkl¨ †kL ikx` wi`v‡K| n‡Z cv‡i Zviv mij cÖvY wb‡e©v‡ai gZ wgkixq A_©bxwZ‡Z wievi (my‡`i) welv³ exR XywK‡q w`‡q AZ¨vPvi wbh©vZ‡bi Øvi Db¥y³ K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb| hv µgk welwµqv Qwo‡q wgk‡ii A_©bxwZ‡K c½y Ki‡Z _v‡K| Ave`yn Avi Zvi wkl¨ ikx` wi`vi gva¨‡g wgk‡i wievi †h welv³ exR Xy‡KwQj ZvB eZ©gv‡bi aŸsmcÖvß wgkixq A_©bxwZi Pig cwiYwZ| GB wb‡e©va yÕwU †jvK wgk‡i wiev XywK‡q ïay †h wgkixq A_©bxwZ‡K cwP‡q w`‡qwQ‡jb Zv bq eis wgkixq my`x A_©‰bwZK c×wZ‡K †cvlgvbv MÖncvwjZ cÖvYxi b¨vq mK‡jB AbyKiY K‡i AÜ AvbyM‡Z¨i gva¨‡g| d‡j mviv gymwjg we‡k¦ wievi Aeva cÖPjb N‡U| Avi wievi welv³ `ylY ª“Z Qwo‡q c‡o gymwjg `ywbqvq|

‡Kvb †Kvb Bmjvwg ¯‹jvi civgk© w`‡q _v‡Kb †h, †hme gymwjg, Agymwjg †`‡k emevm K‡ib, Zviv †hb e¨vsK †_‡K cvIqv wiev (my`) hy³ A_© eR©b bv K‡ib| eis Zviv †mme my`x A_© MÖnY K‡i Mixe ytLx‡K `vb K‡i †`qvB DËg| Gme Bmjvwg ¯‹jviMY Ggb wKQz cwifvlv e¨envi K‡ib hv AZ¨š— AvcwËKi I weåvwš—Ki| †hgb Zviv e‡jb Agymwjg †`‡k kvwiÕAv‡Zi wewa weavb cÖ‡hvR¨

46

bq| cÖK…Zc‡¶ kvwiÕAv‡Z ÒAgymwjg †`kÓ e‡j †Kvb kã e¨eüZ nqwb| eis `vi“j Bmjvg (gyÕwgb Øviv cwiPvwjZ AÂj †hLv‡b Avj(vn‡K mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvi AwaKvix g‡b K‡i ïaygvÎ Avj(vn myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjv Ges imyj (m) Gi AvBb weavb cvjb Kiv nq) Ges `vi“j nvie (`vi“j Bmjv‡gi wecix‡Z Ae ’vbiZ Kzdi ivR¨) e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| Bgvg kv‡dC (in) †h AÂj `vi“j Bmjv‡gi mv‡_ kvwš—i Ges hyjyg wbh©vZb we‡ivax Pzw³‡Z Ave× †m AÂj‡K `vi“j Avn& bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|

Avgiv g‡b Kwi Gme ¯‹jvi‡`i gymwjg-Agymwjg †`k Gai‡bi A¯úó I m‡›`nhy³ cwifvlv ev` w`‡q DwPr n‡jv Ò`vi“j BmjvgÓ I Ô`vi“j nvieÕ Gi gZ cwi¯‹vi I DrK…ó cwifvlv e¨envi Kiv|

hw` Agymwjg †`k‡K Ô`vi“j nvieÕ bvgKiY Kiv nq Zvn‡j †mLv‡b nqZ wiev _vKzK ev bv _vKzK G e¨vcv‡i cÖkœ †Zvjvi cÖ‡qvRb c‡o bv|

Agymwjg †`‡k my`x A_© `vb K‡i †`qvi hyw³wU †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î AvcwËKi I åvš—aviYvi Rb¥ †`q| Avgv‡`i g‡b ivLv Avek¨K, †h †Kvb nvivg Lvevi wKsev nvivg A_© GK gyÕwgb †L‡Z bv cvi‡j Aci gyÕwgb fvB‡K Zv †Kgb K‡i †L‡Z †`qv hvq? gyÕwgb abx wKsev Mixe †mUv cÖkœ bq| Avmj K_v n‡jv hv wKQz nvivg RvwZ, eY©, abx, Mixe wbwe©‡k‡l mKj gyÕwg‡bi Rb¨ nvivg|

W±i Rvgvj ev`Iwq GKRb m‡e©v”P wWMÖxavix Bmjvwg ¯‹jvi evox †Kbv ev evox evbv‡bvi gZ Avek¨Kxq Kv‡R my`x FY †bqv hyw³hy³ g‡b K‡ib| G e¨vcv‡i wkw_j I bgbxq g‡bvfve cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| Zvi g‡Z AZ¨vek¨KxqZvi e¨vcv‡i eZ©gvb mgv‡R G‡Zv K‡VviZv Av‡ivc me‡¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq| GUv ïaygvÎ wKQz we‡kl Ae ’vq cÖ‡qvM Kiv hvq| wiev I `vi“j nvie Ges wiev Ges AZ¨vek¨KxqZv wel‡q Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q GB eB Gi 5g Ges 6ô Aa¨v‡q|

NOTES OF CHAPTER TWO

1. Reprinted by Islamic Book Trust, Kuala Lumpur, 1996.

2. ‘The Message of the Qur’an’. Dar al-Andalus, Gibraltar. 1980. Fn. No. 35 to Qur’an:al-Rum:- 30:39.

3. During a panel discussion in a conference on Human Rights held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in December 1994, Prof. Falk used the term ‘legalized theft’ to describe predatory capitalism.

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4. Translation and Commentary to the Holy Qur’an by Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Note 324 to verse 2:275

5. Cf. R. H.Tawny ‘Religion and the Rise of Capitalism’. Pemguin 1926.

6. Muhammad Iqbal, Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. Oxford University Press. London 1934. p. 170.

7. The blind Egyptian Shaikh, Omar Abdul Rahman, was tried and convicted of waging jihad against USA. But, as a blind man he could not be the amir who, alone, is compeetent to declare jihad (declaration of war).

Secondly, when jihad is declared then that territory in which it is to be waged is designated dar al-harb (i.e. zone of war). Sheikh Omar never made a pronouncement to the effect that USA was dar al-harb. Thirdly, Muslims are prohibited from residing in dar al-harb. They must vacate it. But Sheikh Omar applied for and was granted US Immigrant Visa (Green Card), thus adopting residence in this country. Fourthly, there is no Friday congregational prayer in dar al-harb for obvious reasons of security. That the Sheikh did not recognize USA as dar al-harb was quite clear! He, himself, led the Friday congregational prayers in USA every Friday until he was imprisoned. He is thus innocent of this charge brought against him! But this elementary explanation in this footnote could not reach the jury which decided his guilt on the charge brought against him because the judge ruled that no experts on Islam could testify! What a travesty of justice!

8. I posed the question to him at a meeting we both attended at the invitation of ISNA (Islamic Society of North America) which was held in Indianapolis in June 1995.

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Z…Zxq Aa¨vq: KyiÕAv‡b wiev wbwl×KiY (nvivg †NvlYv) avivevwnKZv eRvq †i‡L ax‡i ax‡i KyiÕAv‡bi AvqvZ bvwhj n‡q wiev nvivg nIqvi Pzovš— †NvlYv †cŠ‡Q †M‡Q|

wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYvi AvqvZ¸wj‡K cÖavbZ wZbwU ¯—‡i fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cÖ_g ¯—i - wievi wewea aŸsmvZ¥K w`K Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i gvbyl‡K m‡PZb Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ AvqvZ bvwhj nq| GB Avqv‡Z ZLbI wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYv Kiv nqwb Ges †ek big fvlv e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| ‡Kbbv GB AvqvZ bvwh‡ji g~j D‡Ïk¨B wQj wievi Kzdj m¤ú‡K© gvbyl‡K wk¶v`vb Kiv|

wØZxq ¯—i - G ¯—‡i wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYv Kiv nq Ges my`‡Lvi‡`i‡K fq †`Lv‡bv nq| c~‡e©i AvqvZ‡K D‡j(L Kivi gva¨‡g wievi Kzdj wel‡q wk¶v`vb Ae¨vnZ _v‡K| G Avqv‡Z Ggb my¯úó fvlv e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q hv‡Z K‡i gyÕwgbMY wiev m„ó A_©‰bwZK †kvlY, wbcxob, weK…Z I wech© — A_© e¨e ’v I Ab¨vb¨ Kzdj wPwýZ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges wievi (my‡`i) cÖwZ Avcbv †_‡KB Zv‡`i g‡a¨ N„Yv‡eva m„wó nq| d‡j Zv‡`i gv‡S wiev ev my`x †jb‡`b eR©b Kivi gb gvbwmKZv ˆZix nq|

Z…Zxq ¯—i - c~‡e©i Avqv‡Zi †Rvov‡jv e³e¨ AviI fq fxwZ cÖ k©b Ae¨vnZ †i‡L wiev‡K nvivg Kivi gva¨‡g Pzovš— †NvlYv †`qv nq| GB Avqv‡Z i‡q‡QÑ

0 wiev wbg~©‡j hy‡×i Aby‡gv`b †`qv

0 F‡Yi my` ev wiev evwZj K‡i †`qvi wb‡ ©kbv

0 wievi Kzdj wel‡q wk¶v`vb Ae¨vnZ _vKv

Bmjv‡gi g~jbxwZ n‡jv, †Kvb welq‡K nvivg †NvlYv Kivi †ek wKQzKvj c~e© †_‡KB AbyK‚j gvbwmKZv I cwi‡ek M‡o †Zvjvi †Póv ïi“ Kiv| KyiÕAv‡b av‡c av‡c wiev wbwl× †NvlYvi c×wZi mv‡_ g`¨cvb, Ryqv-cvkv †Ljv, e¨wfPvi BZ¨vw` nvivg †NvlYvi c×wZi h‡_ó wgj i‡q‡Q| [g` m¤ú‡K© cÖv_wgKfv‡e ïay GUzKzB ejv n‡qwQj †h: †LRyi I Av½y‡ii g‡a¨I (wk¶bxq welq i‡q‡Q) Zv †_‡K †Zvgiv †hgb †bkvKi (bvcvK) `ªe¨ †ei K‡i Av‡bv, †Zgwb Zv †_‡K DËg wih&KI †Zvgiv jvf K‡i _vK| wbtm‡›`‡n Ávbx I we‡eKevb‡`i Rb¨ G‡Z A‡bK wb`k©b i‡q‡Q| (m~iv bvnj, 16:67)| KyiÕAv‡bi GB Avqv‡Z g` †h AcweÎ ïay gvÎ GUzKz ejvB h‡_ó g‡b Kiv n‡qwQj| AZci ejv nj GUv Ab¨Zg Kexiv ¸Yvn| Gi DcKvi wKQzUv _vK‡jI ¶wZi cwigvY AZ¨vwaK| ZrcieZx© Avqv‡Z mjvn& (mvjvZ) Av`v‡qi c~e© gyûZ© †_‡K mjvn& Av`vqKvjxb mgq ch©š— g`¨cvb wbwl× †NvlYv

49

Kiv nq| me©‡kl Avqv‡Z g`¨cvb nvivg nIqvi Pzovš— †NvlYv †`qv nq Ges †m †NvlYv Rvb‡Z cvivi mv‡_ mv‡_ gyÕwgbMY †h g`¨cvb eR©b K‡iwQ‡jb Zv Zv‡`i Cgvbx †PZbvi D¾¡j mv¶¨ enb K‡i| Abyiƒcfv‡e wiev m¤ú‡K© cÖ_‡g GUzKzB ejv n‡qwQj †h wiev (my`) †L‡q KL‡bv gvj-m¤ú` evov‡bv hvq bv eis hvKvZ Av`v‡q, gvj-m¤ú` ev‡o (30:39)| AZci wØZxq ch©v‡q Pµe„w×nv‡i my` LvIqv nvivg †NvwlZ nq (3:130)| Z…Zxq Ges me©‡kl ch©v‡q mKj cÖKvi wiev nvivg nIqvi Pzovš— †NvlYv †`qv nq (2:275-278)|]

wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYvi ch©vqµwgK eY©bv KyiÕAv‡b i‡q‡Q| wiev wel‡q KyiÕAv‡bi AvqvZ bvwh‡ji GB c×wZ †_‡K ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wk¶v cvIqv hvq †h wKfv‡e wievi wei“‡× Bmjvwg Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjv m¤¢e| eZ©gv‡b Av_©-mvgvwRK KvVv‡gvi cÖwZwU ¯—‡i wiev †hfv‡e Rwo‡q Av‡Q G Ae ’vq ûU K‡i wiev eqK‡Ui Av‡›`vjb cwiPvjbv wbtm‡›`‡n GK ai‡bi †evKvgx| hv AwP‡iB e¨_©Zvq ch©‡ewkZ n‡e| eis KyiÕAv‡b †hfv‡e av‡c av‡c m‡PZb K‡i gvbe-RvwZ‡K wk¶v`v‡bi gva¨‡g Pzovš—fv‡e wiev eqKU Av‡›`vj‡b DØy× Kiv n‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡bI wVK GKB fv‡e wiev eqKU Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q, gvbeRvwZ‡K KyiÕAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K h_vh_ wk¶v`v‡bi e¨vcK Kg©KvÛ nv‡Z wb‡Z n‡e| A_©‰bwZK e¨e ’vq weK…wZ I wech©‡qi mwZ¨Kvi KviY I Zvi Bmjvwg mgvavb wel‡q e¨vcK wk¶v Awfhvb Pvwj‡q wievi weiƒ‡× N„Yv‡eva RvMÖZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GKUzKiv ïK‡ii gvsm eZ©gvb gymwj‡gi Kv‡Q †hgb eg‡b”Qvi D‡ ªK K‡i ÔwievÕ f¶Y †h †mB GKB iKg N„wYZ Ges nvivg GgbwK Zvi †_‡K †ekx aŸsmvZ¥K G welqwUB cÖ_‡gB cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi Aš—ig~‡j cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bvi Ae¨vnZ cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e, hZw`b ch©š— bv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi ingvZ gymwjg RvwZi Dci ewl©Z nq Ges mgvR †_‡K wiev wbg©~j m¤¢e nq|

¯qs Avj(vn& ieŸyj AvÕjvgxb †hfv‡e av‡c av‡c wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb †m welqwU Bmjvwg Av‡›`vjbKvix Ges wiev wbg~©j cÖZ¨vkx‡`i we‡klfv‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| †h †Kvb Bmjvwg ivóª hw` wiev wbwl× Kivi †NvlYv †`qvi D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i, Zvn‡j †m wel‡q AvBb-weavb cÖYqb Kivi c~‡e©B mycwiKwíZ Dcv‡q e¨vcK m‡PZbZv M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e|

wiev gyKvwejvq KyiÕAvbx c×wZ- wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYvi cÖ_g I wØZxq ¯—‡ii Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q KyiÕAv‡bi AvqvZ w`‡q| Z…Zxq ¯—‡i imyjyj(vn& (m) Gi we`vq n‡¾i fvlY wiev ev my` wbg©~‡ji Pzovš— †NvlYv‡K wbwðZ K‡i| nhiZ Rvwei web Ave`yj(vn (iv) eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: Gfv‡e Rvwnwjqv‡Zi hy‡Mi wiev (my`) iwnZ n‡q †Mj| Avi wiev mg~‡ni

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g‡a¨ †h wiev Avwg cÖ_‡g iwnZ Kijvg Zv n‡jv Avgvi PvPv AveŸvm web Ave`yj gyËvwj‡ei wiev (my`) hv cy‡ivcywiB iwnZ n‡q †Mj| wZwb ïay gyjab †diZ wb‡eb|

Be&‡b AveŸvm Ges Dgi Beybyj LvËve (iv) e‡j‡Qb, imyjyj(vn (m) Gi Idv‡Zi c~‡e© me©‡kl †h AvqvZ bvwhj n‡q‡Q Zv m~iv evKvivi 278-281| GB AvqvZ mg~‡n Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv K‡Vvi ûwmqvixi gva¨‡g wiev wbwl× K‡i‡Qb Ges wiev MÖnY I cÖ vbKvixi wei“‡× Avj(vn& Ges Zuvi imyj (m)-Gi c¶ †_‡K †h hy× †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb Zvi mgqKvj _vK‡e wKqvgvZ ch©š—| - eyLvix,

Dgi web LvËve (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) Gi Bwš—Kv‡ji c~‡e© me©‡kl bvwhj nq wiev wbwl×Kvix AvqvZ mg~n| †m Kvi‡Y gyÕwgbMY G mKj Avqv‡Zi we¯—vwiZ e¨vL¨v †R‡b †bqvi Av‡MB bex (m) †K nviv‡Z nq| (Be&‡b gvRvn&, `vwigx)1|

g~jZ wiev n‡jv gvivZ¥K jyÚb I †kvl‡Yi nvwZqvi| wiev gymwj‡gi Cgvb weaŸsmx gvibv ¿ hv imyjyj(vn& (m) Gi D¤§vn&i Dci mivmwi Avµgb| wiev welqK KyiÕAv‡bi AvqvZ evi evi GKwU Aš—©wbwnZ mZ¨‡KB wb‡`©k K‡i| Avi †m mZ¨ n‡jv Bmjv‡gi kΓ‡`i c¶ †_‡K mePvB‡Z fqven Ges gvivZ¥K Avµgb Avm‡e wievi gva¨‡g hv gymwjg‡`i Cgvbx †PZbv‡K cÖPÛ cÖZv‡c bvov w`‡q wievi cÖfv‡e Av”Qvw`Z K‡i w`‡e| ‡h Avµgb n‡e gymwjg‡`i Cgvb (wek¦vm), ¯vaxbZv, B”Qvkw³ I ¶gZvi wei“‡× me‡P‡q gvivZ¥K Ges wec¾bK ûgKx|

wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYvi avivevwnKZvq Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv imyj (m) ‡K w`‡q †Kb wZb c‡e© wiev wbg©~‡ji †NvlYv w`‡jb Zvi †cQ‡b mywbw ©ó KviY i‡q‡Q| wiev wbg~©‡ji welqwU g~jZ wQj imyjyj(vn& (m) Gi wgk‡bi me©‡kl Kg©KvÛ| MÖnY‡hvM¨ c×wZ‡Z gymwjg D¤§vn‡K wiev wbg~©‡ji wel‡q eywS‡q †`qvi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv †h Avj(vni ûKzg †g‡b Pjv gymwj‡gi Rb¨ †hgb ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq †Zgwb imyj (m) †K †g‡b PjvI mgvb ¸i“‡Z¡i `vex iv‡L Ges G e¨vcv‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvB fvj Rv‡bb2|

1 †Kvb wKQz nvivg †NvlYvi e¨vcv‡i KyiÕAv‡b hZ mZK©evYx i‡q‡Q Zvi g‡a¨ wiev eR©b I wbg~©‡ji e¨vcv‡i ûwkqvi evYx me©vwaK K‡Vvi I fq¼i| GB fq¼i ûwkqvix m‡Ë¡I wiev eR©‡bi e¨vcviwU gyÕwgb‡`i Cgvb I B”Qvkw³i Dci †Q‡o †`qv n‡qwQj Ges ejv n‡qwQj: †n gyÕwgbMY Avj;vn‡K fq Ki Ges †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q †h wiev evKx i‡q †M‡Q Zv eR©b Ki hw` mwZ¨Kvi gyÕwgb nI| Avi hw` wiev †Q‡o bv `vI Zvn‡j ï‡b bvI-Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv I imyj (m) Gi c¶ †_‡K hy‡×i †NvlYv| (2:281)|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K Ggb fqvbK P¨v‡jÄ ï‡b †h †Kvb gyÕwg‡bi Aš—iB bvov †`‡e| Avj(vn&i kvw¯—i f‡q Auvr†K DV‡e gyÕwg‡bi ü`q-gb| Avi GB fq †_‡KB gyÕwgb mZ¨ mwVK c_ Luy‡R †bqvi cÖqvm cv‡e| ZvQvov Zviv †evSvi †Póv Ki‡e wKfv‡e ˆbwZK, e¨w³MZ, mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges ivR‰bwZK †¶‡Î gvbeRxe‡bi cÖwZwU av‡c wiev fqven wel Qwo‡q gvby‡li Rxeb‡K c½y I ywe©mn K‡i †`q|

2 Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb, †Zvgiv Avj(vn I Zuvi imy‡ji K_v †g‡b P‡jv (AvbyMZ¨ Ki) hw` gyÕwgb n‡q _v‡Kv (myiv Avbdvj, 8:1, Av‡iv †`Lyb 4:59, 24:54)|

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Avj-KyiÕAv‡b wiev I Ab¨vb¨ wewa weavb msµvš— Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †evSv hvq †h AvZ¥ïw× AwR©Z nq Avj(vn ZvÔAvjvi whK&i (mve©¶wYKfv‡e Avj(vni ¯§i‡Yi gva¨‡g Avj(vni AvBb weavb cvjb, Ges mKj wPš—v †PZbvq Avj(vn‡K nvwhi bvwhi fvev) Gi gva¨‡g| †gvU K_v my‡`i wel‡q eyS‡Z n‡j gvbe gb‡K c~e© †_‡KB b~‡ii Av‡jvq D™¢vwmZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Avi b~i n‡jv mZ¨-mwVK Ávb-hvi Av‡jv‡K gvbyl wb‡Ri I wek¦RM‡Zi wb yp mZ¨ Rvb‡Z I eyS‡Z cv‡i| Avi gvbyl mZ¨‡K Rvb‡Z eyS‡Z cvi‡j wbR Rxe‡bi D‡Ïk¨ I j¶¨ Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡i| d‡j †mB ~i`„wói Av‡jv w`‡q wP‡b wb‡Z cv‡i mwVK c_ Ges ïi“ K‡i weï× Kg©c‡_ AMÖmi nIqvi hvÎv| gyÕwg‡bi Aš—i hLb wn`vqv‡Zi b~i Øviv Av‡jvwKZ nq ZLb Avj(vn&i AvBb weavb cvj‡b gb gvbwmKZv Avcwb‡ZB ˆZix n‡q hvq| Aš—‡i wn`vqv‡Zi b~‡ii Abycw ’wZ Avj(vn& I imyj (m) Gi AvBb weavb cvj‡b evavi m„wó K‡i| imyj (m) Gi beyqv‡Zi cÖ_g Qq †_‡K mvZ eQi mgqKv‡j wiev (my`) welqK Av‡jvPbv K‡i †Kvb AvqvZ bvwhj nqwb †Kbbv ZrKvjxb mg‡q mgMÖ Avie Ry‡o wQj fqven my`x Kg©Kv‡Ûi e¨vcK cÖPjb| Avj-KyiÕAv‡b wiev welqK me©cÖ_g AvqvZ bvwhj nq m~iv Avi iƒg Gi 39 b¤i Avqv‡Z|

KyiÕAv‡bi fvlvq wiev ej‡Z hv †evSvq Zv n‡jv KR© ev FY w`‡q webv cwikª‡g ev webv SuywK‡Z ïay mg‡qi wn‡m‡e gybvdv jv‡fi bv‡g my` LvIqv| wievi ¶wZKi w`K¸wj Av‡jvPbv K‡i ZrKvjxb gvbyl‡K m‡PZb bv K‡i nVvr K‡i wiev wbwl× Ki‡j A‡b‡K Gi gg©, KviY I hyw³ mwVKfv‡e eyS‡Z cvi‡e bv, ZvB Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv ax‡i ax‡i gyÕwg‡bi ü`‡q wn`vqv‡Zi b~i m„wói gva¨‡g wievi †kvlY I ¶wZKi w`K¸wj Abyaveb Kwi‡q †`b Ges wiev eR©‡bi Pzovš— wb‡ ©k cvVvb| wiev ev my‡`i fqven ¶wZi e¨vcv‡i KyiÕAv‡bi AvqvZ w`‡q gvbyl‡K eywS‡q my‡`i cÖwZ N„Yv Rb¥v‡bvB wQj Avmj D‡Ïk¨| hv‡Z K‡i gvbeRvwZ my`x †jb‡`b eR©b K‡i mZZv, b¨vq civqbZv, GKZv I åvZ…Z¡‡ev‡a DØy× n‡q ev¯—egyLx Av_©-mvgvwRK KvVv‡gv cÖwZôv I msi¶‡Y m‡Pó nq| wiev welqK KyiÕAv‡b bvwhjK…Z cÖv_wgK Avqv‡Z wiev‡K nvivg ev wbwl×Ki‡Yi K_v ¯úó K‡i ejv nqwb| hw`I Bmjv‡g me©cÖKvi wiev (my`) nvivg| eZ©gvb mgv‡Ri gZ ZrKvjxb Avie mgv‡Ri i‡Ü« i‡Ü« wievi (my‡`i) yó I welv³ ¶Z, K¨vÝv‡ii gZ e¨vcK I gvivZ¥K AvKv‡i Qov‡bv wQj| GLv‡b D‡j(L¨ †h, Bûw` RvwZB me©cÖ_g wievi (my‡`i) cÖPjb NUvq| Bûw` e¨emvqxiv Zv‡`i my`x e¨emvi gva¨‡g mgv‡R Pig wech©q m„wó K‡iwQj (5:62-63)| Z_vwc wiev m„ó A‰ea, †eAvBbx Pig wbh©vZbg~jK Kg©KvÛ ZrKvjxb mvaviY gvby‡li Kv‡Q †Zv bqB GgbwK ¯‹jvi, e¨emvqx Ges mgvR‡mex e¨w³ I †MvwôI Zv mn‡R eyS‡Z cv‡ibwb| hZw`b bv e¨w³ I mgv‡R ˆbwZK I Cgvbx †PZbv m„wó nq, ZZw`b Ab¨vq, †kvlY, wbh©vZb g~jK Kg©KvÛ gvby‡li

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†Pv‡L mn‡R aiv c‡o bv, d‡j KyiÕAv‡bi AvBb weavb †h Aek¨ cvjbxq Zvi gg© Zviv h_vh_ fv‡e eyS‡Z cv‡ibv| KviY Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi (AÁZvi) AÜKvi gvby‡li Aš—i Ges †Pv‡L c`©v (wMkvIqv) †d‡j iv‡L| hw` mZ¨-mwVK wk¶v, AvZ¥ïw× I Av‡Z¥vbœq‡Yi gva¨‡g Aš—i-g‡b wn`vqv‡Zi b~i cq`v bv nq Zvn‡j †Pv‡Li †m AveiY KLbB †Lvjv m¤¢e nqbv| Aš—‡i wn`vqv‡Zi b~i (Av‡jv) m„wó n‡j Aš—i I †Pv‡Li c ©v AvcbvAvcwbB Ly‡j hvq Avi ZLbB gvbyl nK I evwZ‡ji cv_©K¨ eyS‡Z cv‡i hv c~‡e© KL‡bv †evSv m¤¢e n‡Zvbv| wn`vqv‡Zi b~‡ii gva¨‡g m„ó gReyZ Cgv‡bi e‡`Šj‡Z gvbyl evwZj‡K eR©b K‡i nK cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g wb‡R‡K m‡Pó ivLvi †Póv Pvjvq| ZLb Avi Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †Kvb weavb cvjb †Zgb KwVb g‡b nq bv| Avi KwVb g‡b n‡jI Avj(vn&i Avhv‡ei f‡q gvbyl Zuvi mxgv jsNb Kivi mvnm cvqbv|

Avgiv Ggwb GK hy‡M Rxeb hvcb KiwQ †h hy‡Mi eY©bvq imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb - Av`g (Av) mviv we‡k¦i kqZv‡bi †bZv †h Bewjm‡K †`‡L‡Qb Ges hvi RxebKvj wKqvgvZ ch©š— cÖmvwiZ| †m Bewjm‡K AvgivI cÖZ¨¶ KiwQ †h Bewjm wbZ¨ bZzb †drbv-d¨vmv` m„wói D‡Ï‡k¨ m`v Zrci| BwZg‡a¨B gvbeRvwZi cÖwZ Bewj‡mi me©e„nr aŸsmvZ¥K Avµgb cwZZ n‡q‡Q| GKB mv‡_ BqvRyR-gvÕRyR gyw³ †c‡q Bewj‡mi †`vmi n‡q fqvbK aŸsmhÁ Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| wg_¨vev`x, cÖZviK `v¾vjI †jvKP¶zi Aš—iv‡j †_‡K Aweivg Avµgb Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| wek¦e¨vcx wievi aŸsmvZ¥K †Qvej `v¾v‡ji Avµgb‡K AviI mdj iƒc w`‡q‡Q| wievi Avµgb Pvjv‡bv n‡”Q QjPvZzix I wekvj cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g hv mn‡R †evSv hvq bv Ges †`Lv hvq bv| ZvQvov cÖZviK `v¾vjiv‡Zv gvbyl‡K Kíiv‡R¨ wePi‡Yi e¨e ’v cvKv‡cv³ K‡i †i‡L‡Q wfwWI, Pjw”PÎ, †Uwjwfkb, wfwmAvi, wfwmwW BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g wgwWqv mš¿vm Qwo‡q| gvbyl AvR †Nv‡ii g‡a¨ w`bvwZcvZ Ki‡Q e‡j wievm„ó `v¾v‡ji welv³ Avµg‡bi welwµqv Dcjwä Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡”Q| Bewjm, BqvRyR-gvÕRyR I `v¾v‡ji weåvwš— I cÖZviYv Abyave‡bi c~e©kZ© n‡jv gvbe g‡b b~‡ii (wn`vqv‡Zi Av‡jv) Dcw ’wZ I Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMiY (evwmin)| GB b~i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi we‡kl wbÕAvgvZ, hvi Øviv gvby‡li Avf¨š—ixY RMZ Av‡jvq D™¢vwmZ nq| †h Av‡jvq „k¨gvb nq `~‡ii I Kv‡Qi eû wRwbl hv b~‡ii Abycw ’wZi Kvi‡Y GKB RvqMvq mnve ’vb K‡iI GKRb †`L‡Z cvq Avi Ab¨iv Zv †`L‡Z cvq bv| G wel‡q gymv (Av) †K Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wk¶v w`‡qwQ‡jb wLwhi (Av) Gi gva¨‡g hvi eb©bv i‡q‡Q m~iv Avj Kvn&‡di 60 †_‡K 82 b¤i Avqv‡Z (18: 60-82)| †Kvb wel‡q ev¯—eZvi Mfx‡i cÖ‡ek bv K‡i gvby‡li c‡¶ †Kvb cÖ‡kœi mwVK mgvavb †ei Kiv KLbI m¤¢e nq bv| g~jZ gyÕwg‡bi Aš—i b~‡ii Av‡jv Øviv Av‡jvwKZ _v‡K| gyÕwg‡bi ev¯—e Áv‡bi gv‡S weivR K‡i

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Ava¨vwZ¥K kw³| ZvB ev¯—eZvB Ava¨vwZ¥KZv (reality is spiritual)1| wiev MwVZ AZ¨vPvi wbcxob mvaviYZ Dc ’vwcZ nq cÖZviYvgq mvayZvi †gvo‡K †X‡K QÙ‡e‡ki gva¨‡g| GB QÙ‡ekx cÖZvibvi Rvj mvaviY gvbyl‡Zv y‡ii K_v hviv wb‡R‡`i‡K we‡klÁ I ¯‹jvi wn‡m‡e `vex K‡ib ZvivI eyS‡Z fyj K‡ib| AvR‡Ki gymwjg‡`i Rb¨ †h wekvj I myMfxi wk¶v i‡q‡Q| Zv nj GB †h fwel¨‡Z A‡bK ag© wbi‡c¶ hviv cÖK…Zc‡¶ Avj(vn& wegyL gymwj‡gi D™¢e NU‡e Avi D”P wWMÖxavix †ckv`vi †kªYx gymwjg mgv‡R D”P c`¸wj‡Z Avmxb _vK‡eb| hviv eZ©gvb A_© e¨e ’vq weK…Z Z_v mviv we‡k¦ wievi Dcw ’wZ Abyfe Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡eb Avi Zviv A‡b‡KB ZLb hyw³ †`Lv‡eb (Avãyj(vn& BDmyd Avjxi gZ) †h e¨vs‡Ki gybvdv wiev bq| cÖK…Zc‡¶ GgbI †jvK _vK‡eb hviv hyw³ †`Lv‡eb †h my` wfwËK e¨vswKs e¨e ’v eZ©gvb BD‡ivwcqvb cuywRev`x A_©bxwZi g~j PvwjKv kw³| Avi GUv G hy‡Mi me‡P‡q eo mdjZv I AR©b| G ai‡Yi D”P wWMÖxavix †jv‡Kiv GUv eyS‡Z GZUvB A¶g n‡eb †h AvaywbK BD‡ivwcqvb wiev wfwËK A_©bxwZB †h gvbeRvwZ‡K †kvl‡Yi †gv¶g nvwZqvi hv Av¶wiK A‡_©B gvbeRvwZi i³ ï‡l wb‡”Q Zviv Zv †g‡b wb‡Z A¯xKvi Ki‡eb| AvR‡Ki gymwjg‡`i Rb¨ G wk¶vB AwZ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †h AvaywbK wk¶vq wkw¶Z Kw_Z gymwjg †ckv`v‡iiv wievi wek¦Rwbb Dcw ’wZ eyS‡Z A¶g †_‡KB hv‡e hZ¶Y bv Zv‡`i gv‡S ˆbwZK Ges Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMiY N‡U| Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMiY I ˆbwZK Dbœq‡Yi d‡j hLb Zv‡`i †Pv‡Li c ©v D‡b¥vwPZ n‡e ZLb †m me c_åó gymwj‡giv ZvB †`L‡e hv Ab¨ mgq KLbB Zv‡`i c‡¶ †`Lv m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| wiev wfwËK wek¦ A_© e¨e ’v Ges ivóªxq e¨e ’vi i‡Ü« i‡Ü« Qwo‡q cov wki&K I Kzd‡ii welq¸wj †h fqsKi P¨v‡jÄ Dc ’vcb K‡i‡Q Zvi Af¨š—‡i cÖ‡ek Kiv, Zv Abyaveb Kiv Ges †m Abyhvqx h_vh_ e¨e ’v MÖn‡Yi †hvM¨Zv AR©‡bi mv‡_ Rwo‡q i‡q‡Q Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi Dbœqb| GB Ava¨vwZ¥K Ges ˆbwZK RvMiYB me‡P‡q Z¨vM I me‡ii welq| Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb we‡kl cÖwk¶YÑ hv‡Z _vK‡e Ávb, wnKgvZ I Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi mylg mswgkªY| GUv Aek¨B Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi we‡kl `qvi Dci wbf©ikxj| †m Kv‡ji cÖK…Z mydx kvqL wQ‡jb Ava¨vwZ¥K wel‡q cÖwZfvm¤úbœ e¨w³Z¡| Avgv‡`i gv‡S Av‡Rv wZwb i‡q‡Qb Ava¨vwZ¥K RM‡Zi Avj(vgv BKevj g‡Wj wn‡m‡e| eZ©gvb gymwjg‡`i Rb¨ Pig j¾v I `yt‡Li welq n‡jv mgKvjxb we‡k¦i wk¶v e¨e ’vi †Kvb ¯—‡iB ˆbwZK I 1 Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv gyÕwgb‡`i Aš—‡i Cgvb I wn`vqv‡Zi b~i `vb K‡ib| GB b~‡ii gva¨‡g Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ggb e¨e ’v K‡i †i‡L‡Qb hv‡Z K‡i gyÕwgbiv Aš—© „wói mvnv‡h¨ ~‡ii I Kv‡Qi eû wel‡q Ávb AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvB KyiÕAvb-mybœvn&i c‡i, Av‡iv GKwU Ávb AR©‡bi gva¨g n‡jv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K mZ¨-mwVK ¯cœ Ges gyÕwg‡bi Aš—© „wó| hv beyqv‡Zi Aemvb NUv m‡Z¡I wKqvgvZ ch©š— we`¨gvb _vK‡e| ZvB bex (m) e‡j‡Qb: †h e¨w³ ‡ekx mZ¨ev`x n‡e Zvi ¯cœI †ekx mZ¨ n‡e Avi gyÕwg‡bi ¯cœ beyqv‡Zi †QPwj;k fv‡Mi GK fvM| (wZiwghx 4:2294)|

54

wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’v eyS‡Z n‡j gyÕwg‡bi GB Aš—© „wó‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e| GB †drbvi hy‡M Ava¨vwZ¥KZv‡K wPb‡Z cvivi wjUgvm cix¶v wbwnZ i‡q‡Q †h wel‡qi mv‡_ Zvn‡jv AvaywbK wiev wfwËK ag© wbi‡c¶ wek¦ A_© e¨e ’v Ges ivwóªq e¨e ’vq wki&‡Ki AeZvibv|

Øxwb wk¶v I Zvi Abykxj‡bi AeKvk †bB| eZ©gv‡b Ggb †Kvb Bmjvwg wk¶v bxwZgvjv I welqe ‘ M„nxZ nq bv hvi gva¨‡g Cgvbx †PZbv, Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMiY I h_vh_ RvMwZK wk¶vi mylg mswgkª‡Y Rbkw³ MwVZ n‡q gnv y‡h©v‡M wbgw¾Z gymwjg RvwZ‡K cybi“×v‡i AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖK…Zc‡¶ AvaywbK BmjvwgK wk¶v Avgv‡`i †mB Ava¨vwZ¥K wk¶v Ges cÖwk¶Y w`‡Z cv‡i hv Avgv‡`i Aš—‡i Cgv‡bi Av‡jvi wewKiY NUv‡e| Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMi‡Y myôz f~wgKv ivLvi D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b wb‡q ZrKvjxb gymwjg wek¦‡K mvZ eQi a‡i Cgvb I m‡Z¨i `vIqvZ w`‡qwQ‡jb imyj (m)| AZci ZrKvjxb mgv‡Ri gvby‡li gv‡S wiev eR©‡b gb-gvbwmKZv ˆZix m¤úbœ n‡jB Z‡e wiev wel‡q cÖ_g AvqvZ bvwhj nq| g°vq bvwhjK…Z cÖ_gw`‡Ki m~iv Avj-ûgvhvn&q Avj(vn&ZvÔAvjv wiev wel‡q AcÖZ¨¶ Cw½Z w`‡q‡Qb,

wiev Pzovš—fv‡e nvivg †NvlYvi c~‡e© wiev msµvš— bvwhjK…Z AvqvZ mg~n aŸsm cÖwZwU mvg‡b wb›`vKvix I wcQ‡b †`vl cÖPviKvix e¨w³i Rb¨ (hviv †h †Kvb cÖKvi Acev` iwU‡q †eovq)| †h e¨w³ gvj-m¤ú` mÂq K‡i Ges (evievi) Zv ¸‡Y iv‡L| †m g‡b K‡i Zvi gvj-m¤ú` Zvi Kv‡Q wPiKvj _vK‡e (Ges Zv‡K wPi ’vqx K‡i ivL‡e Avi Zvi m¤ú` hv evo‡ZB _vK‡e KLbB Kg‡Z cvi‡e bv| †m hZw`b †eu‡P _vK‡e weËevb _vK‡e Zv‡K †KDB Zvi gvj Kgv‡Z cvi‡e bv)| KL‡bv bq, †m Aek¨B wbw¶ß n‡e ûZvgvn& ev wePzY©Kvix ’v‡bi g‡a¨ (hv Zv‡K wcwl‡q †dj‡e)| (†n bex) Avcwb wK Rv‡bb ûZvgvn&Uv wK? (Zv n‡jv) Avj(vn&i Av¸b, DËß, Drw¶ß †h Av¸b (Zvi) Aš—i ch©š— †cŠ‡Q hv‡e| wbðqB Zv (Av¸b) Zv‡`i Dci XvKbv w`‡q eÜ K‡i †`qv n‡e| GgZve ’vq Zviv cwi‡ewóZ n‡e DuPz DuPz ¯—‡¤¢ (hvi g‡a¨ Zviv k¦vmiƒ×Ki Ae¯’vq cwZZ n‡e)| (104:1-8)|

Bmjvgc~e© Rvwnwjqv‡Zi mgq Avie mgv‡R A_©‡jvfx abx m¤cÖ v‡qi g‡a¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi ˆbwZK †`vl ΓwU weivRgvb wQj| Av‡jvP¨ m~ivq ZviB wefrmZv eY©bv K‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Pig †µva cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv n‡jb GKgvÎ iv¾vK ev wih&K`vZv Ab¨ †KDB wih&K `vZv n‡Z cv‡i bv| Avj(vn&B hvi hvi Pvwn`v gZ wih&K e›Ub K‡ib| KyiÕAv‡b Bikv` n‡q‡Q:

Avi Avgiv (Aviex fvlvi cÖPwjZ wbqg Abyhvqx AwaK gh©v`v I ¸i“Z¡ †evSv‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv ÔAvwgÕ Gi cwie‡Z© Avgiv kã e¨envi K‡i‡Qb) Zv‡Z wih&‡Ki

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e¨e ’v K‡iwQ †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ Ges Ab¨ mKj m„wói Rb¨| hv‡`i (KviiB) wih&K`vZv †Zvgiv bI| (m~iv wnRi, 15:20)|

wZwbB GB hgx‡bi Dci cvnvomg~n‡K †M‡o w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zv‡Z eûgyLx Kj¨vY †i‡L w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zv‡Z (mK‡ji) Avnv‡ii cwigvY wba©viY K‡i‡Qb Pvi w`b mg‡qi †fZi, wih&K AbymÜvbKvix‡`i R‡b¨ me DcKiY (i‡q‡Q hvi hvi Pvwn`v gZ) mgvb mgvb| (m~iv dywm¨jvZ ev nvÑgxg mvR`vn&, 41:10)|

hgx‡bi Dci wePiYkxj Ggb †Kvb Rxe †bB, hvi wih&K (†cŠQv‡bvi `vwqZ¡) Avj(vn&i wbK‡U †bB, wZwb (`ywbqvi Rxe‡b †hgb) Zvi Avevm m¤ú‡K© AewnZ, (†Zgwb Zvi g„Zz¨i ci) Zv‡K †hLv‡b ivLv n‡e ZvI wZwb Rv‡bb| Gme welq wjLv Av‡Q my¯úó wKZv‡e| (m~iv û`, 11:6)| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv we‡k¦i mKj m¤ú` gvbeRvwZi gv‡S e›Ub K‡i w`‡q‡Qb wVKB wKš‘ G wb‡ ©kI i‡q‡Q cÖ‡Z¨‡KB †hb nvjvj Dcv‡q kª‡gi gva¨‡g Zvi wbR Ask AR©b K‡i †bq|

Avi AwP‡iB Zvi mKj Kg©KvÛ (cix¶v K‡i) †`Lv n‡e| AZci Zv‡K Zvi cy‡ivcywi wewbgq †`qv n‡e| (m~iv bvR&g, 53:40-41)|

Gfv‡e Kg n‡jI KyiÕAv‡bi `kwU Avqv‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Pvwn`vgZ wih&K e›U‡bi Ges Zuvi B‡”QgZ wih&K evov‡bv ev Kgv‡bvi wel‡q eY©bv K‡i‡Qb (†`Lyb-13:26, 2:240, 17:30, 28:82, 29:62, 30:37, 34:36, 34:39, 39:52, 42:12)|

Avi hw` Avgiv hvKvZ ev mv`vKv †`B Zvn‡j Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv ïaygvÎ Avgiv hv e¨q K‡iwQ ZviB cÖwZ`vb w`‡eb ZvB bq eis eû¸‡Y evwo‡q Zv Avgv‡`i‡K wdwi‡q w`‡eb e‡j gnvb Avj(vn& cvK Iqv`v K‡i‡Qb (m~iv iƒg-30:39)|

A_P eZ©gvb we‡k¦i AwaKvsk gvbyl wek¦vm K‡i bv †h cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki nvjvj wih&K GKgvÎ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv mieivn K‡ib|1

Gme †jvK¸wj m¤ú`‡K LyeB fvjev‡m| Zviv Zv‡`i Rxeb I †Póv-mvabv cy‡ivUvB DrmM© K‡i †`q cÖK…Z cÖ‡qvR‡bi †P‡q AwZwi³ gvj m¤ú` (AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB nvivg Dcv‡q) AvniY I Rgv‡bvi †Póvq| †m Kvi‡Y Zviv (A‰ea Dcv‡q) abevb n‡ZB _v‡K| Zv‡`i GKvš— B”Qv †hb cÖvPzh© I †fvM wejvwmZvi g‡a¨ †_‡K `ywbqvi Rxeb †K‡U hvq|

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1 hw` †Zvgiv ïK&i Av`vq Ki Zvn‡j Avgiv Aek¨B (Avgv‡`i wbÕAvgvZ) evwo‡q †`e| Avi †Zvgiv A¯xKvi (Kzdix) Ki‡j (†R‡b †i‡Lv) Avgvi Avhve gvivZ¥K KwVb| (myiv Beªvnxg 15:7)|

Avi wih&‡Ki e¨vcv‡i ïaygvÎ Avj(vn&i Dci fimv K‡i nvjvj cš’v Aej¤^Y‡K †m‡K‡j aviYv ev †evKvgx KvR e‡j g‡b Kiv nq| d‡j wih&K AvniY I e›U‡bi `vwqZ¡ -AvR wb‡R‡`i Nv‡o Zz‡j wb‡q‡Q AwaKvsk gvbyl| Avj(vn&i c¶ †_‡K Zv‡`i Rb¨ nvjvj ev ˆea eivχK Zviv h‡_ó g‡b K‡i bv|1

Avgv‡`i g‡b ivLv Avek¨K †h ïaygvÎ Avj(vn&i ‡`qv wih&KB nvjvj| Avi nvivg cš’vq hv wKQz gvbyl AR©b K‡i Zv KLbI Avj(vn&i †`qv wih&K n‡Z cv‡i bv| †h mKj m¤ú` cÖZviYv, Pywi, jyÚb BZ¨vw` †h‡Kvb nvivg Dcv‡q AwR©Z nq Zv Zvi wb‡RiB AR©b| †Kbbv Avj(vn& wb‡R cweÎ Zvi mieivnK…Z gvj m¤ú`I cweÎ| Avi cÖZviYv, Pzwii gva¨‡g hv wKQz AwR©Z nq Zv meB ÔwievÕ (my`)|

Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv GB mKj nvivg DcvR©bKvix e¨w³ Ges Amr Dcv‡q DcvwR©Z Zv‡`i m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ m¤úK© †Q` K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Avj(vn ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q fqven Avhve2|

g°vi cÖv_wgK hy‡Mi Aci GKwU m~ivq cÖZviYvi wel‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †µva cÖKvk K‡i e‡j‡Qb:

aŸsm Zv‡`i Rb¨ hviv gv‡c Kg †`q (Ges cÖZviYv K‡i)| hviv Ab¨‡`i †_‡K †bqvi mgq cy‡ivcywi MÖnY K‡i wKš‘ wb‡Riv hLb IRb K‡i ev †g‡c †`q ZLb 1 ZvB Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Zid †_‡K Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i eiv‡Ïi mv‡_ A‰ea Dcv‡q A‡b¨i eivÏK…Z wih&K †fvM Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`I gv‡S A`g¨ AvKvsLv m„wó nq| fveLvbv Ggb †hb mviv ywbqvi gvj m¤ú` ïay Zv‡`iB `L‡j _vKzK hv‡Z K‡i Zviv gnvRb †m‡R Ab¨ mevB‡K †kvlY, wbh©vZ‡bi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i †Kbv †Mvjvg evwb‡q ivL‡Z cv‡i| †m Kvi‡Y nv`x‡m Kz`mx‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb

wbðqB myôzfv‡e mvjvn& Kv‡qg I hvKvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Avwg gvj-m¤ú` `vb K‡iwQ| hw` †Kvb Av`g mš—v‡bi GK DcZ¨Kv cwigvY gvj-m¤ú` _v‡K ZLb †m wbðqB Kvgbv K‡i †hb Zvi wØZxq DcZ¨Kv cwigvY m¤ú` G‡m hvq| Avi hw` Zvi yB DcZ¨Kv cwigvY m¤ú` G‡m hvq Z‡e †m wbðqB evmbv K‡i, Zvi Rb¨ Z…Zxq DcZ¨Kv cwigvY m¤ú` AvmyK| Avi Av`g mš—v‡bi ‡cU gvwU Qvov †Kvb e ‘ fi‡Z cvi‡e bv|] nv`x‡m Kz`mx bs 190, c„ 150 Bdvev|

†n Av`g mš—vb, †Zvgvi Kv‡Q G cwigvY gvj _vK‡Z cv‡i hv †Zvgvi cÖ‡qvR‡bi Rb¨ h‡_ó A_P Zzwg G cwigvY PvI hv †Zvgv‡K c_åó I we‡ ªvnx K‡i Zzj‡e| †n Av`g mš—vb! hw` Zzwg my ’ kix‡i ivwÎ cvi Ki, †Zvgvi cwievi I cïcv‡ji wfZi Zzwg wbivc` _vK Ges GKw`‡bi Lv`¨ _v‡K Z‡e evowZUzKz Ab¨R‡bi (mg¯— ywbqvi) Rb¨ †Q‡o `vI| (nv`x‡m Kz`mx bs 191)|

2 hw`I AvcvZ „wó‡Z g‡b n‡e ywbqv‡ZB Zviv Rvbœv‡Z emevm Ki‡Q| wKš‘ cÖK…Zc‡¶ Zv‡`i Aš—i _v‡K Akvš—| bvbv Kvi‡Y Zviv wbwð‡š— Nygv‡ZI cv‡i bv| wbivcËv Luy‡R †d‡i me© v ZvB Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i‡K Ges Zv‡`i m¤ú`‡K cvnvov †`qvi Rb¨ wekvj AÆvwjKv ˆZix K‡i| Zv‡`i hZB _vKzK bv †Kb Av‡iv AwaK cvIqvi †jv‡f Zviv m`v e¨¯— _v‡K| d‡j AvwLiv‡Zi cv‡_q AR©‡b Mvwdj (D`vmxb) _vKv Ae ’vqB Zviv K¡e‡i P‡j hvq| Zviv eyS‡ZB cv‡i bv †h Zv‡`i Rxeb avivB g~jZ †edvq`v Kv‡R e¨¯— †i‡L Zv‡`i Rvnvbœv‡g hvIqvi iv¯—v Db¥y³ K‡i †i‡L‡Q (Z‡e Zviv ZvIev K‡i wb‡R‡`i ïa‡i wb‡j Avjv`v K_v)|

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Zv‡Z Kg K‡i †`q| Zviv wK fv‡e bv †h Zv‡`i mKj‡KB (GKw`b) wePv‡ii Rb¨ Kei †_‡K Zz‡j Avbv n‡e| (m~iv gyZvd&wddxb, 83:1-5)|

KyiÕAv‡bi eû Avqv‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wb‡Riv wb‡R‡`i‡K aŸsm bv Kivi Rb¨ gvbyl‡K ûwkqvi K‡i w`‡q‡Qb: †Zvgiv Avj;vn&i iv¯—vq LiP Ki, Avi wb‡R‡`i nvZ w`‡q wb‡R‡`i‡K aŸs‡mi w`‡K †V‡j w`Ibv| Avj;vn& gynwmbxb‡`i (mrKg©kxj‡`i) fvjev‡mb| (m~iv evKviv, 2:195)|

Avgiv Ggb KZ (AmsL¨) Rbc`‡K aŸsm K‡i w`‡qwQ, †h Rbc‡`i Awaevmxiv wb‡R‡`i cÖvPz‡h©i `i“b AnsKvix n‡q wM‡qwQj| AZGe j¶¨ Ki Zv‡`i Nievwo¸wj k~Y¨ n‡q c‡o Av‡Q, †hLv‡b cieZx© †Z Lye Kg †jvKB emevm K‡i‡Q| Avi AvgivB (Aviex fvlvi e¨envwiK wbqg Abyhvqx AwaK gh©v`v cÖKvkv‡_© Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv †Kvb †Kvb Avqv‡Z ÔAvwgÕ Gi cwie‡Z© ÔAvgivÕ kã e¨envi K‡i‡Qb) njvg †mm‡ei cÖK…Z DËivwaKvix| (m~iv Kmvm, 28:58)|

KyiÕAv‡b ewY©Z Kviƒ‡Yi Kvwnbx, abm¤ú‡`i Kvi‡Y AnsKvix I Avj(vn‡`ªvnx nIqvi D¾¡j „óvš— enb K‡i| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Kviƒ‡Yi †m”QvPvwiZvi kvw¯— Ggb KwVbfv‡e w`‡qwQ‡jb †h, gvwU Zv‡K Zvi gvj-m¤ú` mn MÖvm K‡i †d‡j| Avi †m Kvwnbx Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡`i Rb¨ wk¶vi DcKiY wn‡m‡e Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb:

wbðqB KviƒY wQj gymv (Av) Gi KIg ev RvwZi GKRb e¨w³| wKš‘ ‡m Zvi RvwZi wei“‡× we‡ ªvnx n‡q J×Z¨ cÖKvk Ki‡jv| Avi Avgiv Zv‡K G‡Zv †ekx abfvÛvi w`‡qwQjvg (hv Ggb wQj †h) wbðqB Zvi Pvwe¸wji fvi enb Kiv GK`j kw³kvjx †jv‡Ki c‡¶I KóKi n‡Zv| GKevi hLb Zvi RvwZi †jv‡Kiv Zv‡K ejj (†n KviƒY) Avb‡›` AvZ¥nviv n‡qvbv, wbðqB Avj;vn& Avb‡›` AvZ¥nviv n‡q _vKv †jvK‡`i cQ›` K‡ib bv| Avj;vn& †Zvgv‡K †h gvj-m¤ú` w`‡q‡Qb Zv w`‡q AvwLiv‡Zi Ni evbv‡bvi †Póv Ki| Z‡e ywbqv n‡ZI †Zvgvi wb‡Ri Ask wb‡Z fy‡j †hIbv| Avi (gvby‡li cÖwZ) Zzwg ingvZ ev AbyMÖn Ki Avj;vn& †Zvgvi cÖwZ †hgb ingvZ K‡i‡Qb| Avi hgx‡b d¨vmv` m„wói AhynvZ A‡šlY K‡ivbv| wbðqB Avj;vn& d¨vmv` m„wóKvix‡`i cQ›` K‡ib bv| ZLb †m Rev‡e ejj, ÒG mewKQz‡Zv Avgv‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q Avgvi Cj&‡gi (Áv‡bi) Kvi‡YÓ| †m wK Rvb‡Zv bv Zvi c~‡e© eû †jvK‡KB Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv aŸsm K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| hviv Zvi †P‡q AwaK kw³kvjx I Rbe‡ji AwaKvix wQj? Avi Acivax‡`i KL‡bvB Zv‡`i Aciva m¤ú‡K© (AvwLiv‡Z) wR‡Ám Kiv n‡e bv| GKw`b †m Lye RuvKRg‡Ki mv‡_ Zvi RvwZi mvg‡b (AnsKvixi †e‡k) †ei n‡qwQj| hviv `ywbqvi Rxe‡bi myL‡fvM AvKvsLv Ki‡Zv Zviv ej‡jv nvq Avd‡mvm, KviƒY‡K hv †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv hw` Avgv‡`i‡KI †`qv n‡Zv| †m wbðqB eo ZvKw`iIqvjv| wKš‘ hviv cÖK…Z Cj&‡gi AwaKvix wQj Zviv ejj, †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ ytL nq| hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges mrKvR K‡i‡Q Avj;vn&i (Kv‡Q Mw”QZ AvwLiv‡Zi) cyi¯‹viB Zv‡`i Rb¨ DËg| meikxj (ˆah©kxj) Qvov †KD Zv †c‡Z cv‡i bv| AZci Avgiv Zv‡K mn Zvi

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cÖvmv` hgx‡b cuy‡Z †djjvg| ZLb Zvi Rb¨ mvnvh¨Kvix `j wQj bv, Avi †m wb‡RI AvZ¥i¶vq m¶g wQj bv| hviv MZKvj ch©š—I Zvi gZ (`ywbqvex) gh©v`v AvKv•Lv K‡iwQj Zviv ej‡Z jvMj eoB Avd‡mvm (Avgiv fy‡j wM‡qwQjvg) Avj;vn& hvi Rb¨ Pvb wih&K evwo‡q †`b Avi Zuvi ev›`v‡`i †_‡K hv‡K wZwb Pvb wih&K m¼xY© K‡i †`b| Avj;vn& hw` `qv bv Ki‡Zb Avgv‡`i‡KI wZwb gvwUmn aŸwm‡q w`‡Zb| AvwLiv‡Zi Ni‡Zv Avgiv Zv‡`i Rb¨ †i‡LwQ, hviv hgx‡b Zv‡`i †kªôZ¡ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Pvq bv, Avi cwiYv‡gi Pzovš— Kj¨vY †Kej gyËvKx‡`i (Avj;vnfxi“, ci‡nRMvi) Rb¨| (m~iv Kmvm, 28:76-83)| Bûw`‡`i Aciva cÖeYZv eY©bv Ki‡Z †h‡q KyiÕAv‡b Bikv` n‡q‡Q: (Bûw`‡`i PwiÎ n‡”Q) Giv (†hgb) wg_¨v K_v ïb‡Z Af¨¯—, (†Zgwb) Giv nvivg gvj †L‡ZI I¯—v`| Giv hw` KL‡bv (†Kvb wePvi wb‡q) †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Av‡m, Zvn‡j Zzwg (PvB‡j) Zv‡`i wePvi Ki‡Z cv‡iv, wKsev Zv‡`i wdwi‡qI w`‡Z cv‡iv, hw` Zzwg Zv‡`i wdwi‡q `vI, Zvn‡j (Zzwg wbwðš— _v‡Kv) Giv †Zvgvi †Kv‡bvB Awbó Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv, Z‡e hw` Zzwg Zv‡`i wePvi dvqmvjv Ki‡Z PvI, Zvn‡j Aek¨B b¨vq wePvi Ki‡e| wbtm‡›`‡n Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv b¨vq-wePviK‡`i fvjev‡mb| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:42)| Zv‡`i A‡bK‡KB Zzwg †`L‡Z cv‡e, ¸Yvn& Kiv (Avj;vn&i mv‡_) we‡ ªvn Kiv I nvivg gvj ‡fvM Kivi Kv‡R Giv G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K‡i P‡j‡Q, Giv hv K‡i (g~jZ) Zv e‡ovB wbK…ó KvR| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:62)| (K‡Zv fv‡jv n‡Zv G‡`i) ieŸvbxMY (¸i“) I cwÛZ e¨w³iv hw` G‡`i Gme ¸Yvn& I nvivg gvj †fvM Kiv †_‡K weiZ ivL‡Zv! (KviY) Giv hv wKQz msMÖn K‡i‡Q Zv e‡ovB RNb¨| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:63)| wiev welqK AvqvZ bvwhj nIqvi c~e©eZx© AvqvZ¸wj‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Gfv‡e gvbyl‡K kqZvbx Kg©KvÛ m¤ú‡K© †hgb wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb, †Zgwb mZK© K‡i w`‡q‡Qb †m mKj kqZvbx Kg©Kv‡Ûi cwiYwZ m¤ú‡K©| †Kbbv kqZvb I kqZvbx Kg©KvÛ m¤ú‡K© bv Rvb‡j gvby‡li c‡¶ kqZvb‡K nwU‡q †m mKj Kg©KvÛ †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv m¤¢e nq bv|

wiev wel‡q KyiÕAv‡b bvwhjK…Z cÖ_g AvqvZ kqZv‡bi Pµv‡š— Rwo‡q _vKv ZrKvjxb Avie mgvR hLb A_©‰bwZK AZ¨vPvi I wbcxob Pvwj‡q hvw”Qj ZLb Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i GB kqZvbx Kg©KvÛ‡K cÖKvk K‡i w`‡jb| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wiev‡K A_©‰bwZK wbh©vZb wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ K‡i GB AZ¨vPv‡ii wei“‡× cweÎ KyiÕAv‡b †NvlYv w`‡jb:

Avi †Zvgiv hv wKQz my‡`i Dci (G †f‡e) `vI †h †jvK‡`i m¤ú‡`i ev A‡_©i mv‡_ kvwgj n‡q (†Zvgv‡`i A_©-m¤ú` e„w× cv‡e) Avj;vni wbKU Zv †gv‡UI ev‡obv (†mKvi‡Y Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv GB mKj A‰ea e¨emv‡K eqKU Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb †Kbbv GUv e¨emv c×wZ bq eis GUv n‡jv A_©‰bwZK wbcxob) eis Avj;vni mš‘wó jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ hv wKQz hvKvZ (mv`vKv ev Ki&‡h nvmvbv `vI)

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g~jZ ZvivB †mme †jvK hviv (hvKvZ mv`vKv w`‡q wb‡R‡`i m¤ú` evwo‡q †bq) mg„×kvjx| (m~iv iƒg, 30:39)| (Ki&‡h nvmvbv wel‡q †`Lyb m~iv nv`x`, 57:11)|

A_©-m¤ú` hLb gvby‡li †Kvb †Póv mvabv I kªg e¨wZ‡i‡K ¯vaxbfv‡e Avcbv AvcwbB evo‡Z _v‡K Ges GK mg‡q my‡`-Avm‡j wg‡j g~ja‡b cwiYZ nq| Avmj cwigvY A‡_©i mv‡_ AwZwi³ GB A_© cÖvwßB wiev (my`) hv g~jZ A‡b¨i Drm †_‡K cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g jyU Kiv m¤ú`| Avi GUv GK ai‡bi WvKvwZ| wbðqB G ai‡bi cÖZviYv I jyUZiv‡Ri gva¨‡g †jb‡`b Avj(vn& myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjv N„Yv K‡ib| G ai‡bi Avw_©K †jb‡`‡b Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi ingvZ I eviKvZ wKQzB _v‡K bv| eis hvKvZ, mv`vKv I Ki&‡h nvmvbvi gva¨‡g †h A_©‰bwZK †jb‡`b mymsMwVZ nq Zv-B eû¸‡Y e„w× cvq| †m Kvi‡Y Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv m~iv Avi iƒ‡gi wiev welqK Avqv‡Zi wVK c~e©eZx© Avqv‡ZB gyÕwgb‡`i‡K hvKvZ, mv`vKv `v‡b DrmvwnZ K‡i eY©bv K‡i‡Qb:

AZGe (†n gyÕwgbMY †Zvgiv) AvZ¥xq‡K Zvi nK (cvIbv) †cuŠ‡Q `vI, Avi (nK †cŠu‡Q `vI) wgmKxb I gymvwdi‡KI (cw_K)| GUvB DËg cš’v Zv‡`i Rb¨ hviv Avj;vni mš‘wó Pvq Ges ZvivB mdjKvg| (30:38)| c~‡e©B Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q †h g~jab †_‡K †e‡o hvIqv AwZwi³ A_© (UvKv-cqmv) g~jZ wQwb‡q †bqv nq A‡b¨i Znwej †_‡K| Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq wiev ev my` nj GKR‡bi ¶wZi wewbg‡q AciR‡bi jvfevb nIqv| G mKj †jb‡`b KLbB e¨emv n‡Z cv‡i bv| Aek¨B e¨emvi wecix‡Z i‡q‡Q Gi Ae ’vb| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv ZvB e¨emv‡K nvjvj K‡i‡Qb Avi nvivg K‡i‡Qb wiev‡K (2:276)| Avi wbðqB e¨emvwqK †jb‡`b nIqv PvB mswk(ó mKj e¨w³ I `‡ji mg‡SvZv I m‡š—v‡li wfwˇZ (Avb-wbmv 4:29)|

KyiÕAv‡bi ZvdmxiKviM‡Yi g‡a¨ gynv¤§` Avmv` wiev welqK AvqvZ¸wji PgrKvi ZR©gv I Zvdmxi K‡i‡Qb| wZwb †hfv‡e ÔwievÕi msÁv I e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb, wiev msµvš— cieZx© AvqvZ¸wji mv‡_ Zv wg‡j hvq| †h AvqvZ¸wj‡Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Bûw`‡`i cÖwZ jvÕbvZ K‡i‡Qb wievi gva¨‡g wbixn I ye©j‡`i cÖwZ cÖZviYv, hyjyg I wbcxob Pvwj‡q hvIqvi Awf‡hv‡M| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K wb‡lavÁv bvwhj nIqv m‡Ë¡I Bûw`iv wiev RwbZ Ryjyg AZ¨vPvi Pvjv‡bvi d‡j Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:

K‡Vvi wb‡lavÁv m‡Ë¡I Zviv my` Lvq Ges wg_¨v I cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g A‡b¨i gvj-m¤ú` MÖvm K‡i| †m Kvi‡Y G‡`i ga¨ †_‡K Kvwdi‡`i R‡b¨ Avgiv KwVb Avhve wbw`©ó K‡i †i‡LwQ| (m~iv wbmv, 4:161)| Gev‡i Avgiv Zvi Zvdmxi †_‡K m~iv Avi-iƒ‡gi 39 b¤i Avqv‡Zi Zh©gv I e¨vL¨v Zz‡j aiwQ|

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Avi (¯§iY Ki) hv wKQz †Zvgiv my‡`i Dci `vI GB g‡b K‡i †h A‡b¨i gvj-m¤ú` Øviv †Zvgvi m¤ú` evwo‡q wb‡e wKš‘ Avj;vni `„wó‡Z Zv †gv‡UI ev‡o bv| Z‡e Avj;vni mš‘wói D‡Ï‡k¨ hv wKQz `vb-mv`vKv Ki, ZvivB †mme †jvK hviv Zv‡`i m¤ú`‡K eû¸‡Y evwo‡q †bq|

G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq †hfv‡e wZwb Avw_©K †jb‡`b‡K wiev wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb Zv n‡jv,

(GUv KziAvwbK Avqv‡Zi avivevwnKZvq wiev m¤úwK©Z wel‡qi me©cÖ_g eY©bv|) fvlvMZ ev kvwãK A‡_©i w`K †_‡K wiev ej‡Z eySvq †hvM Kiv, g~j Ae ’v †_‡K †Kvb cY¨ ev A‡_©i cwigvY AwZwi³ AvKv‡i †e‡o hvIqv| KyiÕAv‡bi cwifvlvq †h‡Kvb †eAvBbx Dcv‡q G‡K Aci‡K FY`v‡bi gva¨‡g AwZwi³ A_©-m¤ú` wgkª‡Y g~ja‡bi cwigvY ev AvKvi e„w× Kiv‡KB wiev ejv nq| Bmjv‡gi cÖv_wgK hy‡M Ges ZrKvjxb Avie mgv‡R weivRgvb A_©‰bwZK Ae ’v we‡ePbv K‡i †m hy‡Mi gymwjg AvBb cÖ‡YZvMY (Jurists) wiev ej‡Z my‡`i gva¨‡g A‰ea cš’vq g~ja‡bi mv‡_ AwZwi³ e„w× Kiv A_© m¤ú`‡K eywS‡q‡Qb|

†Kvb& †Kvb& welq wievi AvIZvfy³ G wb‡q h‡_ó gZ‡f` _vKvi Kvi‡Y gynv¤§` Avmv` welqwU AZxe mZK©Zvi mv‡_ wPwýZ Kivi †Póv K‡i‡Qb:

ÒBmjvwg ¯‹jviMY GLbI ch©š— GKgZ n‡q wievi h_vh_ msÁv cÖYqb Ki‡Z m¶g nbwb| g~jZ †h msÁv wiev welqK mKj cÖKvi aviYv, e¨vL¨v, wiev‡Lvi‡`i kvw¯— †`qvi Rb¨ AvBb-weavb ev¯—e AwfÁZv I cwieZ©bkxj A_©‰bwZK cwi‡e‡ki mKj msKURbK Ae ’vq BwZevPK mvov cÖ vb K‡i Ggb GKwU msÁv iPbv cÖ‡qvRbÓ|

gynv¤§` Avmv` wbR¯ e¨env‡ii Rb¨ GKwU msÁv iPbv K‡i‡Qb| GB msÁvi cÖv_wgK D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv mvgvwRK I ˆbwZK w`K †_‡K A_©‰bwZK †jb‡`‡bi aviv‡K Zz‡j aiv| Ae‡k‡l wZwb hZUzKz mdj n‡q‡Qb Zv c~‡e©i †Kvb ZvdmxiKv‡ii Rb¨B m¤¢e nqwb wiev‡K nviv‡gi wel‡q KyiÕAv‡bi Zvrch© Zz‡j ai‡Z| Zvi g‡Z Avj-KyiÕAv‡b wievi bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q ÔA_©‰bwZK wbcxobÕ|

Avgiv hw` gynv¤§` Avvmv‡`i KyiÕAv‡bi Zvdmx‡ii mv‡_ eZ©gvbKv‡ji mycwiwPZ gvIjvbv Aveyj AvÕjv gvI`y`x bv‡g Aci GKRb ZvdmxiKvi‡Ki Zvdmxi Zzjbv Kwi Zvn‡j Abyaveb Kiv hv‡e †h wiev wel‡q gynv¤§` Avmv‡`i GZUv Mfx‡i cÖ‡e‡ki inm¨| wiev ev my` wel‡q gvIjvbv gvI y`xi Zvdmxi †_‡K DׄwZ †`qv n‡jv:

†jvK‡`i A‡_©i mv‡_ wgwjZ n‡q e„w× cv‡e GRb¨ †Zvgiv †h my` `vI, Zv Avj;vni wbKU e„w× cvq bv| Avi Avj;vni mš‘wó jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ †Zvgiv †h

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hvKvZ `vI, g~jZ GB (hvKvZ) cÖ`vbKvixivB Zv‡`i A_© e„w× Kwi‡q †bq| (30:39)|

gIjvbv gI`y`x Av‡jvP¨ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb, my‡`i cÖwZev‡` KyiÕAvb gvRx‡` BnvB cÖ_g AvqvZ| G‡Z ïay GUzKzB ejv n‡q‡Q †Zvgiv †Zv my` `vI GB g‡b K‡i †h, hv‡Z K‡i †Zvgiv A‡b¨i abgv‡ji mv‡_ wgwj‡q †Zvgv‡`i m¤ú` evwo‡q wb‡Z cvi, wKš‘ cÖK…Zc‡¶ my`x e¨emvq Avj(vni wbKU gvj-m¤ú‡`i cwigvY e„w× cvq bv| Avm‡j gvj-m¤ú` evov‡bv m¤¢e nq, hvKvZ `v‡bi gva¨‡g| GB e„w×i cwigv‡Yi †Kvb mxgv cwimxgv †bB| wbq¨vZ hZ Lv‡jm (GKwbô) n‡e Ges hZB Mfxi Z¨vM I Avj(vni m‡š—vl jv‡fi Avkvq †Kvb e¨w³ Avj(vni c‡_ gvj m¤ú` e¨q Ki‡e, Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv ZZ cwigv‡YB Zvi gvj-m¤ú` e„w× K‡i w`‡eb|

Aci GK Zvdmxiwe` gIjvbv Avãyj gvwR` `wiqvev`x m~iv Avi iƒ‡gi 39 b¤i Avqv‡Zi ZR©gvq e‡j‡Qb: ÒAvi hv wKQz Dcnvi w`‡qwQ‡j GB g‡b K‡i †h A‡b¨i m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ wg‡j wg‡k †Zvgv‡`i m¤ú` e„w× cv‡e wKš‘ Avj(vni Kv‡Q Zv e„w× cvqbv; eis hv wKQz Avj(vni mš‘wói D‡Ï‡k¨ `wi‡ ªi fiY †cvl‡Yi Rb¨ `vb KiÑZvB eû¸‡b e„w× cvqÓ|1

1 nv`x‡m Kz`mx‡Z G cÖm‡½ Avey mvjvgvi web Ave yi ingvb web AvId (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: AZci †n †jvK mKj! †Zvgiv wb‡Ri Rb¨ wKQz AwMÖg cvVvI| KviY Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv wR‡Ám Ki‡eb, †Zvgvi wbKU wK †Kvb imyj Av‡mwb, †h Avgvi evZv© †Zvgvi wbKU †cŠwQ‡q‡Q? Avi †Zvgv‡K Avwg wK †Kvb gvj-m¤ú` `vb Kwiwb Ges †Zvgvi cÖwZ Avwg †Kvb AbyMÖn Kwiwb? AZci Zzwg †Zvgvi Rb¨ AwMÖg wK cvwV‡qQ? ZLb †m Wv‡b I ev‡g ZvKv‡Z _vK‡e, wKš‘ wKQzB †m †`L‡Z cv‡e bv| AZci †m Zvi mvg‡bi w`‡K ZvKv‡e wKš‘ ZLb †m Rvnvbœvg e¨ZxZ wKQzB †`L‡Z cv‡e bv| AZGe †h e¨w³ cv‡i †m †hb wb‡R‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b †_‡K i¶v K‡i; hw`I Zv GK UzKiv †LRy‡ii wewbg‡q nq, †m †hb wbðqB Zv K‡i| Avi hvi Kv‡Q GKwU †LRyiI †bB †m †hb fvj K_vi mvnv‡h¨ n‡jI Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b †_‡K wb‡R‡K i¶v K‡i| KviY G ØvivI mvIqv‡ei cÖwZ`vb `k †_‡K mvZkZ ¸Y evwo‡q †`qv n‡e| (nv`x‡m Kz`mx bs 194, c„:152) Ges mnxn eyLvix 3:1325|

gIjvbv `wiqvev`x Av‡jvP¨ Avqv‡Zi Zvdmx‡i hv e‡j‡Qb Zv Av‡iv we¯§qKi! Zvi GB Avqv‡Zi msw¶ß e¨vL¨v Zz‡j aiv n‡jvt Avi hv wKQz †Zvgiv Dcnvi w`‡qwQ‡j [wiev k‡ãi A_© ÔAwZwi³ Ges e„w×KiYÕ Z‡e GLv‡b wiev ej‡Z †evSvq hv wKQz Avj(vni iv¯—v Qvov Ab¨ iv¯—vq e¨q Kiv nq, GB e¨q ïay gvÎ cÖPwjZ cÖ_v Abyhvqx †hgb-Kv‡ivi we‡qi Abyôvb I Ab¨vb¨ AvPvi Abyôv‡b Dcnvi-Dc‡XŠKb †`qv nq GB Avkv K‡i †h fwel¨‡Z †Zvgv‡`i AvPvi Abyôv‡b Av‡iv †ekx cwigvY †hvM n‡q ewa©Z Ae ’vq †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q †dir Avm‡e] wKš‘ GUv Avj(vni `„wó‡Z

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e„w× cvq bv [hw`I Gai‡bi e¨‡qi e¨vcv‡i K‡Vvi wb‡lavÁv †bB, Z_vwcI G ai‡bi Li‡P Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv bv w`‡eb †Kvb cÖwZ`vb Ges bv Ki‡eb †Kvb AbyMÖn] eis hv wKQz †Zvgiv Avj(vni mš‘wói D‡Ï‡k¨ `wi`ª‡`i `vb Ki (†hgb †Kvb Mixe †jv‡Ki _vKv LvIqvi LiP enb Ki) AZci ZvB eû¸‡Y e„w× cvq|

wiev (my`) wfwËK cuywRev`x A_© e¨e ’v cÖYq‡b cÖK…Zc‡¶ Bqvûw`-Lªxóvb Z_v cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi gv‡S hv N‡U‡Q Zv mn‡RB Aby‡gq| †m mKj cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i gv‡S ‰bwZK m¤ú‡K©i mv‡_ mv‡_ Ôcwievi wfwËK mgvRÕ Gi wPš—vavivi cZb N‡U‡Q| GgbwK hy³iv‡ói cÖv³b †cÖwm‡W›U †ivbvì †iMvb Zvi Kb¨v‡K FY w`‡q my‡`i kZ© Av‡ivc K‡iwQ‡jb| Gfv‡eB wiev ev my` cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK e܇bi wPš—vaviv‡KB wejyß K‡i †`q| †hLv‡b c~‡e© mvgvwRKfv‡e e¨w³ I mvgvwRK wech©‡q wbivcËv weav‡bi e¨e ’v Kiv n‡Zv †mLv‡b eZ©gv‡b cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³‡K wb‡R‡`i DciB wbf©i Ki‡Z nq| wec‡` msK‡U mvaviYZ †KD Avi mvnv‡h¨i nvZ evwo‡q †`q bv †Kbbv wievi Kvi‡Y mvgvwRK eÜb I mgv‡R G‡Ki cÖwZ Ac‡ii `vwqZ¡ I KZ©‡e¨i wPš—vaviv wejyß n‡q wM‡q‡Q| Avi wievhy³ wek¦ A_© e¨e ’v cÖwZôv K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K‡K AvZ¥ wbf©ikxj n‡Z eva¨ Kivi Kvi‡Y my‡hvM mÜvbx wKQz A_©jMœx cÖwZôvb GwM‡q G‡m‡Q, †hgb exgv †Kv¤úvbxMywj! cÖK…Zc‡¶ GB exgv ms ’v¸wj my` ev wievi m‡½ GKvZ¥fv‡e hy³ i‡q‡Q| Aek¨B my` ev wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’v Qvov eZ©gv‡b †Kvb exgv Kg©KvÛ cwiPvjbvq m¶g bq|

cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK eÜb wQbœ nIqvi welqwU nqZ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wbKU wiev ev my‡`i cÖwZ cÖej N„Yv cÖKv‡ki Av‡iv GKwU cÖavb KviY| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv KyiÕAv‡b wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb, †Zvgiv wbR wbR cÖK…Z cÖ‡qvRb wgwU‡q evKx m¤ú` mv`vKv Ki‡e hv‡Z K‡i mgvR †_‡K Afve I `vwi ª ~i nq| c¶vš—‡i hw` cÖ‡Z¨‡K ïay wb‡Ri K_vB fv‡e Z‡e GUv mgv‡Ri ¯vfvweK Dbœq‡bi MwZ‡K evavMÖ ’ I `ye©j K‡i †dj‡e Ges GB my‡hv‡M nv½i m`„k wiev mvgvwRK m¤ú`‡K MÖvm K‡i wb‡e|

my`x FY Av`vb cÖ vb e¨emv wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y ïay †h cwievi I mvgvwRK KvVv‡gv `ye©j n‡q c‡o‡Q Zv bq, eis GUv hvKvZ mv`vKv cÖ v‡bi †¶‡Î gvbyl‡K Pig MvwdjwZi gv‡S wbgw¾Z K‡i †i‡L‡Q| Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g wiev‡K mv`vKvi wecix‡Z Zzjbvg~jK eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| G yÕwUi Zzjbvg~jK wePv‡i Avgiv wiev m¤ú‡K© m~²fv‡e hv eyS‡Z cvwi Zvn‡jv Avm‡j wiev ïaygvÎ MÖnY Ki‡Z †kLvq, ¯v_©ciZv †kLvq Ges †kLvq †kvlY Kivi c×wZ| wiev KL‡bvB wKQz Z¨vM ev Kzievbx Ki‡Z †kLvq bv| Aciw`‡K mv`vKv ïayB `vb Kiv †kLvq †Kbbv ywbqvi Rxe‡b mv`vKvi wewbg‡q wKQz Avkv Kiv nq bv| `vb-mv`vKv hv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb Zv‡`i w`‡q †`qv nq Ges wewbg‡q wKQzB MÖnY Kiv nq bv hvi

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gva¨‡g ¯v‡_©i Kzievbx I Z¨v‡Mi gwngv cÖKvwkZ nq| c¶vš—‡i wievi gva¨‡g FYcÖ vbKvix, FYMÖnYKvixi wbKU †_‡K †h †Kvb Dcv‡q AwZwi³ A_© m¤ú` Av`vq K‡i †bq| g~jZ FY`vbKvix (Haves) Ges FYMÖnYKvix (Have nots) Gi g‡a¨ GKwU gvbweK, AvwZ¥K Ges åvZ…‡Z¡i eÜb _vKv DwPZ| wKš‘ FY`vb hLb my`x e¨emvq cwiYZ nq ZLb Avi åvZ…Z¡, `vbkxjZv, mnggx©Zv BZ¨vw` my‡Kvgj cÖe„w˸wji †Kvb cÖKvi Aw¯—Z¡ _v‡K bv|

wiev ev my`x FY e¨e ’vq Ô‡`qvÕ Ges Ô†bqvÕi gv‡S wekvj GK dvivK weivR K‡i| A_P Bmjvwg weavb g‡Z hLb Kv‡iv cÖK…Z Afve I cÖ‡qvR‡bi Dcw ’wZ N‡U ZLb hvKvZ, Ki&‡h nvmvbv I `vb mv`vKvi gva¨‡g `vZv Ges MÖnYKvix Df‡qB jvfevb nq, †h jvf AvcvZ`„wó‡Z `„k¨gvb bv n‡jI gyÕwg‡bi Aš©—`„wó Zv †`L‡Z cvq| Avi Ô†`qvÕ ev `vb-mv`vKv mgvR‡K AvwZ¥K I åvZ…‡Z¡i `„p e܇b Ave× K‡i| wievi gva¨‡g FY cÖ vbKvix µgvMZfv‡e jvfevb Ges FY MÖnYKvix ¶wZMÖ ’ nq| wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’vq Ô†bqvÕi gva¨‡g b¨vqbxwZ I ˆbwZKZv‡K aŸsm K‡i w`‡q GKwU cwievi‡K webó K‡i †`q Ges mv_v©‡šlx gn‡ji myweav‡_© mgv‡Ri Ab¨‡K VwK‡q wb‡R jvfevb nq| Avi wievm„ó Afv‡ei Kvi‡Y `wi`ªiv Ab¨vq, †kvlY Ges cÖZviYvi wkKvi nq| wievhy³ F‡Yi Øviv AvcvZ „wó‡Z gvbyl wKQzUv DcK…Z nq e‡j g‡b n‡jI cÖK…Z c‡¶ Zviv ¶wZMÖ ’ nq Ges my‡`i wKw¯— mn Avmj FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z Ki‡Z `wi ª †_‡K `wi ªZi Ae ’v‡b †cuŠ‡Q hvq| Avi Gfv‡eB ¯v_©ciZvi `yó msµgY Qwo‡q wiev mgv‡Ri åvZ…‡Z¡i eÜb‡K aŸsm I wejyß K‡i †`q|

wievwfwËK cuywRev`x A_©bxwZ wewfbœ †KŠk‡j A_© e¨e ’v‡K cÖwZwbqZ weK…Z I ¶wZMÖ ’ K‡i P‡j‡Q| wiev mvgvwRK eÜb‡K aŸsm I wejyß K‡i mgv‡R nv½i Ges mvw`©b gv‡Qi b¨vq me©MÖvmx Avµg‡bi cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i‡Q| wiev †L‡U LvIqv mvaviY gvby‡li y ©kv‡K cuywR evwb‡q wbLuyZ cÖZviYvi Rvj we¯—vi K‡i P‡j‡Q| jvwZb Av‡gwiKvb ivRbxwZwe` Ryqvb †Wvwgb‡Mv Avj‡fviv‡`v me©cÖ_g my`wfwËK abZvwš¿K A_©bxwZ cÖms‡M Ônv½i Ges mvw`©b grm¨Õ welqK Dcgv eY©bv K‡ib| G Kvi‡YB Kvj© gvK©m& ¶zä n‡q mvg¨ev` (Communism) cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb| Aek¨B Kvj© gvK©m& Zvi GB weKí wPš—vaviv †K fyj c‡_ cÖevwnZ K‡iwQ‡jb| wZwb wiev wfwËK abZvwš¿K A_©bxwZ cÖ_vi wei“‡× Ae ’vb Kiv m‡Z¡I wbe©yw×Zvi Kvi‡Y Aeva Ges gy³ evRvi bxwZ‡K aŸsm K‡i miKvi wbqwš¿Z evRvi cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb e ‘Z hv wQj GK ai‡bi wiev cwinvi K‡i Ab¨ cÖKvi wiev‡K cÖwZwôZ KiviB bvgvš—i| GB wievB cieZx©‡Z weivU d¨vmv‡` (`ybx©wZ, nv½vgv, wek„sLjv) cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|

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†jL‡Ki ¯§„wZc‡U D¾¡j n‡q Av‡Q Avš—R©vwZK A_©bxwZi wk¶K evY©vW †Kv‡W©i K_v, whwb jvwZb Av‡gwiKvi A_©bxwZ‡Z AwZgvÎvq aŸsm‡hvM¨ w`K¸wj wPwýZ Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb, †h¸wj wQj ev¯—weKB wievi Aš—f©y³, wKš‘ wiev wel‡q †Kvb Ávb Zvi wQj bv| Ab¨Î gy`ªv-A_©bxwZ welqK wkw¶Kv wg‡mm c¨vwUªwmqv iwebm‡bi K_v D‡j(L Kiv hvq whwb ˆah©mnKv‡i eûw`b GB wel‡q wPš—vfvebv I bRi`vix K‡i‡Qb wKš‘ wn`vqv‡Zi b~i Øviv cwiPvwjZ Aš—© „wói Abycw ’wZi Kvi‡Y wZwb my‡` UvKv avi †`qv‡K †Kvbiƒc †kvlY ev Ab¨vq e‡j Dcjwä Ki‡Z m¶g nb wb|

d¨vmv` m„wó‡Z wievi cÖfve m~iv Avi-iƒ‡g wiev I d¨vmv‡`i Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wbtm‡›`‡n wiev †MvUv `ywbqvq d¨vmv` m„wó K‡i P‡j‡Q| Ôd¨vmv`Õ Aviex‡Z e¨vcK A‡_© e¨eüZ nq| hvi A_© n‡jv-wbiwZkq g›`, bó, weK…Zi“wP m¤úbœ, cPb aiv, MwjZ, Amr, `ybx©wZMÖ ’, A‰bwZKfv‡e †Kvb Kg©Kv‡Û m¤ú„³ nIqv| GLv‡b D‡j(L¨ †h KyiÕAv‡b m~iv Avi-iƒ‡gi 39 b¤i Avqv‡Z cÖ_g ev‡ii gZ wiev (my`) m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wievi (my‡`i) cÖfv‡e gvbyl g~jZ wb‡Ri y ©kv‡K wb‡RB †W‡K Av‡b Ges Zvi Aïf cwiYwZi Rb¨ wb‡RB `vqx _v‡K| G m¤ú‡K© m~iv Avi-iƒ‡gi 41 b¤i Avqv‡Z my¯úó eY©bv i‡q‡Q| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv GB m~ivi gva¨‡g Avgv‡`i‡K wbR nv‡Z DcvR©b Kiv fqvbK cwiYwZi wel‡q mveavb K‡i w`‡q‡Qb:

gvby‡li wbR nv‡Z AR©b Kiv AcK‡g©i Kvi‡Y RjfvM I ’jfv‡M wech©q Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q| †hb Zv‡`i K…ZK‡g©i wKQzUv cwiYwZ †fvM Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| hv‡Z K‡i Zviv (d¨vmv` m„wó‡Z) †h mKj KvR K‡i †eov‡”Q Zv †_‡K wd‡i Avm‡Z cv‡i| (m~iv iƒg, 30:41)|

G Avqv‡Zi Zvrch© I wk¶v m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡`i aviYv ¯úó nIqv DwPZ| d¨vmv` m„wói cwiYwZ m¤ú‡K© GB Avqv‡Z Avgv‡`i mZK© K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| eZ©gvb mgv‡R `ybx©wZi AbycÖ‡ek, `v½v-nv½vgv I KjylZv †h wievÕi cÖfv‡e msNwUZ n‡q P‡j‡Q Zv Abyaveb Ki‡Z Avgv‡`i †gv‡UI Amyweav nIqvi K_v bq|

ZIiv‡Z wiev m¤ú‡K© wb‡lavÁv m~iv Avi-iƒg QvovI m~iv Avb-wbmv‡Z (4:161) wiev (my`) m¤ú‡K© DׄwZ i‡q‡Q| G e¨vcv‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Bûw` RvwZ‡K mivmwi my`x Kg©Kv‡Û wb‡qvwRZ _vKvi Awf‡hv‡M Awfhy³ K‡i‡Qb hv Zv‡`i Rb¨ m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wbwl× wQj| my‡`i gva¨‡g wewb‡qvM ev A_© †jb‡`b Kiv GKwU gvivZ¥K Aciva| GB RNb¨ Aciv‡a

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Bûw`‡`i m¤ú„³ _vKvi Kvi‡Y GB ¸Yvni welqwU cybe ©v³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| bex (m) gw`bvq wnhiZ Kivi ci ciB Zuvi Kv‡Q Bûw`‡`i g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ GB my`x e¨emv-evwYR¨ msµvš— Anx bvwhj nq|

gw`bvi mgv‡R wievi cÖPjb wQj AZ¨vwaK| evRv‡i Bûw` e¨emvqxiv my‡`i Kvievi K‡i †ek cÖfve we¯—vi K‡iwQj| ZvQvov ZLb g°v wQj e¨emv-evwY‡R¨i Ab¨Zg ’vb| e¨emv-evwYR¨ I mvgvwRK †jb‡`‡bi cÖwZwU †¶‡ÎB wievÕi (my`) `vcU wQj

cÖPÛ| Z_vwcI gw`bv g°vi gZ ZZUv mg„×kvjx wQj bv| †m my‡hv‡M g°vi Bûw` e¨emvqxiv gw`bv‡Z Zv‡`i my`x e¨emv evwYR¨ m¤cÖmvwiZ K‡i †bq| d‡j Drcv`b, †fvM¨cY¨, K…wlcY¨ me©‡¶‡ÎB GB my`x-Kg©Kv‡Ûi cÖ‡Kvc Qwo‡q c‡o| gw`bv wnhi‡Zi cÖv°v‡j G wel‡q Bûw` ag©hvRK Ave`yj(vn web mvjvg (iv) Gi GB nv`xmwU D‡j(L‡hvM¨: Zv‡eC nhiZ Avey eyi`v web Avey gymv (in) e‡jb: GKevi gw`bvq G‡m Avwg mvnvex Ave`yj;vn& web mvjvg (iv) Gi m‡½ †`Lv Kijvg| wZwb Avgv‡K ej‡jb, ÒZzwg Ggb GjvKvq evm KiQ †hLv‡b wievi cÖPjb A‡bK †ekx| AZGe †KD †Zvgvi Kv‡Q FYx _vK‡j, †m †Zvgv‡K GK Qov Lo wKsev GK e¯—v he A_ev mvgvb¨ GKQov NvmI hw` Dcnvi †`q, Zzwg Zv MÖnY Ki‡e bv| KviY Zv wievÓ (mnxn eyLvix)|

ZIiv‡Z wiev m¤ú‡K© my¯úó wb‡lavÁv _vKv m‡Z¡I Bûw`iv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi G wbwl× welqwU‡K m¤ú~Y© D‡c¶v K‡i my`x A_© e¨e ’vq Rwo‡q c‡o| G Kvi‡Y Zviv ZIiv‡Zi AvqvZ‡K cwieZ©b Ki‡ZI wcQcv nqwb| Bûw`iv ZIiv‡Z ewY©Z weavb weK…Z K‡i Dc ’vcb Kivi ci Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv m~iv Avb-wbmvÕq ewY©Z Avqv‡Zi gva¨‡g GB welq¸wj‡K cÖKvk K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb GB e‡jI ûwkqvi K‡i w`‡q‡Qb †h, my¯úó wb‡lavÁv _vKv m‡Z¡I hviv G ai‡bi Ab¨vq Kv‡R wjß _v‡K, Zviv g~jZ wb‡Ri Øxb †_‡KB wePz¨Z n‡q hvq Ges Kyd‡i wjß nq, Gfv‡e hviv Kzd‡i wjß _v‡K Zv‡`i Rb¨ hš¿Yvgq kvw¯— A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| hviv Bûw` n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i hyjyg AZ¨vPv‡ii Kvi‡Y Ges Zviv A‡bK‡K Avj;vn&i c_ †_‡K evav †`qvi Kvi‡Y Ges †h‡nZz Zviv wiev (my`) Lvq (hw`I) G‡`i Zv †_‡K (K‡Vvi fv‡e) wb‡la Kiv n‡qwQj| Avi Giv A‡b¨i gvj m¤ú` †avKv cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g MÖvm K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Kvwdi‡`i R‡b¨ Avgiv KwVb Avhve wbw`©ó K‡i †i‡LwQ| wKš‘ Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hv‡`i Øx‡bi myMfxi Bjg (Ávb) i‡q‡Q I gyÕwgbiv hviv mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© Cgvb Av‡b (†n bex) hv Avcbvi cÖwZ bvwhj Kiv n‡q‡Q (KyiÕAvbyj gvRx`) Ges hv Avcbvi c~‡e© bvwhj Kiv n‡qwQj| Gme gyÕwgbMY mjvn& Kv‡qg Kvix, hvKvZ Av`vqKvix Ges Avj;vn& I AvwLiv‡Zi Dci `„p wek¦vmx| ZvivB †mme †jvK hv‡`i‡K Avwg gnv cyi®‹vi `vb Ki‡ev| (m~iv wbmv, 4:160-63)|

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G AvqvZ¸wj †_‡K Avgiv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wk¶v cvB| wiev-wbf©i A_© e¨e ’v gvby‡li Kv‡Q hw`I †ek †jvfbxq I g‡bvni g‡b nq | wiev‡Lvi ev my`‡Lv‡iiv g‡b K‡i †h my‡`i Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i m¤ú‡`i e„w× N‡U| wKš‘ wiev ev my` LvIqv KLbI Kj¨vYKi n‡Z cv‡i bv eis GwU bxwZ weewR©Z, A‰ea Ges aŸsmvZ¥K KvR| KviY, my‡`i gva¨‡g m¤ú‡`i †h e„w× N‡U Zv g~jZ cÖZviYv I Ac‡ii m¤ú` MÖv‡mi gva¨‡gB n‡q _v‡K| my`x-‡jb‡`b m¤ú~Y© †auvKvevwR I Pzwi Ges ˆbwZKZvnxb Pzovš— GKwU cÖZviYvi welq| e¨vsK Ges Ab¨vb¨ FY`vb ms ’v¸wj hLb my`x FY †`q, ZLb wbR¯ †Kvb †Póv, kªg I SuyKx QvovB †m mKj ms ’v¸wj FY MÖnxZv‡K †h cwigvY FY w`‡qwQj †m UvKvi mv‡_ mgq evovi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avcwb‡ZB evo‡Z _v‡K| Zv‡`i †m UvKvi e„w× N‡U wKfv‡e? GB e„w× N‡U †avKv I cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g| †L‡U LvIqv gvby‡li kªg Ges mvaviY gvby‡li gvjvgvj I m¤úwË †kvl‡Yi gva¨‡g| wiev wfwËK FY`vb e¨e ’vi Kvi‡Y Mixe AviI Mixe n‡q c‡o| c¶vš—‡i Bmjvwg A_© e¨e ’v cÖwZôv K‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi cÖ wk©Z c‡_ Pj‡j Ges h_vh_ wbq‡g hvKvZ- mv`vKv Ki‡j Zvi wewbg‡q AvwLiv‡Z eû¸‡Y ewשZ nv‡i cÖwZ`vb cvevi Avkv Kiv hvq| my`x F‡Yi wKw¯— cwi‡kv‡a FYMÖnxZv‡K Avj(vn& cÖ Ë Zvi wih&K †_‡K hv e¨q Ki‡Z nq Zv wd‡i cvevi †KvbB c_ _v‡K bv| Dciš‘ Zvi wih&K †_‡K my‡`i wKw¯— cwi‡kv‡ai Kvi‡Y wbw`©ó cwigvY m¤ú` we‡qvwRZ nq| Avi FYMÖnxZvi wih&K †_‡K we‡qvwRZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y Zvi †h ¶wZ nq †m ¶wZB n‡”Q FY`vZvi gybvdv| Aciw`‡K hviv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wb‡`©wkZ cš’vq hvKvZ Av`vq K‡i wewbg‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zvi wih&K‡K eû¸‡Y evwo‡q †`b|1 1 Kvwdi‡`i †kLv‡bv eywji AbyKi‡Y eZ©gvb mgv‡R A‡b‡KB Ggb K_v ejvi a„óZv †`Lvb †h, bM` hv cvI, nvZ †c‡Z bvI ÔevKxÕi LvZvq duvKx (bvDhywej(vn)| evKx‡Z cvIqv hv‡e e‡j AvwLiv‡Z eû¸‡Y ewשZ nv‡i GB cÖvwß †eva Cgvbx ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y A‡b‡Ki g‡bB Kvh©Kix cÖfve we¯—vi K‡ibv| ZvB GB mKj ye©j Cgv‡bi gvbyl¸wj wievi gZ RNb¨ ¸Yv‡n wb‡R‡K wbgw¾Z iv‡L|

Bûw`‡`i wKZv‡e Gi Av‡M mivmwifv‡eB GB wievhy³ weK…Z A_© e¨e ’v wbwl× †NvlYv K‡i AvqvZ bvwhj n‡qwQj| wKš‘ mvgvb¨ `ywbqvex ¯v‡_© †m mKj AvqvZ¸wj Bûw`MY e`‡j w`‡qwQj| AZci wb‡R‡`i myweavgZ wewa weavb wb‡Riv iPbv K‡i Avj(vn&i wKZve e‡j cÖPvi K‡iwQj| G wel‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv m~iv Avj-evKvivi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i cÖZviYv cÖKvk K‡i `ywbqvevmx‡K ûwkqvi K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K wbwl× †R‡bI †m mKj KvR Pvwj‡q hvIqv mxgvjsNb Ges Avj(vn&i mywbw`©ó evYx‡K e`j Kiv (mvgvb¨ ˆelwqK DbœwZi Rb¨) gvivZ¥K RNb¨ KvR I kvw¯—‡hvM¨ Aciva| G wel‡q D‡j(wLZ n‡q‡Q:

†n ebx BmivBj †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ Avgvi †h wbÕAvgvZ w`‡qwQ †m wbÕAvgv‡Zi K_v ¯§iY Ki| Avi Avgv‡K †`qv †Zvgv‡`i Iqv`v †Zvgiv c~Y© Ki AvwgI †Zvgv‡`i

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cÖwZ †`qv Avgvi Iqv`v c~Y© Ki‡ev Avi ïaygvÎ Avgv‡KB fq Ki| Avi Avgvi †cÖwiZ wKZv‡ei cÖwZ Cgvb Av‡bv (G wKZve) †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q hv Av‡Q †m wKZv‡ei mZ¨Zv cÖgvYKvix| AZGe †ZvgivB GB wKZv‡ei me©cÖ_g Agvb¨Kvix n‡qvbv; (cvw_©e ¯v_© D×v‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ wb‡Riv iPbv K‡i) Zz”Q g~‡j¨ Avgvi AvqvZ‡K wewµ K‡ivbv; Ges Avgvi †µv‡ai KviY n‡qvbv| Avi ïaygvÎ Avgv‡KB fq Ki| Avi nK ev mZ¨‡K evwZ‡ji (wg_¨vi) mv‡_ wgwkªZ K‡ivbv Ges †R‡bey‡S mZ¨‡K †X‡K w`‡qv bv| Avi †Zvgiv mjvn Kv‡qg Ki, hvKvZ `vI Ges i“KzKvix‡`i (mjvn Av`vqKvix‡`i) mv‡_ †ZvgivI i“Kz Ki| †Zvgiv wK Ab¨ †jvK‡`i mrKvR Kivi Av‡`k `vI? A_P wb‡Riv fy‡j hv”Q (mrAvgj Kivi ¸i“Z¡)? †Zvgiv wK Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wKZve wZjvIqvZ Ki bv? (m~iv evKviv, 2:40-44)|

BmivBj RvwZ ev Bûw`‡`i Rb¨ wiev m¤úwK©Z mwVK wb‡ ©kvejx †h ZIiv‡Z wQj Zv wbgœwjwLZ AvqvZ¸wj ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j ¯úó n‡q I‡V:

hw` †Zvgv‡`i fvB BmivBjx‡`i †Kvb iKg wec` Dcw ’Z nq, †m mgq hw` †Zvgiv Zv‡`i Abœ I evm ’vb w`‡q mvnvh¨ Ki Zvn‡j Zv‡`i Rb¨ ‡m Li‡Pi Dci my` (wiev) †PI bv| Ck¦‡ii †µva †_‡K mveavb †_‡Kv| †Zvgv‡`i fvB‡`iI †Zvgv‡`i mv‡_ _vKvi m¤ú~Y© AwaKvi Av‡Q Ges Zv‡`i KvQ †_‡K †Kvb my` (wiev) MÖnY Kivi AbygwZ †Zvgv‡`i‡K †`qv nqwb| (ZIivZ, †jexq, 25:35:7)

Av‡iv ZIiv‡Zi wnRiZ 22:24-G ejv n‡q‡Q:

Avi hw` Zzwg †Kvb Mixe cÖwZ‡ekx‡K UvKv avi `vI, Zvi cÖwZ K‡Vvi n‡qv bv, Zvi Dci my‡`i (wiev) †evSv PvwcI bv|

me‡k‡l ZIiv‡Zi wØZxq weeiY 23:19-20-G wiev cÖm‡½ G‡m weåvwš— m„wó Kiv nq:

BmivBjx fvB‡`i KvQ †_‡K my` (wiev) wbI bv| hw` Zzwg Zv‡`i UvKv avi `vI †Zv webv ¯v‡_©B †`‡e| Z‡e Zzwg hw` †Kvb we‡`kx‡K UvKv avi `vI Zvi KvQ †_‡K my` (wiev) wb‡Z cv‡iv| †Zvgvi fvB‡`i hLbB cÖ‡qvRb Zv‡`i‡K webv my‡` (wiev) UvKv avi `vI nqZ G Kvi‡Y Ck¦‡ii Avkxe©v` †Zvgvi mv‡_ _vK‡Z cv‡i|

ZIiv‡Zi GB evYx †_‡K hviv Bûw` bq Zv‡`i KvQ †_‡K my` †bqv nvivg bq e‡j †h †NvlYv †`qv n‡q‡Q e‡j Zviv `vex K‡i KyiAv‡bi wb‡`©kbv Zv‡Z wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ nq| GB †NvlYv †h m¤ú~Y© gbMov, wg_¨v I D‡Ïk¨ cÖ‡Yvw`Z fv‡e ZIivZ‡K cwieZ©b K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv ¯úó †evSv hvq| Gfv‡e Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †Kvb

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evYx‡K †R‡bï‡b B”QvK…Zfv‡e cwieZ©b Kivi K‡Vvi kvw¯— m¤ú‡K© KyiAv‡bi AvqvZ¸wj †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi|

AZGe Zv‡`i‡K hv ejv n‡qwQj Avgiv Zv‡`i Dci ZvB bvvwhj Kijvg, wKš‘ hvwjgiv Zv cwieZ©b K‡i w`j Ges Zvi e`‡j Ab¨wKQz wj‡L †djj, †kl ch©š— Avgiv G mKj hvwjg‡`i Dci Avmgvb n‡Z Avhve bvwhj K‡i cvKovI Kijvg, Avi Zv wQj Zv‡`i Aeva¨Zvi kvw¯—| (m~iv evKviv, 2:59)|

wbðqB hviv Avj;vn&i †`qv wKZv‡e wZwb †h Av‡`k wb‡la bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Zv n‡Z †Mvcb K‡i Ges Zv w`‡q mvgvb¨ `ywbqvex ¯v_© µq K‡i, Zviv wbwðZB wb‡R‡`i †cU Av¸b w`‡q c~Y© K‡i (Av¸b Lvq), wK¡qvgv‡Zi w`b Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i mv‡_ K_v ej‡eb bv, Zv‡`i‡K cwiï× Ki‡eb bv| Zv‡`i Rb¨ wbw ©ó K‡i ivLv n‡q‡Q AZxe Kó`vqK kvw¯—| (m~iv evKviv, 2:174)|

wiev wfwËK †jb‡`b, m¤ú‡`i cÖwZ †jvf jvjmv I m¤ú` Kzw¶MZ ivLvi cÖeYZv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv †gv‡UI cQ›` K‡ib bv| gvby‡li G ai‡bi ‡ek wKQz Kz AvPiY j¶¨ K‡i g°vq bvwhjK…Z m~iv Avj-ûgvhvnÕq Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zuvi †µva cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb Ges GmKj †jvK‡`i Rb¨ aŸsm †h Awbevh© Zv †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb:

aŸsm cÖ‡Z¨K mvg‡b wb›`vKvix I †cQ‡b †`vl cÖPviKvixi Rb¨| †h gvj-m¤ú` Rgv K‡i iv‡L Ges evi evi Zv ¸‡b ¸‡b †`‡L| †m g‡b K‡i Zvi gvj-m¤ú` (Zvi Kv‡Q wPiKvj _vK‡e ZvB Ab¨ †KD †Zv bqB Avj;vn&I Zv‡K `wi ª evbv‡Z cvi‡ebv) Zv‡K wPi ’vqx abx evwb‡q ivL‡e| KLbI bq, †m Aek¨B wbw¶ß n‡e ûZvgvn&q| Avi Avcwb wK Rv‡bb †m ûZvgvnUv wK? (†mUv n‡jv) Avj;vni Av¸b (hv) cÖPÛ DËß, Drw¶ß| hv †cŠ‡Q hv‡e (Kzgš¿Yvi Drm) Aš—i mg~‡n| wbðqB (Zv‡`i ûZvgvn&i g‡a¨ †d‡j) Zv‡`i Dci XvKbv w`‡q Aei“× K‡i ‡`qv n‡e| Ges Zv‡Z †M‡o †`qv n‡e DuyPz DuPz ¯—¤¢ (†hb Zviv D‡V Avm‡Z bv cv‡i) Ges †mLv‡bB †m cÖPÛ DËß Av¸‡b `» n‡q hv‡Z Zviv kvmi“×Ki Ae¯’vq cwZZ nq| (m~iv ûgvhvn, 104:1-8)|

GLv‡b D‡j(L¨ †h KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g G wel‡q Bûw` m¤cÖ vq‡K wiev MÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y mivmwi †`vlv‡ivc I Awfhy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G ai‡bi ¸bv‡n wjß nIqv m¤ú‡K© Avj-KyiÕAv‡bi Aci Avqv‡ZI Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †µva cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q:

(Bûw`‡`i PwiÎ n‡”Q) Giv (†hgb) wg_¨v K_v ïb‡Z Af¨¯—, (†Zgwb) Giv nvivg gvj †L‡ZI I¯—v`| Giv hw` KL‡bv (†Kvb wePvi wb‡q) †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Av‡m, Zvn‡j Zzwg (PvB‡j) Zv‡`i wePvi Ki‡Z cv‡iv, wKsev Zv‡`i wdwi‡qI w`‡Z cv‡iv, hw` Zzwg Zv‡`i wdwi‡q `vI, Zvn‡j (Zzwg wbwðš— _v‡Kv) Giv †Zvgvi †Kv‡bvB Awbó Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv, Z‡e hw` Zzwg Zv‡`i wePvi dvqmvjv Ki‡Z PvI, Zvn‡j Aek¨B b¨vq wePvi Ki‡e| wbtm‡›`‡n Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv b¨vq-wePviK‡`i fvjev‡mb| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:42)|

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Zv‡`i A‡bK‡KB Zzwg †`L‡Z cv‡e, †Mvbv‡ni KvR, hyjyg, mxgvjsNb I nvivg gvj (h_v Nyl, wiev) f¶‡Y `ª“Z avweZ n‡q G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K‡i P‡j‡Q| Zviv hv K‡i P‡j‡Q Aek¨B Zv AZxe wbK…ó KvR| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:62)|

Avj-KyiÕAv‡b Bûw` ag©hvRK‡`i G wel‡q wbw¯Œq f~wgKv ivLvi Rb¨ KyiAv‡b G K_vI ejv n‡q‡Q †h:

Zv‡`i ag©hvRKMY I wkw¶Z mgvR †Kb Zv‡`i‡K ¸bv‡ni KvR I ¸bvn&i K_v ejv Ges nvivg gvj f¶Y †_‡K weiZ iv‡Lbv? Zv‡`i Kg©KvÛ I Zviv hv wKQz iPbv K‡i G‡m‡Q Zv LyeB wbK…ó Ges aŸsmvZ¥K| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:63)|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i wKZve ZIiv‡ZI wiev m¤ú‡K© wb‡lavÁv Rvwi K‡iwQ‡jb hv Avj-KyiAv‡b cyb©e¨v³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| e ‘Z Zviv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wb‡lavÁv‡K D‡c¶v K‡i wiev‡Z m¤ú„³ n‡q Zv‡`i Dci †cÖixZ bex gymv (Av) Gi mv‡_ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i‡Q| g~jZ mKj Avmgvbx wKZveB GKgvÎ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K †cÖwiZ Kv‡RB †m¸wji g‡a¨ †Kvb cÖKvi AmvgÄm¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| gymv (Av) Qvov Ab¨vb¨ bex‡`i Kv‡Q †cÖixZ wKZv‡eI Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Bûw`iv †m mKj wKZv‡ei welqe ‘ cv‡ë w`‡q Zv‡`i mK‡ji mv‡_B Kzdix K‡i‡Q|

nhiZ `vD` (Av) Gi Dci bvwhjK…Z (hveyi) wKZv‡e wievÕi wb‡lavÁv i‡q‡Q

ïaygvÎ ebx BmivBj RvwZi Rb¨ bq Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K †cÖixZ Ab¨vb¨ wKZv‡eI wievÕ nvivg †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| G wel‡q nhiZ `vD` (Av) Gi Dci bvwhjK…Z hveyi wKZv‡e †h wb‡lavÁv †NvwlZ n‡q‡Q gymv (Av) Gi Kv‡Q †cÖwiZ ZIiv‡ZI wiev m¤úwK©Z wb‡lavÁvi wel‡q GKB cÖwZaŸwb D”PvwiZ nq| wiev ev my` m¤ú‡K© †mLv‡b ejv Av‡QÑ Psalm 15

Ck¦i whwb wPiš—b AwØZxq, Kviv Zvi Kv‡Q Avkªq cvevi †hvM¨?

hviv mij c‡_ P‡j, hv mwVK †mB KvRwU K‡i, hviv Aš—i †_‡K me© v mZ¨ K_v e‡j;

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hviv cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i m¤ú‡K© wg_¨v Kj¼ iUvq bv, Kv‡iv †Kvb ¶wZ K‡i bv,

KL‡bv eÜzi wb›`v K‡i bv, hviv yó‡`i N„Yv K‡i, wKš‘ hviv Ck¦ifxi“ Zv‡`i kª×v K‡i,

hviv †h †Kvb g~‡j¨ wb‡Ri cÖwZkÖ“wZ i¶v K‡i P‡j, hviv webv my‡` UvKv avi †`q Ges hviv Nyl Lvq bv|

hviv G iKg AvPiY K‡i Zv‡`i fxZ n‡Z n‡e bv (Zviv AUzU wek¦vmx‡`i Aš—M©Z)|

yj wKd&j Ges wiev

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv ewb BmivBj‡`i Rb¨ hyj wKd&j bvgK GKRb bex cvwV‡qwQ‡jb whwb †nRwKj bv‡g Zv‡`i wbKU cwiwPZ| wiev I ˆbwZK wk¶v wel‡q wZwb Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Zid †_‡K Dc‡`k w`‡q †M‡Qb:

hw` †m gvbyl m &¸Y cÖvß nq, hw` †m me©`v wVK KvRwU K‡i, hw` †m cwiwgZ Avnvi K‡i, hw` †m BRivBjx‡`i cÖwZ †Kvb ¶wZKi AvPiY bv K‡i, cÖwZ‡ekx M„neay‡`i cÖwZ me©`v m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡i _v‡K, iRtmªve PjvKvjxb mg‡q bvixi wbKU Mgb bv K‡i, hw` †m KvD‡K wbcxob bv K‡i, FY cwi‡kv‡a me©`v AMÖMvgx _v‡K, Ab¨vqfv‡e KviI KvQ †_‡K wKQz wQwb‡q bv †bq, ¶zav_© gvbyl‡K Abœ †`q, e ¿nxb‡`i e ¿ †`q, hw` †m webv my‡` A_© avi †`q Ges my`x Kg©Kv‡Û wjß bv nq, hw` †m g›` KvR †_‡K me©`v wb‡R‡K weiZ iv‡L, wePviKv‡j Dfq c‡¶i cÖwZ b¨vqwePvi K‡i, me©`v Avgvi Av‡`k I Dc‡`k †g‡b P‡j †m gvbylB cyY¨evbцm gvbyl mwZ¨B Ck¦‡ii AbyMÖncÖvß| (evB‡ej, cyivZb wbqg, †nRwKj, 18:5-9)|

evB‡e‡ji bZzb wbq‡g wievÕi wb‡lavÁv

evB‡e‡ji bZzb wbq‡gI wievi wb‡lavÁv m¤ú‡K© D‡j(L i‡q‡Q| wiev cÖm‡½ D`vniY †U‡b Lªxóvb‡`i GB e‡j ûwkqvi K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q †h Kuv‡Pi N‡i e‡m Ab¨ †Kv_vI cv_i Quy‡o gviv DwPZ bq| ZIiv‡Zi wØZxq weei‡Yi Abymvix Bûw`‡`i wiev welqK aviYv m¤ú‡K© P¨v‡jÄ Quy‡o w`‡q ei GB †NvlYv †`qv n‡q‡Q:

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†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i kΓ‡`i fvjev‡mv Ges Zv‡`i g½j K‡iv| (†Zvgv‡`i wewb‡qv‡Mi Dci) †Kvb wKQzB wd‡i cvevi Avkv bv †i‡L avi w`‡qv| Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ gnv cyi¯‹vi Av‡Q| †Zvgiv gnvb Ck¦‡ii AbyMÖn cÖvß n‡e, KviY wZwb AK…ZÁ I yóz‡`iI `qv K‡ib (hLb Zviv yó KvR †_‡K wd‡i Av‡m)| (BwÄj, jyK, 6:35)|

cieZx©Kv‡j bZzb wbq‡g cieZx© DcvL¨vb †_‡K GUv mn‡RB cÖZxqgvb nq †h Zviv Zv‡`i Av`k© ev aviYv †_‡K kqZvwb cÖfv‡e µgk wePz¨Z n‡q c‡o‡Q|

GKRb †jvK we‡`‡k hvevi c~e© gyû‡Z© Zvi `vm‡`i †W‡K Zvi mg¯— m¤úwËi fvi Zv‡`i nv‡Z w`‡q †M‡jb| †mB `vm‡`i †hvM¨Zv Abymv‡i wZwb GKRb‡K cuvP nvRvi, GKRb‡K `yÕnvRvi I GKRb‡K GK nvRvi UvKv w`‡jb|

†h cuvP nvRvi UvKv †cj, †m Zv w`‡q e¨emv K‡i AviI cuvP nvRvi UvKv jvf Ki‡jv| †h yÕnvRvi UvKv †cj †mI GKB fv‡e AviI yÕnvRvi UvKv jvf Ki‡jv| wKš‘ †h GK nvRvi UvKv †cj †m gvwU‡Z MZ© Luy‡o Zvi gwb‡ei UvKv¸wj jywK‡q ivL‡jv|

A‡bK w`b ci †mB gwbe G‡m `vm‡`i KvQ †_‡K wn‡me PvB‡jb| †h cuvP nvRvi UvKv †c‡qwQj †m AviI cuvP nvRvi UvKv wb‡q G‡m ej‡jv, Avcwb Avgv‡K cuvP nvRvi UvKv w`‡qwQ‡jb| †`Lyb Avwg AviI cuvP nvRvi UvKv jvf K‡iwQ| ZLb gwbe Zv‡K ej‡jb †ek K‡i‡Qv| Zzwg fvj I wek¦ — `vm| Zzwg Aí wel‡q wek¦ — e‡j Avwg †Zvgv‡K A‡bK wel‡qi fvi †`‡ev| G‡mv, Avgvi (mv‡_) Avb‡›` †hvM `vI| †h yÕnvRvi UvKv †c‡qwQj †m G‡m ej‡jv Avcwb Avgv‡K yÕnvRvi UvKv w`‡qwQ‡jb, †`Lyb Avwg AviI `yÕnvRvi UvKv jvf K‡iwQ| ZLb Zvi gwbe Zv‡K ej‡jb †ek K‡i‡Qv| Zzwg fvj I wek¦ — `vm| Zzwg Aí wel‡q wek¦ — e‡j Avwg †Zvgv‡K A‡bK wel‡qi fvi †`‡ev| G‡mv, Avgvi (mv‡_) Avb‡›` †hvM `vI| wKš‘ †h GK nvRvi UvKv †c‡qwQj †m G‡m ej‡jv, KZ©v, Avwg RvbZvg Avcwb fqvbK KwVb †jvK| Avcwb †hLv‡b exR †ev‡bb wb †mLvb †_‡K dmj †Zv‡jb Ges †hLv‡b exR Qovb wb †mLvb †_‡K Kzovb, GRb¨ Avwg f‡q gvwU‡‡Z UvKv jywK‡q †i‡LwQjvg| GB †`Lyb Avcbvi wRwbl AvcbviB Av‡Q| Dˇi Zvi gwbe Zv‡K ej‡jb, yó I Ajm `vm! Zzwg †Zv Rvb‡Z †hLv‡b Avwg eywbwb †mLv‡b KvwU Avi †hLv‡b QovBwb †mLv‡b KzovB| Zvn‡j gnvRb‡`i Kv‡Q UvKv ivLwb †Kb? Zv Ki‡j †Zv Avwg G‡m UvKvI †cZvg Ges ms‡M wKQz my`I †cZvg.... (BwÄj, gw_-25:14-27)|

gw_ KZ…©K wee„Z GB DcvL¨vbwU †_‡K my‡`i GB welqwU Cmv (Av) Gi Kv‡Q †cÖixZ wKZv‡e wiev m¤ú‡K© wb‡lavÁvi aviYvwU D‡ë w`‡q‡Q| gnvR‡bi KvQ

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†_‡K cÖvß wiev wb‡lavÁvi ch©v‡q c‡o bv Ggb fve weeiYwU‡Z cwi`wk©Z n‡jI GwU Aek¨B wiev| †Kbbv gvbyl‡K VwK‡q m¤ú` n¯—MZ Kiv‡K e¨emv e‡j Pvwj‡q †`qv hvq bv| bZzb wbq‡g gw_i weei‡Y hxïi GB AvPi‡Yi gva¨‡g Zv cÖKvk cvq:

AZci hxï Dcvmbv N‡i (gmwR` Avj-AvKmv) XyK‡jb Ges †mLv‡b hviv †Kbv-‡ePv KiwQj Zv‡`i mevB‡K Zvwo‡q w`‡jb| wZwb UvKv e`j K‡i †`evi †Uwej....D‡ë w`‡q ej‡jb....Avgvi Ni ïayB cÖv_©Yvi Ni nIqv DwPZ, wKš‘ †Zvgiv GUv‡K †Pvi-WvKv‡Zi Av¯—vbv evwb‡q †d‡jQ| (BwÄj, gw_-21:12-3)|

†m mgq yÕai‡bi gy`ªv cÖPwjZ wQj| GKwU †jvKvj‡q e¨eüZ †ivg mgªv‡Ui Qwe †Lv`vBK…Z gy`ªv hv Dcvmbvj‡q e¨envi wbwl× wQj, Ab¨w`‡K Dcvmbvj‡q e¨eüZ Qwewenxb cweÎ gy`ªv, UvKv e`jKvixMY G¸wj bvbv VKevwRi mvnv‡h¨ e`j Ki‡Zv hv wQj wievi Aš—©fy³|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi cÖ wk©Z c_ Abymi‡Y Cmv (Av) Zuvi Abymvix‡`i my`x †jb‡`b †_‡K wd‡i Avmvi `vIqvZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ Zvi †m cÖ‡Póv mdj nqwb| ywbqvq gymwjg kvmb ev `vi“j-Bmjv‡gi Aw¯—Z¡ hZw`b wQj, ZZw`b gymwjg‡`i Aax‡b _vKvi `i“b Bûw`iv my`x Kviev‡i wb‡qvwRZ n‡Z cv‡iwb| †¯ú‡b gymwjg kvmb Aemv‡bi ci Bûw`iv BD‡iv‡ci bvbv cÖv‡š— Qwo‡q hvq Ges my`x Kvievi ïi“ K‡i| G‡Z LªxóvbivI cÖfvweZ nq, Gfv‡e Gi we¯—…wZ I KycÖfve GZUvB cÖmvi jvf K‡i, †h Kvi‡Y cÖwm× bvU¨Kvi DBwjqvg †m·cxqvi Ôgv‡P©›U Ae †fwbmÕ bvgK KvjRqx bvUK iPbv Ki‡Z eva¨ nb| G wel‡q D‡j(L¨ †h divmx wec(‡ei cªfve my`wbf©i A_©bxwZ‡K AviI AwaK cwigv‡Y Pv½v K‡i †Zv‡j| evB‡e‡ji bZzb ms¯‹i‡Y wiev‡K AvBbwm× Kivi Rb¨ wKQz wKQz e¨vL¨v mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡jI †ivgvb K¨v_wjK Dcvmbvjq¸wji wiev ev my` we‡ivax f~wgKv mvaviY gvbyl I ivRbxwZ‡Z GKwU cÖ”Qbœ cÖfve †i‡LwQj hv divmx wec(‡ei gva¨‡g cy‡ivcywi aywjm¨vr n‡q hvq Ges eva fv½uv †Rv‡qv‡ii gZ wiev mviv BD‡iv‡c Qwo‡q c‡o| divmx I Av‡gwiKvb wec(e Øxb I ivwóªq wewa weavb Ges Av_©-mvgvwRK e¨e ’v I AvPi‡Yi Dci GK hyMvš—Kvix cwieZ©b mvab K‡i †`q| fÛ gmxn `v¾vj I BqvRyR-gvÕRyR bv‡gi †h yÕwU e„nr Aïf kw³ Zv‡`i AZ¨vPvi wbcxob, kVZv I cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g GK d¨vmv`c~Y© wek¦ e¨e ’vi m„wó Ki‡e e‡j KyiÕAvb I nv`x‡m †h Bw½Z i‡q‡Q wec(e `yÕwUi Kvi‡Y †MvUv `ywbqvq Qwo‡q cov d¨vmv` ZviB D¾¡j mv¶¨ enb K‡i P‡j‡Q| BqvRyR-gvÕRyR Gi Ryjyg m`„k Ggb GK wek¦ e¨e ’v AvR M‡o D‡V‡Q hv m‡PZb I Ava¨vwZ¥K Aš—© „wó m¤úbœ †h †Kvb e¨w³B Dcjwä Ki‡Z m¶g| ga¨ hy‡Mi BD‡iv Lªxóvb iv‡R¨i mgq †_‡K ïi“ K‡i AvaywbK BD‡ivcxq cwðgv mf¨Zvi mgq ch©š— BqvRyR gvÕRyR cwiPvwjZ wek¦ e¨e ’vi ˆewkó¨mg~n

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µgvš‡q weKwkZ n‡q‡Q| BD‡ivc †h mgMÖ c„w_exi gvbyl‡K mªóv wegyL I `ybx©wZMÖ ’ K‡i‡Q GUv †Kvb ARvbv welq bq| KviY Gi cÖfv‡e Ggb mKj ¯vaxb mve©‡fŠg iv‡óªi D™¢e N‡U‡Q †hLv‡b Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv‡K mKj ¶gZvi AwaKvix bv †g‡b ivóª‡K mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvi AwaKvix evbv‡bv n‡q‡Q hv mivmwi wki&K Gi ch©vqfy³| wec(e `yÕwUi Kvi‡Y wØZxq †h wech©q N‡U‡Q Zv n‡jv mviv ywbqvq wievi fqsKi †Qve‡ji we¯—vi|1

eZ©gvb `ywbqvi wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’vi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ n‡jv †h, m¤ú` Avi †MvUv mgv‡R cÖevwnZ nq bv| eis ïaygvÎ cuywRcwZ abevb‡`i gv‡SB m¤ú` AvewZ©Z nq| d‡j cuywRcwZ abxMY µgvMZfv‡e abx n‡q P‡j‡Q Avi `wi`ªiv cwiYZ n‡”Q wbt¯ KvOv‡j| mgKvjxb BwZnv‡m †h kw³¸wji DÌvb N‡U‡Q Ges †h kw³¸wj 1 KyiÕAvbyj Kvixg Ges mnxn nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv †h wk¶v cvB Zv n‡jv †kl Rgvbvq †h mKj NUbv NU‡e Zvi gv‡S i‡q‡Q c„w_ex‡Z fÛ-gmxn `v¾vj Ges BqvRyR-gvÕRy‡Ri gyw³jvf| gyw³jvf K‡i Zviv mviv ywbqvq µgvMZ fv‡e Aïf ¶gZv we¯—vi Ki‡Z _vK‡e| ZvivB ywbqv kvm‡bi cwiKíbv Ki‡e Ges †m cwiKíbv ev¯—evqb Ki‡e| †m mgq `v¾vj m„wóKZ©vi f~wgKvq Awfbq Ki‡e d‡j AwaKvsk gvbyl cÖZvwiZ n‡q `v¾v‡ji cwiKíbv AKc‡U †g‡b wb‡e Ges Zv ev¯—evqb K‡i Pj‡e| `v¾vj †h AvaywbK mªóv-wegyL ag© wbi‡c¶ Ges wki&K-Kzd&i Gi Dci cÖwZwôZ wek¦ e¨e ’vi cwiKíbvKvix GUv AvR w`ev‡jv‡Ki gZ cwi¯‹vi| Øx‡bi wewa weav‡bi we‡jvc mvab K‡i gvbe iwPZ AvBb weavb cÖbqb, wievi gva¨‡g Av_©-mvgvwRK AZ¨vPvi wbcxo‡bi e¨vcK we¯—vi, ˆbwZK Ae¶q, †hŠb AbvPvi, Avj(vn& wegyLZv I Ab¨vb¨ †drbv d¨vmv` `v¾vj MwVZ wek¦ e¨e ’vi D¾¡j „óvš— enb K‡i P‡j‡Q|

Bûw`‡`i cÖwZwôZ Kivi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ i‡q‡Q †m kw³¸wjB †MvUv `ywbqvq wiev Qwo‡q w`‡q‡Q| Bûw`iv AvR mviv we‡k¦i e¨vswKs e¨e ’vi wbqš¿K| Bûw` Rb‡Mvôx e¨vsK wbf©i A_© e¨e ’v m„wói gva¨‡g g~jZ my`x FY`vb‡KB cÖwZwôZ K‡i P‡j‡Q|

Bûw`iv me©cÖ_g †MvUv BD‡iv‡c Zv‡`i my`x Kg©KvÛ cÖwZôv K‡i| Avi eZ©gv‡b Zviv my‡hvM ey‡S Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b Av‡iv AwaK my‡hvM m„wó K‡i `ywbqvi me©Î my`x FY`v‡bi gva¨‡g webvkª‡g `wi`ª I †L‡U LvIqv mvaviY gvby‡li m¤ú` †kvlY K‡i Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i A_© m¤ú`‡K evwo‡q wb‡”Q| GKUv mgq wQj gvbyl nvjvj nviv‡gi weavb †g‡b PjZ Ges my`x †jb‡`b‡K N„Yv Ki‡Zv| my`x †jb‡`b Kiv †_‡K weiZ ivLZ wKš‘ divmx wec(‡ei c‡i bxwZ‡eva cy‡ivcywi wbwðý n‡q hvq Ges my`x Kg©KvÛ e¨vcKfv‡e we¯—vi jvf K‡i| cy‡ivcywi my`x A_© e¨e ’v Rvg©vb‡`i Dci GZUvB †kvlY wbh©vZb Pvwj‡qwQj †h, Rvg©vb ivóªcÖavb wnUjvi ZLb Bûw` wba‡b eva¨ n‡q c‡owQ‡jb|

Z_vwc wiev-wbf©i A_©bxwZ Ges Zvi cÖfve µgk cvðvZ¨ Z_v mgMÖ we‡k¦ †gvnRvj Qwo‡q w`‡Z m¶g nq d‡j gvbeZv we‡ivax wievhy³ A_©bxwZ Avš—R©vwZKfv‡e me©Î AvR RMÏj cv_‡ii gZB †P‡c e‡m Av‡Q|

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A_©bxwZ‡Z GB cÖKvi Ab¨vq AvPi‡Yi Rb¨ Bûw`‡`i‡K K‡Vvifv‡e N„Yv K‡i gymwjg‡`i mZK© K‡i †`qv nq| G wel‡q wØZxq wnRixi kvevb gv‡m Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wbKU †_‡K AvqvZ bvwhj nq:

Avi †Zvgiv Ab¨vqfv‡e †Zvgv‡`i ci¯ú‡ii abm¤ú` f¶Y K‡ivbv Ges wePviK‡`i mvg‡b Ggb †Kvb Z_¨ †ck K‡ivbv hv‡Z K‡i †Zvgiv A‡b¨i m¤ú‡`i †Kvb Ask †R‡bï‡b †eAvBbxfv‡e f¶Y Kivi my‡hvM cv‡e| (m~iv evKviv, 2:188)|

e ‘Z ZIiv‡Z AhvwPZfv‡e n¯—‡¶c I ZIiv‡Zi evYx i`e`‡ji mgq †_‡KB Bûw`iv AbeiZ wiev I bvbv ai‡bi A‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Ûi m‡½ wjß n‡q c‡o‡Q| GwU AviI Pig AvKvi avib K‡i hLb Zviv wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨I ci¯úi my`x Kg©Kv‡Û wb‡qvwRZ nq| G wel‡q mv¤cÖwZKKv‡j ¸B›Uvi c(vDU ZIiv‡Z wiev welqK wbwl×KiY m¤ú‡K© gš—e¨ Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jb GK mgq Bûw` hy‡M ag©hvRKMY my` †bqvi wec‡¶ cÖPviYv Pvjv‡Zb| †m mgq †Kvb e¨w³ my`wenxb FY w`‡j †m Rvbœv‡Zi wbÕAvgvZ †c‡q‡Q e‡j cÖksmv Kiv nÕZ| cieZx©‡Z A_©‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Ûi Ask wn‡m‡e my` MÖnY I cÖ vb ˆea †NvlYv Kiv nq| GUv ZIiv‡Zi cÖK…Z wk¶vi m¤ú~Y© wecixZ e‡j ¸B›Uvi gš—e¨ K‡ib|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv m~iv Avb&-wbmvq `yó Bûw` KZ…©K ZIiv‡Z cwieewZ©Z wiev welqK wb‡lavÁv cwieZ©b m¤ú‡K© gymwjg‡`i ûwkqvi K‡i †`b:

†n gyÕwgbMY †Zvgiv ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ G‡K Ac‡ii m¤ú` (wiev I Ab¨vb¨ cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g) Ab¨vqfv‡e f¶Y K‡iv bv †Kbbv e¨emvwqK †jb‡`b ci¯ú‡ii wek¦vm I m‡š—v‡li wfwˇZB nIqv Avek¨K| Avi †Zvgiv wb‡Riv wb‡R‡`i‡K nZ¨v K‡iv bv (A‰eafv‡e A‡b¨i m¤ú` f¶Y K‡i wb‡Riv wb‡R‡`i aŸsm K‡iv bv)| wbðqB Avj;vn& cig `qvj~y| (m~iv wbmv, 4:29)|

c~‡e©vwj(wLZ Avqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Avgiv GKwU welq m¤ú‡K© my¯úó aviYv I ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wb‡ ©kbv cvB †h wiev bq eis cvi¯úwiK †mŠnv © I mg‡SvZvi wfwˇZ e¨emv cwiPvjbv K‡i mgv‡R A_©‰bwZK e¨e ’v Pvjy ivL‡Z n‡e| imyjyj(vn& (m) wiev‡K nviv‡gi Pzovš— †NvlYv w`‡q gvbyl‡K A_©‰bwZK AwePvi I wbcxob gy³ A_© e¨e ’v Dcnvi w`‡q hvb| GB A_© e¨e ’vq m¤ú` cuywRev`x abx‡`i gv‡SB ïay AvewZ©Z nqbv eis Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †`qv m¤ú` (wih&K) †MvUv mgv‡R cÖevwnZ n‡q `vwi`ª, AmnvqZ¡ cÖ_v‡K wejyß K‡i †`q| GB A_© e¨e ’v †NvlYv †`q †h ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ Awek¦vm I cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g †Kvb †jb‡`b e¨emvi Aš—f©y³ bq Ges my`-wfwËK A_©bxwZ mvgvwRK g~j¨‡eva‡K aŸsm K‡i Ges mgvR‡K e¨waMÖ ’ K‡i|

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wievi welv³ msµg‡b KjywlZ mgv‡R `v½v-nv½vgv I d¨vmv` µgk †e‡o wM‡q eZ©gv‡b Zv ’vqx iƒc aviY K‡i‡Q| d‡j gvbe mf¨Zv AvR aŸs‡mi c‡_| G ai‡bi Aïf Kg©Kv‡Ûi cwiYwZ wn‡m‡e Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb:

†h e¨w³B Ab¨vq, mxgvjsNb, evovevwo I hyjy‡gi mv‡_ Giƒc Ki‡e, Zv‡K Avgiv wbðqB Av¸‡b wb‡¶c K‡i Sj‡m †`e Ges G KvR Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi Rb¨ LyeB mnR| (m~iv wbmv, 4:30)|

Bûw`‡`i Øviv gynv¤§` (m) I KyiÕAv‡bi wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYv cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ges bZzb D¤§vn&i D™¢e KyiÕAv‡bi wewamg~n †hgb wKejv cwieZ©b, wmqvg cvjb eva¨Zvg~jK (dih), Bûw`‡`i Øviv m„ó I cÖPwjZ wiev e¨e ’v cÖZ¨vLvb, wiev wbwl×KiY BZ¨vw` welq¸wj avivevwnKfv‡e bvwhj nIqvi d‡j Bûw`MY µgk kw¼Z n‡Z _v‡K|

gw`bvq wnhi‡Zi ci Avj-KyiÕAv‡bi AvBb weavb Abyhvqx bex (m) Gi M„nxZ c`‡¶c, Bûw` I Lªxóvb m¤cÖ vq‡K †m mKj wel‡q Rvbvi Rb¨ AvMÖnx K‡i †Zv‡j| c~e©eZx© mg‡q gymwjgMYI †Ri“Rv‡jg gyLx n‡q mjvn& Av`vq Ki‡Zb| †Ri“Rv‡jg mKj gvby‡li Kv‡Q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© bMix hv Lªxóvb‡`i Kv‡QI mgvbfv‡e cweÎ Ges GB cweÎ bMixi `LjcÖvwß wb‡q Gi Av‡M eûevi Lªxóvb I Bûw`‡`i g‡a¨ hy× n‡q‡Q| wØZxqZ ZIiv‡Z Dcevm ev mvIg cvj‡bi †h weavb i‡q‡Q †m GKB weavb D‡j(L K‡i bex (m) cÖwZ AvqvZ bvwhj nIqv| c~e©eZx© mg‡q ZIiv‡Zi wewa Abymv‡i GK mvܨKvjxb mgq n‡Z cieZx© mvܨKvjxb mgq ch©š— mvIg cvjb I †mmg‡q Lv`¨ ªe¨ MÖnY, cvbvnvi I ¿xMgb m¤ú~Y© wbwl× wQj|

Bûw` wbqg Abymv‡i ZIiv‡Z †jexq (23:26-32)-i eY©bvq GLbI †h wel‡qi mZ¨Zv †g‡j Zv nj ZIiv‡Z gv‡mi beg w`‡b GK mvܨKvjxb mgq †_‡K Aci mvܨKvjxb mgq ch©š— cvbvnvi †_‡K wb‡R‡K m¤ú~Y© weiZ ivLvi Abykxjb Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q|

gw`bvq bex (m) wnhi‡Zi wKQzw`‡bi g‡a¨B nhiZ gynv¤§` (m) †K bex wn‡m‡e Bûw`‡`i Øviv cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi welqwU my¯úó n‡q I‡V| ewb KvBbyKv †Mv‡Îi Bûw` i¨vevB ev ag©hvRK ûmvBb web mvjv‡gi Bmjvg MÖn‡Yi ci ciB GB mZ¨ cÖKvk cvq|

Bûw` ieŸvbx ûmvBb web mvjvg (cieZx©‡Z Bmjvg Keyj K‡ib Ges whwb Ave`yj(vn web mvjvg (iv) bv‡g cwiwPZ) Dcjw× Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb gynv¤§` (m)

76

B n‡jb wb‡`©wkZ †mB bex hvi K_v Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv ZIiv‡Z D‡j(L K‡iwQ‡jb| †m bex Bûw` eskxq bb, hv‡K Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv †kl bex wn‡m‡e g‡bvbxZ K‡i‡Qb| Bûw`‡`i Awe‡ePbv cÖm~Z wewfbœ kqZvwb Kg©Kv‡Ûi Rb¨ †m nK †_‡K Zviv ewÂZ n‡q‡Q| Beªvnxg (Av) Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Kv‡Q `yÕAv K‡iwQ‡jb Zuvi esk n‡Z †hb cieZx© bex imyj‡`i Rb¥ nq, ZLb Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv `yó I d¨vmv` m„wóKvix e¨w³ e¨ZxZ Ab¨‡`i Rb¨ Zvi GB yÕAv Keyj K‡iwQ‡jb| wb‡R‡`i K…ZK‡g©i Rb¨B GB beyq¨vZ Bûw`‡`i nvZQvov n‡q‡Q GB wbg©g mZ¨wU wZwb Dcjwä K‡i mcwiev‡i gynv¤§` (m) Gi Kv‡Q Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib|

ÔAvgvi Iqv`v hvwjg‡`i Rb¨ bqÕ ïay GB GKwU ûwkqvi evYxi gva¨‡gB Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Bûw` ivweŸ (ag©hvRK) Be&‡b mvjvg‡K Bmjv‡gi QvqvZ‡j ’vb K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb|

hLb Beªvnxg (Av) †K Zuvi ie K‡qKwU K_v w`‡q cix¶v K‡iwQ‡jb wZwb †m cix¶vq DËxY© n‡qwQ‡jb| ZLb Avj;vn& Zv‡K ej‡jb Ô†Zvgv‡K gvbeRvwZi †bZv Kiv njÕ| ZLb Beªvnxg ej‡jb, Avgvi mš—vb‡`i cÖwZI wK Avcbvi GB Iqv`v? wZwb Dˇi ej‡jb, ÒAvgvi Iqv`v hvwjg‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ bqÓ| (2:124)|

†ekxifvM Bûw`B Ryjyg wbh©vZbg~jK Kg©KvÛ †_‡K wb‡R‡`i‡K gy³ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| G wel‡q D‡j(L Ki‡Z wM‡q me©kw³gvb Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv cieZx© AvqvZ mg~‡n Gi e„„Ëvš— Zz‡j a‡ib:

AZci Zviv Iqv`v f½ K‡i Ges Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi AvqvZ‡K Kzdix (A¯xKvi) K‡i Ges Ab¨vqfv‡e Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi bex-imyj‡`i nZ¨v K‡i| GgbwK Zviv Zv‡`i Aš—i Avei‡Yi g‡a¨ msiw¶Z e‡j `vex K‡i| A_P Ab¨vq AwePv‡ii Avwa‡K¨ Avj;vn& Zv‡`i w`‡ji Dci †gvni jvwM‡q w`‡q‡Qb| Avi G Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i Lye Kg msL¨KB Cgvb Avb‡e| (4:155)|

AZci Zv‡`i Kzdix GZUvB AMÖmi n‡jv †h, gviBqv‡gi Dci (RviR mš—vb cÖm‡ei gZ) RNb¨ I wg_¨v Acev` G‡bwQj| (4:156)|

Avi Zviv ejj Avj;vni imyj gviBqvg web Cmv gmxn‡K Avgiv nZ¨v K‡iwQ, A_P bv Zviv Zv‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q Ges bv Zv‡K ï‡j Pwo‡q‡Q eis cy‡iv NUbvUv wQj Zv‡`i Rb¨ GKwU †MvjK avav (KviY ï‡j Povevi mgq Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Cmv (Av) †K Zuvi Kv‡Q Zz‡j wb‡qwQ‡jb Ges cÖZviK‡`i GKR‡bi †Pnviv Bmv (Av) Gi Abyiƒc K‡i †`b| d‡j nZ¨vKvixiv Zv‡K wPb‡Z cv‡iwb Ges mwVK NUbv bv Rvbvi Kvi‡Y hviv gZwe‡iva K‡iwQj ZvivI G‡Z m‡›`‡n cwZZ nj)| Abygv‡bi AbymiY Kiv Qvov Zv‡`i Kv‡Q mwVK †Kvb ÁvbB wQj bv| Avi GUvB wbwðZ †h Zviv Zv‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i wb| (4:157)|

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eis (Avmj NUbv wQj GB †h) Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv kkix‡i Zuv‡K Zvi wb‡Ri Kv‡Q Zz‡j wb‡q‡Qb, Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv gnv civµgkvjx I gnv cÖÁvgq| (4:158)|

(G) Avn‡j wKZve‡`i gv‡S Ggb GKRbI _vK‡e bv, †h e¨w³ Zvi g„Zz¨i Av‡M Bmv gmxn (Av) Gi (m¤ú‡K© Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi G K_vi) Ici Cgvb Avb‡e bv| wKqvgv‡Zi w`b †m wb‡RB G‡`i Dci mv¶x n‡e| (4:159)|

Bûw`‡`i evovevwo I mxgvjsNbg~jK AvPi‡Yi Rb¨ Ggb A‡bK cweÎ wRwbmI Avwg Zv‡`i Rb¨ nvivg K‡i w`‡qwQjvg †hUv Zv‡`i Rb¨ (c~‡e©) nvjvj wQj| GUv G Kvi‡Y †h, Giv eû gvbyl‡K Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi c_ †_‡K weiZ †i‡L‡Q| (4:160)|

†h‡nZz Giv (†jb‡`‡b) wiev ev my` MÖnY K‡i, hv my¯úófv‡e Zv‡`i wb‡la Kiv n‡qwQj Ges Zviv A‡b¨i gvj-m¤ú` †auvKv cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g MÖvm K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ (G me Aciv‡a wjß) Kvwdi‡`i R‡b¨ Avwg ZvB KwVb Avhve wbw`©ó K‡i †i‡LwQ| (4:161)|

Ave`yj(vn web mvjvg Bûw` `¤¢‡K D‡c¶v K‡i Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib hLb wZwb Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvi‡jb †h gynv¤§` (m) n‡jb Zv‡`i wKZv‡e wb‡ ©wkZ †kl bex Ges Av‡iv Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvi‡jb †mB cig mZ¨ KyiÕAv‡bi wee„Z Av‡Q:

hv‡`i‡K Avgiv wKZve w`‡qwQ, Zviv gynv¤§`‡K bex iƒ‡c wPb‡Z cv‡i, †hgwb wPb‡Z cv‡i wb‡R‡`i mš—vb‡`i‡K| wKš‘ Zv‡`i g‡a¨ GKwU `j †R‡b ey‡S cÖK…Z mZ¨‡K †Mvcb K‡i‡Q| (m~iv evKviv, 2:146)|

Bûw`MY GUv KLbI †g‡b wb‡Z cv‡iwb †h Avj(vn&i †cÖixZ †kl bex ebx BmivBj es‡k bv R‡b¥ GKRb Avie eskxq n‡e| g~jZ Zv‡`i AnwgKv I g›` Kv‡Ri cÖwZ `ye©jZv me mgqB Zv‡`i‡K wec‡_ PvwjZ K‡i G‡m‡Q| Bûw`iv n‡jv mKj KzK‡g©i †nvZv| wiev‡Z AeMvnb Kiv Zv‡`i kqZvwb KvR Kviev‡ii g‡a¨ GKwU Ab¨Zg KvR e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

hLb Ave yj(vn web mvjvg gynv¤§` (m) Gi Kv‡Q Bmjvg ag© MÖnY Ki‡jb ZLb Zvi m‡½ m‡½ bex (m) †K Zvi Aš—‡i jyKv‡bv fxwZi K_vI Rvbv‡jb| wZwb wQ‡jb Bûw` ieŸvbx ev ag©hvRK| Zvi Abymvix‡`i wZwb †h wk¶v w`‡q G‡mwQ‡jb, Bmjvg MÖn‡Y Zviv Zv‡K wg‡_¨ev`x wn‡m‡e Acev` w`‡Z cv‡i, A_P wZwb Rv‡bb wbR Øx‡bi mZ¨‡K Dcjwä K‡iB wZwb Zv‡K †kl bex (m) wn‡m‡e ¯xKvi K‡i wb‡”Qb| bex (m) wKQz Bûw` bv Avmv ch©š— A‡c¶v Ki‡jb, cieZx©‡Z wKQz Bûw` Avm‡j wZwb Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i ieŸvbx mvjvg m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Ki‡jb| cÖZz¨Ë‡i Zviv mK‡jB ejj wZwb Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ me‡P‡q fvj, Avgv‡`i cÖavb ieŸvbxi cyÎ I Ab¨Zg cÖavb ieŸvbxM‡Yi GKRb e‡j AwfwnZ Ki‡jv|

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gynv¤§` (m) ej‡jb †Zvgiv hw` †`L wZwb Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Zvn‡j †Zvgiv wK ej‡e? Zviv mg¯‡i e‡j DV‡jv, Ck¦i †hb GUv bv K‡ib| GUv KL‡bv m¤¢e bq| †m gyû‡Z© Ave`yj(vn& web mvjvg †ei n‡q G‡jb Ges Zv‡`i Rvbv‡jb †h wZwb Zuvi cÖwZ Cgvb G‡b‡Qb| wZwb Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv I Zuvi †cÖwiZ †kl bex gynv¤§` (m) †K ¯xKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Qb, G‡Z Dcw ’Z Bûw`iv †i‡M †Mj Ges Zviv Rvbv‡jv Zv‡`i GB ieŸx wQj me‡P‡q wg‡_¨ev`x, me‡P‡q wbK…ó, Gfv‡e wewfbœ K_v e‡j Zviv Zv‡K AcgvwbZ Ki‡jv I gynv¤§` (m) Ges KyiÕAvb Gi cÖwZ Av‡iv †ekx Awek¦vm I Abxnv cÖKvk K‡i KyiÕAvb †_‡K Av‡iv ~‡i P‡j †Mj|

AZci ïay gy‡L KyiÕAvb I gynv¤§` (m) †K A¯xKvi KivB bq Bûw`iv Bmjvg‡K wbg~©j Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ lohš¿ ïi“ K‡i w`j hv Av‡Rv weivRgvb| G wel‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv ¯úó †NvlYv †`b hv LyeB Zvrch©c~Y©:

wbðqB Avgiv (AwaK gh©v`v I ¸i“Z¡ †evSv‡Z Aviex fvlvi cÖKvk f½x Abyhvqx Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv ÔAvwgÕ Gi cwie‡Z© ÔAvgivÕ kã e¨envi K‡i‡Qb) gymv‡K wKZve `vb K‡iwQ Ges µgvMZfv‡e bex-imyj cvwV‡qwQ| AZci Avgiv gvwiqvg‡K ‡cÖiY K‡iwQ Ges cweÎ iƒn (A_© Av‡`k, Iqvnx ev Rxeªxj Av) Øviv Zv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡iwQ| GiciI (wK Ggb nIqv DwPr wQj) hLbB †Zvgv‡`i (Bûw`‡`i) Kv‡Q Zv (Iqvnx, Av‡`k) wb‡q †Kvb imyj G‡m‡Q †Zvgiv Zv‡`i mv‡_ AnsKvi †`Lv‡j, (†Zvgv‡`i AcK‡g©i wei“‡× K_v ejv‡Z) Zv‡`i AcQ›` Ki‡j, Zv‡`i KZK‡K Agvb¨ Ki‡j Ges KZK‡K †g‡i †dj‡j| Avi Zviv (Bûw`iv) ejj Avgv‡`i Aš—i Av”Qvw`Z (myiw¶Z) i‡q‡Q| eis Zv‡`i Kzdixi Kvi‡Y Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i‡K jvÕbZ (Awfkvc) K‡i‡Qb ZvB Zv‡`i gv‡S Kg †jvKB Av‡Q hviv Cgvb Avb‡e| Avi Zv‡`i Kv‡Q hLbB Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K wKZve bvwhj n‡jv hv Zv‡`i Kv‡Q msiw¶Z wKZv‡ei (ZIiv‡Zi) mZ¨vqYKvix| GB wKZve (KyiÕAvb) bvwhj nIqvi c~‡e© Zviv wb‡RivB Ab¨ Kvwdi‡`i gyKvwejvq mvnvh¨ I weRq jv‡fi Kvgbv Ki‡Zv| A_P hLb Zv (KyiÕAvb) Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Avm‡jv ZLb Zv Zviv wPb‡Z †c‡iI Zv‡K (KyiÕAvb‡K) Agvb¨ Ki‡jv| Avi (hvivB KyiÕAvb‡K A¯xKvi K‡i) mKj Kvwdi‡`i Dci Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi jvÕbvZ| Zviv hvi wewbg‡q wb‡R‡`i gb cÖvY‡K wewµ Ki‡Q Zv KZB bv wbK…ó| ïaygvÎ †R‡`i (†Mvovgxi) Kvi‡Y Zviv Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi bvwhj Kiv wewa weavb Agvb¨ K‡i‡Q| Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Zuvi ev›`v‡`i ga¨ †_‡K hv‡K B”Qv Zv‡KB beyqvZ `vb K‡i AbyMÖn K‡ib| Zv‡`i Kzdixi Kvi‡Y Zviv MR‡ei Dci MRe Øviv cwi‡ewóZ n‡q‡Q| Avi Kvwdi‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q AcgvbRbK Avhve| (m~iv evKviv, 2:87-90)|

wKQzw`b c‡iB 2q wnRixi mvevb gv‡m Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wb‡`©‡k mgMÖ gymwjg D¤§vn mjvn& Av`v‡qi w`K (wKejv) †Ri“Rv‡jg †_‡K g°vq Kvev N‡ii w`‡K cwiewZ©Z nq|

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Avi Gfv‡eB †Zvgv‡`i‡K Avgiv evwb‡qwQ ga¨gcš’x D¤§vn (RvwZ) †hb †Zvgiv `ywbqvi †jvK‡`i mv¶x nI Avi imyj (m) †hb †Zvgv‡`i mv¶x nb| c~‡e© Avgiv †hw`‡K wKejv evwb‡q wQjvg GRb¨ †hb Rvb‡Z cvwi †K imyj (m) AbymiY K‡i Avi †K wecixZ w`‡K wd‡i hvq| (m~iv evKviv, 2:143)|

hviv gynv¤§` (m) †K cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kij Ges †Ri“Rv‡jg‡KB Zv‡`i wKejv wn‡m‡e AcwiewZ©Z ivLj Zviv GB D¤§vn&i ewnf~©Z| Af¨š—ixY kw³ mÂq K‡i msNe× n‡q Z‡eB hyׇ¶‡Î ewntkw³i †gvKvwejv Kiv hvq GB wk¶v †`qvi D‡Ï‡k¨ G mgq igv`vb gv‡m wmqvg diR Kiv nÕj| Zvi ciciB wiev e¨e ’v cÖPj‡bi wec‡¶ cybivq gyÕwgb‡`i‡K Avj(vn& ûwkqvi K‡i †`b|

Avi †Zvgiv evwZj cš’vq (Nyl, wiev I Ab¨vb¨ cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g) †Zvgv‡`i ci¯ú‡ii gvjm¤ú` MÖvm K‡iv bv Ges GmKj gvj MÖvm Kivi j‡¶¨ Zv wb‡q wePvi‡Ki mvg‡b †ck K‡ivbv †h, †Zvgiv Ac‡ii Ask (Ab¨vq AwePvi) ¸Yv‡ni mv‡_ †R‡b ey‡S †fvM-`Lj Kivi my‡hvM cv‡eÓ| (m~iv evKviv, 2:188)|

cwi‡k‡l Bûw`‡`i wiev welqK Kg©KvÛ I A_©bxwZ †_‡K gy³ n‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †cÖwiZ ev›`v I imyj gynv¤§` (m) Gi Abymvix n‡q m¤ú~Y© bZzb Avw½‡K I bZzb †PZbvq DØy× n‡q hvÎv ïi“ Ki‡jv Bmjv‡gi QvqvZ‡j †h RvwZ Zv nj gymwjg RvwZ| hv mgMÖ gvbe mgv‡R ingvZ¯iƒc| gynv¤§` (m) Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ gymwjg RvwZ wiev hy³ A_© e¨e ’v cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Q| gymwjgMYB wiev gy³ Rxeb hvÎvi DËg g‡Wj wn‡m‡e mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi Kv‡Q AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| gynv¤§` (m) Gi gva¨‡g Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv gymwjg RvwZ‡K ûwkqvi I mZK© K‡i w`‡q‡Qb †h, wek¦vmNvZK Bûw`iv wiev ev my` wfwËK A_© e¨e ’vi aygªRv‡j gymwjg RvwZ‡K µgvMZfv‡e weåvš— Ki‡Z _vK‡e|1

Avi gvby‡li gv‡S wePvi dvqmvjv Ki Zv w`‡q hv Avj;vn bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡`i †LqvjLykxi AbymiY K‡ivbv| Zviv †hb wdrbvq †d‡j Avj;vni bvwhj Kiv wn`vqvZ n‡Z †Zvgv‡`i‡K GKwe›`y cwigvY weåvš— Ki‡Z bv cv‡i, AZci Zviv hw` (†Zvgvi wePvi dvqmvjv n‡Z) gyL wdwi‡q †bq Zvn‡j Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Pvb Zv‡`i ¸bvn&i Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K Avhve-gywmev‡Z cvKovI Ki‡Z| wbðqB AwaKvsk †jvKB dvwmK| (5:49-50)|

KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYvi (wb‡lavÁvi) wØZxq avc wØZxq av‡c wievi Dci †h wb‡lavÁv †NvlYv Kiv n‡qwQj Zv ¯úófv‡e KyiÕAv‡bi m~iv ÔAv‡j BgivbÕ-G D‡j(L i‡q‡Q Ges GUv (3q wnt) Dû`-Gi hy‡×i Aí wKQzw`b ci bvwhj n‡qwQj| wievi d‡j †h me Ab¨vq AwePvi I A‰bwZK Kg©KvÛ

80

mvwaZ nq g~jZ †m¸wj Rvbv‡bvi gva¨‡g wiev wbg~©‡j gvbyl‡K Drmvn `vb KivB GB AvqvZ bvwh‡ji g~j D‡Ïk¨|

1 eZ©gvb we‡k¦i gymwjgiv eyS‡Z cvi‡Q bv †h Zviv wievi †mB aygªRv‡j AvU‡K wM‡q cÖK…Zc‡¶ Bmjv‡gi mv‡_B wek¦vmNvZKZv Ki‡Q| gvB‡µ‡µwWU Gi e‡`Šj‡Z KZ `wi ª cwievi †h wbt¯ KvOv‡j cwiYZ n‡q iv¯—vq ‡b‡g‡Q Zvi cÖK…Z wn‡me Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvB fvj Rv‡bb| ïay hviv m‡PZb Zviv †`L‡Z cv‡eb MÖvgxb e¨vsK, eª vK Ges Ab¨vb¨ NGO ev Kw_Z Dbœqb ms ’v¸wj `wi ª‡`i Ng©v³ cwikª‡gi wewbg‡q AwR©Z A_© †kvlY K‡i wb‡q ˆZix Ki‡Q BRAC Tower, Grameen Tower| G wel‡q Kv‡ivi cÖwZev‡`i fvlv †bB| †Kbbv hviv cÖwZev` Kivi ¶gZv iv‡Lb Zviv Zv‡`iB mn‡hvMx| Avi Giv hv‡`i †kvlY K‡i P‡j‡Q †mB `wi`ª RbM‡Yi bv Av‡Q wk¶vi †Rvi bv Av‡Q K‡Úi †Rvi| Zviv bxi‡e wbf„‡ZB †Ku‡` g‡i| GUvB wievi gv‡S jywK‡q _vKv A_©‰bwZK mvgªvR¨ev`| wiev wfwËK e¨vswKs e¨e ’vB GB A_©‰bwZK mvgªvR¨ we¯—v‡ii g~j PvwjKv kw³|

†n †jvKmKj †Zvgiv hviv Cgvb G‡bQ, †Zvgiv (webv cwikª‡g) m¤ú` e„w× Kivi Rb¨ Pµe„w× nv‡i wiev f¶Y K‡iv bv, Avj(vn‡K fq Ki, hv‡Z †Zvgiv Kj¨vYcÖvß n‡Z cvi| Avj(vn& I imy‡ji cÖwZ Awek¦vmx‡`i Rb¨ ˆZix Av¸b‡K fq Ki Ges Avj(vn& I Zuvi imyj‡K †g‡b Pj hv‡Z †Zvgiv Avj(vni ingvZ cÖvß n‡Z cvi| (m~iv Av‡j-Bgivb, 3:130-32)|

GKRb FY MÖnxZvi wbKU n‡Z †KŠk‡j wKsev †Rvi c~e©K ev fxwZ cÖ k©b K‡i jMœxK…Z As‡Ki Dci cwigvY hvB †nvK, wظY, wZb¸Y ev ZviI AwaK my` Av`vq Kiv Aek¨B gvivZ¥K Aciva| wiev ev my` Av`vq FYMÖnbKvixi cÖwZ †h Pig Ab¨vq Ges Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi mxgvjsNb Zv KyiÕAvbyj gvRx‡`i wewfbœ Avqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Avgv‡`i wk¶v MÖn‡Yi e¨e ’v K‡i w`‡q‡Q|

wØZxq av‡c KyiÕAvb wiev ev my` Av`vb cÖ vb‡K mivmwi wbwl× †NvlYv K‡i| Zv‡Z ejv nq nvivg †NvlYv Kiv m‡Ë¡I †KD hw` wievhy³ †jb‡`b Ki‡Z _v‡K, Zviv †hb †R‡b iv‡L †h wiev Bmjv‡g wbwl× Ges wiev †jb‡`b AvBbZ `Ûbxq Aciva| ZvQvov AvwLiv‡ZI wiev‡Lvi‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q KwVb Avhve|

j¶¨ ivLv Avek¨K, †h mgq GB wiev‡K wbwl× Kivi AvBb cÖYxZ n‡qwQj, wKš‘ wb‡lavÁv cÖYq‡bi c~‡e© †h mg¯— my`x †jb‡`‡bi Pzw³ n‡qwQj, †m¸wj AvBbZ ˆea e‡j we‡ewPZ nq| †m‡¶‡Î FYMÖnxZv‡K wiev cÖ vb Ki‡Z n‡qwQj| Z‡e †h mKj FYPzw³ wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYv m¤úwK©Z AvqvZ bvwh‡ji c‡i n‡qwQj †mLv‡b wiev MÖnY wbwl× nq|

AZx‡Zi Pzw³¸wj‡Z wievi Dci wb‡lavÁv Av‡ivc bv Kivi KviY m¤¢eZ GB wQj †h Gi d‡j ZrKvjxb A_©bxwZ †Z nVvr K‡i G wbqg Rvix Ki‡j ZrKv‡j cÖPwjZ

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A_©‰bwZK e¨e ’vq wek„•Ljv m„wó n‡Z cvi‡Zv| Kvwdi ev Awek¦vmxiv Ges †kvlK †kªYx †m my‡hv‡M H wb‡lavÁvi wei“‡× RbgZ m„wó Kivi cÖqvm †cZ|

wØZxqZ ïaygvÎ AvBb cÖ‡qvM K‡i ev wb‡lavÁv Rvix K‡i wiev wejyß Kiv m¤¢e n‡Zv bv, Gi Rb¨ Av‡iv cÖ‡qvRb wQj wiev wejyßKiY cÖwµqvq gvbwmK cÖ ‘wZ, AvZ¥ we‡k(l‡Yi gva¨‡g AvZ¥ïw× I Av‡Z¥vbœqY| ZLb cÖ‡qvRb wQj GK Ava¨vwZ¥K wec(e hv gvbyl‡K Cgvbx †PZbvq ewjqvb Ki‡Z m¶g| †Kbbv AvZ¥ïw× AR©‡bi gva¨‡g RbgZ‡K mymsNwUZ K‡i KvswLZ j‡¶¨ wb‡q hvIqv hZUv mnR nVvr AvBb K‡i Zv cvj‡b eva¨ Kiv ZZUv mnR bq|

wiev wejyßKi‡Yi wØZxq avcwU G Kvi‡YB Qq eQi ch©š— mgq wb‡qwQj| GUzKz mg‡qi g‡a¨ Avgiv †`wL †h cyivZb wievhy³ FY¸wj‡K ˆea wKš‘ byZbfv‡e wievhy³ FY Pzw³ My‡jv‡K A‰ea †NvlYv Kiv n‡qwQj| Avm‡j hviv my`‡Lvi, Zv‡`i-‡K ‰bwZKfv‡e Pvc m„wó KivB Gi †KŠkj wQj| D‡Ïk¨ wQj Zv‡`i ü`q I AbyfywZ‡Z AvNvZ K‡i Zv‡`i gvbweKZv‡K weKwkZ Kiv hv‡Z Zviv wbR †_‡KB GB my`-Gi `vex cwinvi K‡i Ges wiev wbg~©‡j GwM‡q Av‡m|

GUv Avðh©RbK †h DBwjqvg †m·wcqvi Zvi cÖwm× bvUK ÔÔgv‡P©›U Ae †fwbmÓ -G wØZxq av‡ci b¨vq PgrKviiƒ‡c wievÕi weiƒ×vPviY K‡i‡Qb| kvBjK bv‡gi GK Bqvûw` A_© jwMœKvix gnvRb †fwbm kn‡i my‡`i igigv e¨emv KiZ| FY MÖnYKvix‡`i F‡Yi wecix‡Z eÜK cÖ vb (FYMÖn‡Yi As‡Ki cwigv‡bi †_‡K †ekx †Kvb m¤ú`) Ki‡Z nZ Ges FY cwi‡kva bv Ki‡Z cvi‡j GB eÜKx gvj¸wj ev‡Rqvß Kiv nZ|

kvBj‡Ki wei“×ev`x GbUwbI bvgK GKRb Lªxóvb e¨emvqx wQ‡jb wZwb cÖKv‡k¨ kvBj‡Ki GB my wfwËK F‡Yi wb›`v Ki‡Zb|

GK`v eÜz‡K wec` †_‡K cwiÎv‡bi Rb¨ G›UwbIi wKQz A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb nj| kvBjK †`Lj, G›UwbIi e`jv †bevi G GK Ac~e© my‡hvM| †m wKQz A_© cÖ v‡bi Rb¨ Pzw³ Kij GB k‡Z© †h GB UvKv wba©vwiZ w`‡bi Av‡M cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e| †h‡nZz G›UwbIi hveZxq m¤ú` RvnvRxKiY wQj †Kvb cÖKvi eÜK G‡¶‡Î †`qv m¤¢e wQj bv| GB F‡Yi wecix‡Z †Kvb my` avh© Kiv m¤¢e wQj bv| kvBjK GB my‡hvMUvB wbj FYPzw³i kZ© nÕj mgqgZ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j G›UwbIi ey‡Ki GK cvDÛ gvsm kvBjK‡K w`‡Z n‡e| wbi“cvq n‡q G›UwbI GB k‡Z© ivRx nq| Gfv‡eB Pzw³wU m¤úbœ nq wKš‘ NUbvµ‡g GB FY ‡kva Kiv Zvi c‡¶ m¤¢eci nj bv d‡j kvBj‡Ki G›UwbIi ey‡Ki gvsmwcÛi Dci `vex cÖwZwôZ n‡q †Mj|

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G›UwbI wKQzw`b ci Lei †cj †h Zvi RvnvR Wywe n‡q †m meB nvwi‡q‡Q| G›UwbI ZLb GB FYwU cwi‡kv‡a A¶gZv cÖKvk Kij| ZLb kvBjK Av`vj‡Z G›UwbIi gvsmwcÛ `vex K‡i emj| Bqvûw` A_©-jMœxKvix e¨emvqx Zvi †Kvb FY Acwi‡kvwaZ _vK‡Z w`‡Z cv‡i bv| GB F‡Yi wecix‡Z †Kvb cÖKvi eÜKI ivLv nq wb weavq FY MÖnbKvix‡K †h bvwK Zvi e¨emv cÖK…wZi we‡ivwaZv Ki‡Zv, Zv‡K `„óvš—g~jK kvw¯— cÖ vbc~e©K cÖwZ‡kva †bevi Rb¨ Db¥Ë nj| G›UwbI ZLb eyS‡Z cvi‡jb Ges Avðh©vwšZ n‡jb †h Bqvûw` A_©jwMœKviK Avm‡jB Zvi mv‡_ †Kvbiƒc g¯‹iv K‡i wb| †m mwZ¨B Zvi ey‡Ki gvsm wcÛ †K‡U wb‡Z Pvq|

GLv‡b †m·cxqi †cvwk©qv bvgK GK DwKj‡K wb‡qvM Ki‡jb| kvBjK‡K wZwb A‡bKfv‡e eySv‡jb, Zvi gvbweKZv‡K RvMÖZ Kivi †Póv Ki‡jb Ges Zv‡K `qv I AbyK¤úv cÖ k©b Ki‡Z Aby‡iva Ki‡jb| wKš‘ kvBjK AvBbZ Zvi wievi wecix‡Z GKLÛ gvsm cvq ZvB †m Zvi wm×v‡š— n‡q iBj Abo| †hUv †m·cxqvi Af~Zmy›`i eY©bvi gva¨‡g dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb mgMÖ e¨vcviwU‡K, GKLÛ gvsm‡K iƒcKwPÎ a‡i| †cvwk©qv Dcjwä K‡iwQj GB `vex kvBj‡Ki ˆbwZKZv Ges Aš—i‡K KjywlZ K‡i †d‡j‡Q|

Ae‡k‡l ‡cvwk©qv DbœZZi gyj¨‡ev‡ai Rb¨ Av‡e`b Ki‡jb hv wKbv Avj-KyiÕAv‡bi wiev welqK Avqv‡Zi wØZxq av‡ci cÖ‡Póvi ai‡Yi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©| n‡Z cv‡i †m·cxqi KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡gi G welqwU m¤ú‡K© c‡o‡Qb Ges †mUv †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq wb‡ ©kbv wZwb MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|

‡cvwk©qv cÖ_‡gB ¯xKvi Ki‡jb †h FYwU Acwi‡kva‡hvM¨ n‡q c‡o‡Q Ges Pzw³ Abymv‡i kvBjK gvsmLÛ `vex Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gici wZwb kvBjK‡K `qv cÖ k©‡bi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡jb| wZwb Zvi g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y K‡i ej‡jb †h G›UwbIi eÜzgnj Zv‡K D³ F‡Yi Avm‡ji 20 ¸Y cwigvY A_© cÖ vb Ki‡Z cÖ ‘Z i‡q‡Qb| †cvwk©qvi GB gvbweK Av‡e`‡bi ciI kvBjK Zvi GKLÛ gvs‡mi `vex †_‡K GKUzI bo‡jv bv| †Kbbv kvBj‡Ki ü`q wQj cv_‡ii †P‡qI k³| KyiÕAvbyj gvwR‡` Bûw`‡`i cvlvY ü`q m¤ú‡K© ¯úó D‡j(L i‡q‡Q:

wKš‘ Giƒc wb`k©b †`Lvi c‡iI †Zvgv‡`i gb k³ n‡q wM‡q‡Q| cv_‡ii gZ k³ wKsev Zvi †P‡qI AwaKZi k³| †Kbbv †Kvb †Kvb cv_i GgbI nq †h Zv n‡Z SY©vaviv cÖevwnZ nq| †Kvb †KvbwU we`xY© n‡q Zv n‡Z Rjaviv DrmwiZ nq| Avevi †Kvb †KvbwU Avj;vn&i f‡q Kw¤úZ n‡q cwZZ nq| (2:74)|

wiev gvby‡li gbylZ¡, Av‡eM I gb‡K K‡Vvi K‡i †d‡j Ges ˆbwZKZv aŸsm K‡i †d‡j †m·wcq‡ii †jLv GB KvwnbxwU †_‡K Avgiv Zv Rvb‡Z cvwi| Bûw` kvBjK †h wQj my`‡Lvi gnvRb, Pzw³e‡j wba©vwiZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ cwi‡kv‡a AcivM e¨w³i

83

eyK †_‡K GK cvDÛ gvsm cvevi AwaKvi jvf K‡i| †h‡nZz Pzw³‡Z ïaygvÎ GK cvDÛ gvs‡mi K_vB D‡j(L wQj, †m‡nZz Zv‡K GK †duvUvI i³ Siv‡bv Qvov ïaygvÎ gvsm MÖnY Ges wbLuyZfv‡e GK cvDÛ gvsmB †ei K‡i †bevi AbygwZ †`qv nj| Zv‡K e‡j †`qv n‡jv hw` IR‡b Gi Kg‡ekx nq A_ev GK we›`y i³I S‡i Zvn‡j †m Zvi m¤úwËi meUvB nviv‡e|

‡jvfx kvBjK Dcvqš—i bv †`‡L Av‡Mi cÖ —ve Abyyhvqx g~ja‡bi 20 ¸b ch©š— A_© MÖn‡Y ivRx nq wKš‘ ZZ¶‡Y †m cÖ —v‡ei mgq cvi n‡q hvq d‡j kvBjK meUvB nviv‡jv|

Z‡e †m·wcqi iwPZ Lªxóvb G›UwbIi gnvbyfeZv I Lªxóa‡g©i Acvi ¶gv I Ki“Yvi Av`k©‡K cÖwZwôZ K‡i Zv †`Lvevi †cÖiYvq kvBjK ¶gvjvf K‡i, µxóa‡g© w`w¶Z n‡q †g‡q‡K Zvi B”Qvbyhvqx we‡q w`‡q Kvwnbxi mdj I my‡Li cwimgvwß Uvbv nq|

Ôgv‡P©›U Ad †fwbmÕ bvU‡K FY MÖnYKvixi Rb¨ GB myLKi cwiYwZ †m·wcqi wPwÎZ K‡iwQ‡jb, wKš‘ Zvi mv‡_ AvR‡Ki ev¯—e Rxe‡b FYMÖnYKvixi Rb¨ G ai‡bi my‡hvM jvf Kiv Lye KwVb| kvBjK Ges kvBjKiƒcx wek¦ A_©bxwZ gvby‡li gvbeZv‡K D‡c¶v K‡i Aejxjvq Zvi i³ gvsm‡K †kvlY K‡i P‡j‡Q| cÖavb kvBjK wn‡m‡e AvR‡Ki e¨vsK¸wj‡KB AwfwnZ Kiv hvq| [†h¸wj cÖvq meB Bûw` A_©vq‡b cyó| evsjv‡`k e¨vsK mn evsjv‡`‡ki mg¯— e¨vsK Bûw` cÖwZwôZ cwðgv e¨vswKs wbqgbxwZ‡ZB cwiPvwjZ|]

Gevi cybivq KyiÕAvb I wiev cÖm‡½ wd‡i Avmv hvK| KyiÕAv‡bi `„wó‡Z gnv Ávbx Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wiev‡K m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wbg~©j Ki‡Yi cÖwµqvq h‡_ó mgq cÖ vb K‡iwQ‡jb| A_©bxwZ‡Z wiev‡K m¤ú~Y©fv‡e eR©b Kivi cÖv°v‡j mvZ eQ‡ii mgq mxgv wn‡me Kiv nq †m mg‡qi g‡a¨ gvbyl hv‡Z gvbwmK fv‡e wiev ev my`‡K m¤ú~©Y©iƒ‡c eR©b Ki‡Z m¶g nq Avi G mg‡qi g‡a¨ cvIbv`vi‡K my` m¤ú~Y©fv‡e gIKzd Kivi K_vI †NvlYv Kiv nq| Ae‡k‡l GB cÖwµqviB cwic~Y© iƒc `vb K‡í gynv¤§` (m) wievi Aïf cÖfve I wievi ai‡bi K_v ej‡Z ïi“ K‡iwQ‡jb| hv cieZx© Aa¨v‡q we¯—vwiZfv‡e Av‡jvwPZ n‡e BbkvAvj(vn&|

KziAvwbK wewa Abyhvqx wiev wbwl×Ki‡Yi Z…Zxq avc Ges A_©‰bwZK Kg©KvÛ †_‡K wievÕi m¤ú~Y© we‡jvc mvab

84

GwU we‡klfv‡e D‡j(L¨ †h bex (m) `ywbqv †_‡K we`vq †bevi cÖvq wZbgvm c~‡e© `kg wnRix‡Z we`vq n‡¾ mg‡eZ wekvj Rbmfvq gymwjg RvwZ‡K ب_©nxb fvlvq wb‡ ©k w`‡qwQ‡jb wiev (my`) eR©b Kivi Rb¨| wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb:

Avwg Rvwbbv Gfv‡e (Avcbv‡`i) mevi mv‡_ Avevi K_v ejvi my‡hvM Avgvi n‡e wK bv|... `wi`ª‡K †kvlYKvix, A‰bwZKfv‡e, A‰eafv‡e m¤ú` e„w×Kvix wievi ms¯úk© Avcbviv Z¨vM Ki“b| GLb †_‡K wiev ev my` ev` w`‡q FY`vZvMY, †KejgvÎ g~jab †diZ wb‡eb| wiev ev my` ev` w`‡q ïaygvÎ g~jab †diZ wb‡j FY`vZvi †hgb †Kvbiƒc Avw_©K ¶wZ n‡e bv, Aciw`‡K my` gIKzd Kivq FYMÖnxZvi Dci †Kv‡bviƒc Avw_©K ¶wZ I FY cwi‡kv‡a evowZ Pvc co‡e bv| wiev gIKzd Ki‡j FYMÖnxZv‡K †kvlY Kivi gZ Pig ¸bv‡ni KvR †_‡K FY`vZv gy³ _vK‡eb| Dciš‘ wZwb (FY`vZv) Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi wbKU n‡Z we‡kl cÖwZ`vb cv‡eb Avw_©Kfv‡e wec`MÖ ’ e¨w³‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨| †R‡b ivLyb Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv wievwfwËK mKj cÖKvi A_©‰bwZK †jb‡`b wbwl× K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| AvR n‡Z Avwg (Avgvi PvPv) AveŸvm web Ave`yj;vn&i cvIbv mg¯— wiev evwZj †NvlYv KiwQ| ZvB wZwb †Kej Zvi g~jab †diZ wb‡eb|

BwZc~‡e© m~iv Av‡j Bgiv‡b wiev cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi wewa bvwhj n‡qwQj| GB e³‡e¨i gva¨‡g bex (m) wiev wbwl×Kvix wewa-e¨e ’vi ev¯—evqb NUv‡jb| Gfv‡e wiev wbwl× Ki‡Yi Z…Zxq Ges me©‡kl avc m¤úbœ nÕj|

we`vq n‡¾i gvm y‡qK ci wiev wbwl×Kvix me©‡kl AvqvZ bvwhj K‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wiev msµvš— mKj wewa wb‡la‡K cwic~Y©Zv `vb K‡ib Ges gymwjg‡`i mKj cÖKvi A_©‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Û meiKg my` ev wiev wbwl× †NvlYv K‡ib| my`x †jb‡`‡b my` ev mvwf©m PvR© Gi cwigvY (nvi) mvgvb¨ n‡jI Zv †_‡K weiZ _vKvI GB wb‡lavÁvi AvIZvfy³| Avj-KyiÕAv‡bi me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z GB AvqvZ KÕwUi gva¨‡g c~‡e©Kvi cvIbv me wiev (my`) gIKzd K‡i †`qvi †NvlYv Kiv nq| A_©vr Gi ci †_‡K (gymwjg) mgv‡R bZzb ev cyivZb (evKx) †Kv‡bv my` ev wiev Avi _vK‡jv bv| gymwjg‡`i Zv‡`i cvIbv g~jab †diZ wb‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ AZx‡Zi (c~‡e©Kvi cvIbv) me iKg my` (Zv hZ mvgvb¨B †nvK) A_ev mvwf©m PvR© m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c evwZj †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| FY MÖnxZv hw` `wi ª nq Ges FY cwi‡kv‡a (mwZ¨Kvifv‡e) AcviM nq, Z‡e FY`vZv‡K †hb Zvi cvIbv (g~jab) gvd K‡i †`q †m civgk© †`qv n‡q‡Q †Kbbv Gi cÖwZ`v‡b DËg cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q ¯qs Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K| ZrKvjxb mgv‡Ri A‡b‡K my`‡K e¨emvi gZB g‡b KiZ, wKš‘ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wiev (my`) Ges e¨emvi g‡a¨ mywbw`©ó cv_©K¨ wbw`©ó K‡i‡Qb cieZx© AvqvZ mg~‡n:

85

hviv Zv‡`i m¤úwË †_‡K cÖKv‡k¨ I †Mvc‡b gy³ nv‡Z e¨q K‡i `vwi`ª we‡gvP‡bi Rb¨ wbðq Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q DËg cyi¯‹vi Zv‡`i i‡ei c¶ †_‡K| Zv‡`i f‡qi †Kv‡bv KviY †bB| (m~iv Avj evKviv, 2:274)|

hviv wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’vq Rxebhvcb K‡i Zv‡`i Ae ’v Ggb n‡e †hb Zviv kqZv‡bi kqZvbxi cÖfv‡e Db¥v` n‡q wM‡q‡Q| KviY, Zviv e‡j e¨emv Z wieviB gZ| A_P, Avj;vn& e¨emv‡K K‡i‡Qb nvjvj Avi wiev‡K K‡i‡Qb nvivg| AZci hLb Zvi i‡ei c¶ †_‡K Zvi Kv‡Q Dc‡`k G‡m wM‡q‡Q, †m †hb wiev f¶Y eR©b K‡i| Z‡e c~‡e© hv wKQz (wiev †L‡q‡Q Zv †Zv †L‡qB †d‡j‡Q) n‡q‡Q †m e¨vcviwU Avj;vn&i DciB _vK‡e| Z‡e †h (wiev f¶‡Yi) cybive„wË Ki‡e, wbwðZB †m n‡e Rvnvbœv‡gi Awaevmx| †mLv‡b †m wPiKvj _vK‡e| Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv ewa©Z K‡i‡Qb mv`vKvi KvR‡K Avi Avj;vn& †Kvb Kvwdi ¸bvn&Mvi e¨w³‡K cQ›` K‡ib bv| (2:275-7)|

†n gyÕwgbMY †Zvgiv Avj;vn‡K fq Ki Ges †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q †h wiev evKx Av‡Q Zv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c Z¨vM Ki hw` †Zvgiv mwZ¨Kvi gyÕwgb nI| Avi hw` (wiev †Q‡o bv `vI) Zv bv Ki, Zvn‡j †R‡b ivL Avj;vn& Ges Zuvi imyj (m) wiev f¶YKvix‡`i wei“‡× wPi ’vqx hy× †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Avi hw` †Zvgiv ZvIev Ki Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡`i g~jab †Zvgv‡`iB cÖvc¨ (Zv Av`vq Kivi AwaKvi †Zvgv‡`i Av‡Q) Ges †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ †Kvb hyjyg Kiv n‡e bv| (2:279)|

Avi hw` FYMÖnxZv AfveMÖ ’ nq, Z‡e Zvi m”QjZv (mvg_© ) Avmv ch©š— (FY cwi‡kv‡ai) mgq †`‡e| Z‡e hw` †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i cvIbv (Afvex FYMÖ ’‡`i Rb¨ gIKzd) mv`vKv K‡i `vI Zv †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ AwZ DËg, †Zvgiv hw` Zv Rvb‡Z| (2:280)|

Avi †mw`‡bi jvÃbv I wec` †_‡K AvZ¥i¶v Ki †h w`b †Zvgiv Avj;vn&i Kv‡Q wd‡i hv‡e| †mLv‡b cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³‡K (Zvi Kg©dj) c~Y© gvÎvq †`qv n‡e hv †m AR©b K‡i‡Q Ges KL‡bv †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡iv cÖwZ hyjyg Kiv n‡e bv| (2:281)|

GLv‡b D‡j(L¨ †h Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv wiev wbwl× Ki‡Yi wel‡q me‡P‡q †ekx K‡Vvi fvlv e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| cÖv_wgKfv‡e G wel‡q gvbyl‡K mveavb Kivi †h AvqvZ, cieZx©‡Z Avj(vn&i I Zuvi †cÖwiZ bex (m) Gi Zid †_‡K G ai‡bi Kweiv ¸Yvn&‡Z wjß mK‡ji wei“‡× wPi ’vqx hy× †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| g~jZ wiev‡K nvivg †NvlYvq hZUv KwVb fvlv e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q Ab¨wKQz nvivg †NvlYv Kivi †ejvq ZZUv KwVb fvlv e¨envi Kiv nqwb|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv I Zuvi †cÖwiZ bex (m) Gi c¶ †_‡K †h hy× †NvwlZ n‡q‡Q Zv Aek¨B gyÕwgb‡`i Rb¨ weivU Zvrch© enb K‡i| GB †NvlYvi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z Zviv (gyÕwgbiv) wb‡Riv g‡b-cÖv‡Y wiev ev my`x Kg©KvÛ m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡e Ges wiev wfwËK e¨emv I Ab¨vb¨ mKj wiev wfwËK Kg©Kv‡Û RwoZ _vKvi fqven

86

cwiYvg †iv‡ai Rb¨ AvRxeb m‡Pó n‡e| wiev gy³ mgvR M‡o †Zvjvi cÖ‡Póvq cÖ_‡g mwVK wk¶v`v‡bi gva¨‡g gvbyl‡K ‡evSv‡Z n‡e Ges wiev‡K mvwe©Kfv‡e eqKU ev cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i wievi cÖwZ N„Yv cÖKvk Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z K‡i wievi MÖv‡m cwZZ †kvwlZ, wbM„nxZ mvaviY gvbyl AvcÖvY †Póv Pvjvq wiev †_‡K gyw³ cvIqvi Rb¨| †m‡¶‡Î ¯”Qj gyÕwgb‡`i `vwqZ¡ nÕj GB †kvwlZ, wbcxwoZ‡`i Rb¨ me©vZ¥K mnggx©Zv I mvnv‡h¨i nvZ evwo‡q †`qv| Avgv‡`i cig kª‡×q wk¶K gvIjvbv Wt gynv¤§` dRjyi ingvb Avbmvix (in) G wel‡q me© v mwVK ms¯‹vig~jK c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g GB cÖZviYvi duv` †_‡K †ei n‡q Avmvi civgk© w`‡Zb| G cÖm‡½ wZwb m~iv ûRyiv‡Z ewY©Z AvqvZwU D‡j(L Ki‡Zb:

gyÕwgb‡`i `Õy‡Uv `j hw` wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ hy‡× wjß nq, ZLb †Zvgiv Df‡qi g‡a¨ wggvsmv K‡i w`‡e, Zv‡`i GKwU `j hw` Av‡iK `‡ji Dci hyjyg K‡i, Zvn‡j †h `jwU hyjyg Ki‡Q, Zvi wei“‡×B †Zvgiv jovB Ki‡e hZ¶b ch©š— †m `jwU (cy‡ivcywi fv‡e) Avj;vn&i wePvi-dvqmvjvi w`‡K wd‡i bv Av‡m| hw` †m `jwU Avj;vn&i (AvB‡bi w`‡K) cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i ZLb †Zvgiv weev`gvb `j yÕ‡Uvi gv‡S b¨vq wePvi Ki‡e, †Kbbv Avj;vn& b¨vq wePviK‡`i fvjev‡mb| (49:9)|

nhiZ Cmv (Av), Bgvg Avj-gvn& x Ges wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’vi wejywß

GUv j¶bxq †h wiev wfwËK cuywRev`x A_©bxwZi Aek¨¤¢vex aŸsm m¤ú‡K© bex gynv¤§` (m) †h fwelØvYx K‡iwQ‡jb, Zv †h gyÕwgb‡`i Abyf~wZ‡Z ïaygvÎ Avkvi mÂvi K‡i‡Q Zv bq, eis wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’v wbg©~j Kivi Rb¨ kw³ I mvnm hywM‡q‡Q| bex (m) me©cÖ_‡g wbgœewY©Z nvw`‡m K…wÎg (KvMR, c(vw÷K Ges B‡jKUªwbK) gy ªvi wejywß m¤ú‡K© eY©bv K‡i‡Qb:

wgK`vg web gvÕw`Kvwie GK`v Avj(vn&i imyj (m) †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ‡jb: †mw`b Aek¨B Avm‡e †hw`b gvby‡li Kv‡Q ïaygvÎ w`bvi (¯Y©gy`ªv) I w`inv‡gi (†iŠc¨gy`ªvi) g~j¨ _vK‡e| (Avngv`)|

hw` cÖPzi cwigv‡Y Avmj gy`ªv evRvi `Lj K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e K…wÎg gy ªv c~‡e©vwj(wLZ NUbvi g‡ZvB (ev‡¯úi gZ) A „k¨ n‡q hv‡e| cÖK…Z c‡¶ Avmj A‡_©i cÖPjb n‡Z cv‡i ZLbB, hLb cÖPzi cwigvY wbqš¿Y ewnf©~Z ¯‡Y©i fvÛvi Avwe¯‹vi nq Ges Zv AwbwqwgZ fv‡e A_©vr evRv‡ii w ’wZkxjZv‡K bó Kivi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq, Z‡e Kv¸‡R gy`ªv AKvh©Ki n‡q hv‡e| imyjyj(vn& (m) GB NUbv‡K we¯—vwiZfv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|

87

Avey ûivBiv (iv) e‡j‡Qb, Avwg imyj (m)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ: †dvivZ b`xi AeevwnKv AwP‡iB †mvbvq f‡i hv‡e, wKš‘ †m GjvKvi Awaevmxiv Zv †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|(mnxn eyLvix I gymwjg)|

DevB web Kve (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: kxNÖB †dvivZ b`x n‡Z Zvi ga¨w ’Z ¯‡b©i cvnvo †ei n‡q Avm‡e| G K_v †kvbvgvÎ †jvKRb †mw`‡K QzU‡Z ïi“ Ki‡e| GB ¯Y© wb‡q Zviv ci¯úi hy‡× Rwo‡q co‡e Ges G hy‡× GKk R‡bi g‡a¨ wbivbeŸB RbB wbnZ n‡e Ges GB NUbvi ciB wKqvgvZ msNwUZ n‡e| (mnxn gymwjg 7:7012)|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, wZwb imyj (m)-†K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb: GKmgq hgxb (f~-Mf©) wekvj AvKv‡ii KwjRvi UzKiv m`„k †mvbv I iƒcv D˜MxiY Ki‡e| (mnxn gymwjg)|

wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’v (my` wfwËK Kg©KvÛB) Ggb †h Zv Avcwb‡Z A_© e¨e ’vq `ybx©wZ †W‡K Av‡b Ges †mB `ybx©wZ‡K jvjb-cvjb K‡i| hvi d‡j mgv‡Ri wKQz `ybx©wZevR †jvK Qvov Ab¨ mevB ¶wZMÖ ’ nq Ges †kvwlZ I wbcxwoZ nq| G cÖm‡½ Be&‡b gvmD` (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: wiev ev my`x Kg©KvÛ GZ e¨vcK fv‡e Qwo‡q co‡e †h (mvaviY) gvby‡li g‡a¨ A_©vfve †`Lv w`‡e (gvby‡li A_© m¤ú` Ggwbfv‡e dzwi‡q hv‡e †h †m Pig `vwi‡ ª cwZZ n‡e| (Be&‡b gvRvn&, evqnvKx, Avn&gv`)|

[G cÖm‡½ GKUv ev¯—e D`vniY,

Avgv‡`i GK eÜz I Zvi ¯¿x hLb Zv‡`i cÖ_g mš—v‡bi AvMgb Dcj‡¶ m¤¢ve¨ LiP eve` 1990 m‡b cÖwZ gv‡m Pvi nvRvi evsjv‡`kx UvKv K‡i Rgv‡bvi wm×vš— †bb| my`x e¨e ’vi e¨vswKs Gi g‡a¨ Rov‡eb bv †f‡e cÖwZ gv‡m Rgv‡bv UvKv e¨vs‡K bv †i‡L Zviv N‡ii g‡a¨ Avjgvix‡Z Mw”QZ ivL‡Zb| AvUgvm ci Zv‡`i 32,000 UvKv mÂq nq| mš—v‡bi Rb¨ mwÂZ †mB 32,000 UvKv LiP bv K‡i Zviv GKwU Lv‡g f‡i †i‡L †`b| wkïwUi 15 eQi eq‡m †mB 32,000 evsjv‡`kx UvKv GL‡bv Avjvgvix‡Z Av‡Q| evsjv‡`kx UvKvi µgvMZ Aeg~j¨vqb n‡Z †`‡L Zviv gvwK©b Wjvi wK‡b ivLvi K_v fve‡jb| wKš‘ ytLRbK n‡jI mwZ¨, †h UvKvq Zviv 15 eQi Av‡M (1990 mv‡j) 1000 gvwK©b Wjvi wKb‡Z cvi‡Zb eZ©gv‡b †m UvKvq gvÎ 500 gvwK©b Wjvi †Kbv m¤¢e| Avjgvix‡Z †_‡KB Zv‡`i UvKv ev‡¯úi gZ D‡o wM‡q A‡a©K n‡q †Mj| Gfv‡e N‡i wbivc` ’v‡b ivLvi ciI Zv‡`i A‡a©K UvKv jywÚZ nÕj mevi ARv‡š—| Zv‡`i GB 500 Wjvi cwigvb UvKv †K jyÚb Kij, wKfv‡e jyÚb Kij? GB jyÚ‡bi g~j KviY nÕj wiev wfwËK wek¦ A_©

88

e¨e ’v| imyj (m) Gi fwelØvYx Gfv‡eB ev¯—e iƒ‡c cÖKvwkZ n‡e hLb Kv¸‡R UvKvi g~j¨ _vK‡e bv|

Aci GK eÜz gvm Q‡qK Av‡M Awd‡mi Kv‡R w`j(x wM‡qwQ‡jb| †nv‡U‡ji wej cwi‡kv‡ai mgq wn‡m‡e fyj K‡i wZwb 100 gvwK©b Wjv‡ii cwie‡Z© 200 gvwK©b Wjvi cwieZ©b K‡i cÖwZ Wjv‡i 44 fviZxq i“cx cvb| we‡K‡j wdiwZ c‡_ w`j(x Gqvi‡cv‡U© G‡m †`‡Lb Zuvi Kv‡Q 4700 BwÛqvb i“cx i‡q wM‡q‡Q| iƒcxi cwie‡Z© wZwb Avevi gvwK©b Wjvi wb‡Z †Póv Ki‡jb, KviY Awdm Zuvi Kv‡Q gvwK©b Wjvi †diZ PvB‡e| i“cx e`jv‡Z wM‡q wZwb gnv wecv‡K co‡jb| KviY wZwb †`L‡jb fviZxq 47 i“cxi cwie‡Z© 1 gvwK©b Wjvi cvIqv hv‡e| †mB mv‡_ wewbgq PvR© wn‡m‡e Zuv‡K Av‡iv 100 i“cx AwZwi³ w`‡Z n‡e| 4700 i“cx‡Z wZwb mKvj 10Uv †_‡K we‡Kj 4Uv GB 6 N›Uv mg‡qi e¨eav‡b Zv‡K 400 BwÛqvb i“cx nviv‡Z nj| GUvB n‡jv AvBb wm× Pzwi ev legalised theft? hvi Aci bvg wiev|]

wek¦e¨vcx mvaviY wbixn gvbyl Gfv‡eB AvBb wm× Pzwi Ges Av‡iv wewfbœfv‡e wievi †eovRv‡j AvU‡K c‡o‡Q| d‡j mvaviY gvbyl ¶wZMÖ ’ n‡”Q Ges Zv‡`i KóvwR©Z A_© m¤ú` nviv‡”Q cuywRev`x wiev-wfwËK A_© e¨e ’vi Kv‡Q| Z‡e Avkvi evYx n‡jv imyj (m) fwelØvYx K‡i wM‡q‡Qb †h, GKUv mgq Avm‡e hLb GB wiev wfwËK A_© e¨e ’v aŸsm n‡q hv‡e Ges mvaviY wbixn gvby‡li nv‡Z m¤ú` wd‡i Avm‡e|

Avey mvC` Avj Ly`ix (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: Bgvg gvn&`x (in) Gi Avwef©v‡ei ci gvbyl Zuvi Kv‡Q G‡m mvnvh¨ PvB‡e| ZLb wZwb (Bgvg gvn&`x) mvnvh¨cÖv_x©‡K hZUzKz enb Ki‡Z cvi‡e ZZUzKz m¤ú` Zvi AvuP‡j †X‡j w`‡eb|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) imyj (m) †K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb: hZw`b bv cÖvPzh© Ges Dc‡P cov m¤ú‡`i AvMgb NU‡e ZZw`b wK¡qvgvZ NU‡e bv| Ggb mgq Avm‡e hLb gvbyl hvKv‡Zi A_© wb‡q Nyi‡Z _vK‡e wKš‘ hvKvZ MÖnYKvix KvD‡KB Luy‡R cvIqv hv‡e bv| (mnxn gymwjg)|

Rvexi (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: wK¡qvgv‡Zi c~‡e© Ggb GKRb Lwjdv Avwef©yZ n‡eb whwb webv wn‡m‡e m¤ú` weZiY Ki‡Z _vK‡eb| (mnxn gymwjg, 7:7051)|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) Av‡iv eY©bv K‡ib, imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: †h mZ¡vi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb, †mB mZ¡vi Kmg, gvwiqv‡gi cyÎ Cmv (Av) GKRb b¨vq wePviK wn‡m‡e †Zvgv‡`i gv‡S AvMgb Ki‡eb| wZwb µzk †f‡½ †dj‡eb (Lªxó a‡g©i Aemvb NUv‡eb), ïKi¸wj‡K nZ¨v Ki‡eb (Bûw` a‡g©i Aemvb NUv‡eb) Ges wRwhqv we‡jvc Ki‡eb| Avi ZLb wnsmv, we‡Øl, cvi¯úwiK N„Yvi Aemvb NU‡e|

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Zvici wZwb Ggbfv‡e m¤ú` weZiY Ki‡Z _vK‡eb †h, Zv‡Z mK‡ji Pvwn`v c~iY n‡q hv‡e Ges mv`vKv MÖnY Kivi gZ †KD Aewkó _vK‡e bv| ZLb ywbqv Ges Zvi mKj m¤ú‡`i †P‡q GKwU gvÎ wmR`vB DËg n‡e| (mnxn eyLvix 4:2076, c„: 102 I gymwjg)|

Bgvg gvn& x (Av) Gi Avwef©v‡ei Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨ cÖK…Z gvmxn nhiZ Cmv (Av) AeZiY Ki‡eb| wZwb fÛ gvmxn `v¾v‡ji wei“‡× Bgvg gvn& x‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb Ges `v¾vj‡K nZ¨v Ki‡eb| AZci BqvRyR I gvÕRy‡Ri me©‡kl (ms¯‹i‡Yi) cZbI Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi B”Qvq m¤úbœ n‡e|

G cÖm‡½ Be&‡b AveŸvm (iv) Gi wiev Ges `v¾vj m¤úwK©Z gš—e¨wU D‡j(L¨| wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, cÖv_wgKfv‡e †h mËi nvRvi `v¾v‡ji Abymvix n‡e Zviv mK‡jB Bûw`, Zviv mK‡jB _vK‡e wievq Avm³| cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wiev ev my`wfwËK A_©bxwZi e¨vcK cÖmviB `v¾v‡ji cÖ_g ms¯‹iY Avwef©v‡ei m~Pbv wb‡ ©k K‡i|

`v¾v‡ji g„„Zz¨ I Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi AwfcÖv‡q BqvRyR gvÕRy‡Ri cZb bvw¯—K `ywbqvi Aemvb NUv‡e| Bgvg Avj-gvn& x I nhiZ Cmv (Av) Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ cÖwZwôZ Bmjv‡gi weR‡q my`wbf©i kqZvwb mvgªvR¨ Lvb Lvb n‡q †f‡½ co‡e| †mUvB nqZ m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wiev wbg~©‡ji †kl avc Ges mKj wel‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvB fvj Rv‡bb|

‡kl hvgvbvq BqvRyR-gvÕRyR Ges `v¾v‡ji Ackw³i cwimgvwß, Bmjv‡gi cbi“Ìvb Ges cwi‡k‡l wK¡qvgvZ meB ch©vqµ‡g NU‡e| Aek¨B hviv GB `yó P‡µi mgq Rxeb AwZevwnZ Ki‡eb, Zv‡`i‡K wiev wfwËK A_©e¨e ’vi gyKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges aŸsmvZ¥K wievi gvqvRvj wQbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e wiev e¨e ’v †_‡K AvZ¥i¶v K‡i Lye Aí msL¨K †jvKB Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

Avey mvB` (iv) n‡Z ewb©Z, imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv ej‡eb, Ô‡n Av`gÕ| Av`g (Av) ej‡eb, ÔjveŸvBK Iqv m`vBK (Avcbvi Wv‡K Avwg nvwRi, †n Avgvi ie, Avcbvi Av‡`k cvj‡b Avwg m`v cÖ ‘Z) Iqvj Lv‡qi dx Bqv`vû (mKj Kj¨vY Avcbvi `yÕnv‡Z)Õ| ZLb Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv ej‡eb, ÔRvnvbœvgx‡`i DwV‡q Avb|Õ ZLb Av`g (Av) ej‡eb, ÔKZRb Rvnvbœvgx?Õ DËi †`qv n‡e, ÔcÖwZ nvRvi †jvK n‡Z bqkZ wbivbeŸB RbB RvnvbœvgxÕ| wkïiv ZLb iƒcvš—wiZ n‡e mv`v PzjIqvjv e„× eq‡m| Avi cÖ‡Z¨K Mf©eZxi Mf©cvZ n‡q hv‡e| Avi †`L‡e †jv‡Kiv g`¨cvb bv K‡iB †bkvMÖ ’ gvZv‡ji gZ w`‡knviv n‡q Ny‡i †eov‡”Q Ges †R‡b ivL, Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi Avhve (kvw¯—) AZ¨š— KwVb|Õ GK_v ï‡b mvnvexMY AZ¨š— kswKZ n‡jb Ges ej‡jb, Bqv imyjyj;vn& (m) ÒAvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †K †mB cig ZvK`x‡ii AwaKvix (nvRv‡i GKRb) whwb Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b †_‡K i¶v cv‡eb?Ó imyjyj;vn& (m) ej‡jb, Òmymsev` nÕj †h bqkZ wbivbeŸB Rb n‡e BqvRyR-gvÕRyR n‡Z Avi GKRb (†h bvRvZ cv‡e, †m) n‡e †Zvgv‡`i gyÕwgb‡`i

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ga¨ †_‡K|Ó imyjyj;vn& (m) Av‡iv e‡jb, Ò‡mB mZ¡vi Kmg, huvi nv‡Z Avgvi cÖvY, Avwg AvkvKwi mKj RvbœvZx‡`i g‡a¨ A‡a©K n‡e †Zvgv‡`i (D¤§‡Z †gvnv¤§v`x‡`i) ga¨ †_‡KÓ| Kvwdi‡`i gv‡S †Zvgv‡`i D`vniY n‡jv Kv‡jv lv‡oi Mv‡q GKUzKiv D¾¡j mv`v †jvg A_ev Mvavi cv‡qi †jvgnxb GKwU †MvjvKvi wPý| (eyLvix)|

NOTES OF CHAPTER THREE

1. Muhammad Asad, ‘The Message of the Qur`an’. Darul Andalus. Gibraltar, 1980. p. 622.

2. Ibid. fn. 35 to verse 30:39

3. Ibid.

4. For a detailed statement by Asad in which he defines and describes riba, see the quotation of his which we have used as the foreword of this book.

5. Abul ‘Ala Maududi, ‘The Meaning of the Qur’an’. Islamic Publications Ltd. Lahore. 11th. Edition. 1994. Vol. 3 p. 209.

6. Ibid. Vol. 3 p. 216. fn. 59 to verse 30:39

7. Abdul Majid Daryabadi, ‘The Holy Qur’an’. with English Translation and Commentary’. Taj Company, Karachi, 1st. Edition, 1971. Vol. 2 p. 399

8.Ibid. p. 399-A fns. 187-90

9. There is an interesting work by Stephen Passameneck, ‘Insurance in Rabbinic Law’ in which he explores Jewish religious response to insurance in the context of the prohibition of riba. Edinburgh Univ. Press, 1974. We have not, ourselves, made an adequate study of the subject of insurance in the light of the shari’ah, and, as a consequence, we are not as yet able to evaluate its legal status (in Islam) in a definitive way.

10. Aad comments as follows: “The subject of the usury connects logically with ....the subject of charity because the former is morally the exact opposite of the latter: true charity

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consists in giving without an expectation of material gain, whereas usury is based on an expectation of gain without any corresponding effort on the part of the lender.”

11. W. Gunther Plaut ed., ‘Modern Commentary on the Torah’. Union of American Hebrew Congregations. New York. 1981.

12. Ibid. p. 1501

13. Ibid. p. 1501

14. Imam al-Bakhari, Sahih..Bk. 60 Ch. 8

15. Muhammad Haykal, ‘The Life of Muhammad’, trans. by Isma’il Faruqi. American Trust Publications 1976. p. 486

16. F.R. Ansari, ‘The Qur’anic Foundations and Structure of Muslim Society’. World Federation of Islamic Missions, Karachi, 1973. Vol. 2 p. 372

17. Ibid.

18. Ibid.

92

PZz_© Aa¨vq: nv`x‡m wiev ev my` wbwl×KiY

wiev m¤ú‡K© bex Kvixg (m) Gi K‡Vvi evYx

gymwjg D¤§vn I mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi Dci wievÕi gvivZ¥K ¶wZ I aŸsmvZ¥K cÖfve m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z wM‡q wcÖqbex (m) m¤¢eZ Zvi GB K‡VviZg Dw³ cÖ‡qvM K‡iwQ‡jb|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: wievi (my‡`i) ¸bv‡n mËi fv‡Mi ¶z`ªZg fvM GB cwigvY †h, †Kvb e¨w³ Zvi gv‡K we‡q K‡i (Ges †hŠb m‡¤¢vM K‡i)| (Be&‡b gvRvn&, evBnvKx)|

(†jLK wKQz †jvK‡K †P‡bb hviv my`x Kg©Kv‡Ûi gva¨‡g A‡Xj m¤ú` mÂq K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ GB nv`x‡mi K‡Vvi evYx Zv‡`i Aš—i‡K we›`ygvÎ Av‡jvwoZ K‡iwb eis GB Dw³ Zv‡`i ivM I Am‡š—vlB e„w× K‡i‡Q|)|

Ave`yj(vn web nvb&hvjv (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: wievi gvÎ GKwU w`invg ev †iŠc¨gy`ªvI (GKwU cqmvI) hw` †KD †R‡bï‡b Lvq, Z‡e Zv QwÎkevi whbv Kiv A‡c¶v †ekx RNb¨| (Avngv`)|

evqnvKx web AveŸvm (iv) n‡Z eY©bv K‡i‡Qb: †h e¨w³i †`‡ni †Mvk&Z nvivg gv‡j cyó, Zvi Rb¨ RvnvbœvgB mePvB‡Z Dchy³ ’vb|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, Avwg imyjyj(vn& (m) †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ: wgiv‡Ri iv‡Z Avwg Ggb KZ¸wj †jv‡Ki cvk¦© w`‡q G‡mwQjvg, hv‡`i †cU wQj GKwU wekvj N‡ii gZ, Avi †m †cU¸wj wQj mv‡c ficyi, hv evB‡i †_‡KB ¯úó †`Lv hvw”Qj| AZci Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg †n wReªxj (Av) Giv Kviv? wZwb ej‡jb, Giv n‡jv my`‡Lvi| (Avngv`, Be&‡b gvRvn&)|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) Av‡iv eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Pvi (ai‡bi) e¨w³‡K Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡e‡ki AbygwZ w`‡eb bvÑ g`¨cv‡b †bkvMÖ ’ e¨w³, wiev ev my`‡Lvi e¨w³, Ab¨vqfv‡e BqvZx‡gi m¤ú` f¶YKvix Ges wcZvgvZvi Aeva¨ I Zv‡`i cÖwZ Ag‡bv‡hvMx e¨w³| (gymZv`ivK Avj-nvKxg, wKZveyj-eyqyÔ)|

mvgyiv web hyb ye (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, imyjyj(vn (m) e‡j‡Qb: AvR iv‡Z Avwg ¯‡cœ †`Ljvg †h, yÕe¨w³ G‡m Avgv‡K GK cweÎ f~wg‡Z wb‡q †Mj| Avgiv †h‡Z †h‡Z GK i‡³i b`xi Kv‡Q †cŠuQjvg| b`xi gvSLv‡b GK e¨w³ `uvwo‡q Av‡Q Ges AciRb b`xi Zx‡i, Zvi mvg‡b cv_i c‡o i‡q‡Q| b`xi gvSLv‡bi †jvKwU hLb

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wd‡i Avm‡Z Pvq, ZLb Zx‡ii †jvKwU Zvi gy‡L cv_i LÛ wb‡¶c K‡i Zv‡K cybivq b`xi gvSLv‡b wdwi‡q †`q| Gfv‡e hZevi †m †ewi‡q Avm‡Z Pvq ZZeviB Zvi gy‡L cv_i Qz‡o gv‡i, Avi †m ¯ ’v‡b wd‡i hvq| Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg, GB †jvKwU †K? wZwb ej‡jb hv‡K i‡³i b`x‡Z †`L‡jb †m n‡jv GKRb wiev‡Lvi (Gfv‡eB Zvi kvw¯— wPiKvj Pj‡Z _vK‡e)| (mnxn eyLvix, 4:1950 c„:27)|

G cÖm‡½ GKwU NUbv eY©bv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i hv wgk‡ii GKwU mgvwa‡¶‡Î mˇii †klfv‡M N‡UwQj Ges wgkixq †kL gviûg Avãyj nvwg` wK¯‹ Rbmg‡¶ †m NUbvi eqvb we¯—vwiZfv‡e †ck K‡iwQ‡jb, Aek¨ cieZx©‡Z wgk‡ii miKvi Zv‡K NUbv cÖKv‡k wbj©¾fv‡e evav †`q Ges Pzc _vK‡Z eva¨ K‡i| NUbvwU n‡jv-

GKRb wgkixq Kei LbbKvix †h me mgq Kei Lyu‡o ivLZ bv| gv‡S gv‡S GKwU cvZvj KzVyix‡Z †Luvov Ke‡i g„Z jvk Rgv K‡i ivLZ| †m mgq wgk‡i G ai‡bi mgvwa ’KiY cÖwµqv Aby‡gvw`Z wQj| cvZvj KzVyix‡Z jvk ivLvi ci cieZx© jvk bv Avmv ch©š— †m KzVyixi `iRv eÜ ivLv n‡Zv|

†kL wK¯‹ Gi eY©bvbyhvqx GKRb Kei LbbKvix GKwU g„Z‡`n ivLvi Rb¨ cÖ ‘wZ wn‡m‡e KzVyixi `iRv Ly‡j KzVyixi wfZi fq¼i KZ¸wj mvc †`‡L f‡q ZvovZvwo Zv eÜ K‡i cvjvj| G ai‡bi AviI wKQz cvZvj KzVyix wQj| †m GKUz mvnm mÂq K‡i cieZx©‡Z Avi GKwU KzVyixi `iRv Ly‡j †`L‡jv †mLv‡bI cÖPzi mvc i‡q‡Q| myZivs AveviI †m cÖPÛ fq †c‡q †`Š‡o cvjvj, Z‡e †h‡nZz GUvB Zvi RxweKv AR©‡bi GKgvÎ Dcvq, ZvQvov Zvi nv‡Z mgqI †ekx wQj bv| †m wbiƒcvq n‡q B”Qvi wei“‡×B wb‡R‡K †Rvi K‡i †ckvMZ Kv‡R wdwi‡q Avbj| Gfv‡e Z…Zxq cÖ‡Kvô Ly‡j GKB „k¨ †`Lvi ci, Zvi fq Gevi cÖPÛ iv‡M cwiYZ n‡jv| †mB mvc¸wji D‡Ï‡k¨ †m e‡j DV‡jv, Ô†Zvgiv Avgv‡K Avgvi KvR Ki‡Z `vI, Avgv‡K jvk `vdb Ki‡Z `vI|Õ mvc¸wj Zvi K_v eyS‡Z †c‡i `ª“Z †mLvb †_‡K P‡j hvevi ci jvk `vdb Kiv n‡jv, wKš‘ `vd‡bi KvR †kl Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_B mvc¸wj `iRv eÜ Kivi Av‡MB ZvovZvwo †mLv‡b Xy‡K co‡jv| wd‡i Avmvi mgq Kei LbbKvix mvc¸wj‡K g„Z e¨w³i Dci AvQ‡o cov, †Qvej gviv Ges nvo Kogo K‡i wPev‡bvi AvIqvR ïb‡Z †cj|

G ai‡Yi fq¼i NUbvi wbðqB †Kvb KviY I Zvi e¨vL¨v Av‡Q GB †f‡e Kei LbbKvix e¨w³ g„Z e¨w³ I Zvi cwievi m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi †KŠZznj n‡jv| †jvKwU †LuvR wb‡q Rvb‡Z cvij, g„Z e¨w³ wQj GKRb my`x gnvRb| UvKv avi †`evi wewbg‡q my` wb‡q †m Zvi abivwR cywÄf~Z K‡i nvivg Dcv‡q wb‡Ri ZvK`xi wdwi‡q wb‡qwQj! G Kvi‡YB Rvnvbœvg †_‡K AvMZ mc©Kyj Avj(vn ZvÔAvjvi

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wb‡ ©‡k Zvi Ke‡i kvw¯— cÖ vb Kivi Rb¨ Ae ’vb KiwQj| GB Kvwnbx n‡Z †evSv hvq Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi kvw¯— KZB bv fq¼i!

wiev m¤ú‡K© bex (m) Gi †_‡K DׄZ nv`x‡mi gva¨‡g my¯úófv‡eB wiev m„ó Pig AwePv‡ii wei“‡× †µv‡ai ZxeªZv †evSv hvq| Avi ZvB Gi †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ GZ ZvwK` †`qv n‡q‡Q|

ïay ZvB bq, ei hviv GB wbwl× wievi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ Zv‡`i cÖwZ Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv I Zuvi †cÖixZ imyj (m) Gi Zid †_‡K AZ¨š— `„pZvi mv‡_ hy× †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wb‡gœv³ nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Zv Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvwi|

Rvwei web Ave`yj(vn (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb: Avwg imyjyj;vn& (m) ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, hw` †KD gyLvevivn cwiZ¨vM bv K‡i, Zvn‡j †m †hb ï‡b iv‡L Avj;vn& Ges imyj (m) Gi c¶ †_‡K hy‡×i †NvlYvÕ, hvB` web mvweZ (iv) ej‡jb, Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg, gyLvevivn wK? wZwb ej‡jb, Ò†Zvgiv †h A‡a©K, GK Z…Zxqvsk, GK PZz_©vsk dm‡ji k‡Z©i wewbg‡q Rwg Pvl KivIÓ| (Avey `vD`)| (G ai‡bi BRviv Pzw³i ev eM©vPv‡li ¶wZKi w`K n‡jv, GUv cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g kªg‡K `vm‡Z¡i k„sL‡j Ave× Kivi w`‡K †U‡b wb‡q hvq)|

c~‡e© Dc ’vwcZ Dcgv I nv`xm¸wj c‡o wiev‡Z wb‡qvwRZ _vKvi fqven wefxwlKv m¤ú‡K© cvVK‡`i †PvL Ly‡j hvIqvi K_v| wiev ev my`x †jb‡`b gvbyl‡K µgk `vm‡Z¡i w`‡K †U‡b wb‡q hvq| †ekxifvM mgqB †`Lv hvq A‡bK gvwj‡Ki Pvl‡hvM¨ Rwg‡Z ïay Mv‡q LvUvi Rb¨ m¯—vq K…lK wb‡qvM Kiv nq| G ai‡bi e¨e ’v‡K gyLvevivn ejv nq| GB c×wZi e‡`Šj‡Z GKRb Pvlxi Rxe‡b ’vqx `vwi`ª †b‡g Av‡m Ges Zvi wbR¯ †Kvb Rwg _vK‡e GK_v †m wPš—vB Ki‡Z cv‡ibv Ges GUvB wiev| hv gvbyl‡K Pig `vm‡Z¡i w`‡K †V‡j †`q| mwZ¨Kvi gymwjg †`‡k G ai‡bi cÖ_v †Kvbµ‡gB _vKv DwPZ bq Ges ev¯—weK †¶‡Î cÖ‡qvRb n‡j K…wlRwgi Dci f~¯vgx‡`i ¯Ë¡vwaKvi †Rvic~e©K n‡jI †K‡o wb‡Z n‡e Ges e`‡j w`‡Z n‡e GmKj KzKxwZ© I KzcÖ_v‡K|

bex (m) Gi e³e¨ I evYx †_‡K GK_vB cÖgvwYZ nq †h wZwb wbwl× †NvwlZ wiev m¤ú‡K© AZ¨waK ¸i“Z¡ w`‡q‡Qb Ges G †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| wiev gymwjg D¤§vni Rb¨ Pig ¶wZKi, hv eZ©gv‡b Avgiv cÖZ¨¶ KiwQ e ‘Z wki&K ev‡` Ab¨vb¨ fqven welq¸wj wievi ¸bvn&i Zzjbvq Zz”Q e‡jB g‡b nq|

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bex Kvixg (m) I wievi wewfbœ iƒc e¨vcK A‡_© hw`I my`x FY Ges my`x †jb‡`b RwbZ †h‡Kvb my‡`i Kvievi‡KB wiev e‡j KyiÕAvb gvRx‡` wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Z_vwc G m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ e¨vL¨v I weei‡Yi fvi bex Kvwig (m) DciB †Q‡o †`qv n‡qwQj| cÖKviv‡š— wievi `vqfvi Kv‡`i‡K enb Ki‡Z n‡e †m wel‡q Rvwei (iv) ewY©Z nv`xmwUB eo cÖgvYt-

imyj (m) jvÕbvZ ev Awfkvc w`‡q‡Qb: wiev ev my` MÖnYKvix, wiev cÖ`vbKvix, wiev (my`) †jLK Ges wievi mv¶¨`vbKvix ؇qi cÖwZ Ges e‡j‡Qb Giv mevB mgvb ¸bvn&Mvi| (mnxn gymwjg, 4:3948, c„:525)|

G ai‡bi GKB e¨vL¨v m¤wjZ Avey RynvBdv (iv) KZ…©K ewY©Z AviI GKwU nv`xm cvIqv hvq-

wZwb e‡jb imyjyj(vn& (m) GK gwnjv‡K jvÕbvZ K‡i‡Qb, †Kbbv †m A‡b¨i †`‡n DjwK `vMv‡Zv Ges wb‡Ri †`‡n `vM w`Z| ZvQvov imyj (m) KzKz‡ii g~j¨ Ges i‡³i g~j¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| wZwb wiev LvIqv (MÖnY) I LvIqv‡bv (cÖ vb) wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Av‡iv wb‡la K‡i‡Qb (cÖvYxi) Qwe AsKbKvixi Dci| (mnxn eyLvix, 4:1951, c„: 28)|

Avey gvmD` Avbmvix (iv) Gi eY©bvq bex (m) e‡j‡Qb: KzKz‡ii g~j¨, e¨vwfPvwiwbi e¨wfPvi Øviv DcvwR©Z A_© Ges MY‡Ki MYbv Øviv DcvwR©Z A_© nvivg| (mnxn gymwjg, 4:3864, c„:498)|

[AvBkv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb: Avey eKi (iv) Gi GKwU †Mvjvg wQj| Ò†m Zuvi Rb¨ †ivRMvi Ki‡Zv GB DcvR©b wZwb †L‡Zb| GK`v †m †Mvjvg, Avey eKi (iv) †K wKQz Lvevi LvIqv‡jb hv wQj Zvi MYbvi DcvwR©Z A_© w`‡q µq Kiv| GK_v ïbvgvÎ AveyeKi (iv) Zuvi Mjvi †fZ‡i Av½yj XywK‡q †c‡Ui mgy`q e ‘ ewg K‡i †d‡j w`‡jb| (†gkKvZ, 6:2666, c„:10)|]

cÖwZeviB hLb GKRb gymwjg evox, Mvox, dvwb©Pvi BZ¨vw` †Kbvi Rb¨ e¨vsK n‡Z M„nxZ my`x F‡Yi wKw¯— †kva Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ †PK wj‡Lb ev UvKv Rgv †`b, ZLb Zvi mveavb nIqv DwPr †h wZwb wievi aŸsmvZ¥K Avwj½‡b Rwo‡q Av‡Qb| Avi GB wievi mv‡_ mswk(ó mKj e¨w³ I `j‡K Avj(vn&i imyj (m) Awfkvc w`‡q‡Qb| myZivs wZwbI imyj (m) KZ…©K Awfkß `‡jiB GKRb|

†Kvb gymwjg my`hy³ FY Øviv hZevi hZ wKQzB K‡i †m wievq wb‡qvwRZ nq Ges ¸bvn&i †evSv enb K‡i P‡j| wZwb hw` ZvIev bv K‡ib Ges wiev n‡Z AvZ¥i¶vi m¤¢ve¨ mKj cÖ‡Póv e¨ZxZ Bwš—Kvj K‡ib, Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸bB n‡Z cv‡i Zvi Awš—g cwiYwZ!

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Avey ûivBiv (iv) ewY©Z, wZwb e‡j‡Qb: Avwg imyj (m) †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ wievi †MvYv‡ni mËiwU iƒc ev cÖKvi‡f` i‡q‡Q| GB mËi iƒ‡ci ¸bvni ¶z`ªZg ¸bvn& n‡jv wb‡Ri gv‡K we‡q Kiv (wb‡Ri gv‡qi mv‡_ ˆ`wnK m¤úK© ’vc‡bi gZ N„Y¨ KvR‡K Dc ’vcb Ki‡Z G wQj imyj (m) Gi f‡`ªvwPZ I gvwR©Z fvlv Avmj K_v nj GB ¸bvn gv‡qi mv‡_ e¨wfPv‡ii mgvb)| (mybvb Be&‡b gvRvn&)|

cÖK…Zc‡¶ GB mËi cÖKvi wievi AwaKvskB nq‡Zv AvR we`¨gvb|

¯vfvweKfv‡eB eZ©gvb Bmjvwg AvÕjxg I ¯‹jviM‡Yi Dci †h `vwqZ¡ G‡m hvq Zv n‡jv wewfbœ wievi iƒc M‡elYv I AbymÜvb K‡i †`Lv Ges nv`x‡mi eY©bvi mv‡_ eZ©gvb A_©‰bwZK †jb‡`‡b wK ai‡bi wievi Dcw ’wZ i‡q‡Q Zv Zz‡j aiv| hv Avgv‡`i imyj (m) Gi mgq AcÖKvwkZ †_‡K †M‡Q| A_ev GgbI n‡Z cv‡i, †m hy‡M †m mKj j¶Y ev wPýmg~n cÖKv‡ki cÖK…Z mgq wQj bv, Avi _vK‡jI Zv myß Ae ’vq wQj hv mg‡qi †cÖ¶vcU I ev¯—eZvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cwiùzU n‡q P‡j‡Q| we‡kl K‡i Ggb mgq †h mgq BqvRyR, gvÕRyR Ges fÛ Avj gvwmn Avj `v¾vj Zv‡`i Aïf kw³ I gvqvRvj we¯—v‡i mwµq n‡q P‡j‡Q| G wel‡q gynv¤§` Avmv` Zvi Bmjvwg Ávb eyw×i Av‡jv‡K ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g GKwU m„Rbkxj f~wgKv ivL‡Z m‡Pó n‡q‡Qb, wZwb welqwU‡K we‡k(lY K‡i‡Qb Gfv‡e-

KyiÕAv‡b wievi aviYv I cÖPjb m¤úwK©Z `Ûwewa mywbw`©ó, my¯úó I Pzovš—| A_P cÖwZwU gyÕwgb gymwjg GB my`x Kg©Kv‡Ûi P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb n‡e hv

A_©‰bwZK †¶‡Î GKwU weivU cÖwZeÜK wn‡m‡e †`Lv †`‡e| d‡j Dchy³ kã I A_©‰bwZK msÁvq G welqwU‡K Zviv bZzbfv‡e msÁvwqZ Kivi mwµq cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡Z cvi‡e|

imyj Kvixg (m) ewY©Z wievi K‡qKwU iƒ‡ci weeiY:

1. evKx‡Z †jb‡`b (evqÔ gyqv¾vj)- wKQz wKQz wel‡qi Dci bex (m) evKx‡Z †jb‡`b eR©b Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb KviY †mLv‡b wievÕi Dcw ’wZ i‡q‡Q|

Dmvgv web hvB` (iv) ewY©Z, wZwb e‡j‡Qb: Avwg imyjyj;vn& (m) †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ evKx‡Z †jb‡`b wievi AvIZvfy³| Ab¨Î wZwb e‡j‡Qb bM` †ePv‡Kbvq †Kvb wiev †bB| (eyLvix/gymwjg)|

D`vniY¯iƒc cï µq-weµq m¤ú‡K© ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb GKwU cïi mv‡_ Av‡iKwU cïi wewbgq|

97

mvgyiv web Ryb`ye (iv) Gi eY©bvq: bex (m) evKx‡Z cïi wewbg‡q cï weµq wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| (wZiwghx, Avey `vD`, Be&‡b gvRvn&)|

KviY G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡b GKwU AwbðqZv KvR K‡i| †h cï µq ev weµq Kiv n‡jv †m cïwU Amy ’ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i ev gviv †h‡Z cv‡i, G ai‡bi NUbv NU‡j µq-weµqKvix `yÕc‡¶i g‡a¨ g‡bvgvwjb¨ GgbwK SMovweev`I †j‡M †h‡Z cv‡i, hvi cwiYwZ AZ¨š— fq¼i iƒc avib Kivi m¤¢vebv _v‡K|

ZvQvov evKx‡Z µq-weµq wbi“rmvwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q KviY, cieZx©‡Z evKx MÖnYKvix Zv wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ g~j¨ cwi‡kva Kivi mvg_© nvwi‡q †dj‡Z cv‡i| G wel‡q GKwU D`vniY Dc ’vcb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, Zv nj j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKvq †k¦Zv½ Rwg`viiv ’vbxq BwÛqvb K…lK‡`i FY †bqv I evKx‡Z cY¨ µ‡q DrmvwnZ I DØy× K‡i| cieZx©Kv‡j K…lKiv hLb FY cwi‡kv‡a Amg_© n‡q c‡o ZLb Zv cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K AgvbywlK cwikªg Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i| Gfv‡eB j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKvi K…wl-A_©bxwZ dz‡j †du‡c D‡VwQj, hv m¤¢e n‡qwQj AvKv‡ji mgq ¶zavZ© K…lK‡`i mv‡_ cÖZviYvg~jK AvPi‡Yi gva¨‡g, hv‡K Zv‡`i fvlvq j¨vwUdvwÊqv bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq| j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKvi GB K…wl A_©bxwZ wQj g~jZ cÖKvk¨ `vmZ¡‡K Avovj K‡i myß `vm‡Z¡i Dci cÖwZwôZ| cuvP eQi wbD BqK© _vKvKvjxb mg‡q ‡jLK hZ¸wj wee„wZ ï‡b‡Qb Zvi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q kw³kvjx e³e¨ n‡jv wbDRvwm©i gwimUvDb †R‡j Ae ’vbKvix GKRb Av‡d«v-Av‡gwiKvb †Uªwm wiMm& Gi Dw³ †m Zv‡K e‡jwQj ÑÒevKx †jb‡`b, `vmcÖ_vq wdwi‡q Avbvi cÖ_g avcÓ|

wievi cÖfve wbR †_‡KB e¨w³i Dci GKwU Avjv`v Aven I cwigÛj ˆZix K‡i †d‡j| e¨w³MZ fv‡e M„nxZ FY MÖn‡Yi cwiYwZ fvj ev g›` Dfq ch©vq n‡Z cv‡i| GwU‡K Kj¨v‡Yi ch©v‡q ivLvi Rb¨ e¨w³MZfv‡e me© v GKUv Pv‡ci gy‡L _vK‡Z nq| Lvivc ch©v‡q †M‡j A_©vr Acwi‡kvwaZ av‡ii Rb¨ wb‡R †_‡KB kvw¯— (gvbwmK Akvwš—) †fvM Ki‡Z nq| GB welq¸wj me©MÖvmx|

evqÔ gyqv¾vj m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v evKx‡Z †Kvb wKQz †jb‡`b Kiv‡K evqÔ gyqv¾vj e‡j| †Kvb ªe¨ eZ©gvb Ae ’vq µq K‡i cieZx© Kv‡j g~j¨ cwi‡kva Kiv nj e‡Kqv ev evKx‡Z †jb‡`b| evKx‡Z †jb‡`b me© v wiev nq bv| Avgv‡`i bex (m) wb‡RI evKx‡Z Lv`¨ ªe¨ µq Ki‡Zb| Z‡e †m mg‡qi evKx‡Z †jb‡`b ev evqÔ gyqv¾vj Avi eZ©gvb mg‡qi evKx‡Z µ‡qi g‡a¨ †ek wKQz c×wZMZ cv_©K¨ Av‡Q, †m¸wj n‡jv-

98

(1) †Kvb `ªe¨ evKx‡Z µ‡qi †¶‡Î ZrKvjxb mg‡q evowZ g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡Zv bv| [m¤§vwbZ cvVK, j¶¨ Ki“b] eZ©gv‡b evox, Mvox ev †Kvb wKQz evKx‡Z µq Kivi Rb¨ D³ eÜKx e¨e ’vq F‡Yi wecix‡Z cwi‡kva‡hvM¨ g~‡j¨i †P‡q AwaK g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z nq, Ges GUvB wiev|

(2) eÜK ivLvi gva¨‡g F‡Yi wbivcËv weavb Ñ evKx‡Z †Kvb wKQz µq Kivi †¶‡Î †Kvb wKQz eÜK ivLv n‡Zv hv D³ †jb‡`‡bi wbðqZv cÖ vb Ki‡Zv| FY cwi‡kv‡ai c~‡e©B †µZv g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡j D³ eÜKxK…Z cY¨ wewµi gva¨‡g evKx‡Z †Kbv c‡Y¨i g~j¨ D×vi Kiv m¤¢e n‡Zv Avevi †µZvI FY gy³ n‡q †h‡Zv|

(3) evKx‡Z µqK…Z welqmg~n me©w`K †_‡K Sv‡gjvgy³ wQj, A_©vr cwi‡kv‡ai mgq †Kvb cÖKvi ARynvZ, RwUjZv ev d¨vmv` m„wó nIqvi m¤¢vebv wQj bv|

Dc‡iv³ †jb‡`b wievÕi cÖfvegy³| G ai‡bi evKx‡Z µq Kivi ‡¶‡Î bex (m) Gi Aby‡gv`b i‡q‡Q|

D¤§yj gyÕwgwbb AvBkv (iv) e‡j‡Qb: imyjyj;vn& (m) †Kvb GK Bûw`i wbKU n‡Z wbw`©ó †gqv‡` (evKx‡Z) g~j¨ cwi‡kv‡ai k‡Z© Lv`¨ µq K‡ib Ges Zvi wbKU wb‡Ri †jvnvi eg© eÜK iv‡Lb| (mnxn eyLvix, 4:1933 c„:18; mnxn gymwjg, 4:3969 c„:533)|

AvBkv (iv) Av‡iv e‡jb: imyj (m) IdvZ Kv‡j wÎk ÔmvÕ h‡ei wewbg‡q GK Bûw`i Kv‡Q Zuvi †KvZ©v (Rvgv) eÜK wQj|

†Kvb wKQz evKx †bqv gv‡b FYMÖ ’ nIqv| Kv‡RB LyeB wec`MÖ ’ bv n‡j ev wbZvš— cÖ‡qvRb bv n‡j †Kvb gymwj‡giB FY †bqv DwPZ bq| †QvULv‡Uv cÖ‡qvR‡b †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q nvZ cvZv wKsev FY MÖnY Kiv GKwU weiw³Ki, A¯w¯—Ki I fxwZRbK e¨vcvi| wbZvš— cÖ‡qvR‡b hw`I FY †bqvi Aby‡gv`b Bmjv‡g i‡q‡Q Z‡e FY Awbw`©ó mgq ch©š— Acwi‡kvwaZ Ae ’vq †d‡j ivLv DwPZ bq| hw` †Kvb FYMÖ ’ e¨w³ GKmv‡_ FY cwi‡kv‡a AcviM nq, Zvn‡j †h cwigv‡Y m¤¢e Zv cwi‡kva K‡i F‡Yi †evSv Kgv‡bv DwPZ Ges Pzw³‡Z D‡j(wLZ mgqvbyhvqx FY cwi‡kva Kiv DwPZ| G wel‡q ZIiv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q mvZ eQ‡ii g‡a¨ FY cwi‡kv‡ai mgq mxgve× _vKv `iKvi| Z‡e ZIiv‡Z FY cwi‡kv‡ai e¨vcv‡i D‡j(wLZ weei‡Yi AmvgÄm¨ I ˆØZbxwZ aiv c‡o| bx‡P ZIiv‡Z DׄZ Ask¸wj wePvi Ki‡j Zv ¯úó n‡q D‡V:

cÖwZ mvZ eQi Aš—i F‡Yi wn‡me Kiv DwPZ, cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i KvQ †_‡K cvIbv FY cÖ‡qvR‡b gIKzd Kiv DwPZ (Zv‡`i wbKU Acwi‡kvwaZ F‡Yi Rb¨ Pvc cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPZ bq, hw`I Zvi cvIbv i‡q‡Q) Avcb wbKU AvZ¥xq cwiRb I

99

cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i Rb¨ Ck¦‡ii Zid †_‡K GB AwfcÖvq| (ZIivZ, wØZxq weeiY, 15:1)|

Zywg FY cwi‡kv‡a ZvMv`v Ki‡Z cvi hw` Zviv we‡`kx nq (hviv Bûw` bq); wKš‘ Aek¨B wbKUvZ¥xq‡`i KvQ †_‡K cvIbv †Q‡o †`qv DwPZ| (ZIivZ, wØZxq weeiY, 15:1)|

A_©‰bwZK ¶gZv I cÖvav‡b¨i †¶‡Î ¯úóZB ejv i‡q‡Q: †Zvgiv wb‡R‡`i Qvov eû RvwZ‡K (A-Bûw`‡K) Fb cÖ`vb Ki‡e I Zv‡`i Dci cÖavb¨ we¯—vi Ki‡e KviY me©‡kªô RvwZ wn‡m‡e Ck¦i GKgvÎ †Zvgv‡`i‡KB g‡bvbxZ K‡i‡Qb| (ZIivZ, wØZxq weeiY, 15:6)|

BwZc~‡e© ewY©Z DׄwZ¸wj KL‡bv gymv (Av) Gi Kv‡Q †cÖixZ ZIiv‡Zi Ask n‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY ˆØZ bxwZ Aej¤‡b Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K wKZve bvwhj nIqv KL‡bvB m¤¢e bq| †hfv‡eB ZIiv‡Zi GB Ask¸wj wjwce× †nvK bv †Kb, Zv †h kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ivPbvq n‡q‡Q Zv eyS‡Z †gv‡UI Amyweav nq bv| †h mKj c_åó †jLKiv ZIiv‡Zi g~j Ask e`‡j w`‡q wb‡R‡`i gbMov K_v cyb©wjL‡bi KvR¸wj K‡i‡Q Zviv †Lv` kqZvb‡KB mv_x I c_cÖ k©K iƒ‡c †c‡qwQj| GmKj fyZz‡o †jLKiv hv wj‡L‡Q Zv mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi c¶ †_‡K Bûw`‡`i‡K N„Yv I jvÃbv cÖKvk Kivi `wjj wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q| †h `wjj Bûw`‡`i Rb¨ AvZ¥msnviK| GB weK…Z ZIiv‡Zi AbymiYKvixiv cÖK…Z Beªvnxg (Av) Ges gymv (Av) Gi Øxb †_‡KB wePz¨Z n‡q‡Q| Beªvnxg (Av) Ges gymv (Av) Gi Kv‡Q mZ¨ Øxb mn wKZve bvwRj n‡qwQj Zv weK…Z K‡i †djv n‡q‡Q Zz”Q `ywbqvex ¯v‡_©i Rb¨ d‡j Zv‡`i cÖK…Z Av`k© I Øx‡bi Aw¯—‡Z¡i AvR wejywß N‡U‡Q| KyiÕAvbyj Kvixg Ges bex (m) Gi mnxn nv`xm wk¶v e¨ZxZ ZIivZ, BwÄj BZ¨vw` c~e©eZx wKZv‡e cÖKvwkZ mZ¨ cybi“×vi m¤¢e n‡e bv| e ‘Z mvgwMÖKfv‡e gymwjg RvwZi Dci h‡_ó `vwqZ¡ i‡q‡Q cÖKvwkZ mZ¨‡K gvby‡li gv‡S Zz‡j aivi| Bmjv‡gi cÖK…Z wk¶vq wkw¶Z e¨w³eM© I Bmjvwg ¯‹jvi‡`i Beªvnxg (Av) Ges gymv (Av) Gi cÖwZ bvwhj Kiv AweK…Z Z_¨‡K cybi“×vi Ki‡Z n‡e| Zuv‡`i cÖwZ bvwhj Kiv mwVK Z_¨ i‡q‡Q me©‡kªô Avmgvbx MÖš’ KyiÕAv‡b| [G Kvi‡YB gymwjg D¤§vn‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i KyiÕAvb †NvlYv †`q: †ZvgivB (gymwjgivB) m‡e©vËg wbe©vwPZ RvwZ mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi Kj¨v‡Yi R‡b¨B †Zvgv‡`i m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q| (†Zvgv‡`i `vwqZ¡ n‡jv) †Zvgiv mgMÖ gvbeRvwZ‡K mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k w`‡e Ges Ab¨vq Amr KvR †_‡K weiZ ivL‡e| †Zvgiv wb‡Riv Avj;vn&i Dci Cgvb Avb‡e| (†Zvgv‡`i c~‡e©) Avwg hv‡`i Kv‡Q wKZve cvwV‡qwQ Zviv hw` Cgvb Avb‡Zv Zvn‡j Zv‡`i R‡b¨ KZBbv DËg n‡Zv| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wKQz †jvK Cgvb`vi i‡q‡Q, Z‡e G‡`i AwaKvsk †jvKB dvwmK (AZ¨š— Lvivc cÖK…wZi)| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:110)|]

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2. †Kvb `ªe¨vw` evKx‡Z µq Ki‡j cieZx©‡Z µqg~j¨ †_‡K AwZwi³ A_© w`‡Z nq| †`ix‡Z g~j¨ cwi‡kv‡ai Kvi‡Y c‡Y¨i g~j¨ e„w× Kivi †h c×wZ‡Z †jb‡`b nq Zv‡K wiev-Avb-bvwmqvn& e‡j|

Dmvgv web hvB` (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, Avb&-bvwmqvn& Qvov †Kvb wievB n‡Z cv‡i bv| (eyLvix)|

wiev Avb-bvwmqvn& ZrKvjxb g°vq me©vwaK cÖPwjZ wQj| G m¤ú‡K© †h bxwZ I aviYv cÖwZwôZ wQj Zvn‡jv, †h‡nZz wewµZ gv‡ji g~j¨ †c‡Z A‡c¶v K‡i _vK‡Z n‡e ZvB cÖK…Z g~‡j¨i †P‡qI AwaK cwigvY A_© cvIqvi AwaKvi we‡µZvi| hw` FYx e¨w³ mgqgZ FY cwi‡kva bv Ki‡Z †c‡i evowZ mgq PvB‡Zv †m †¶‡Î Zv‡K Av‡iv AwZwi³ A_© †hvMvb w`‡Z n‡Zv| GB mgq e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡`i cvIbv A‡_©i cwigvYI evo‡Z _vK‡Zv|

Gfv‡e cyuwR ev m¤ú‡`i e„w× mg‡qi †gqv` evov‡bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ ùxZ n‡Z _vKv‡K KyiÕAvb ¯xK…wZ †`q bv| mg‡qi e¨eav‡bB hw` g~jab e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡j A_© wb‡RB DcvR©bKvix n‡q `uvovq webv cwikª‡g ev webv SuywK‡Z| GB aviYvi wecix‡Z hw` A_© my‡`i gva¨‡g jwMœ Kivi AbygwZ †`q Zvn‡j A_© wb‡R wb‡R evo‡ZB _v‡K, d‡j mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ wKQz †jvK m¤ú` evwo‡q dy‡j †du‡c D‡V Ges hv‡`i c`Z‡j _v‡K mvaviY RbMY| Dciš‘ AvBb weavb hLb my`x FY †jb‡`‡bi AbygwZ †`q ZLb mgq A‡_©i mgZzj¨ n‡q `vovq| ZLb `vjvj †hfv‡e †ek¨v‡`i kª‡gi wewbg‡q webv cwikª‡g A_© DcvR©b K‡i †Zgwb FY`vZvI FYMÖnxZvi Nv‡o †P‡c e‡m ZviB kª‡g cuywRi cvnvo M‡o †Zv‡j| G ai‡bi wiev hLb A_©bxwZ‡Z AbycÖ‡ek K‡i ZLb abx †kvlK †Mvwô mvaviY gvby‡li kªgØviv cÖwZcvwjZ nq| A_©B ZLb mKj ¶gZvi Drm n‡q `vovq| A_© m¤ú` †h‡nZz cuywRev`x‡`i Pviw`‡KB AvewZ©Z nq kª‡gi gh©v`v ZLb µgkB Kg‡Z _v‡K| hvi cwiYwZ‡Z kªgRxex gvbyl cuywRev`x‡`i AbyMÖ‡ni Dci wbf©ikxj n‡Z eva¨ n‡q c‡o Avi Gfv‡eB wek¦gvbeZvi Dci `vm‡Z¡i k„sLj ’vqxfv‡e †P‡c e‡m| d‡j A_©B n‡q `uvovq Avmj PvwjKv kw³| gvby‡li kªg I gh©v`v µgk fyjywÚZ n‡Z _v‡K I cuywRi DciB mg¯— mgvR wbf©ikxj n‡q c‡o, hv eZ©gvb `ywbqvq gvivZ¥K mgm¨v n‡q †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| gvby‡li ¶zav‡K DcwRe¨ K‡i cuywR MVb m¤cÖmvwiZ nq Avi mvaviY gvbyl µgk A`„k¨ `vm‡Z¡i w`‡K GwM‡q P‡j|

evKx‡Z µq-weµq I evowZ g~j¨ ms‡hvRb cÖwµqvi d‡j eZ©gvb cuywRev` A_©bxwZ‡Z †h †Kvb aŸsmvZ¥K cwiYwZB †W‡K Avb‡Z m¶g|

G‡¶‡Î wei“×ev`x †KD †KD cÖkœ Zzj‡Z cv‡ib mg‡qi e¨eav‡b UvKv e„w× cvq (my‡`i Kvi‡Y) mg‡qi e¨eav‡b m¤úwËi g~j¨gvbI †Zv e„w× cvq| mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©

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gy`ªvùxwZi Kvi‡Y ‡Kvb ª‡e¨i `vg evov‡K H ª‡e¨i g~j¨gvb e„w× wb‡`©k K‡i bv| †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î AwZ `vgx wRwb‡mi g~j¨gvbI A‡avgyLx n‡q _v‡K| gy`ªvùxwZi Kvi‡Y `vg evov Kv¸‡R gy ªvi g~j¨gvb K‡g hvIqv GgbwK Zv cZ‡bi Bw½Z †`q| Avm‡j Kv¸‡R gy ªv cÖPjb I e¨envi GK ai‡bi wiev| KviY GB m¤ú‡`i AwaKvix ïaygvÎ gy`ªvùxwZi Kvi‡Y cÖK…Z m¤ú‡`i (Kv¸‡R gy`ªv) D‡j(L‡hvM¨ Ask nviv‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov Kv¸‡R UvKvi g~j¨gvb Kg‡Z _vK‡j ¶wZMÖ ’ nq mvaviY kªgRxex gvbyl|

gyivevnv (jv‡f weµq) mviv we‡k¦ Bmjvwg e¨vsK¸wj Aïf A_©‰bwZK c×wZ D™¢ve‡bi gva¨‡g wiev‡K cvk KvUv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †KŠk‡j eis wiev‡K ˆeaZv cÖ v‡bi cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡”Q | mij cÖvY gymwjg RbMY‡K my`x-e¨vswKs Gi weKí wn‡m‡e Zviv hv Dc ’vcb Ki‡Q Zv g~jZ wieviB QÙiƒc Qvov Avi wKQz bq| D`vniY¯iƒc ejv hvq, Zviv gyivevnv bvgK GKwU cwifvlv †KŠk‡j e¨envi K‡i Ges ΓwUc~Y©fv‡e Zv‡K msÁvwqZ K‡i| wKš‘ ev¯—weK †¶‡Î RbmvaviY‡K cÖ”Qbœfv‡e †auvKv w`‡qB G ai‡bi †jb‡`b Kiv nq hv wbwðZfv‡eB wievi cÖfve gy³ bq| GB gyivevnv cÖK‡íi AvIZvq †Kvb `ªe¨ e¨vsK bM` g~‡j¨ µq K‡i Ges †ekx g~‡j¨ Zv evKx‡Z wewµ K‡i| G‡¶‡Î e¨vs‡Ki hyw³ n‡”Q GB †h, †h‡nZz G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡b †µZv I we‡µZvi g‡a¨ `ª‡e¨i g~j¨ m¤ú‡K© Av‡MB mg‡SvZv n‡q _v‡K †m‡nZz G ai‡bi †jb‡`b nvjvj|

hw` †Kvb e¨vsK evRvi †_‡K 1500 Wjvi (8 j¶ UvKv) w`‡q GKwU Mvox bM` µq K‡i Ges †m evRv‡iB bM` 2500 Wjvi (10 j¶ UvKvq) MvoxwU weµq K‡i Z‡e GB †jb‡`bwU n‡e m‡›`nRbK| KviY hw` evRv‡i 8 j¶ UvKvq MvoxwU cvIqv hvq Zvn‡j †K 10 j¶ UvKv w`‡q e¨vs‡Ki KvQ †_‡K †mB GKB Mvox wKb‡Z hv‡e? †m‡¶‡Î hw` †Kvb †µZvi evRvi`i m¤ú‡K© aviYv bv _v‡K Ges †m AÁZvi my‡hvM wb‡q Zv‡K VwK‡q 2 j¶ UvKv †ekx Av`vq Kiv nq, G ai‡bi cÖZviYvI wievi Aš—f©y³|

Avbvm web gvwjK (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: GKRb gymZvimvj‡K (evRvi`i m¤ú‡K© †h Rv‡bbv Ggb †µZv) VKv‡bv wievi AvIZvfy³| (evqnvKx)|

hw` †Kvb †µZv evRvi `i m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi ciI 2500 Wjvi (10 j¶ UvKv) w`‡q †m MvoxwU µq K‡i Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e G ai‡bi A¯vfvweK †jb‡`‡bi g‡a¨ wbðqB †Kvb Mj` wKsev †Kvb Aš—wb©wnZ KviY Av‡Q| bq‡Zv †µZv gvbwmK fvimvg¨nxb| †m‡¶‡Î †jb‡`bwU A‰ea e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e|

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Aciw`‡K e¨vsK hw` MvoxwU bM` 1500 Wjvi (8 j¶ UvKv) w`‡q wK‡b 2500 Wjv‡ii wewbg‡q (10 j¶ UvKvq) evKx‡Z wewµ K‡i Z‡e g~j¨ e„w×i h_vh_ KviY GLv‡b mg‡qi Drcv`K (FY `v‡bi gva¨‡g my` MÖnY) Qvov Avi wKQzB n‡Z cv‡i bv| G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡b mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ UvKvi cwigvYI †e‡o hvq| ZvB GB e¨e ’vq ïay UvKvB UvKv Drcv`‡b m¶g n‡q hvq|

†h mg¯— c_nviv AÁ gymwjgMY †KŠk‡j Dc ’vwcZ gyivevnv‡K nvjvj e‡j g‡b K‡i Zv‡K AvK‡o a‡i Av‡Q Zv‡`i Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv‡K fq cvIqv DwPZ| KviY Zviv gynvivev‡K nvjvj e‡j cÖPvi K‡i mvaviY gymwjg RbMY‡K cÖZviYv Ki‡Qb, GB Kv‡R Zv‡`i †Kvb Kj¨vY Avgiv †`LwQ bv|

Zv‡`i hyw³ Abyhvqx GUv wiev bq KviY G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡b Zviv SzuwK wb‡q _v‡K e‡j Zviv `vex K‡i, †h `vex GKvš—B wfwËnxb| GLv‡b D‡j(L‡hvM¨, we‡µZv hLbB evKx‡Z †Kvb wKQz †jb‡`b K‡i †m hZUv m¤¢e SuywKgy³ _vKvi e¨e ’v K‡i †bq| †hgb evKx µ‡qi †¶‡Î †Kvb wKQz eÜK ivL‡Z nq| hv‡Z K‡i mgqgZ FY Av`v‡q A¶g n‡j eÜKx e¯‘ weµq K‡i we‡µZv Zvi cvIbv Av`vq K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i| myZivs G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡b e¨vs‡Ki †Kvb SuywKB _v‡Kbv| eis FY ev g~j¨ cwi‡kv‡a †µZvi `vq ev Pvc _v‡K †ekx| c¶vš—‡i we‡µZv mg‡qi †gqv‡`, webv cwikª‡gB AwZwi³ A_©-m¤ú` nvwZ‡q †bq ïaygvÎ cuywR wewb‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g|

Avm‡j Bmjvwg kvmbfy³ mgv‡R ïaygvÎ my`hy³ FY cÖ vbB bq eis mKj ai‡bi SuywKgy³ wewb‡qv‡Mi iv¯—vB eÜ _vKv DwPZ| hv‡Z K‡i webv SuywK ev webv cwikª‡g cuywR MVb Kiv Kv‡ivi c‡¶ m¤¢eci bv nq Ges A_© m¤ú` ïaygvÎ cuywRev`x‡`i Pvicv‡kB AvewZ©Z nIqvi my‡hvM m„wó bv nq|

3. †Kvb e¨w³ ev `j‡K w`‡q K…wÎgfv‡e AwZwi³ g~j¨ nuvwK‡q wbjvg WvKvi cÖwµqvI wievi Aš—©f~³| †Kbbv K…wÎgfv‡e g~j¨ evwo‡q wbjvg WvKvi gva¨‡g gy³ evRvi‡K `ybx©wZhy³ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| G ai‡bi wiev‡K ÔNviviÕ ejv nq|

Ave`yj(vn& web AvId (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: bvwhk (wbjvg WvKvq wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³) wievi (MÖn‡Yi `v‡q) Kvi‡Y Awfkß| (eyLvix)|

4. gy³evRv‡i †KŠkj Aej¤b K‡i K…wÎg ev cÖZviYvg~jK g~j¨ e„w× Kiv m¤ú‡K© wb‡gœv³ nv`xm¸wj D‡j(L‡hvM¨-

Ave`yj(vn& web Avey AvId (iv) e‡j‡Qb: GK e¨w³ evRv‡i wKQz cY¨ cÖ`k©b K‡i c‡Y¨i g~‡j¨i e¨vcv‡i wg_¨v Kmg Ki‡jv (†h `vg wQj †m `v‡gi †_‡K evwo‡q e‡j wg_¨v Kmg Kij) ZLb Iqvnx bvwhj n‡jv-ÒwbwðZB GivB Zviv hviv Avj;vn&i

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mv‡_ m¤úvw`Z Iqv`v Ges wb‡R‡`i kc_¸wj‡K Zz”Q g~‡j¨ wewµ K‡i, Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q AZxe hš¿Yv`vqK AvhveÓ (3:77)|

Be&‡b Avey AvDd (iv) Av‡iv e‡jb: (bvwRk) e¨w³ n‡jv Awfkß wiev‡Lvi| (eyLvix)|

Avbvm web gvwjK (iv) eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, imyjyj(vn& (m) eY©bv K‡i‡Qb: GKRb gymZvimvj (†h evRvi`i m¤ú‡K© AÁ)-†K VKv‡bv wiev| (evqnvKx)|

Avey KvZv`v Avbmvix (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb imyj (m) †K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb: †Zvgiv e¨emv‡q Kmg LvIqv n‡Z weiZ _vK| †Kbbv Kmg cY¨ weµ‡q mnvqZv K‡i wKš‘ eviKvZ †K‡o †bq| (mnxn gymwjg, 4:3981, c„: 536)|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) e‡j‡Qb: imyjyj;vn& (m) Gi Kv‡Q wKQz Lv`¨km¨ wb‡q Avmv n‡jv, wZwb Zv‡Z nvZ XywK‡q w`‡q eyS‡jb Zv wfRv| AZci wZwb k‡m¨i gvwjK‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb G¸wj Ggb n‡jv wK K‡i? †m ejj e„wói cvwb c‡o wf‡R wM‡q‡Q| wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg †Kb †fRv km¨¸wj Dc‡i ivL‡j bv, hv‡Z ‡jv‡Kiv mn‡RB †`L‡Z †cZ? ï‡b ivL, †h cÖZviYv K‡i Zvi wel‡q Avgvi †Kvb `vq`vwqZ¡ †bB| (gymwjg)|

nvKxg web wnhvg (iv) my‡Î bex (m) e‡jb: †µZv I we‡µZv ci¯ú‡i Avjv`v nevi c~e© ch©š— wLqvi (µq-weµq cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi AeKvk) _vK‡e| Df‡q hw` mZ¨ K_v e‡j Ges †`vlΓwU eY©bv K‡i †`q Z‡e Zv‡`i †ePv-‡Kbvq eiKZ n‡e| Avi hw` ‡ePv-‡Kbvi mgq wg_¨vi Avkªq †bq Ges c‡Y¨i †`vl-ΓwU †Mvcb iv‡L Z‡e Zvi eiKZ K‡g hv‡e| (gymwjg, 4:3715, c„: 453)|

Iqvw_jv web Avj-AvmKv (iv) imyjyj(vn& (m)-†K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb: †KD hw` ΓwUhy³ c‡Y¨i ΓwU cÖKvk bv K‡i wewµ K‡i Zvn‡j †m Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi †µv‡a wbcwZZ n‡e Avi wdwikZviv AbeiZ Zv‡K jvÕbvZ Ki‡Z (Awfkvc w`‡Z) _vK‡e| (Be&‡b gvRvn)|

eZ©gv‡b mviv we‡k¦ cÖK…Z gy`ªv‡K Kv¸‡R gy`ªvq cÖwZ ’vc‡bi g‡a¨ Aš—wb©wnZ †h RvwjqvwZ, cÖZviYv, Pzwi I AvZ¥mvr g~jK Kg©KvÛ Rwo‡q i‡q‡Q Zv AvkvKwi cvVK mgvR wPwýZ Ki‡Z m¶g n‡eb| cÖK…Z ev Avmj gy`ªvi wbR¯ GKUv g~j¨ ev gy`ªvi gvb Zvi wb‡Ri g‡a¨B _v‡K †hgb ¯Y©gy`ªv| c¶vš—‡i Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi wbR¯^ †Kvb g~j¨ _v‡K bv| evRvi wbqš¿YKvix kw³ ¸wj Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi gv‡S †h g~j¨ Qvwc‡q †`q †mUvB Zvi cÖK…Z g~j¨| Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi evRvi `i wbf©i K‡i †m gy ªvi cÖwZ gvby‡li Av ’v Ges evRv‡i Zvi Pvwn`vi Dci hv cÖZviYv I RvwjqvwZi gva¨‡g wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq| wKš‘ GB cÖK…Z gy`ªvi e`‡j K…wÎg gy ªv wn‡m‡e Kv¸‡R gy`ªv cÖwZ ’vwcZ n‡j (†nvK Zv Av‡gwiKvb Wjvi) GB gy`ªvi gvb µgvMZ Kg‡ZB

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_v‡K| d‡j Kv¸‡R gy ªv †_‡K AwR©Z m¤ú‡`i †¶‡Î RbMY cÖZviYv ev eÂbvi wkKvi nq| G welqwUI wievi Aš—f©y³| (Avj-KyiÕAvb-7:85, 11:85, 26:183)|

e¨emv-evwY‡R¨ cÖZviYvi gZ K¨vÝvimg wele„‡¶i Aw¯—Z¡ `vi“j Bmjv‡g wQj bv| D`vniY¯iƒc (A‡Uvgvb) Imgvwbqv wLjvd‡Zi K_v D‡j(L Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i| †m mgq evRvi wbqš¿Y Kivi Rb¨ we‡klfv‡e evRvi cywjk, Kg©Pvix I wePviK wb‡qvM Kiv n‡Zv| hviv cÖZ¨¶fv‡e evRv‡i †Kvb cÖKvi cÖZviYv, Awbqg †`L‡j mv‡_ mv‡_B Zv †iva Kivi j‡¶¨ ivq w`‡q kvw¯—i e¨e ’v wb‡Zv| Gfv‡eB gy³ mywePvig~jK I ¯”Q evRv‡ii cwi‡ek memgq eRvq _vK‡Zv|

mwZ¨Kvi gymwjg kvmb e¨e ’v hw` Avevi cÖwZwôZ nq Zvn‡j `vi“j Bmjv‡gi †mB Aw¯—Z¡ cybi“×vi Kiv m¤¢e n‡e BbkvAvj(vn&|

5. gRy``vixi wfwˇZ evRv‡i K…wÎg msKU m„wó Kiv Ges gy³ evRvi‡K Aw ’wZkxj I KjywlZ Kiv|

gvÔgvi (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z, imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: g~j¨ e„w× cvIqv ch©š— †h e¨w³ cY¨ ¸`vgRvZ K‡i †m ¸bvnMvi| (gymwjg, 4:3977 c„: 535)|

Dgi (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, imyj (mv) e‡j‡Qb: †h e¨w³ wewµi D‡Ï‡k¨ cY¨`ªe¨ Av‡b Zv‡Z Zvi eiKZ bvwhj nq| wKš‘ †m hw` g~j¨e„w× cvIqv ch©š— †mmKj cY¨ Rgv ev gRy` K‡i iv‡L †m Awfkß| (Be&‡b gvRvn&, `vwigx)|

Be&‡b Dgi (iv) imyj (m) n‡Z eY©bv K‡i‡Qb: †h e¨w³ g~j¨ e„w×i j‡¶¨ Pwj;k w`b ch©š— Lv`¨km¨ gRy` K‡i iv‡L †m Avj;vn‡K cwiZ¨vM Ki‡jv Ges Avj;vnI Zv‡K cwiZ¨vM K‡ib| (ivwhb)|

gRy``vixi gva¨‡g A‰bwZK I A‰ea Avw_©K jvf AwR©Z nq ZvB †mUv wiev|

6. gy³evRvi I w ’wZkxj A_©bxwZ‡Z cÖwZ‡hvwMZv _v‡K, wKš‘ evRvi Kzw¶MZ K‡i GK‡PwUqv AwaKvi cÖwZwôZ Kiv n‡j evRv‡ii g~j¨ wbqš¿Y gywó‡gq K‡qKR‡bi nv‡Z P‡j hvq hviv Zv‡`i †Lqvj LykxgZ g~j¨ wba©viY K‡i Ges G‡Z †µZvmvaviY cÖZvwiZ nq| GwU wiev| we‡kl K‡i G ai‡bi wiev Bmjv‡gi kΓ‡`i‡K AviI kw³kvjx K‡i †Zv‡j KviY †m †¶‡Î cÖZviYvg~jKfv‡e evRvi wbqš¿Y jv‡f m‡Pó †_‡K gymwjg Z_v mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi wei“‡×B GKwU Pig msKU ˆZix Kivi D‡`¨vM †bqv nq| Bmjv‡gi kΓ‡`i cwiKíbv AZxe fqsKi| G‡`i cwiKíbv n‡jv evRvi †_‡K A‡b¨i AwaKvi †K‡o wb‡q GK‡PwUqvfv‡e wb‡R‡`i AwaKvi cÖwZôv Kiv| hv‡Z K‡i gymwjg D¤§vn‡K Zv‡`i `v‡m cwiYZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

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7. wKw¯—‡Z µq-weµq| ewa©Z nv‡i †h g~j¨ cwi‡kva Kiv nq wKw¯— ev wej‡¤^ cwi‡kva Kivi Rb¨|

8. Abygvbwbf©i dvUKv Kvievi| G ai‡bi †jb‡`b Abygv‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i cÖwZôv Kiv nq, hw` AbywgZ nq †h †Kvb `ªe¨ ev c‡Y¨i `vg †e‡o †h‡Z cv‡i Zv Av‡M †_‡K wK‡b gRy``vixi gva¨‡g A‡c¶v Kiv Ges cieZx©‡Z `vg evo‡j wewµ K‡i †`qv| A_ev Gi D‡ëvUv hw` N‡U †hgb hw` AbywgZ nq †h c‡Y¨i `vg K‡g †h‡Z cv‡i ZLb cY¨ h_vm¤¢e wewµ K‡i †`qv I `vg Kg‡j Zv wK‡b Avevi gRy` Kiv| G ai‡bi dvUKvevwR e¨emvi gva¨‡g gybvdv AR©b nj wiev| GLv‡b †Kvb kªg e¨q Ki‡Z nq bv Ges Zv RyqviB bvgvš—i gvÎ|

a~Z© I wKQz wKQz PvjevR jyÚbKvix abx †kvlK †Mvôx Av‡Q hviv dvUKv evRv‡i cÖfy †m‡R e‡m Av‡Q| evRvi `i I Zvi mvwe©K Ae ’v Zv‡`i bL`c©‡b _v‡K| Giv nq LyeB †PŠKl| †jb‡`‡bi e¨cv‡i evRv‡ii †fZ‡ii Lei Giv msMÖn K‡i, †Kvb& wRwb‡mi `vg evo‡Z cv‡i, †Kvb&wUi `vg Kg‡Z cv‡i, †m Abyhvqx µq-weµ‡qi gva¨‡g Giv Afvebxq jvf K‡i| myZivs GB †jb‡`b ïay Abygvb wbf©i dvUKvevRx bq eis Zvi †P‡qI gvivZ¥K ¶wZKi| Abygvb wbf©i †jb‡`b nvivg KviY GwU Ryqv †LjviB iƒcvš—wiZ ms¯‹iY gvÎ| KviY, G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡b Drcv`b ev kª‡gi cÖ‡Póv RwoZ _v‡K bv ei _v‡K †auvKvevwR I fuvIZvevwR| fve‡Z AevK jv‡M †h eZ©gvb cuywRev`x we‡k¦ G ai‡bi Abygvb wbf©i †auvKvevwR †jb‡`‡bi cÖ‡KvcB cÖPÛ| ej‡Z †M‡j we‡k¦i mKj A_©‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Ûi kZKiv lvU fvM †jb‡`bB dvUKvevRx ev Abygvb wbf©i †jb‡`b| GB A‰eafv‡e wbixn gvbyl‡K †auvKv w`‡q gybvdv AR©b, eZ©gvb cywRuevw` we‡k¦ GLb A‡bKUv cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK g‡bvfv‡ei m„wó K‡i‡Q| mK‡jB Gi w`‡K Suy‡K c‡o‡Q|

AvMvg I Avf¨š—ixY Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ dvUKvevRx e¨emv n‡jv wb‡f©Rvj wiev| hLb dvUKvevRxi wfwˇZ e¨emv-evwYR¨ I wkí KviLvbv M‡o I‡V, Avi wiev‡Lviiv Avf¨š—ixY AvMvg Z_¨ jv‡fi myweav †fvM K‡i, ZLb Gi cwiYwZ‡Z K…lK, kªwgK I w`bgRy‡ii K‡Vvi cwikª‡gi gva¨‡g wkí-KviLvbv I K…wl Rwg †_‡K †h m¤ú` AwR©Z nq Zv nvZ e`j n‡q dvUKvevR‡`i nv‡Z Rgv n‡Z _v‡K| cwi‡k‡l GB dvUKvevRiv K…lK-gRy‡ii K‡Vvi cwikª‡g AwR©Z m¤ú` Zz‡j †`q wiev‡Lvi awoevR jyÚbKvix‡`i nv‡Z| K‡Vvi kª‡gi wewbg‡q AwR©Z m¤ú` Gfv‡e Avf¨š—ixY Z_¨duvm Ges GK‡PwUqv evRvi wbqš¿‡Yi Kvi‡Y nvZ e`j n‡q dvUKvevRxi gva¨‡g ivZvivwZ †cŠu‡Q hvq Kw_Z gy³evRvi wbqš—v, my`‡Lvi‡`i nv‡Z|

9. A‡bK mgq Abygvb wbf©i ev dvUKvevRx †jb‡`b Avkvbyiƒc dj jvf K‡i bv eis weeªZKi Ae ’vi m~Pbv NUvq| g~j¨ ev `vg †hnv‡i evo‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv

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n‡qwQj, †Zgb nv‡i e„w× nq bv| dvUKvevRiv KL‡bvB Pvqbv Zv‡`i wewb‡qvM †Kvb SuywK ev ¶wZKi †jb‡`‡b AvUKv c‡o hvK| G ai‡bi SuywK Gov‡Z Zviv cY¨ `ªe¨ wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ wbw ©ó `vg w`‡q †bevi cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q H c‡Y¨i wewbg‡q A‡dir†hvM¨ wKQz A_© evqbv K‡i my‡hv‡Mi A‡c¶vq _v‡K| G‡Z K‡i †m Dchy³ Ae ’v `k©‡bi my‡hvM jvf K‡i| hw` AvKvsw•LZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ `vg †e‡o hvq ZLb †m my‡hvM MÖnY K‡i Ges Zv wewµ K‡i Zvr¶wYK gybvdv AR©b K‡i †bq| hw` `vg bv ev‡o †m‡¶‡Î †m †mB my‡hvM MÖnY Kiv †_‡K weiZ _v‡K| G‡Z K‡i Aek¨ Zvi evqbvi UvKvUv gvi hvq|

gy³ evRv‡i wRwb‡mi `vg evov ev Kgv ïaygvÎ evRvi cwiw ’wZi Dci wbf©i K‡i| hvi g~j PvwjKv kw³ Avj(vn ZvÔAvjvi gva¨‡g n‡q _v‡K| m¤ú‡`i cÖmviY I ms‡KvP‡bi ¶gZv GKgvÎ Avj(vn&i nv‡ZB b¨¯— i‡q‡Q| Gi gva¨‡g Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv m¤ú‡`i e›Ub I cyb e›U‡bi e¨e ’v‡K mgybœZ iv‡Lb| †m‡¶‡Î G ai‡bi evqbv K‡i Abygvb wfwËK e¨emvi my‡hvM ˆZix Kiv I `vg wbqš¿Y Kivi cÖ‡Póvi A_©B n‡jv Avj(vn&i ¶gZvi Dci n¯—‡¶c Kiv| GRb¨ GwU nvivg|

10. Nyl Ges `ybx©wZ Ñ e¨w³MZ ev cÖvwZôvwbKfv‡e Nyl MÖnY, Nyl cÖ vb, ev Nyl Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡q GKRb‡K cÖZvwiZ K‡i AciRb‡K my‡hvM K‡i †`qv wievi Aš—M©Z| wiev A‡bK mgq c„ô‡cvlKZv I Ny‡li iƒc avib K‡i hv Ab¨ e¨w³ ev cÖwZôv‡bi Dci Ac¶gZv we¯—v‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨q Kiv nq| †mŠ`x miKvi g‡bvbxZ GK BmjvwgK ¯‹jv‡ii K_vB ai“b bv †Kb, hv‡K †mŠ`x miKvi cuvPkZ nvhvi BD Gm Wjvi cyi¯‹vi w`‡q‡Q| GB cyi¯‹vi MÖn‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q wZwb wbR ¯Ëv wewµ K‡i w`‡q ew›`Z¡‡KB eiY K‡i wb‡q‡Qb| d‡j wZwb wb‡Ri Ges Zvi mKj c`‡¶c wbi‡c¶Zvi AZj MnŸ‡i Wy‡e wM‡q Zvi Av‡›`vjb e¨_©Zvi iƒc wb‡q‡Q| Zviv Avi Bmjv‡gi kΓ‡`i cÖfve Ges wbqš¿Y †_‡K †`k‡K gy³ Kivi cÖ‡Póvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| d‡j †`‡ki ¯vaxbZv wdwi‡q Avb‡Z cv‡iwb| Avi GUvB kΓ‡`i weRq| Bmjv‡gi kΓiv Gfv‡eB `ywbqvq weRqjvf K‡i P‡j‡Q| mwZ¨Kvi fv‡e GB mvd‡j¨i †cQ‡b g~j j¶¨ hv wQj Zv n‡jvÑ

†h mKj welq GB weRq‡K mnRZi K‡i †`q, Zv n‡jv hLb †h e¨w³Z¡‡K ¶gZvai e¨w³iv Pvq, ZLb Zviv gvbe g‡bi ¯úk©KvZi w`K¸wji Dci n¯—‡¶c K‡i| hv‡`i abwjáv i‡q‡Q Zv‡K abm¤ú` w`‡q, hvi D”P wWMÖx `iKvi Zv‡K D”P wk¶vq we‡`k cvwV‡q, hvi wbZ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwb‡li Afve Zv‡K Zv mieivn K‡i Zv‡`i ˆbwZKZv I we‡eK‡K wK‡b †bqv nq| Gfv‡e gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRb‡K wPwýZ K‡i Zv cÖ‡qvRbxq mvgMÖx weZi‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q e¨w³Z¡‡K wK‡b †bqv Ges Kg© ¶gZv‡K c½y K‡i †`qvi †KŠkj w_IWi nvi‡Rj Bûw`ev` (Zionism) Gi KvÛvix Zvi The Jewish State (Bûw` ivóª) bvgK MÖ‡š’ D‡j(L K‡iwQ‡jb, msK‡Ui

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mg‡q Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡K GK GKRb wec(ex gRyi, wec(‡ei c‡¶i Aaxb¯— Kg©Pvix| Avi hLb Avgv‡`i DÌvb N‡U, Zvr¶wYK fv‡e DÌvb N‡U Avgv‡`i abfvÛv‡ii cÖPÛ cÖZvc|

11. wcivwgW w¯‹g- gvby‡li †jv‡fi AvwZkh¨‡K cyuwR K‡i MZ Pvi-cuvP `kK a‡i Pvjy n‡q‡Q wcivwgW w¯‹g bv‡g cÖZviYvi bZzb cÖKí| hvi cÖfv‡e me© vš— n‡q P‡j‡Q we‡k¦i eû‡jvK| GK ai‡bi Kz-Pµ †Mvwô mij A_P AwZ †jvfx e¨w³‡`i KvQ †_‡K fvIZv w`‡q ÔwcivwgWÕ w¯‹‡gi bv‡gi Avov‡j A_© AvZ¥mvr K‡i P‡j‡Q| A‡b‡KB mijZv, wbe©yw×Zv I †jv‡fi Ke‡j c‡o wcivwgW w¯‹‡gi duv‡` AvUKv c‡o m¤ú` nviv n‡q‡Q|

G ÔwcivwgWÕ w¯‹g wKQz wewb‡qvMKvix cÖwZôvb KZ…©K cwiPvwjZ nq| mvaviYZ Zviv cÖPwjZ †cbkb w¯‹‡gi †P‡q D”Pnv‡i gybvdv (my`) †NvlYv K‡i Ges RgvK…Z UvKv †_‡K Aí wKQzw`b D”Pnv‡i gybvdv †`q| d‡j µgvš‡q A‡bK wb‡e©va, †jvfx, AÁ gvbyl Zv‡`i mÂq GB w¯‹‡g Rgv iv‡L | G ai‡bi D”P jf¨vs‡ki †Uvc †`wL‡q Zviv RbmvaviY‡K cÖjyä K‡i A_© Rgv Ki‡Z _v‡K| Zv‡`i GB jf¨vs‡ki nvi †ekx nIqvi Kvi‡Y `ª“Z Zv cÖPvi cvq d‡j gvby‡li i‡³ jvjmvi †XD D_‡j I‡V Ges mvaviY gvbyl †ekx gybvdv jv‡fi Avkvq Zv‡`i mviv Rxe‡bi cwikª‡gi mwÂZ m¤ú` †jvfvZzi n‡q GLv‡b wewb‡qvM Kivi Rb¨ Suv‡K Suv‡K Qz‡U Av‡m| GB wewb‡qv‡M Zv‡`i A_© wcivwg‡Wi b¨vq cÖmvi ev D”PZv jvf Ki‡e Ggb GKwU aviYvi Rb¥ †bq| GB mKj w¯‹g K‡qK eQi Pvjv‡bvi ci cÖPzi A_© Rgv n‡j wewb‡qvM Av`vqKvix cÖwZôvbwU wb‡R‡`i e¨emv ¸wU‡q †bq Ges m¤ú~Y© Wye †g‡i DavI n‡q hvq A_ev AvB‡bi Avkª‡q wb‡R‡`i †`Dwjqv †NvlYv K‡i †mLvb †_‡K †K‡U c‡o| d‡j wewb‡qvMKvixiv gybvdv †Zv `y‡ii K_v g~jabB wPiZ‡i nvwi‡q †d‡j| G ai‡bi w¯‹g wiev| cÖvqkB G ai‡bi NUbv NU‡Z †`Lv hvq| GB NUbvi R¡jš— D`vniY Avj‡ewbqv| hv GKwU gymwjg cÖavb †`k!

12. jUvixÑ Avgiv GLb Ggb GK hy‡M evm KiwQ †hLv‡b mviv `ywbqv Ry‡o †emiKvix ch©v‡q †Zv e‡UB GgbwK miKviI RvZxq jUvixi bv‡g UvKv msMÖn K‡i P‡j‡Q| jUvix gv‡b mvaviY RbM‡Yi KvQ †_‡K cyi¯‹v‡ii †jvf †`wL‡q UvKv cqmv nvwZ‡q †bqv| wcivwgW w¯‹‡gi mv‡_ G mKj jUvix cÖKí A‡bKUvB mvgÄm¨c~Y©| KviY GLv‡bI gvbe g‡bi A`g¨ †jvf, AjxK B”Qv I ¯cœ‡K DcRxe¨ K‡i cÖZviYv Kiv nq| Mixe I ga¨weË †_‡K hLb †KD jUvixi cyi¯‹vi wR‡Z wb‡q nVvr K‡i AKíbxq iKg eo‡jvK n‡q hvq, ZLb Zv me©mvavi‡Yi gv‡S e¨vcK cÖPviYv Pvjv‡bv nq hv AZ¨waK †jvfvZzi cÖfve we¯—vi K‡i| nVvr eo‡jvK nevi †bkvq mevB †bkvMÖ ’ n‡q c‡o Avi jUvixi wUwKU wK‡b †m ¯‡cœ we‡fvi n‡q c‡o Kíbvi iv‡R¨ weivR K‡i|

108

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GQvovI eZ©gvb hy‡M Av‡iv A‡bK cÖKvi Kg©KvÛB wievi AvIZvq c‡o hvq hv e¨emvqx gnj Zvr¶wYKfv‡e wPwýZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ZvQvov bZzb bZzb †¶‡Î Awfbe iƒ‡c wievi AvZ¥cÖKvk N‡U P‡j‡Q| gymwjg D¤§vn&‡K GB wel‡q h‡_ó m‡PZb _vK‡Z n‡e Ges h_vm¤¢e GB mKj Kg©KvÛ cwinvi Kivi Dcvq I cÖ‡Póv m¤ú‡K© hZœevb n‡Z n‡e| Avi GB mKj Kg©KvÛ Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P mveavbZv Aej¤b Ki‡Z n‡e|

e¨vsK FY Ges wiev Avj-dv &j

A_© ev gy`ªv µq-weµq eZ©gv‡b e¨vsK n‡Z my`x FY †bqvi iƒc avib K‡i‡Q| GwU wievi Aš—M©Z| G ai‡bi wiev‡K wiev Avj-dv`&j ejv nq hv Bmjv‡g K‡Vvifv‡e wbwl×| bex (m) e‡j‡Qb, yB cÖKvi g~j¨evb avZz (†mvbv Ges iƒcv) Ges Pvi cÖKvi cY¨ ª‡e¨i (Mg, evwj©, †LRyi I jeb) G ai‡bi cY¨ wewbgq ev †jb‡`‡bi †¶‡Î GKBiKg| cY¨mg~‡ni †jb‡`b hw` nv‡Z nv‡Z Ges cwigv‡Y mgvb bv nq Z‡e wZwb Zv wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| GB AvB‡bi †h †Kvb cÖKvi jsNbB wiev|

Dev`v web mvwgZ (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: ¯‡Y©i wewbg‡q ¯Y©, †iŠ‡c¨i wewbg‡q †ivc¨, M‡gi wewbg‡q Mg, h‡ei wewbg‡q he, ‡LRy‡ii wewbg‡q †LRyi, jeY je‡Yi wewbg‡q mgvb mgvb Ges nv‡Z nv‡Z (bM`) n‡e| Aek¨ GB `ªe¨¸wj hw` GKUv AciUvi mv‡_ wewbgq nq (GKRvZxq cY¨ bv nq) †Zvgiv †hiƒc B”Qv wewµ Ki‡Z cvi hw` nv‡Z nv‡Z (bM‡`) nq| (mnxn gymwjg, 4:3918 c„:515)|

(G nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vi Rb¨ cieZx© nv`xmwU j¶¨ Ki“b|)

109

Avey mvC` Ly`ix (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyjyj(vn& (m) e‡j‡Qb: †mvbvi wewbg‡q †mvbv, iƒcvi wewbg‡q iƒcv, M‡gi wewbg‡q Mg, h‡ei wewbg‡q he, †LRy‡ii wewbg‡q †LRyi I je‡Yi wewbg‡q jeY mgvb mgvb Ges bM` bM` n‡Z n‡e| Gici †KD hw` AwZwi³ MÖnY K‡i Z‡e Zv wievq (my‡`) cwiYZ n‡e| Avi MÖnYKvix Ges cÖ`vbKvix mgvb †`v‡l †`vlx n‡e| (mnxn gymwjg, 4:3919, c„:515)|

Avey mvC` Ly`ix (iv) Ges Avey ûivBiv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyjyj;vn& (m) R‰bK e¨w³‡K Lvqev‡ii Avwgj (Znkxj`vi) wbhy³ Ki‡jb| †m Rvbxe bv‡gi DËg Rv‡Zi †LRyi wb‡q Dcw ’Z n‡j imyj (m) wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Lqev‡ii mKj †LRyiwK GKB †kªYxi? †m ejj, bv, Avj;vn&i Kmg, Bqv imyjyj;vn& GiKg bq| Avgiv `yÕmv Gi cwie‡Z© G †LRyi GK ÔmvÕ Ges wZb ÔmvÕ Gi cwie‡Z© `yÕmv µq K‡i _vwK| GK_v ï‡b imyj (m) ej‡jb GiKg Ki‡e bv| wbgœgv‡bi †LRyi bM` w`inv‡gi wewbg‡q wewµ Ki‡e| Zvici H w`invg w`‡q bM` g~‡j¨ Rvbxe †LRyi µq Ki‡e Ges Giƒc Ki‡e IRb †¶‡ÎI| (eyLvix, 4:2056 c„:88; I gymwjg, 3936 c„: 520)|

Avey mvC` Ly`ix (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb: GK`v eviwb RvZxq †LRyi wb‡q wejvj (iv) imyjyj;vn& (m) wbKU AvMgb Ki‡jb, imyj (m) Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, G¸wj †Kv‡Ì‡K G‡bQ? wejvj (iv) ej‡jb Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q wKQz wbgœ‡kªYxi †LRyi wQj, Avwg Zv †_‡K `yÔmvÕ w`‡q GK ÔmvÕ eviwb †LRyi wK‡bwQ| imyj (m) †K LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨| imyjyj;vn& (m) ej‡jb, mveavb! mveavb! G‡Zv wbwðZ wiev (my`) Giƒc K‡ivbv| eis hLb Zzwg DËg †LRyi µq Ki‡Z PvI, GUv wewµ K‡iv Ges Gi g~j¨ Øviv DËg †LRyi µq K‡iv| (gymwjg I eyLvix, 4:3938, c„:521)|

Avey mvC` Ly`ix (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb: imyjyj;vn& (mv) Gi Kv‡Q wKQz †LRyi wejvj (iv) Dcw ’Z n‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb, Avgv‡`i †LRyi A‡c¶v GB †LRyi‡Zv LyeB DËg, †Kv_v †_‡K Avb‡j G¸wj? wZwb ej‡jb, Bqv imyjyj;vn& Avgv‡`i `yÔmvÕ †LRyi GB (DËg) Rv‡Zi GK ÔmvÕi wewbg‡q wewµ K‡iwQ| imyj (m) ej‡jb, Avn&! G‡Zv cÖZ¨¶ wiev (my`)| G †dir w`‡q `vI, AZci Avgv‡`i †LRyi wewµ Ki Ges G RvZxq †LRyi Avgv‡`i Rb¨ µq Ki| (gymwjg, 4:3939)|

Bqvn&Bqv web mvC` (iv) e‡j‡Qb: imyjyj;vn& (m) mvÕ` †Mvôxi `yB mvnvex (iv)-†K MwYg‡Zi (hy‡×i cvIqv m¤úwË) mg¯— †mvbv I iƒcvi PvKwZ wewµ Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡jb| Zviv wZb PvKwZi wewbg‡q PviwU wewµ Ki‡jb| imyj (m) ZLb ej‡jb †Zvgiv wiev MÖnY K‡iQ G wewµ evwZj K‡i `vI| (gyIqvËv, Bgvg gvwjK)|

[Avey mvC` Ly`ix (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z: imyjyj;vn& (mv) `yB mvÕ`‡K e‡j‡Qb, Òmgv‡b mgvb Qvov †Zvgiv †mvbvi e`‡j †mvbv wewµ Ki‡e bv| GKwU AciwU Kg †ekx Ki‡e bv| mgvb mgvb Qvov †Zvgiv iƒcvi e`‡j iƒcv wewµ Ki‡e bv Ges GKwU

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AciwUi †P‡q Kg‡ekx Ki‡e bv| Avi GKR‡biwU bM` Ges AciR‡biwU evKx‡Z wewµ Ki‡e bv|Ó (eyLvix, 4:2037, c„:77)|]

gvwjK web AvIm web nvmvb Avj-bvmvwi eY©bv K‡i‡Qb: Avgvi GK kZ w`bvi‡K w`inv‡g cwieZ©b Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡qwQj| wZwb ej‡jb, Zvjnv web DevB`yj;vn& Avgv‡K †W‡K cvVv‡jb| (†mvbv I iƒcvi mv‡_ †mvbv I iƒcvi wewbg‡qi e¨vcv‡i) Avgiv ci¯ú‡i G e¨vcv‡i m¤§Z njvg| †m Avgvi KvQ †_‡K †mvbv nv‡Z wb‡q †mUv D‡ë cv‡ë †`L‡jv Ges ej‡jv Nvevn †_‡K Avgvi †÷vi wKcvi Avmv ch©š— A‡c¶v Ki| Dgi web LvËve Zv ï‡b †NvlYv w`‡jb, Avj;vni Kmg, UvKv bv cvIqv ch©š— †Zvgiv ci¯ú‡i wew”Qbœ n‡qv bv| AZci wZwb ej‡jb, imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, †mvbvi e`‡j iƒcvi wewbgq wiev, hw` bv Zv bM` †jb‡`b nq, M‡gi wewbg‡q Mg weµq wiev, hw` bv Zv nv‡Z nv‡Z †jb‡`b nq| †LRy‡ii cwie‡Z© †LRyi weµq wiev hw` bv Zv bM` †jb‡`b nq, evwj©i wewbg‡q evwj© weµq wiev hw` bv Zv bM` †jb‡`b nq, Ges je‡Yi e`‡j jeY weµq wiev, hw` bv Zv bM` †jb‡`b nq| (gyIqvËv, Bgvg gvvwjK)|

gvwjK web AvIm (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z: wZwb GKevi GK kZ w`bv‡ii wewbg‡q mvid (¯Y©-‡iŠ‡c¨i ci¯úi µq-weµq‡K mvid& e‡j) Gi Rb¨ †jvK LuyR‡Z jvM‡jb| ZLb Zvjnv web DevB yj;vn& (iv) Avgv‡K WvK w`‡jb| Avgiv wewbgq `ª‡e¨i cwigvY wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z _vKjvg, Ae‡k‡l wZwb Avgvi m‡½ mvid& Ki‡Z ivRx n‡jb Ges Avgvi †_‡K ¯Y©gy`ªvwU (w`bvi) wb‡q Zvi nv‡Z bvov-Pvov Ki‡Z Ki‡Z ej‡jb, Avgvi Kg©Pvix Nvevn (bvgK ’vb) n‡Z wd‡i Avmv ch©š— †Zvgv‡K A‡c¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| H mg‡q Dgi web LvËve Avgv‡`i Av‡jvPbv ïbwQ‡jb Ges wZwb e‡j DV‡jb Avj;vni Kmg Zvi (Zvjnvi) gy`ªv MÖnY bv Kiv ch©š— †Zvgiv wew”Qbœ n‡Z cvi‡ebv| †Kbbv imyj (mv) e‡j‡Qb, bM` bM` bv n‡j ¯‡Y©i e`‡j ¯Y© wewµ wiev| bM` bM` bv n‡j M‡gi e`‡j Mg wewµ wiev| bM` bM` Qvov h‡ei e`‡j he Ges †LRy‡ii e`‡j †LRyi wewµ wiev| (mnxn eyLvix, 4:2034, c„:75-76)|

Avey mwjn Avh-hvBq¨vZ (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb: Avey mvC` Ly`ix (iv) †K ej‡Z ïbjvg, w`bv‡ii e`‡j w`bvi Ges w`inv‡gi e`‡j w`invg (mgvb mgvb n‡j wewµ Kiv Aby‡gvw`Z)| G‡Z Avwg Zuv‡K ejjvg, Be&‡b AveŸvm (iv) †Zv Zv e‡jb bv? Dˇi Avey mvC` (iv) e‡jb, Avwg Zuv‡K (Be&‡b AveŸvm‡K) wR‡Ám Kijvg, Avcwb GUv bex (m) †_‡K ï‡b‡Qb bvwK Avj;vni wKZv‡e †c‡q‡Qb? wZwb DËi w`‡jb, Gi GKwUI Avwg `vex KiwQ bv| AvcbvivB †Zv Avgvi †P‡q bex (m) †K †ekx Rv‡bb| Aek¨ Avgv‡K Dmvgv web hvC` (iv) Rvwb‡q‡Qb, bex (m) e‡j‡Qb, evKx‡Z wewµ Qvov wiev †bB †mUv e¨vZxZ hLb GB †jb‡`b bM` bM` nqbv (A_v©r hLb †`ix‡Z g~j¨ cwi‡kva Kiv nq| (mnxn eyLvix, 4:2038, c„:78)|

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the United States of America twenty dollars in gold coins payable to the bearer on demand.

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Redeemable in lawful money at the United States Treasury, or at any Federal Reserve Bank.

BD Gm †KvlvMvi (Treasury) A_ev †h †Kvb †dWv‡ij wiRvf© e¨vs‡K AvBb m½Z gy`ªvq cwieZ©b‡hvM¨|

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B`vwbsKv‡ji BD Gm Wjv‡i wjLv _v‡K: This note is legal tender for all debts, public and private.

GwU miKvix ev †emiKvix me ai‡bi FY cwi‡kv‡a e¨eüZ wewae× cÖZ¨qY cÎ|

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c_åó gymwjg hviv my` Øviv gy`ªvùxwZi ¶wZc~iY nq e‡j ¯xKv‡ivw³ w`‡q my`‡K Bmjv‡g ˆea e‡j cÖPviYv Pvjvq, Zviv Zv‡`i åvš— c_ †_‡K wd‡i Avmvi Rb¨ hv Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv n‡jv, e¨vsK †_‡K Zviv †h FY †bq Zvi g~j¨ w`‡q KZUzKz ¯Y© †Kbv hvq Zv hvPvB K‡i †`Lv| AZci hLb FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z nq ZLb Av‡iKevi †mvbvi g~j¨gv‡b Zv wba©viY Kiv, hw` y‡qi g‡a¨ †Kvb Zdvr cwijw¶Z nq, †hgb cwi‡kva‡hvM¨ A_©, FYK…Z A‡_©i cwigvY †_‡K hw` AwaK nq, ZvB wiev| Avi GB wiev Bmjvwg AvB‡b wbwl× ev nvivg| Avgiv Av‡iv j¶ K‡i †`L‡Z cvwi imyj (m) †mvbvi wewbg‡q †mvbv mgvb mgvb K‡i †jb‡`b Kivi wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb| aiv hvK †Kvb GK FY`vZv 1989 mv‡j GKkZ ¯Y©gy`ªv (w`bvi) FY w`‡q‡Q| 1994 mv‡jI Zv‡K GKkZ ¯Y©gy`ªvB MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi AwaK GK cqmvI Av`vq K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡e bv| 1989 mv‡ji GKkZ w`bv‡ii g~j¨ nqZ 1994 mv‡ji g‡a¨ cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb 1994 mv‡j GKkZwU †mvbvi w`bvi w`‡q †h cwigvY Mg µq Kiv †hZ| †h †Kvb Kvi‡Y 1994 mv‡ji g‡a¨ M‡gi g~j¨ †e‡o †h‡Z cv‡i| hvi d‡j †m GKkZwU w`bvi w`‡q 1989 mv‡j †h cwigvY Mg µq Kiv m¤¢e wQj 1994 mv‡j †m cwigvY Mg µq Kiv nqZ hv‡e bv| Zv m‡Z¡I †mvbvi e`‡j †mvbv GB wbqgwUB ejeZ _vK‡e| GLb Avgv‡`i Rvbv-†evSvi mgq G‡m‡Q †h, gy`ªvùxwZ wb‡RB wievi Ab¨ GKwU iƒc| gy`ªvùxwZ GZB fqsKi wiev hv bxi‡e wbf„‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i gvby‡li mgy`q m¤ú` AvZ¥mvr K‡i †bq A_P gvbyl Zv eyS‡ZB cv‡i bv|

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imyj (m) Gi fwel¨ØvYx mZ¨ nIqvi c‡_ w`bKvj GwM‡q P‡j‡Q| eZ©gvb gy`ªvbxwZ †mvbv Drcv`‡b KvMR e¨envi Ki‡Q| GwU cÖZviYv, KviY Kv¸‡R gy`ªv wb‡RB wiev| Gevi Gi e¨vL¨v`vb Kiv hvK| ai“b Avcbvi `v`v GKkZ ¯Y©gy`ªv m¤ú` wn‡m‡e †i‡L 1971 mv‡j Bwš—Kvj Ki‡jb| hvi DËivwaKvi Avcwb, hv Avcbvi wkïKv‡j Avcbvi †_‡K †Mvcb K‡i ivLv n‡qwQj| cuwPk eQi ci, 1996 mv‡j Avcwb Avcbvi cÖvc¨ ¯Y©gy`ªv †diZ PvB‡jb| †h ev‡· GUv Rgv ivLv n‡qwQj †mUv Ly‡j GKkZ ¯Y©gy`ªv Avcbv‡K wdwi‡q †`qv n‡jv| GLv‡b Avcbvi A_© evoj bv Avevi Kg‡jvI bv eis AcwiewZ©Z †_‡K †Mj| GUvB Avmj gy`ªv hv gy`ªv wn‡m‡e mdjZvi mv‡_ Zvi wbR¯ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| GUvB gy`ªvi me‡P‡q ¸i“Z¡c~b© f~wgKv hv cvj‡b †m m¶g n‡q‡Q (Store of Value) g~j¨gv‡bi fvÛvi wn‡m‡e| gvbe BwZnv‡mi cÖwZwU ch©v‡qB ¯Y© wek¦ —Zvi mv‡_ Gfv‡eB wbR¯ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i P‡j‡Q|

A_ev aiv hvK, 1971 mv‡j hv‡`i Kv‡Q Avcbvi `v`v †m GKkZ w`bvi (¯Y©gy`ªv) Mw”QZ †i‡LwQj Zviv wm×vš— wbj gy ªv¸wj K…wÎg gy`ªvq e`‡j ivL‡e, †Kbbv Kv¸‡R gy`ªv w`bv‡ii †P‡q AwaK myweavRbK| ZvQvov Zviv BD Gm Wjv‡ii Av ’v I kw³i cÖfv‡e Zviv cÖfvweZ n‡qwQj| Zviv wek¦vm K‡iwQj †h, Wjv‡ii (gyw ªZ) `vex mwVK I wb‡f©Rvj-In God we trust A_©vr Avgiv cÖfy‡Z wek¦vm Kwi| Avi ZvB Zviv GKkZwU ¯Y©gy`ªv (GKkZ AvDÝ †mvbv) 1971 mv‡j BD Gm Wjv‡i iƒcvš—wiZ K‡i 3500 Wjvi †cj| Zviv GB UvKv Lye †Mvc‡b I mhZ‡b †i‡L w`j| GB UvKv wewb‡qvM KivI m¤¢e n‡jv bv KviY GKvR Ki‡Z Avcbvi `v`v wb‡la K‡i wM‡q‡Qb|

1996 mv‡j Avcwb Avcbvi A_©-m¤ú` †diZ PvB‡j Zviv Avcbv‡K 3500 BD Gm Wjvi †diZ w`‡jb| ZLb Avcbvi `v`v †h ¯Y©gy`ªv †i‡L wM‡q‡Qb Avcwb ZvB †diZ PvB‡jb| Zviv gy`ªv evRv‡i †Mj Wjvi¸wj †mvbvq iƒcvš—wiZ Kivi Rb¨| Avi ZLbI Zviv Wjv‡i wjLv ÔAvgiv cÖfy-‡Z wek¦vm KwiÕ GB `vexi Dci Av ’v †i‡LwQj| wKš‘ AZ¨š— `ytLRbK Ges nZvkvi e¨vcvi NUj †h, Zv‡`i‡K nZeyw× K‡i 3500 BD Gm Wjvi‡K iƒcvš—wiZ K‡i Zv‡`i‡K AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e gvÎ 8wU ¯Y©gy`ªv Zv‡`i nv‡Z Zz‡j w`j| Zv‡`i Pig ¶wZi m¤§yLxb K‡i GB cuwPk eQ‡i AZ¨š— †e`bv`vqK GB NUbvwU N‡U †Mj| Avi gy ªvùxwZi Kvi‡Y Avcbvi m¤ú‡`i 92% cuywRev`x A_©bxwZi Kv‡Q n¯—vš—i n‡q †Mj| cuwPk eQ‡i nvwi‡q †Mj Avcbvi 100wUi ga¨ †_‡K 92wU ¯Y©gy`ªv! gy`ªv wn‡m‡e Zvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Kv¸‡R A_© `viƒbfv‡e e¨_© nj| Kv¸‡R gy`ªv g~j¨gv‡bi fvÛvi wn‡m‡e wek¦ —Zvi

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mv‡_ `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡jvbv| Avcbvi 92% ¶wZ wQj g~jZ jyÚbKvix cuywRev`x‡`i 92% gybvdv| cuywRev`x jyÚbKvixiv Avcbvi m¤ú` †K‡o wb‡q Avcbv‡K wbtm K‡i w`j cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g| Avi GUvB wiev|

K…wÎg gy`ªv cÖK…Z gy`ªv †_‡K m¤ú~Y© Avjv`v| cÖK…Z gy`ªvi wbR¯ Aš—©wbwnZ g~j¨ Av‡Q wKš‘ K…wÎg gy`ªvi wbR¯ †Kvb g~j¨B †bB| K…wÎg gy`ªv we‡kl K‡i Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi g~j¨ Zv hv gy`ªv evRv‡ii ayi›`i cÖfvekvjx gnj gy`ªvi Dci Qvwc‡q †`q| Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi evRvi`i wbw`©ó cwigv‡Y ZZw`bB wUu‡K _vK‡e hZw`b evRv‡i Gi Pvwn`v _vK‡e| Avi Pvwn`v me© vB `yc‡¶i cvi¯úwiK m¤úK©, Av ’v I wek¦¯—Zvi Dci wbf©ikxj|

A_P eZ©gvb gy`ªvevRvi wbqwš¿Z nq we‡k¦i me©vwaK bxwZ weewR©Z cÖfvekvjx kw³¸wji gva¨‡g| †jvf I A‰bwZKZv †m kw³¸wji g~jab| GLv‡b wek¦ —Zv I †`k‡cÖ‡gi †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ †bB| ZvB †h †Kvb gyû‡Z©B gy ªv evRv‡ii Av ’v I wek¦ —Zv‡K wek„sLj I aŸsm K‡i w`‡q imyj (m) Gi fwelØvbx‡K m‡Z¨ cwiYZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

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wk‡ivbvg w`‡qwQ‡jb “Money melt down”, hv wjLv n‡qwQj gy`ªv evRv‡ii Dci|

Avgv‡`i fy‡j hvIqv DwPr bv Ges ev`evKx wek¦‡KI fy‡j †h‡Z †`qv hv‡e bv 1980 mv‡ji 21†k Rvbyqvix †h bvUKxq I bRxiwenxb aŸm †b‡gwQj BD Gm Wjv‡ii| hLb ¯‡Y©i wecix‡Z Wjv‡ii g~j¨ AvDÝ cÖwZ 850 Wjv‡i †b‡g wM‡qwQj| 1970 hvi g~j¨ wQj AvDÝ cÖwZ 35 Wjvi| Avi 1980 mv‡ji ¯‡Y©i g~j¨ `vovj AvDÝ cÖwZ cÖvq 380 Wjvi| 1997 mv‡j Gi g~j¨ 280-300 Wjv‡i DVvbvgv K‡iwQj Avi eZ©gv‡b Gi g~j¨ n‡qwQj 500 Wjvi| Wjv‡ii GB aŸm †b‡gwQj cwðgvwe‡ivax BmjvwgK Afy¨Ìv‡bi mdj RvMi‡Yi dj¯iƒc| hvi gva¨‡g Biv‡bi wekvj †Zj m¤ú‡`i wbqš¿Y ‰bwZKZv I ixwZ we‡ivax wek¦ e¨e ’v †_‡K wQwb‡q wb‡q BmjvwgK miKv‡ii nv‡Z Ac©Y Kiv n‡qwQj| Bivb miKvi wewae× wek¦ e¨e ’vi wei“‡× wQj KviY GUv M‡o D‡VwQj A-wbi‡c¶ wfwËi Dci| hv AvaywbK, mªóvwenxb BD‡ivcxq ag©wbi‡c¶ mf¨Zvi †_‡K D™¢yZ mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK wek¦e¨e ’v‡K cÖwZØw›`Zvi w`‡K AvnŸvb Rvbv‡”Q| †mvbvi `vg eZ©gvb ch©v‡q †h w ’wZkxjZv weivR Ki‡Q Zv †mB mKj bxwZgvjvi mdjZvi cÖwZdj| hvi cwiKíbv Kiv n‡qwQj Biv‡bi BmjvwgK Afy¨Ìvb‡K wbqš¿‡Y ivLvi Rb¨|

Biv‡bi BmjvwgK Afy¨ÌvbwU †Kb Avš—R©vwZK gy`ªvbxwZi aŸm‡K ûgKxi gyKvwejv K‡i? GB e¨vcv‡i gy ªvbxwZ we‡klÁiv G‡Kev‡iB wbie| Avi jy‡Uiv dvUKvevRx kw³¸wj hviv GB aŸm m¤ú‡K© c~e©vfvm †c‡qwQj Zviv Av‡iv AwaK wbðzc| †Kbbv Zviv imyj (m) Gi fwel¨ØvYx m¤ú‡K© fvj K‡iB RvbZ| ZvB Zviv kswKZ n‡q c‡owQj GB †f‡e †h K…wÎg gy`ªv aŸ‡m hvIqvi e¨cv‡i †m fwel¨Øvbx i‡q‡Q Zv nq‡Zv ev¯—eZvi iƒc jvf Ki‡Z hv‡”Q| Z‡e ev¯—‡e GUv wQj †m wbw`©ó Av¸‡bi cÖ_g SvcUv gvÎ, †h Av¸b †a‡q AvmwQj AwZ wbK‡U|

KvÛÁvbk~Y¨ I bxwZweewR©Z miKvi¸wj Øviv m„ó Kv¸‡R gy`ªv Qvov wØZxq Avi †Kvb gva¨g Øviv mvgwMÖKfv‡e GB `ywbqvi gvbyl wievi ms¯ú‡k© Avm‡Z cv‡i e‡j Avgiv g‡b Kwi bv| eZ©gvb Kv¸‡R gy`ªv Avi †m f~wgKv cvjb K‡i bv, hv wQj gy`ªv wn‡m‡e e¨env‡ii Rb¨ Avj(vn& m„ó g~j¨evb avZz A_©vr †mvbv ev iƒcvq cwieZ©b‡hvM¨ (Interchangable)|

Kv¸‡R gy`ªv Avm‡j g~j¨nxb KvMR Qvov Avi wKQzB bq| GB gy`ªv cyivcywifv‡eB GK cÖKvi K…wÎg m¤ú` Ges GUv wbwðZ kVZv I cÖZviYv| Avi cÖZviYvg~jK †jb‡`b hv gy³ I mywePvig~jK ¯”Q evRv‡ii KvVv‡gv‡K aŸsm K‡i †`q ZvB wiev| eZ©gvb kVZvc~Y© Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi mve©Rbxb cÖPjb (†h gy`ªv cÖK…Z g~‡j¨ iƒcvš—i †hvM¨ bq) Ges my`x A_© FY Av`vb cÖ vbB n‡jv AvaywbK cuywRev‡`i wfwË hv

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my`x FY †jb‡`‡bi gva¨‡g AvaywbK cuywRev` gvbeRvwZi Dci AvwacZ¨ we¯—vi K‡i‡Q| G mKj Kvi‡YB ejv hvq imyj (m) Gi wiev m¤úwK©Z fwel¨Øvbx ev¯—eZvq cwiYZ n‡Z P‡j‡Q| Aek¨ BwZg‡a¨B Kv‡iv Kv‡iv RxeÏkvq GB fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—‡e cwiYZ n‡q‡Q G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB| Avey ûivBivn& (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb:

gvbeRvwZi Dci Ggb GKUv mgq Avm‡e hLb GKwU †jvKI wievi e¨envi n‡Z †invB cv‡e bv| †m mivmwi wiev bv †L‡jI my‡`i ayjv ev ev¯ú Zvi Kv‡Q †cŠuQ‡e| (Avng`, Avey `vD`, bvmvC, Be&‡b gvRvn&)|

D‡j(L¨ †h, Dmgvbxq wLjvdvn& wejyß nIqvi c~e© ch©š— wiev I kVZvc~Y© K…wÎg Kv¸‡R gy`ªv n‡Z gymwjg wek¦ myiw¶Z wQj| 1924 mv‡j Dmgvbxq wLjvdvn&i wejywß NU‡j ag©wbi‡c¶ev‡`i welv³ ixwZbxwZ I A_© e¨e ’v Bmjvwg wLjvdvn&i ’jvwfwl³ nq| d‡j eb¨v c~e©eZx© euv‡ai Øvi Ly‡j †`qvi gZB cvðvZ¨ nvIqv I

kqZvbx Kg©KvÛ gymwjg D¤§vni Dci Suvwc‡q c‡o cuywRev`x A_© e¨e ’vi †jevm avib K‡i| hv †MvUv we‡k¦i gy³ evRvi‡K `ybx©wZMÖ ’ I Aw ’wZkxj K‡i †Zv‡j| `ybx©wZ G‡m ïay gy³ evRvi‡K aŸsm K‡i w`‡q †m kw³ †_‡g _v‡Kwb eis cÖjqsKvix `vb‡ei †e‡k Xy‡K c‡o‡Q wek¦gvbeZvi gb-gMR I †`nvf¨š—‡i| ZvB hLbB my‡hvM Avm‡e, gy³ evRvi‡K cybivq wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ Bmjvwg Av‡›`vj‡bi D‡`¨vM wb‡Z n‡e| Avi gy³ evRvi cybi“×v‡i GKvš—fv‡e cÖ‡qvRb n‡e †mvbv‡K gy`ªv wewbg‡qi gva¨g wn‡m‡e cybtcÖeZ©b Kivi| K…wÎg gy ªvi aŸm bvgvi e¨vcv‡i imyj (m) Gi fwel¨ØvYx ïay gy‡L gy‡L AvIov‡bvi g‡a¨ mxgve× ivL‡j Pj‡e bv eis e¨vcviwU AwZ mZK©Zv I weP¶YZvi mv‡_ we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e A_©bxwZi cÖwZwU ch©v‡q|

wgK`vg web gvÕAvw`Kvwie (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z: wZwb imyj (m) †K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb, Ògvby‡li gv‡S Ggb hyM Aek¨B Avm‡e hLb w`bvi I w`invgB ïay Kv‡R jvM‡e| (Avngv`)|

G nv`xm †_‡K †evSv hv‡”Q, imyj (m) Gi fwel¨ØvYx K‡ZvUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©, †Kbbv, c(vw÷K, B‡jKUªwbK I Kv¸‡R gy`ªv wfwËK A_©bxwZ GKw`b aŸsm n‡q hv‡e| †mw`b Avi Kv¸‡R UvKvi †Kvb g~j¨B _vK‡e bv| d‡j Kv¸‡R gy`ªv g~j¨nxb KvM‡RB cwiYZ n‡q hv‡e|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv 1973-74 mv‡j GB Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi kVZvc~Y© AvPiY Avgv‡`i‡K ey‡S †bqvi my‡hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb| 1971 mv‡ji AvM÷ gvm ch©š— we‡`kx miKvi¸wji Aby‡gv`‡bi d‡j AvDÝ cÖwZ 35 BD Gm Wjvi nv‡i ¯Y© wewbgq‡hvM¨ wQj (Bretton Woods Agreement Abyhvqx)| 1970 mvj ch©š— †mŠ`x Avie

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hw` †Zj wewµi 35 wewjqb Wjvi Rgv K‡i bv †i‡L Wjvi¸wj †mvbvq iƒcvš—i K‡i ivL‡Zv, Zvn‡j †mŠ`x Avie †`L‡Z †cZ †h Gi g~j¨ GK wewjqb AvDÝ †mvbv †Kbbv Bretton Woods Pzw³ e‡j gy`ªv wewbg‡qi nvi wQj cÖwZ 35 Wjv‡i 1 AvDÝ †mvbv| A_P Bretton Woods Pzw³i cÖwZ Av ’v †i‡L †mŠ`x miKvi Wjvi¸wj †mvbvq iƒcvš—i bv KivUvB †kªq g‡b K‡iwQj|

1971 mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡m BD Gm miKvi Afbe c×wZ‡Z Bretton Woods Pzw³ †_‡K m‡i Avm‡jv Ges Wjvi ¯‡Y© cwieZ©b Kivi `vq`vwqZ¡ Zz‡j wbj| 1973 mv‡ji †k‡li w`‡K wgkixq ˆmb¨iv BmivCj Avµgb K‡i cÖv_wgKfv‡e D‡j(L‡hvM¨ weRq jvf Ki‡jv| Bmjvg‡K aŸsm Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ hy‡×i †gvo Nywi‡q †`qvi Rb¨ BD Gm miKvi BmivCj‡K ch©vß A ¿ mieivn Kivi Rb¨ GKwU AvKvk-‡mZz (air bridge) ’vcb Kij| d‡j †Z‡ji evwYR¨ †_‡K BD Gm †K eqKU Kivi ga¨ w`‡q gymwjg wek¦ Zv‡`i Zxeª cÖwZwµqv e¨³ Ki‡jv| G‡Z cuywRev`x †kqvi evRv‡i GK gvivZ¥K †kvPbxq Ae ’vi m„wó n‡jv Ges BD Gm Wjv‡ii g~j¨ ivZvivwZ K‡g †Mj| d‡j 1 AvDÝ †mvbvi `vg 35 Wjv‡ii cwie‡Z© n‡q †Mj 160 Wjvi| Z‡e Av‡gwiKv‡K eqKU (GKN‡i) Kivi cÖ‡Póvq †bZ…Z¡ v‡bi Rb¨ †mŠ`x Avie‡K †h g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡qwQj, Zv n‡jv, Wjv‡ii aŸm bvgvi mv‡_ mv‡_B †mŠ`x Avi‡ei GK wewjqb AvDÝ ¯Y© nVvr K‡iB ev‡¯úi gZ D‡e (DavI) †Mj| d‡j Zv‡`i Kv‡Q hv iBj Zv wQj, gvÎ cÖvq 220 AvDÝ (GK wgwjqb AvDÝ †_‡K K‡g) ¯‡Y©i gZ| KviY †mŠ`x miKvi Zv‡`i †Zj wewµi A_© Wjv‡i Rgv K‡i †i‡LwQj| d‡j cÖvq 400 wgwjqb AvDÝ †mvbvi g~j¨ (Wjv‡ii `vg K‡g hvIqvi d‡j) ev¯ú n‡q evZv‡m wgwj‡q †Mj| †mŠ`x Avie Ges gymwjg wek¦‡K Av‡iv eo ai‡bi g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡qwQj hLb ev`kvn& dqmvj (Avj(vn Zuvi Dci ing Ki“b) ¸ß NvZ‡Ki nv‡Z wbnZ nb| hv wQj wek¦ evwYR¨ †K‡› ªi †evgv nvgjvi gZB GKwU we¯§qKi NUbv| Avi GUv wQj wb‡`©vl AÜ wgkixq †kL Avãyi ingv‡bi wRnv`x Av‡›`vjb‡K _vwg‡q †`qvi Zxeª †e`bv`vqK GKwU c`‡¶c|

Rvbyqvix 1989, Biv‡bi Bmjvwg Afy¨Ìv‡bi mgq †mvbvi `vg GK jv‡d †e‡o wM‡qwQj AvDÝ cÖwZ 850 Wjv‡i| A_©vr BD Gm Wjv‡ii g~j¨ j¶¨bxqfv‡e K‡g hvIqvq ¯‡Y©i g~j¨ n‡qwQj AvDÝ cÖwZ 850 Wjvi| †mŠ`x Avie hw` 1970 mv‡j 35 wewjqb Wjvi g~‡j¨i †Zj wewµ K‡i _v‡K Ges g‡b K‡i _v‡K †h Zv‡`i A‡_©i g~j¨ GK wewjqb AvDÝ ¯‡Y©i mgvb, Z‡e 1989 mv‡ji Rvbyqvix gv‡m Nyg †_‡K †R‡M D‡V †`L‡e †h, Zv‡`i 96% ¯Y© DavI n‡q wM‡q‡Q| Avi Zv‡`i 35 wewjqb Wjvi, GK wgwjqb AvD‡Ýi gvÎ GK PZz_©vsk †mvbv wKb‡Z m¶g| GUv LyeB we¯§qKi †h Kw_Z BmjvwgK ¯‹jviMY hviv wiev wel‡q we‡klÁ e‡j `vex K‡ib, Zviv Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi Aš—©wbwnZ wiev‡K wPb‡ZB cvi‡Qb bv|

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eZ©gv‡b BD Gm Wjv‡i †jb‡`b nq ¯‡Y©i AvDÝ cÖwZ cÖvq 500 Wjv‡i| Avgv‡`i g‡Z gymwjg wek¦ hw` Zv‡`i †Zj m¤ú‡`i wbqš¿Y cybi“×vi Ki‡Z Pvq, Avi ZviI Av‡M hw` †Z‡ji wewbgq g~j¨ ¯Y©gy`ªvq cwi‡kv‡ai `vex Rvbvq, Zvn‡j BD Gm Wjv‡ii g~j¨gv‡b Pig aŸm bvg‡e| †hgb aŸm †b‡gwQj 1974 Ges 1989 mv‡j| gymwjg D¤§vn& †hb †mw`‡bi AvMgb ch©š— A‡c¶v bv K‡i, †hw`b gy ªvùxwZ bvgK cÖKvÛ kVZvi ev¯—eZv AvNvZ †n‡b Zv‡`i RvwM‡q Zzj‡e, Avi eyS‡Z cvi‡e †h Kv¸‡R gy`ªv e¨env‡ii cwiYwZ| gymwjg‡`i Aš—Z cÖK…Z gy`ªv (w`bvi, w`invg) cybtcÖPj‡b wd‡i hvIqvi †Póv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z n‡e|

Ae‡k‡l BbkvAvj(vn& Bgvg gvn`x (Av) Gi AvMg‡bi ga¨ w`‡q `vi“j Bmjvg cybtcÖwZwôZ n‡e| AZci †m GjvKvi evRvi¸wj‡Z Ki‡Z n‡e cÖK…Z gy`ªvi cybcÖPjb| Av‡gwiKvi wKQz ivRbxwZwe`, mv‡qw›U÷ (weÁvbx) Ges A_©bxwZwe`‡`iI GKB j¶¨ i‡q‡Q| Zviv Pvb Bretton Woods Gi gZ AviI GKwU Avš—R©vwZK Pzw³i gva¨‡g gy`ªv evRv‡ii w ’wZkxjZv wd‡i AvmyK| e¨w³MZfv‡e Avwg wek¦vm Kwi gy`ªvi cÖwZ Av ’v wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ †h cwigvY ˆbwZKZv cÖ‡qvRb Zvi Aw¯—Z¡ cwðgv mgv‡R AvR Avi Aewkó †bB| e ‘Z ZrKvjxb wek¦ gv`Bqvbevmx‡`i kVZvc~Y© A_©bxwZi cÖPjb cÖZ¨¶ K‡iwQj| hvi gy‡LvgyLx n‡qwQ‡jb ïAvBDe (Av)| gvw`qvbevmx‡`i D‡Ïk¨ K‡i ejv n‡qwQj:

Avi gvw`qvbevmx‡`i cÖwZ Avgiv Zv‡`i fvB ïAvBÕe‡K cvwV‡qwQ| wZwb ej‡jb, †n Avgvi RvwZi †jvKmKj| †Zvgiv Avj;vni Bev`Z Ki, wZwb Qvov †Zvgv‡`i †Kvb Bjvn †bB| wbðqB †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q †Zvgv‡`i i‡ei c¶ †_‡K my¯úó `jxj cÖgvY G‡m‡Q| AZGe †Zvgiv IRb I cwigvc c~Y©gvÎvq Ki| †jvK‡`i Zv‡`i cY¨ Kg w`Ibv Ges hgx‡b d¨vmv` m„wó K‡ivbv| †h‡nZz ms‡kvab I ms¯‹vi m¤ú~Y© n‡q wM‡q‡Q, hw` †Zvgiv gyÕwgb n‡q _vK| (m~iv AvÔivd, 7:85)|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv gv`Bqvbevmx‡`i cÖPÛ GK f~wgK‡¤úi gva¨‡g aŸsm K‡i w`‡q Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i Nievoxi g‡a¨B g„Z Ae ’vq †d‡j †i‡LwQ‡jb| Avi m~iv Avj Kvn&d-G Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv mZK© K‡i w`‡q‡Qb †h, wZwb cÖZviYvc~Y© wievwfwËK cuywRev` m„ó AvR‡Ki we‡k¦iI GKB cwiYwZ NUv‡eb|

wbwðZB hv wKQz GB hgx‡bi ey‡K cq`v K‡iwQ, Zv K‡iwQ Zv‡K (hgxb‡K) †kvfv ea©‡bi Rb¨| hv‡Z K‡i Avwg hvPvB K‡i †`L‡Z cvwi Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Avg‡j ev Kv‡RK‡g© †K DËg| AZci GB hgx‡b hv wKQz Av‡Q Zv (aŸsm K‡i w`‡q) Dw™¢`k~Y¨ gvwU‡Z cwiYZ K‡i w`e| (m~iv Kvn&d, 18:7-8)

gy`ªvùxwZi ¶wZc~iY Kivi evnvbvq wiev‡K AvBb wm× e‡j †h mKj hyw³ Dc ’vcb Kiv nq Zv Avm‡j wg_¨v, ev‡bvqvU I aŸsmvZ¥K| GB hyw³ GZB wec¾bK †h, †h mKj Kw_Z BmjvwgK ¯‹jviMY wiev‡K Bmjv‡g ˆea e‡j hyw³ Lvov K‡i d‡Zvqv

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w`‡q‡Qb, Zviv Zv‡`i wbixn †glcvj‡K (†fovi cvj) mivmwi †bK‡oi gy‡L †V‡j w`‡”Qb| Gme †foviƒcx gymwjg RbMY Ges ivLvjiƒcx ¯‹jviMY †hb Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b‡K fq K‡i| e ‘Z hviv †bZv‡`i Øviv fyj I †Mvgivnxi c‡_ cwiPvwjZ n‡q P‡j‡Q| d‡j Rvnvbœvg hv‡`i ’vqx wVKvbv n‡q †Mj Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K© Avj-KyiÕAvb †NvlYv w`‡q‡Q: Gfv‡e hLb me †jvK¸wj (Rvnvbœv‡g) `vwLj n‡q GKwÎZ n‡e, ZLb cÖ‡Z¨K cieZx© `j Zvi c~e©eZx© `j m¤ú‡K© ej‡e †n Avgv‡`i ie, Gme †jv‡KivB Avgv‡`i‡K wec_Mvgx K‡iwQj| Kv‡RB G‡`i‡K Avcwb wظY kvw¯— w`b| (m~iv AvÔivd, 7:38)|

m¤§vwbZ cvVK j¶¨ Ki“b, †bZv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i wkl¨iv `ywbqvq KZ m¤§v‡bi Avm‡b ewm‡q iv‡L| A_P c_åó †bZv‡`i Øviv cwiPvwjZ Rvnvbœvgxiv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi `iev‡i gvgjv Vy‡K w`‡e Avi `iLv¯— †ck Ki‡e fyj c‡_ Pvjv‡bvi `v‡q †hb Rvnvbœv‡g Zv‡`i kvw¯— wظY evwo‡q †`qv nq| e ‘Z c_åóZv I †Mvgivnxi cwiYwZ G iKgB n‡q _v‡K| ¯Y©gy`ªvi cybtcÖPj‡bi gva¨‡g gy`ªvi b¨qcivqYZv I Av ’v wdwi‡q Avbvi cÖwµqvq mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© ¸i“Z¡ †`qv hv‡e ZLbB ïaygvÎ hLb gymwjgiv †`k cwiPvjbvi ¶gZv wbqš¿Y Ki‡e| †Kbbv ¯^Y© gy`ªvi gvwjKvbv AR©b Ges wb‡Ri Kv‡Q ¯Y© a‡i ivLvi AwaKvi nq‡Zv GKw`b †K‡o †bqv n‡e| d‡j mvaviY gvbyl Avi †mvbvi gy`ªv Rwg‡q wb‡Ri Kv‡Q ivL‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avi eZ©gv‡b ZvB n‡q‡Q| mKj ¯Y©gy`ªv miKvi †K‡o wb‡q‡Q| D`vniY¯iƒc ejv hvq 1933 mv‡j GB ¯Y©gy`ªv msi¶‡Yi ¯vaxbZv cÖkvmwbKfv‡e jywÚZ n‡qwQj| wjsKb GKBfv‡e wmwfj Iqvi (Civil War) Gi mgq ¯Y©gy`ªv RbMYØviv msi¶‡Yi AwaKvi †K‡o wb‡qwQ‡jb| Dciš‘ BD Gm msweavb ¯v¶‡ii c~‡e© cici yÕevi GB AwaKvi †K‡o †bqv n‡qwQj|

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G AvBb bv gvbvi kvw¯— nj 10 eQ‡ii Kviv`Û A_ev 10000 BD Gm Wjvi A_© Û A_ev Dfq `Û|

RvZxq msK‡U miKv‡ii cZb NUvI A¯vfvweK wKQz bq| g~jZ wn‡m‡e mgšqmvab Kiv Ges ˆe‡`wkK evwYR¨‡K Ae¨vnZ Ges w ’wZkxj ivL‡Z n‡j miKvix Znwe‡j h‡_ó A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb nq| wKš‘ wKfv‡e GB Avw_©K msK‡Ui mgvavb Kiv hvq? me‡P‡q †kªô c×wZ n‡jv mKj cÖvc¨ g~j¨evb m¤ú` RbMY †_‡K nvwZ‡q wb‡q †m¸wji Rb¨ cybivq †ekx g~j¨ avh© Kiv| hvi GKwU R¡jš— D`vniY †ck Kiv njÑ

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1933 mv‡j BD Gm Gi FDA cÖkvmb mKj ch©v‡qi †emiKvix ¯Y© ev‡Rqvß K‡i Ges miKvi ¯‡Y©i AvDÝ cÖwZ 20.27 Wjvi cwi‡kva Kivi e¨e ’v K‡i| weÁwßwU †hiƒc wQj Zvi bgybv †ck Kiv n‡jvÑ

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hLbB mKj †mvbv Zv‡`i n¯—MZ n‡q †M‡jv BD Gm miKvi †NvlYv †`q †h GLb †_‡K †mvbvi bZzb g~j¨ AvDÝ cÖwZ 35 Wjvi hv cÖvq 70 fvM e„w×, Gfv‡eB BD Gm miKvi, RbM‡Yi KvQ †_‡K m¤ú` AvZ¥mvr I jyÚb K‡i wb‡R‡`i msK‡Ui mgvavb K‡iwQj| GUvB wiev| Bmjvwg miKvi, Bmjvwg AvBb weavb Abyhvqx hZw`b cwiPvwjZ n‡qwQj RbMY ZLb GiKg hyjyg I cÖZvwiZ n‡qwQj e‡j cÖgvY cvIqv hvqwb|

eZ©gvb wiev wek¦, K…wÎg gy`ªvi cÖPj‡bi Kvi‡Y kqZvbx hy‡Mi cÖZ¨veZ©b cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡Q| hv m~iv Avj Kvn&d G ewY©Z Av‡Q| †mLv‡b K‡qKRb gyÕwgb hye‡Ki K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| hviv hyjy‡gi wkKvi n‡q PjwQj Ggb GK ¶gZvai kw³ Øviv, hv‡`i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Dci Cgvb wQj bv| gywZ©c~Rvmn eûwea wki&K G †h mgvR AvKÚ Wy‡e wQj| †Zgwb AvR‡Ki wek¦I me©kw³gvb Avj(vn& †K ev` w`‡q m‡e©v”P ¶gZvi AwaKvix wn‡m‡e ivóª, msweavb, msm`, m‡eŸ©v”P Av`vjZ, RvwZmsN,

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cÖwZi¶v cwil` Av‡iv KZ wK m„wó K‡i wb‡q‡Q| m~iv Kvn&d G ewb©Z hyMI wQj GiKgB GK wki&K-Kzd‡ii hyM! †mKvi‡Y wb‡R‡`i Cgvb myi¶vi Rb¨ m~iv Kvn&d G ewY©Z hye‡Kiv ¸nvq cvwj‡q wM‡q AvZ¥i¶v K‡iwQj| †hLv‡b Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i‡K †mŠi eQ‡ii wZbkZ eQi GgbwK Av‡iv AwaK mgq (Avj(vnB fvj Rv‡bb) Nyg cvwo‡q †i‡LwQ‡jb| hLb wZwb Zv‡`i RvwM‡q Zzj‡jb, ZLb Zviv ¶zavi Zvobv Abyfe Ki‡jv| ¶zavi Kvi‡Y Zviv Zv‡`i GK m½x‡K wKQz nvjvj Lvev‡ii mÜv‡b evRv‡i cvVv‡jv| wKš‘ hye‡Kiv Lvevi wKb‡Z †h gy ªv wb‡q wM‡qwQj Zvi D‡j(L Ki‡Z †h‡q KyiÕAv‡b ÔIqvwiw°KzgÕ kãwU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| GB k‡ãi mve©Rbxb A_© n‡jv †iŠc¨gy`ªv| GgbI n‡Z cv‡i GUv ÔIqviv°Õ (Kv¸‡R gy`ªv) Gi cÖwZ Bw½Z K‡i‡Q| GB Cw½Z wb‡`©k Ki‡Q †h eZ©gvb Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi D™¢veb m~iv Kvn&‡d ewY©Z AKj¨vYKi kqZvbx hy‡Mi cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi Avfvm| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvB fvj Rv‡bb!

cwi‡k‡l ej‡ZB nq, Kv¸‡R gy`ªv wiev| Avi GUv gvby‡li K‡Vvi kª‡gi gva¨‡g AwR©Z m¤ú` Ges Avj(vni †`qv wih&K †K‡o †bqvi me©‡kªô gva¨g|

128

`dvq `dvq g~j¨ e„w× Ges gy`ªvùxwZi weeiY-

January 1980 -$1 = Tk. 15.59

January 1985 Tk. 26.00

January 1990 Tk. 32.27

January 1991 Tk. 35.79

January 1995 Tk. 40.24

January 1996 Tk. 40.89

January 2001 Tk. 54.01

January 2002 Tk. 57.14

January 2003 Tk. 58.09

January 2004 Tk. 58.75

January 2005 Tk. 60.02

Sept. 2005 Tk. 65.60

June 2006 Tk.

Source –

�OTES OF CHAPTER FOUR

1. Muhammad Asad, ‘The Message of the Qur`an’. Op. Cit. Footnote No. 35 to verse 30:39

2. Quoted by Misbahul Islam Faruqi in: ‘Jewish Conspiracy and the Muslim World’, published by the author in Karachi, 1971.

3. Milton Friedman, “Quantity Theory of Money” in ‘The new Palgrave’: Money’, ed. John Eatwell, Murray Milgate,and Peter Newman, New York:Norton, 1989. p. 28

4. Thomas Jefferson, ‘Writings’, New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 1984. p. 1391

129

5. Quoted in Ron Paul and Lewis Lehrman, ‘The Case for Gold: A Minority Report of the US Gold Commission”. Washington D. C.: Cato Institute, 1982. p.1.

6. Judy Shelton, ‘Money Meltdown : Restoring Order to the Global Currency System’. (The Free Press. NY. 1994).

130

cÂg Aa¨vq: wiev (my`) msµvš— †gŠwjK Av‡jvPbv

wievi Kivj MÖv‡m mviv ywbqv †Q‡q †M‡Q| we‡k¦i GKwU gvbylI wievi aŸsmvZ¥K Avµgb †_‡K †invB cvqwb| wievi GB welv³ †Qvej †_‡K gyw³ cvIqvi ïaygvÎ GKwU c_B †Lvjv Av‡Q, Avi Zv n‡jv GKvZ¥Zv †NvlYvi gva¨‡g cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi wiev eR©‡bi ˆec(weK Av‡›`vj‡b mivmwi kwiK nIqv| wiev eR©‡bi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi kwiK nIqvi gva¨‡g Avkv Kiv hvq, BbkvAvj(vn& Zviv Zv‡`i nviv‡bv Cgv‡bi wKQz Ask n‡jI wd‡i cv‡e| Avi †mB mv‡_ cybiƒ×vi m¤¢e n‡e `vi“j Bmjvg| mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© eZ©gv‡b `vi“j Bmjv‡gi Aw¯—Z¡ †h‡nZz ywbqvi †Kv_vI †bB, †m‡nZz m‡›`nvZxZfv‡eB ejv hvq gvbeRvwZ Avevi wd‡i wM‡q‡Q †mB mßg kZvwãi cÖvK-wnhiZ Z_v Rvwnwjqv‡Zi hy‡M| †eva-eyw× I Aš—© „wó m¤úbœ †h †Kvb gymwjg, AbymÜvbx `„wó †g‡j ZvKv‡jB Rvwnwjqv‡Zi mKj Kg©cš’v I AvPvi AvPi‡Yi hveZxq cÖgvY cv‡eb|

eZ©gvb msKU gyKvwejvq gymwj‡gi cÖavb j¶¨ nIqv DwPr mgwóMZ A`g¨ cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g g°v n‡Z g`xbv wnhi‡Zi †m c_ wØZxqev‡ii gZ AwZµg Kiv|

gymwjgiv KL‡bv †Kvb f~LÛ ev GjvKv Rq K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡j Zr¶bvr wievi Kivj MÖvm †_‡K wb‡R‡`i‡K euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ †h c`‡¶c¸wj †bqv evÃbxq Zv n‡jvÑ

1. jvf ev †h‡Kvb Aš—©wbwnZ myweav Av`v‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ FY`vb Ges e¨emvi mv‡_ RwoZ mKj cÖKvi my`x †jb‡`‡bi AvBbMZ ˆeaZvi welq¸wj m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c evwZj Kiv‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z K‡i FY`vZv e¨w³, †Mvwô ev ms ’v †KDB FYMÖnxZv‡K F‡Yi wecix‡Z wiev ev my` Av`v‡q eva¨ Ki‡Z wKsev †Kvb cÖKvi AvBbMZ e¨e ’v wb‡Z bv cv‡i|

2. evKx‡Z †jb‡`‡b FY-MÖnxZv‡K FYMÖnYKv‡j evRvi`i A‡c¶v AwaK g~j¨ cwi‡kv‡a Pzw³e× nIqv wKsev c~‡e©B Pzw³ n‡q _vK‡j GB A‰ea Pzw³i Rb¨ FY MÖnxZvi wei“‡× †Kvb AvBbMZ e¨e ’vMÖn‡Yi wewaweavb wejyß Kiv|

3. µq-weµq, e¨emv-evwYR¨ I Ab¨vb¨ mKj cÖKvi Avw_©K †jb‡`‡bi GKgvÎ gva¨g wn‡m‡e w`bvi (¯Y©gy`ªv) I w`inv‡gi (†iŠc¨gy`ªv) cybivq cÖPjb Kiv| w`bvi I w`invg Avw_©K †jb‡`‡bi GKgvÎ gy`ªv wn‡m‡e Pvjy Kiv m¤¢e n‡j, w`bgRyi †_‡K ïi“ K‡i mKj Kg©KZ©v Kg©Pvix Ges mKj †mev cÖ vbKvixMY g~j¨nxb Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi e`‡j wbR wbR cvwikªwgK †mvbv ev iƒcvi gy`ªvqB `vex Ki‡Z Ges Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡e| e¨emvqx I †mev cÖ vbKvix gnj cÖ‡qvR‡b Zv‡`i

131

Kg©m¤úv`‡bi Pzw³ cybtwe‡ePbv ev ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi my‡hvM msi¶Y Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Bmjvwg ivóª¸wjI „óvš— ’vc‡bi j‡¶¨ Avš—R©vwZK e¨emv I Avw_©K †jb‡`‡bi †¶‡Î Wjvi cvD‡Ûi cwie‡Z© ¯Y© I †iŠc¨gy`ªv e¨env‡ii `vex Rvbv‡Z cvi‡e|

4. mv`vKv I Ki&‡h nvmvbv cÖ v‡b DrmvwnZKiY, hvKvZ Av`v‡q eva¨evaKZv Ges wejvwmZv I AcPq †iva K‡i KyiÕAvb-mybœvn&i Av‡jv‡K Ggb AvBb weavb cÖYqb Kiv hv‡Z wiev ev my`x A_©bxwZ wejywßKiY m¤¢e nq| ïay AvBb-weavb cÖYqb K‡i ¶vš— n‡jB Pj‡e bv eis cÖYxZ AvBb-weavb Agvb¨Kvix‡`i wei“‡× `„óvš—g~jK kvw¯—`v‡bi e¨e ’v Kiv|

evwYwR¨K e¨vsK¸wj hLb Avi my‡`i wewbg‡q FY †`qvi L‡Ïi (K¬v‡q›U) Luy‡R cv‡e bv, A_©vr my`x e¨emvq wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv ZLb Zviv †Lvjv evRv‡i Zv‡`i A_© wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡e| hLbB e¨vsKmg~n evRvi I cÖK…Z evwY‡R¨ Zv‡`i A_© wewb‡qvM Ki‡e ZLb mvwe©Kfv‡e e¨emvq evwY‡R¨ I cY¨evRv‡i ˆbwZKZv, mywePvi, mZZv, wbôv, m¤ú„³Zv cÖwZwôZ n‡e Ges e¨emvwqK †¶‡Î M‡o DV‡e GK my›`i, ¯v ’ Ki I ˆelg¨nxb cÖwZ‡hvwMZv| d‡j, GKw`‡K †hgb c‡Y¨i gvb DbœZ n‡e, Ab¨w`‡K `ªe¨g~j¨I K‡g wM‡q mvaviY gvby‡li µq ¶gZvi mxgvi g‡a¨ P‡j Avm‡e|

‡mvbv-iƒcvi gy ªv cÖPjb n‡j Kv¸‡R gy ªv Zvi g~j¨ nvwi‡q †dj‡e| G‡Z me‡P‡q †ekx jvfevb n‡e nZ-`wi ª mvaviY RbMY hv‡`i Kv‡Q †Kvb Kv¸‡R gy ªv Rgv _v‡K bv| Aek¨ G‡Z K‡i †jvfx abKz‡ei e¨emvqx m¤cÖ vq I Nyl‡Lvi Amr †jvK‡`i weivU ¶wZ n‡e KviY Zv‡`i e¨vsK GKvD‡›U ZLb Avi KvwoKvwo A_© Rg‡e bv Avi Zviv UvKvi cvnvoI M‡o Zzj‡Z cvi‡e bv|

FY Ges A_©‰bwZK mybœvn

hZw`b bv `vi“j Bmjvg cybtcÖwZwôZ n‡e, ZZw`b wievi aŸsmvZ¥K Avµgb hZUv m¤¢e me©wbgœ ch©v‡q ivLvi cÖ‡Póvq cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| Dciš‘ wb‡R‡`i euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ Ri“ix wfwˇZ mywbw`©ó I Kvh©Kix bxwZ cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| imyj (m) Gi Rxeb e¨e ’vq A_©‰bwZK welq¸wj `„óvš— wn‡m‡e we‡k(lY K‡i Avgv‡`i wk¶v wb‡Z n‡e| ZvQvov Avgv‡`i KyiÕAvb mybœvn&i Av‡jv‡K Ggb GK bxwZ wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e hvi d‡j gvbyl wiev eR©‡bi AbyK‚j cwi‡ek wd‡i cvq| gymwjg‡`i †evSv‡Z n‡e Zviv †hb h_vmva¨ †Póv K‡i hvq

132

wievi aŸsmvZ¥K _vev †_‡K AvZ¥i¶v Kivi R‡b¨| Rxebi¶vi me©‡kl Dcvq e¨ZxZ †Kvb cÖKvi avi-‡`bvi g‡a¨ †hb bv hvq gvbyl‡K †m wel‡q †evSv‡Z n‡e| hviv BwZg‡a¨B my`x e¨e ’vq FYMÖ ’ Av‡Qb ev FY`vZv n‡q Av‡Qb Zviv †hb h_vmva¨ †Póv K‡ib H wievwfwËK †jb‡`b Z_v my`x e¨e ’v †_‡K ª“Z †ewi‡q Avmvi| Avi hviv mvg_©evb, Zviv †hb Zv‡`i my`x e¨e ’vq FYMÖ ’ fvB-‡evb‡`i H Ae ’v †_‡K †ewi‡q Avm‡Z me©vZ¥K mnvqZv K‡ib| Gi d‡j me©vwaK cÖPwjZ my`x e¨e ’v ÑAvaywbK e¨vswKs hv gymwjg mgv‡Ri cÖwZwU i‡Ü« i‡Ü« Xy‡K c‡o‡Q Zv ax‡i ax‡i Avcwb‡ZB wejywßi c‡_ P‡j hv‡e|

FY †`qv Ges †bqvi †¶‡Î BmjvwgK A_©bxwZ ev mybœvZx A_©bxwZi e¨e ’v cÖPjb Ki‡Z cvi‡j †mUvB wievi wei“‡× mywbw`©ó bxwZ Ges Kg©‡KŠkj n‡q _vK‡e| A_©vr Avgiv Ggb GK bxwZi K_v ejwQ hvi m~Pbv n‡e FY Av`vb cÖ vb m¤ú‡K© BmjvwgK A_©bxwZ wk¶vi gva¨‡g|

wek¦e¨vcx gymwjg‡`i DwPr imyj (m) Gi wiev msµvš— nv`xm¸wj AvZ¥ ’ K‡i ev †R‡b ey‡S cÖwZwU c`‡¶‡c Zv cvjb Kiv| GB nv`xm¸wj wjd‡jU AvKv‡i Qvwc‡q cÖwZ mßv‡n ev` RygyÕAv gymj(x‡`i gv‡S weZiY Kiv GKwU hy‡Mvc‡hvMx D‡`¨vM| Z`ycwi gvmwR‡` wbqwgZ Ges AwaK ¸i“Z¡ mnKv‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e wievwfwËK A_©bxwZi Kzdj¸wj Ges wiev e¨e ’v wbwl× K‡i bvwhjK…Z Avj-KyiÕAv‡bi AvqvZ¸wj wiev ev my` msµvš— Avj(vn&i wb‡`©kvejx †cvóvi AvKv‡i Qvwc‡q gvmwR‡` Ges ¯‹zj-K‡jRmn wewfbœ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ’v‡b jvMv‡Z n‡e hv‡Z wievi ¶wZKi w`K¸wji wel‡q e¨vcK Rbm‡PZbZv m„wó nq|

AvBkv (iv) e‡j‡Qb, imyj (m) mjv‡Z yÕAv Ki‡Zb GB e‡j †h, ÔAvq Avj(vn&, Avwg mKj cÖKvi ¸Yvn& †_‡K Ges FYMÖ ’ nIqv †_‡K Avcbvi Kv‡Q Avkªq Pvw”QÕ| GK e¨w³ imyj (m) †K cÖkœ K‡ib, ÔBqv imyjyj(vn& (m) Avcwb †Kb GZ †ekx †ekx FYMÖ ’ nIqv †_‡K Avj(vn&i wbKU Avkªq cÖv_©Yv K‡ibÕ? Dˇi imyj (m) e‡jb, ÒFYMÖ ’ e¨w³ wg_¨vPvi K‡i| †m gvbyl‡K Iqv`v †`q Ges Zvici wb‡Ri †`qv Iqv`v f½ K‡iÓ(4/2232, c„: 249, mnxn eyLvix)|

g~jZ FY GKwU gvivZ¥K e¨wa, †h Kvi‡Y bex Kvwig (m) evievi Avj(vn&i wbKU FYMÖ ’ nIqv †_‡K Avkªq cÖv_©Yv K‡i‡Qb| FY ïay GKRb e¨w³‡K aŸsm K‡i Zv bq, FY †MvUv RvwZ Z_v mgMÖ ivóª‡K aŸsm K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| eZ©gv‡b mgMÖ Bmjvwg mf¨Zv aŸs‡mi `vicÖv‡š— G‡m †cŠ‡Q‡Q ïaygvÎ wiev wfwËK GB A_©‰bwZK e¨e ’vi Kvi‡Y| Gi Rb¨ Aek¨ `vqx Kw_Z Bmjvwg ¯‹jvi I A_©bxwZwe`iv hviv wKbv Ôag©wbi‡c¶Õ, ÔDbœZÕ cwðgv wk¶vq wkw¶Z n‡q mgMÖ gymwjg we‡k¦i mv‡_ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i P‡j‡Q| BqvRyR-gvRy‡Ri BD‡ivcxq mf¨Zvi ivRv-ev`kvn& I

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miKvi hviv AvR gymwjg‡`i kvmb Ki‡Q ZvivI `vqx gymwjg‡`i GB `yie ’v †W‡K Avbvi Rb¨| wesk kZvãxi ïi“‡Z Bmjvwg wLjvdv‡Zi aŸs‡mi ciB BqvRyR-gvRy‡Ri BD‡ivcxq mf¨Zv gymwjg we‡k¦ AbycÖ‡ek K‡i gymwjg‡`i‡K kvmb Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| Avi ZLb †_‡KB Bmjvwg wLjvdv‡Zi ’vb `Lj K‡i wbj BqvRyR-gvRy‡Ri ¶z`ª ¶z`ª GjvKv wfwËK c„_K miKvi| Avgiv G‡`i‡K BqvRyR-gvÕRy‡Ri miKvi ejwQ G Kvi‡Y †h GB miKvi¸wj weËevb‡`i ¯v_©B ïay i¶v K‡i P‡j‡Q, Avi Zv Ki‡Q `wi ª‡`i c``wjZ K‡i Zv‡`i †kvl‡Yi wewbg‡q|

wek¦e¨vsK c„w_exi 32wU †`k‡K Severely Indebted low income Countries SILIC ev AwaK FYMÖ ’ `wi`ª †kªYxi †`k wn‡m‡e Aš—f©y³ K‡i‡Q| G‡`i RvZxq Drcv`‡bi Zzjbvq F‡Yi AbycvZ 80 fv‡MiI †ekx| Ab¨ K_vq G‡`i ißvbxi Zzjbvq F‡Yi AbycvZ 220 Gi AwaK| Fb t ißvbx = 220t1| G‡`i g‡a¨ 25wU Sub - Saharan Avwd«Kvi †`k| A_©vr, c„w_exi †mme f~LÛ †hLv‡b BD‡ivcxq mvgªvR¨ev‡`i _vev me‡P‡q †ekx Ges me‡P‡q Dj½fv‡e AbycÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q|

G †`k¸wji mw¤§wjZ F‡Yi cwigvY wQj 1994 mv‡j 210 wewjqb Wjv‡iiI †ekx| 1980 mv‡j Zv wQj Gi GK PZzZ©vsk| 1995 mv‡j G 210 wewjqb Wjv‡ii my` n‡q `uvovq 16 wewjqb Wjvi wKš‘ H nZ`wi`ª †`k¸wj wievwfwËK H my‡`i gvÎ A‡a©K †kva Ki‡Z m¶g nq, Aewkó †hvM nq evKxi LvZvq| Gfv‡e cÖwZ eQi F‡Yi †evSv †e‡oB P‡j‡Q `wi ª †`k¸wji| F‡Yi †evSvi cwigvY GZ wekvj n‡q‡Q †h GB FY cwi‡kva Kivi ¶gZv Avi Zv‡`i Kv‡iviB †bB| e¨w³MZ FY n‡j FYMÖ ’ e¨w³ wb‡R‡K †`Dwjqv †MvlYv K‡i cybivq bZzb Rxeb ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ ivóªxq F‡Yi †¶‡Î †Zv Avi †m my‡hvM †bB| myZivs Gme `wi ª †`k¸wj abx ‡`k¸wji `vm‡Z¡i k„sL‡j GLb e›`x| we‡k¦i Ab¨vb¨ `wi ª †`k¸wjI H GKB cwiYwZi w`‡K GwM‡q P‡j‡Q|

Avmyb †`Lv hvK GB FYMÖ ’ Ae ’v †_‡K D×v‡ii e¨vcv‡i Bmjvg wK e‡j?

mnxn eyLvix Gi nv`x‡m nhiZ mvjvgvn& (iv) m~‡Î ewY©Z Av‡Q: GKevi GK g„Ze¨w³i jvk imyj (m) Gi Kv‡Q wb‡q Avmv nÕj Rvbvhvi Rb¨| imyj (m) wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, ÔG e¨w³i wK †Kvb FY Av‡Q?Õ DËi †`qv nj ÔbvÕ| ZLb imyj (m) H g„Ze¨w³i Rvbvhv cov‡jb| Gi ci Av‡iK e¨w³i jvk Avbv nj Rvbvhvi Rb¨| imyj (m) GKBfv‡e Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb GB e¨w³i ‡Kv‡bv FY Av‡Q wK bv| DËi Gj Ôn¨vÕ| imyj (mv) ZLb ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i m½xi Rvbvhv coÕ| ZLb Avey KvZv`vn& (iv) †NvlYv `‡jb, ÔBqv imyjyj;vn& (m) Avwg Zvi FY cwi‡kva K‡i w`w”QÕ| Avey KvZv`vn& hLb †mB FY cwi‡kva Ki‡jb ZLb imyj (m) GB wØZxq e¨w³iI Rvbvhvq BgvgwZ Ki‡jb| (eyLvix)

134

mnxn eyLvix‡Z Avey hvi (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z Av‡Q †h: wZwb GKevi imyj (m) Gi m‡½ hvw”Q‡jb| wZwb Iû` cvnvo †`‡L ej‡jb, ÒAvgvi Rb¨ GB cvnvo hw` †mvbvq cwiYZ nq Ges †mvbv w`‡q †mvbvi gy`ªv evbv‡bv nq, Zvn‡jI wZb w`‡bi g‡a¨ me ¯Y©gy`ªv Avj;vni iv¯—vq LiP K‡i Avgvi Kv‡Q 10wU w`bvi e¨ZxZ Avi wKQzB Aewkó _vK‡e bv| GB w`bvi _vK‡e ïaygvÎ Avgvi FY cwi‡kva Kivi Rb¨|(4:2224, c„:244)|

Dc‡iv³ nv`xm GUvB cÖgvY K‡i †h A_©‰bwZK mybœvn& g‡Z m¤ú` gRy` Kiv N„wYZ KvR weavq Gi Rb¨ aŸsm †NvwlZ n‡q‡Q Avi Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi c‡_ (mr c‡_, mr D‡Ï‡k¨) LiP DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q hv‡Z `wi ª RbMY DcK…Z nq, mgv‡Ri Dbœqb nq| GB e¨q n‡Z n‡e imyj (m) Gi gZ mvaviY, Abvo¤i Rxeb avivq| wgZe¨qxi gZ, GB LiP n‡e AZ¨vek¨Kxq cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡Z wKš‘ Aek¨B Zv e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e †fv‡Mi D‡Ï‡k¨ bq, eis Drcv`‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨| weËevb I mvg_©evbiv hLb Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ A_© e¨q K‡ib ZLb †m mgvR I †`k †_‡K `vwi ª `yi n‡q †`‡ki Ae ’v Av‡iv Pv½v n‡Z eva¨| Kv‡RB Avgv‡`i gymwjg‡`i e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e Avj(vni mš‘wó I `vwi`ª we‡gvPb Ges c‡ivcKv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨| A_©vr †fvM wejvwmZv Z¨vM K‡i gymwj‡gi DwPr hvKvZ mv`vKvi nvi evwo‡q w`‡q mgvR DbœqY I `vwi ª we‡gvP‡b h_v m¤¢e mnvqZv Kiv|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) n‡Z mnxn eyLvix‡Z ewY©Z imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: †Kvb e¨w³ Zvi mvg_© _vKv m‡Z¡I hw` Zvi FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z †`ix K‡i, Zvn‡j †mUvI GKcÖKvi Ryjyg I AZ¨vPvi|

GLv‡b D‡j(L¨ †h n‡¾i g‡Zv Avj(vn ZvÔAvjvi GZ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© GKwU ûKz‡gi mv‡_I F‡Yi wel‡q D‡j(L Kiv n‡q‡Q Avi ZvB n¾ cvj‡bi c~‡e© meiKg FY cwi‡kva Kivi wb‡ ©k †`qv n‡q‡Q|

Avj kvix` (iv) n‡Z ewb©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb mvg_© _vKv m‡Ë¡I †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z †`ix K‡i Z‡e, iƒp ev K‡Vvi K_v e‡j Zv‡K Acgvb Kiv ˆea, Ges Zv‡K KvivMv‡i wb‡¶c K‡i kvw¯— †`qv AvBbm½Z| (Avey `vD`, bvmvC)

Avey KvZv`vn (iv) n‡Z mnxn gymwj‡g ewY©Z: GK e¨w³ imyj (m) †K cÖkœ K‡ib, Bqv imyjyj;vn& (m) Avwg hw` Avj;vni c‡_ ˆa‡h©i mv‡_ GwM‡q hvB, f‡q wcQcv bv nB Ges mZ¨ cÖwZôvi D‡Ï‡k¨ wbf©‡q g„Zz¨eiY Kwi Z‡e wK Avj;vn& Avgvi me ¸Yvn& gvd K‡i w`‡eb? imyj (m) e‡jb, Ônu¨vÕ, †jvKwU Lykx g‡b wdi‡Z D`¨Z n‡j imyj (m) Zv‡K †W‡K ej‡jb, ÔGB gvÎ wReªxj (Av) Avgv‡K e‡j †M‡jb, ewY©Z Ae ’vq Avcbvi me ¸Yvn& gvd n‡e †KejgvÎ Abv`vqx FY Qvov|Õ

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Ave`j(vn& web Avgi (iv) n‡Z mnxn gymwj‡g ewY©Z: imyjyj;vn (m) e‡j‡Qb, ÔGKgvÎ Acwi‡kvaK…Z FY Qvov knx‡`i mg¯— ¸Yvn& gvd n‡e|Õ

Avey ûivBiv (iv) n‡Z wZiwghx‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, ÔGKRb gyÕwg‡bi g„Zz¨i ci Zvi Acwi‡kvaK…Z FY hZ¶b cwi‡kva Kiv bv nq, Zvi AvZ¥v †mB F‡Yi mv‡_ Ave× _v‡KÕ| (Avng`)|

Avey gymv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb Kweiv ¸Yvn& mg~‡ni ci †h KvRwU me‡P‡q Aciv‡ai me‡P‡q †ekx ¸Yvni Zv nÕj Acwi‡kvaK…Z FY †i‡L g„Zz¨eiY Kiv Ges †m FY †kva Kivi gZ A_©-m¤ú` bv †i‡L hvIqv| (Avng`, Avey `vD`)|

gynv¤§` web Ave`yj(vn& web hvnk n‡Z ewY©Z: Avgiv GKw`b gvmwR‡`i mvg‡b DVv‡b e‡m AvwQ, imyj (m) I Avgv‡`i mv‡_ e‡m wZwb AvKv‡ki w`‡K ZvKv‡jb, Zvici `„wó bZ K‡i Kcv‡j nvZ †i‡L ej‡jb, Òmg¯— cÖksmv Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi, mg¯— cÖksmv Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi- wK fqsKi Ae ’v G‡m‡Q! Ó mvivw`b Ges mvivivZ Avgiv †Kvb K_v ewjwb, ciw`b mKvj ch©š— fvj Qvov g›` wKQz NU‡ZI †`Ljvg bv | mKv‡j Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg, Bqv imyjyj;vn& (m) wK fqsKi Ae ’v G‡m‡Q? wZwb ej‡jb, GUv FY msµvš—| Ôhvi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb I giY Zuvi kc_, †Kvb e¨w³ hw` Avj;vni c‡_ knx` nq Ges cybivq RxweZ nq Ges Avj;vni c‡_ knx` nq Ges cybivq Avj;vni c‡_ knx` nq Acwi‡kvwaZ FY †i‡L| GBiƒc wZbevi wZwb Avj;vni c‡_ knx` n‡jI †m Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv hZ¶Y bv Zvi eskaiiv Zvi †m Fb cwi‡kva bv K‡iÕ| (Avng`)|

Avi FYMÖ ’ e¨w³ hw` AfveMÖ ’ nq Z‡e Zv‡K m”QjZv Avmv ch©š— AeKvk †`‡e| Avi hw` †Zvgiv mv`vKv K‡i `vI Zv †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ (KZ †h) DËg hw` †Zvgiv Rvb‡Z| (m~iv evKviv, 2:280)|

(Gme) Ômv`vKvÕ Z_v hvKv‡Zi A_© n‡”Q dKxi wgmKxb‡`i R‡b¨, GB (e¨e ’vi) Ici (hv‡`i RxweKv †m mKj) Kg©Pvix‡`i R‡b¨, hv‡`i Aš—KiY‡K (Øx‡bi cÖwZ) AbyivMx Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Zv‡`i R‡b¨, (†Kvb e¨w³‡K) †Mvjvgxi (eÜb) †_‡K Avhv` Kivi R‡b¨, FYMÖ ’ e¨w³i (FYgyw³i) R‡b¨, Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi c‡_ (msMÖvgx) I gymvwdi‡`i R‡b¨ (G mv`Kvi A_© e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e)| GUv Avj;vn ZvÔAvjvi wba©vwiZ dih| wbtm‡›`‡n Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv (mewKQz) Rv‡bb Ges wZwbB n‡”Qb weÁ Kzkjx| (9:60)|

†jL‡Ki GL‡bv g‡b c‡o 1957 mv‡j Zvi wcZvi g„Zz¨i ci Zvi weaev gv K‡qKevi FY wb‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQ‡jb| FYfv‡i ywðš—vq ZLb Zvi Nyg nZ bv, Lv`¨ MÖn‡YI Zvi AvMÖn wQjbv, †Kej wPš—v Ki‡Zb K‡e wKfv‡e GB FY cwi‡kva Ki‡eb| Zvi evev-gv `yÕR‡bB Ggb wQ‡jb| Av‡MKvi gymwjg GgbwK Agymwjg mgv‡Ri AwaKvsk †jv‡KivI GKmgq GgbB wQj, Z‡e ZLbI BqvRyR-gvÕRyR

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Ges fÛ Kvbv-`v¾vj AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡iwb| BqvRyR-gvÕRyR Ges `v¾v‡ji kqZvbx kw³ GB mgvRUv‡K AZci F‡Yi Aïf P‡µ KjywlZ K‡i †d‡j| we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`k †_‡K mgvMZ †jvK¸wj hy³iv‡óª emevm Ki‡Z wM‡q Zv‡`i ‰bwZK g~j¨‡eva nvwi‡q my`x F‡Yi PvKwP‡K¨ AvUKv c‡o hvq| Zv‡`i GB Aïf Pµ eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k mn we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q| ZvB †Zv †`Lv hvq, evox evbv‡bv ev †Kbvi Rb¨ FY myweav, AvmevecÎ †Kbv, we‡qi Mqbv Ges †Q‡j-‡g‡q‡`i wk¶vi Rb¨ FYe¨e ’v GgbwK GLb Drme FY ev C` D`hvc‡bi Rb¨I FY myweav eo eo K‡i djvI K‡i N‡i N‡i weÁvc‡bi gva¨‡g cÖPvi K‡i wbixn I †jvfx †jvK‡`i wievi cÖwZ AvK…ó K‡i P‡j‡Q| fveUv Ggb †hb hvi mva Av‡Q mva¨ †bB Zv‡`i Rb¨B GB FY myweav DrmM© K‡i my`‡Lv‡iiv (Zv‡`i „wó‡Z) e¨w³ I mgv‡Ri weivU Kj¨v‡Y wb‡qvwRZ i‡q‡Q| Avi GB weÁvc‡b Awk¶v-Kzwk¶v KewjZ †jvfx gvbyl¸wjI GB myweav MÖn‡Y ûgwo †L‡q co‡Q| wiev‡Lvi‡`i aviYvq wiev wfwËK FYmyweav †m mva I mv‡a¨i wgjb NwU‡q‡Q hv c~‡e© KLbI m¤¢e wQj bv| wKš‘ GUv †h gvbyl‡K gnv wech©q I aŸs‡mi w`‡K †V‡j w`‡”Q Zv wbixn, ¯íwkw¶Z mvaviY gvbyl eyS‡ZB cvi‡Q bv| GB msKUgq cwiw ’wZ‡Z wek¦e¨vcx gymwjg‡`i F‡Yi Aïf I kqZvbx Pµ‡K wPb‡Z eyS‡Z Avgv‡`i mnvqZv Ki‡Z n‡e| me©cÖ_g wbR mš—vb I Avn&j‡`i GB Aïf Pµ‡K †Pbv‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i‡K A_©‰bwZK mybœvn cvj‡b DØy× Ki‡Z n‡e Ges F‡Yi Aïf Pµ‡K cÖwZnZ Kivi msMÖv‡g kwiK nIqvi `vIqvZ w`‡q †h‡Z n‡e AvRxeb|

wievi fqvenZv Dcjwä K‡i Lªxóvb cv`ªxiv GgbwK Bs‡iR mvwnwZ¨K †m·wcqviI Zvi †jLvq cÖvP¨ Ges cvðv‡Z¨i g~j¨‡eva‡K dzwU‡q Zz‡jwQ‡jb| D‡j(L¨ †h, Av‡gwiKvb, divmx Ges ej‡kwfK wec(e BD‡ivcxq Z_v cwðgv mf¨Zv‡K cv‡ë w`‡q bvw¯—K mgv‡R cwiYZ Ki‡Z m¶g n‡qwQj| ZvB †Zv †m·wcqvi Zvi n¨vg‡jU bvU‡K e‡j‡Qbt-

ÒFY`vZv, FYMÖnxZv †Kv‡bvUvB nBI bv w`qv FY, A_© I eÜz `yB-B nvivBI bv FY Kg©V‡K K‡i Kg© wegyL GB K_v ivwL‡e m`v ¯§i‡Y Pwj‡e gvwbqv ivwÎ I w`e‡m iwn‡e m`v mZ¨ gvbe mK‡ji Z‡iÓ

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FYMÖ ’‡K mnvqZv `vb Avj(vni mš‘wói D‡Ï‡k¨ gymwjg mgvR‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Z n‡e Ges Zv‡`i gymwjg fvB-‡evb‡`i Ri“ix cÖ‡qvRb Qvov FYMÖn‡Yi ¶wZKi w`K Ges wievi fq¼i _vev I Aïf Pµ m¤ú‡K© †evSv‡bvi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i m‡PZb K‡i Zzj‡Z n‡e| wbZvš— cÖ‡qvR‡b †KD FYMÖ ’ n‡j †m mKj fvB-‡evb‡`i FYgy³ n‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z n‡e Avi Zv Ki‡Z n‡e eyw× w`‡q, civgk© w`‡q GgbwK cÖ‡qvR‡b Avw_©K mnvqZv w`‡q|

imyjyj(vn& (m) Zuvi D¤§vZ‡`i memgq Drmvn w`‡q‡Qb Zviv †hb Zv‡`i FY-MÖ ’ fvB-‡evb‡`i FY cwi‡kv‡a mnvqZv K‡ib A_ev hviv FYMÖ ’ Ae ’vq Bwš—Kvj K‡i‡Qb, Zv‡`i c¶ †_‡K †hb H Avbv`vqK…Z FY cwi‡kva K‡i †`qvi Rb¨ GwM‡q Av‡mb|1

Avey mvC` Avj Ly`ix (iv) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z: hLb nhiZ Avwj web Avey Zvwje (iv) GKRb g„Z gymwjg fvB‡qi FY cwi‡kva K‡i †`b, ZLb imyj (m) GB e‡j yÕAv K‡ib Ô‡Zvgvi H fvB‡K †hgb Zzwg Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b †_‡K i¶v Ki‡j, Avj;vn& †hb †Zgb †Zvgv‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b †_‡K †hb i¶v K‡ib, Avwgb! †h mg¯— gymwjg Zv‡`i Aci gymwjg g„Z fvB †evb‡`i FY cwi‡kva K‡i Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b †_‡K i¶v Ki‡e, wbðqB Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b †_‡K i¶v Ki‡eb|Õ (kvi&n Avm&-mybœvn)|

Bgivb web †nv‡mb (iv) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, hLb †Kvb gymwjg cvIbv`vi Zvi KvQ †_‡K FYMÖnYKvixi (my`gy³) FY cwi‡kv‡ai mgq evov‡Z _vK‡e Zvi Avgjbvgvq ZZ mv`vKv Rgv n‡Z _vK‡e| (Avngv`)|

mygvivn& (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: GKw`b imyj (m) mg‡eZ †jvKw`M‡K cÖkœ K‡ib, ÔAgyK †Mv‡Îi †KD wK Dcw ’Z Av‡Qb? †Kvb mvov bv †c‡q cybivq wR‡Ám K‡ib, A_P mevB wbi“Ëi| Z…Zxqevi cÖkœ Kivi ci GK e¨w³ DËi w`‡jb, ÔAvwg nvwhi, Bqv imyjyj;vn& (m)Õ| DËi †c‡q imyj (m) Lykx n‡q ej‡jb, ÔcÖ_g `yÕevi Avcwb Pzc wQ‡jb †Kb? Avwg Avcbv‡K GKUv fvj Lei w`‡Z PvB| Avcbvi †Mv‡Îi AgyK Rvbœv‡Z XyK‡Z cviwQ‡jb bv `ywbqvi cvIbv`vi †i‡L hvIqvi `i“b| Zvici Avcwb Zvi †mB FY cwi‡kva Kivi ci GLb Avi Zvi †Kvb cvIbv`vi †bBÕ| (Avey `vD`)|

1 Avey ûivBiv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: wZwb e‡jb, imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, ÒR‰bK e¨emvqx, †jvK‡`i FY w`Z| †Kvb AfveMÖ ’‡K †`L‡j wZwb Zvi Kg©Pvix‡`i ej‡Zb, Zvi FY gIKzd K‡i `vI, nqZ Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡`i gvd K‡i w`‡eb| Gi e‡`Šj‡Z Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K gvd K‡i †`b| (mnxn eyLvix, 4:1943 c„:22)|

Rvwei (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: wZwb e‡jb †Kvb e¨w³ FY †i‡L g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡j imyj (m) Zvi RvbvRv cov‡Zb bv| GKevi GK e¨w³i jvk Avbv nj RvbvRv covi

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D‡Ï‡k¨| imyj (m) Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb, GB e¨w³i †Kvb avi-†`bv ‡i‡L wM‡q‡Qb wK bv? DËi †`qv nj, nu¨v, `yB w`invg| GB K_v ï‡b imyj (m) ej‡jb, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i fvB-Gi RvbvRv co| ZLb Avey KvZv`vn Avj Avbmvix (iv) ej‡jb, Avwg Zvi †`bv cwi‡kva K‡i w`w”Q| Gici imyj (m) H e¨w³i RvbvRv co‡jb| hyׇ¶‡Î imyj (m) gymwjg evwnbxi D‡Ï‡k¨ e‡jb, Ò‡n †jvKmKj, †Zvgiv wb‡Riv wb‡R‡`i hZ Kv‡Q, Avwg Zv‡`i Av‡iv †ekx Kv‡Q| †Zvgv‡`i †KD hw` FY †i‡L Bwš—Kvj K‡i †mB FY cwi‡kva Kivi `vwqZ¡ Avgvi| Avi †m hw` †Kvb m¤úwË †i‡L hvq, †m m¤úwË G‡`i wbR wbR DËivwaKvix‡`iÓ| (Avey `vD`)|

ûhvBdv (iv) n‡Z ewb©Z: wZwb e‡jb, imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, Avj;vni mgx‡c Zuvi Ggb GK ev›`v‡K nvwhi Kiv nq, hv‡K wZwb cÖPzi m¤ú` `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| Avj;vn Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, ywbqvq Zzwg wK Avgj K‡iQ? †m ejj, †n Avgvi ie! Avcwb Avcbvi m¤ú` †_‡K Avgv‡K `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| Avwg gvby‡li mv‡_ µq-weµq KiZvg| myZivs m”Qj‡`i mv‡_ Avwg mnbkxjZv †`LvZvg Avi Afvex‡`i‡K mgq w`Zvg| Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv ej‡jb, G e¨vcv‡i †Zvgvi †P‡q Avwg AwaK †hvM¨ (¶gvkxj)| (AZci Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv wdwikZv‡`i ej‡jb) †Zvgiv Avgvi GB ev›`v‡K (Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhve n‡Z) †Q‡o `vI| (mnxn gymwjg, 4:3848, 3851 c„:495)|

FY †`qv-‡bqvi wei“‡× †mv”Pvi n‡q gymwjg mgvR‡K m‡PZb Ki‡Z wM‡q Ges wk¶v w`‡Z †h‡q cÖK…Z A‡_© Avgiv wb‡R‡`i fvB-‡evb‡`iB wievi Kivj MÖvm †_‡K ~‡i ivL‡Z m¶g ne|1

1 Avey ûivBiv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: wZwb e‡jb, imyjyj(vn (m) e‡j‡Qb, †h e¨w³ †Kvb gymwj‡gi ywbqvex wec`-Avc‡`i GKwUI ~i Ki‡e wKqvg‡Zi w`‡b Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv Zvi wec` ~i K‡i w`‡eb| †h e¨w³ †Kvb Am”Qj e¨w³i msKU ~i Ki‡e Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Z Zvi msKUmg~n ~i K‡i w`‡eb| †h e¨w³ ywbqvq †Kvb gymwj‡gi †`vl †Mvcb ivL‡e Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Z Zvi †`vl †Mvcb ivL‡eb| Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv ZZ¶Y Zuvi ev›`vi mnvqZvq iZ _v‡Kb hZ¶Y ‡m Zvi fvBGi mvnv‡h¨ iZ _v‡K| (4:1936 wZiwghx)|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, gymwjg gymwj‡gi fvB|(wZiwghx, 4:1933 c„:373)|

gymv AvkAvex (iv) Gi eY©bvq Aci GKwU nv`x‡m imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb: ÔGK gyÕwgb Aci gyÕwg‡bi Rb¨ Bgvi‡Zi b¨vq, †hgb GKwU BU Av‡iKwU BU‡K kw³ hywM‡q _v‡K|Õ (wZiwghx, 4:1934)|

Ki&‡h nvmvbv ev DËg FY Avgiv `yÕfv‡e Avgv‡`i gymwjg fvB-‡evb‡`i FY cwi‡kv‡a mnvqZv Ki‡Z cvwiÑ 1. Avw_©K Aby`vb w`‡q 2. wiev ev my`gy³ FY ev `vBb (dayn) w`‡q

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wiev ev my`gy³ FY Avevi `yÕ cÖKvi t K) FYMÖnxZv wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ g~j A_© †diZ w`‡e GB k‡Z© FY `vb| L) Ki&‡h nvmvbv - FY MÖnxZv hLb mvg_© n‡e ZLb FY ev †`bv cwi‡kva Ki‡e GB k‡Z© FY`vb| `vBb (dayn) m¤ú‡K© cweÎ KyiÕAv‡b Bikv` n‡”Q: †n wek¦vmxMY! †Zvgiv hLbB `vBb ev A_©FY Ki‡e ZLb KR©v`vZvi mv‡_ GKUv wjwLZ Pzw³ K‡i wb‡e| wK k‡Z© FY wb”Q Ges †Kvb Zvwi‡Li g‡a¨ Zv †kva Ki‡e Zv my¯úófv‡e D‡j;L _vK‡e †mB Pzw³‡Z| (†m Pzw³i Rb¨ mv¶xI ivL‡e) Avj;vni `„wó‡Z GUvB AwaK cQ›`bxq hv‡Z K‡i cieZx©‡Z †Kvb wØav I msk‡qi m„wó bv nq| (2:282)| Ki&‡h nvmvbvi K_v KyiÕAvbyj gvRx‡` ‡ek K‡qKwU Avqv‡Z D‡j(L i‡q‡Q| h_v 2:245; 5:12; 57:11; 57:18; 64:17; 72:80| fvj KvR Kivi gva¨‡g Avj(vn‡K Ki&‡h nvmvbv †`qvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q, GKRb gymwjg †evb ev fvB‡KI Ki&‡h nvmvbv †`qvi K_v †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| cÖK…Z A‡_© Ki&‡h nvmvbvi †¶‡Î FY MÖnYKvix hLb m¶g n‡e ZLbB FY cwi‡kva Ki‡e, KR© ev avi †kva Kivi e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv wbw ©ó mgq I kZ© _vK‡e bv| eiÂ, FYMÖnxZv hw` GZUvB A¶g nq †h †`bv †kva Ki‡Z AcviM nq Zvn‡j KR© vZv m¤ú~Y© ev AvswkK ÔcvIbvÕ gIKzd K‡i w`‡eb| G‡Z K‡i Avj(vni wbKU n‡Z FY`vZvi Rb¨ A‡bK eo cÖwZ`vb ev wbÕAvgvZ cvIbv _vK‡e|1 Ki&‡h nvmvbv g~jZ Charitable Loan| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb: †K Ggb Av‡Q, †h Avj;vn‡K& Ki&‡h nvmvbv ev DËg FY w`‡e? Avj;vn‡K †`qv GB FY eû¸‡Y evwo‡q wZwb Zv‡K cwi‡kva Ki‡eb (A_©vr, Avj;vni cÖwZ`vb Zvi Rb¨ A‡bK †ekx n‡e)| Avj;vn hv‡K B”Qv abevb K‡ib, hv‡K B”Qv AfveMÖ ’ K‡ib| Zuvi Kv‡QB mevB‡K wd‡i †h‡Z n‡e| (2:245)| Ô`vBbÕ †kva Kivi Rb¨I Ki&‡h nvmvbv †`qv hvq, †m‡¶‡Î Ki&‡h nvmvbv `vZv‡K Avj(vn& myenvbvû IqvZvÔAvjv cÖf~Z cyi¯‹…Z Ki‡eb| 1 Avey ûhvBdv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: wZwb e‡jb, imyjyj(vn (m) e‡j‡Qb, Avj(vni mgx‡c Zuvi Ggb GK ev›`v‡K nvwhi Kiv nq, hv‡K wZwb cÖPzi m¤ú` `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv Zuv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, ywbqvq Zzwg wK Avgj K‡iQ? †m ejj, †n Avgvi ie! Avcwb Avcbvi m¤ú` †_‡K Avgv‡K `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| Avwg gvby‡li mv‡_ µq-weµq KiZvg| myZivs m”Qj‡`i mv‡_ Avwg mnbkxjZv †`LvZvg Avi Afvex‡`i‡K mgq w`Zvg| Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv ej‡jb, G e¨vcv‡i †Zvgvi †P‡q Avwg AwaK †hvM¨ (¶gvkxj)| (AZci Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv wdwikZv‡`i ej‡jb) †Zvgiv Avgvi GB ev›`v‡K (Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhve n‡Z) †Q‡o `vI| (4:3848, 3851 mnxn gymwjg, 4:2226 eyLvix) Avey ûivBiv (iv) Gi eY©bvq imyjyj(vn (m) e‡j‡Qb: †h e¨w³ Afvex FYMÖ ’‡K AeKvk †`q ev Zvi cvIbv gvd K‡i †`q Zvn‡j Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv wKqvg‡Zi w`‡b Zuvi Avi‡ki Qvqvq ’vb w`‡eb| †hw`b Zuvi Qvqv ev‡` Ab¨ †Kvb Qvqv _vK‡e bv| (3:1309 wZiwghx)|

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Avw_©K mvnvh¨ PvIqv ev avi †bqv AwZK‡ói g‡a¨ _vKv m‡Ë¡I GKRb gymwjg/gyÕwgb Av‡iKR‡bi Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ bv PvIqv ev avi bv PvIqvB DËg|

Be&‡b AveŸvm (iv) ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, Afv‡ei Kvi‡Y †KD hw` ¶yav_© _vKv m‡Ë¡I Ab¨ KvD‡K bv Rvbvq Z‡e Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K cÖwZ`vb wn‡m‡e mr Ges ˆea Dcv‡q cy‡iv GK eQ‡ii wih&K `vb Ki‡eb| (evqnvKx)|

Bgivb web ûmvBb (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv †mB `wi ª, wek¦vmx ev›`v‡K fvjev‡mb †h N‡i ¶zav_© mš—vb _vKv m‡Ë¡I wf¶v K‡i bv| (Be&‡b gvRvn&)|

Avey Kvekv Avj Avbmvix (iv) n‡Z wZiwghx‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, Avj;vn‡K mv¶x †i‡L Avwg AvR †Zvgv‡`i hv eje Zv KL‡bv fy‡j hv‡e bv wZbwU welq Aek¨B mZ¨ †hÑ

1) †h e¨w³ `vb-LqivZ K‡i Zvi m¤ú` KL‡bvB K‡g hvq bv|

2) wec‡`i mgq †h e¨w³ ˆah© aviY K‡i Avj;vn& Zv‡K DËg cÖwZ`vb †`b|

3) hLb †Kv‡bv e¨w³ wf¶vi Rb¨ nvZ evovq Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Zvi Rb¨ `vwi‡ ªi Øvi D‡b¥vPb K‡i †`b|

g~jZ c„w_ex‡Z Pvi cÖKvi †jvK Av‡QÑ

1. Ggb e¨w³ hv‡K Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Ávb Ges m¤ú` DfqB w`‡q‡Qb Ges †m Avj;vn‡K fq K‡i| Avj;vn cÖ`Ë m¤ú` Avj;vni iv¯—vq (mr Kv‡R) e¨q K‡i, AvZ¥xqZvi eÜb `„p Ki‡Z e¨envi K‡i| GB n‡jv m‡e©vËg e¨w³|

2. Ggb e¨w³ hv‡K Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Ávb w`‡q‡Qb wKš‘ m¤ú` †`bwb, Ges †h Avj;vni Dci GKvš—fv‡e Cgvb Av‡b Ges Avš—wiKfv‡e e‡j, Avj;vn& Avgv‡K Avw_©K m½wZ w`‡j Avwg AgyK e¨w³i gZ fvj Kv‡R, Avj;vni c‡_ Avgvi A_©-m¤ú` LiP KiZvg| GB e¨w³I cÖ_g e¨w³i gZ Ges †m Avj;vni Kv‡Q mgvb cÖwZ`vb cv‡e|

3. Ggb e¨w³ hv‡K Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv A_©-m¤ú` w`‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ Ávb †`bwb Ges †m Zvi A_©-m¤ú` wb‡Ri †fvM-wejvwmZvi Rb¨ h‡_”Q LiP K‡i, Avj;vn‡K fq K‡i bv, AvZ¥xqZvi eÜb `„p Ki‡ZI †m m¤ú` e¨envi K‡i bv, †m wbK…óZg e¨w³| AvwLiv‡Z Zvi Rb¨ K‡Vvi kvw¯— A‡c¶v Ki‡Q|

4. Ggb e¨w³ hv‡K Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv ÁvbI †`bwb, m¤ú`I †`bwb, wKš‘ †m e‡j Zvi hw` A_©m¤ú` _vKZ Z‡e †m Agy‡Ki gZ (3q `‡ji) wb‡Ri Avivg-Av‡qm I †fv‡Mi Rb¨ LiP KiZ hv‡Z Ab¨iv (Zvi wejvwmZv I PvKwPK¨ †`‡L) Zv‡K wnsmv

141

K‡i| Giƒc e¨w³ H Z…Zxq `‡ji gZ wbK…óZg gvbyl Ges AvwLiv‡Z Zv‡K K‡Vvi kvw¯— †fvM Ki‡Z n‡e| (wZiwghx)|

wgZe¨wqZv Ges A_©‰bwZK mybœvn& gymwjg‡`i Rvb‡Z n‡e †h wgZe¨qx I ga¨cš’x mvaviY Rxeb-hvcb KivUv n‡jv A_©‰bwZK mybœvni g~j wk¶v| mvaviY, ga¨cš’x, wgZe¨qx RxebhvÎv gvbyl‡K avi-‡`bv Ges wiev †_‡K ~‡i ivL‡Z †hgb cy‡ivcywi m¶g, †Zgwb wgZe¨vqx n‡j Zvi nvjvj i“hxi †_‡KB wKQzUv mÂq Ki‡ZI Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡ib| myZivs wiev †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi Ab¨Zg cš’v nj A_©‰bwZK mybœvn& Abyhvqx mvaviY, ga¨cš’x, wgZe¨qx Rxebhvcb Kiv| hviv AcPq ev †ekx †ekx LiP K‡i, wejvmx Rxeb hvcb K‡i, †Rvovq †Rvovq `vm-`vmx iv‡L, †`kx-we‡`kx †fvM¨cY¨ e¨envi K‡i, ïaygvÎ imbvi Z…wß †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ fywi‡fvRb K‡i Avi AwZwi³ Lv`¨ MÖn‡Yi d‡j kix‡ii †g` evwo‡qB P‡j, Zv‡`i c‡¶ mybœvZx Rxeb hvcb Kiv Lye GKUv mnR e¨vcvi bq| †Kbbv mybœvZx Rxeb hvc‡b cÖ‡qvRb nq h‡_ó mei I ¯v‡_©i KzievYx ev Z¨vM wZwZ¶vi Avi ZvB Avj-KyiÕAv‡b wb‡ ©k †`qv n‡”Q:

....Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ hv nvjvj K‡iwQ Zv †_‡K LvI Ges Rxeb i¶v Ki; †Kv‡bvfv‡eB mxgvjsNb K‡iv bv, hviv mxgvjsNb K‡i Zv‡`i Dci Avgvi MRe co‡e Avi hv‡`i Dci Avgvi MRe co‡e Zviv Aek¨B aŸsm cÖvß n‡e| (m~iv, Zv-nv, 20:81)|

...Ges †Zvgiv LvI, cvb K‡iv, wKš‘ AcPq K‡i mxgv jsNb K‡iv bv ev Amf¨Zv K‡iv bv| mxgvjsNbKvix Ges AcPqKvix‡`i Avj(vn& cQ›` K‡ib bv| (Avj Avivd 7:31)

Avey ûivBiv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb: imyj (m) Avgv‡K 9wU Kv‡Ri wb‡`©kbv w`‡qwQ‡jb-

1. Avj;vn‡K fq Ki‡e; †Mvc‡b Ges cÖKv‡k¨

2. mš‘ó Ges Amš‘ó Dfq Ae ’v‡ZB b¨vh¨ K_v ej‡e

3. cÖvPz‡h©i g‡a¨ _vK Avi `vwi‡`ªi g‡a¨ _vK, me©ve ’vq wgZe¨qx n‡e

4. †h †Zvgvi mv‡_ eÜzZ¡ bó K‡i‡Q, Zvi mv‡_ cybivq eÜzZ¡ ’vcb Ki‡e

5. †h †Zvgv‡K w`‡Z Pvq bv, Zv‡KI Zzwg w`‡e|

6. †h †Zvgvi cÖwZ hyjyg I Ab¨vq K‡i‡Q Zv‡K Zzwg ¶gv K‡i w`‡e

142

7. bxie _vKvKv‡j Zzwg Avj;vni whK&i Ki‡e (Avj;vn‡K ¯§iY Ki‡e) Ges K_v ejvi mgqI Avj;vni whK&i Ki‡e| (nK I mwZ¨ K_v ejvI GK ai‡bi whK&i)

8. †Zvgvi `„wó n‡Z n‡e mZK©Zvg~jK

9. hv wKQz fvj Ges cÖksmbxq Ges Avj;vni Kv‡Q cQ›`bxq ZvB Ki‡e| (ivwhb)

nv`x‡m Av‡iv ewY©Z Av‡Q, GKRb hvÎx hZUzKz m¤j wb‡q ågY K‡i c„w_ex‡Z Avgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Gi †ekx m¤j ivLv DwPr bq| (†Kbbv cÖ‡qvR‡bi †ekx gvj-m¤ú` enb Kiv Ges e¨e ’vcbv Kiv eoB Sv‡gjv Ges KóKi e¨vcvi|)

Avgv‡`i g‡b cÖkœ RvM‡Z cv‡i, Avj(vni imyj (m) c„w_ex‡Z _vKvKv‡j KZ ab-m¤ú‡`i gvwjK wQ‡jb? nhiZ AvBkv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyjyj;vn (m) Gi IdvZ ch©š— msmv‡i KL‡bv GKmv‡_ `yB w`‡bi Lvevi e¨e ’v _vK‡Zv bv| (eyLvix, 9:4909)|

ˆmq` Avj-gv°eyix nhiZ Avey ûivBiv (iv) Gi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q e‡jb: †h wZwb (Avey ûivBiv (iv)) †KD `y¤v LvIqvi `vIqvZ w`‡j wZwb Zv MÖnY Ki‡Zb bv, GB e‡j †h imyj (m) KL‡bv GK‡ejv †cU f‡i h‡ei i“wUI Lvbwb| (eyLvix)|

nhiZ Dgi web LvËve (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: GKevi wZwb imyj (m) †K gvwU‡Z cvwU wewQ‡q †kvqv Ae ’vq †`‡Lb †h cvwUi Dci †Kv‡bv Pv`iI weQv‡bv wQj bv| cvwUi `vM imyj (m) wc‡V †`‡L wZwb ej‡jb, Bqv imyjyj;vn (m) Avcwb Avj;vn‡K ejyb †hb wZwb Avcbv‡K Ges Avcbvi D¤§vZ‡`i abevb K‡ib| wZwb †Zv evBhvbUxb Ges cvim¨evmx‡`i abevb K‡i‡Qb hw`I Zviv Avj;vni Gev`Z K‡i bv| imyj (m) ej‡jb, †n LvËv‡ei cyÎ! GB †Zvgvi wPš—vaviv? Zzwg wK mš‘ó bI †h Avgiv AvwLiv‡Zi Abš— Rxe‡b †fvM Kie, Avi Iiv †Zv ¶wY‡Ki GB c„w_ex‡Z †fvM Ki‡Q? (eyLvix, gymwjg)|

gyqvR web Rvevj (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: Be&b B‡q‡gb cvVv‡bvi mgq imyj (m) Zv‡K mveavb K‡i w`‡q ej‡jb, wejvmx Rxeb-hvcb †_‡K mveavb _vK‡e| Avj;vn ZvÔAvjvi wcÖq ev›`viv wejvwmZv K‡i bv| (Avng`)|

Avjx (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, †h e¨w³ Avj;vni KvQ †_‡K Aí †c‡qB mš‘ó Avj;vnI Zvi Kv‡Q †_‡K Aí (†m Aí Avgj ev Gev`Z Ki‡jB) †c‡qB mš‘ó n‡eb| (evqnvKx)|

143

e¨‡qi †¶‡Î A_©‰bwZK mybœvn& A‡bK gymwjg cÖkœ K‡ib, Avgiv hw` e¨vs‡K Avgv‡`i mÂq bv ivwL, †gqv`x wnmv‡e bv ivwL, Z‡e mwÂZ A_© ivL‡ev †Kv_vq Ges wKfv‡e? GB mÂq Kv‡R jvMv‡ev wK K‡i? DËi nj, mwÂZ A_© e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e, Avj(vn&i c‡_ Ges mr Kv‡R| e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y| UvKv Rwg‡q ivLv hv‡ebv Avevi wejvwmZv K‡i Ace¨q Kiv hv‡e bv eis gvby‡li DcKv‡ii Rb¨ Ges Avj(vn&i hgx‡b Avj(vn& ZvÕ Avjvi AvBb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e, Bmjvwg wbqg-bxwZ msµvš— Awk¶v-Kzwk¶v `~ixKi‡Y e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e| hviv Bmjv‡gi bv‡g ivRbxwZ K‡i cÖK…Z c‡¶ †Kej e¨w³MZ I `jxq ¯v_© i¶v Ki‡Z Zviv e¨¯—, Zv‡`i cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e, `vwi`ª-we‡gvP‡b e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e| hLb Bbmv‡di wfwˇZ e¨q n‡q uvovq wejvwmZv Avi AcPq, ZLb e¨w³ Ges mgvR nq KjywlZ| c¶vš—‡i, hLb A_© wewb‡qvM Kiv nq gvbe m¤ú` Dbœqb, mvgvwRK Dbœqb Ges `vwi`ª-we‡gvP‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ZLb mgMÖ mgvR Ges ivóªxq A_©bxwZ jvfevb nq, `vwi`ª `~i nq| Avi hLb e¨q nq †RŠjym I AnwgKv cÖKv‡ki D‡Ï‡k¨ Ges hLb e¨q cwiYZ nq wbZvš— AcPq Ges wejvwmZvi †cQ‡b ZLb e¨w³ I mgvR nq aŸsmcÖvß| KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g Avj(vni wcÖq ev›`v‡`i m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q: Avi hLb Zviv LiP K‡i ZLb Zviv Ace¨qI K‡i bv, Kvc©Y¨I K‡i bv Ges Zv‡`i e¨q GB yB-Gi (AcPq Ges Kvc©Y¨) gvSvgvwS c‡_ n‡q _v‡K| (Avj-diK¡b 25:67)|

mnxn eyLvix‡Z Avey hvi (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: GKw`b imyj (m) Dû` ce©Z †`‡L ej‡jb, GB ce©ZwU hw` †mvbvq iƒcvš—wiZ K‡i Avgv‡K †`qv nq, Zvn‡jI wZbw`‡bi g‡a¨ Avwg me LiP K‡i †Kej GZUzKz cwigvY †i‡L †`‡ev| hv ivL‡ev ïaygvÎ FY cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨| (4:2224)|

A_©‰bwZK mybœvn& MV‡b c~‡e©v³ nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv wk¶v cvB †h A_© Rwg‡q ivLv Bmjv‡gi Av`k© bq eis Bmjvg wb‡ ©k †`q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †`qv wih&K (m¤ú`) Bbmv‡di wfwˇZ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wb‡`©wkZ c‡_ `ª“Z LiP K‡i †djvi| †hfv‡e imyjyj(vn& (m) Dû` ce©Z cwigvY ¯Y© gvÎ wZbw`‡b LiP K‡i †dj‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb| hLb A_©-m¤ú` Bbmv‡di wfwˇZ e›Ub I LiP Kiv nq ZLb †m m¤ú` A_© e¨e ’vq cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges A_© e¨e ’v‡K Pv½v K‡i †Zv‡j|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv m¤ú` gRy` Kiv‡K K‡Vvi fvlvq N„Yv K‡i m~iv ZvIevi 34-35 Avqv‡Z e‡j‡Qb:

†n Cgvb`vi †jv‡Kiv, (Avn‡j †KZve‡`i) eû cwÛZ I dwKi-`i‡ek Ggb Av‡Q, hviv Ab¨vq fv‡e mvaviY gvby‡li m¤ú` †fvM K‡i, Giv (Avj;vni ev›`vn‡`i)

144

Avj;vni c_ †_‡K wdwi‡q iv‡L| (G‡`i gv‡S) hvivB †mvbv-iƒcv Rwg‡q iv‡L Avi Zv Avj;vn&i wb‡`©wkZ c‡_ e¨q K‡i bv, Zzwg Zv‡`i KwVb cxov`vqK Avhv‡ei mymsev` `vI| (m~iv ZvIev, 9:34)|

(Ggb w`b Avm‡e) †hw`b (cyÄxf~Z) †mvbv-iƒcv‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸‡b DËß Kiv n‡e, AZci Zv w`‡q (hviv G¸wj‡K Rgv K‡i †i‡LwQ‡jv) Zv‡`i Kcv‡j, Zv‡`i cv‡k¦© I Zv‡`i wc‡V wPý (Gu‡K) †`qv n‡e Ges (Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ K‡i ejv n‡e), GB n‡”Q †Zvgv‡`i †m mKj m¤ú`, hv †Zvgiv wb‡R‡`i R‡b¨ Rgv K‡i †i‡LwQ‡j, AZGe hv wKQz †mw`b †Zvgiv Rgv K‡iwQ‡j (AvR) Zvi ¯v` MÖnY K‡iv| (m~iv ZvIev, 9:35)|

Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g K…cYZv‡K N„Yv K‡i‡Qb| hviv Kvc©Y¨ K‡i Zv‡`i Rb¨I i‡q‡Q KwVb kvw¯—:

†Zvgiv GK Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi AvbyMZ¨ K‡iv, †Kv‡bv wKQz‡K Zuvi mv‡_ Askx`vi evwb‡qv bv| wcZvgvZvi mv‡_ fvj e¨envi K‡iv, (Av‡iv) hviv (†Zvgv‡`i) Nwbô AvZ¥xq, BqvZxg, wgmwKb, AvZ¥xq cÖwZ‡ekx, AbvZ¥xq cÖwZ‡ekx (†Zvgvi) c_Pvix msMx I †Zvgvi AwaKvify³ (`vm-`vmxÑ G‡`i mevi mv‡_I fv‡jv e¨envi K‡iv) Aek¨B Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Ggb gvbyl‡K KL‡bv cQ›` K‡ib bv, †h AnsKvix I `vw¤¢K| (m~iv wbmv, 4:36)|

(Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv Ggb †jvK‡`iI fvjev‡mb bv) hviv wb‡Riv (†hgb) Kvc©Y¨ K‡i, (†Zgwb) Ab¨‡`iI Kvc©Y¨ Kivi Av‡`k K‡i, (ZvQvov) Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i hv wKQz (ab-m¤ú‡`i) AbyMÖn `vb K‡i‡Qb Zviv Zv jywK‡q iv‡L| Avgiv Kvwdi‡`i Rb¨ GK jvÃbv`vqK kvw¯—i e¨e ’v K‡i †i‡LwQ| (m~iv wbmv, 4:37)|

(Avj;vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`iI cQ›` K‡ib bv) hviv (†jvK) †`Lv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ wb‡R‡`i ab-m¤ú` e¨q K‡i, Zviv Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi I †kl wePv‡ii w`b‡KI wek¦vm K‡i bv, (Avi) kqZvb hw` †Kvb e¨w³i mv_x nq, Zvn‡j (eyS‡Z n‡e †h) †m e‡ov Lvivc mv_x (†c‡jv)| (m~iv wbmv, 4:38)|

K…cYZv‡K wbi“rmvwnZ K‡i imyj (m) wb‡Ri Rb¨ Ges wbR cwievie‡M©i Rb¨ cwiwgZ e¨q Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb, †Kbbv gnvb Avj;vn& cÖvPz‡h©i mydj Zvi ev›`v‡`i g‡a¨ †`L‡Z cQ›` K‡ib| (wZiwghx)|

Z‡e wb‡Ri Ges cwievie‡M©i Rb¨ AwZwi³ LiP Kiv, AcPq ev m¤ú‡`i Ace¨envi Kiv Bmjv‡g †Kvb Ae ’v‡qB evÃbxq bq| ZvB Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv m~iv ebx BmivB‡j wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb:

†Zvgiv AvZ¥xq¯Rb‡K Zv‡`i nK Av`vq K‡i w`‡e Ges wgmKxb I gymvdxi‡KI Ges †KvbcÖKvi Ace¨q - AcPq Ki‡e bv| Aek¨B AcPqKvixiv kqZv‡bi fvB Avi kqZvb n‡jv Zvi i‡ei cÖwZ LyeB AK…ZÁ| (m~iv ebx BmivBj, 17:26-27)|

145

nvjvj Lv`¨MÖn‡Yi Ges nvjvj DcvR©‡bi e¨vcv‡i Ges nvivg‡K eR©b Kivi wb‡ ©k w`‡q KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡g eû AvqvZ bvwhj n‡q‡Q Ges nv`x‡mI G e¨vcv‡i e¨vcKfv‡e Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| AZGe, gymwjg‡`i m`v m‡PZb Ges AbymÜvbx „wó ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i Zv‡`i Avq Ges m¤ú` nvjvj Ges mrc‡_ DcvwR©Z nq| Ab¨_vq, kqZvb‡KB AbymiY Kiv n‡e| nvivg Dcv‡q Avq †ivRMvi Kiv kqZvb‡K AbymiY KiviB bvgvš—i Ges G c_ gvbyl‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi w`‡K †V‡j wb‡q hvq| G c‡_ Av‡Q ïay Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhve Avi wKQz bq| Rvwei (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, nvivg †L‡q †e‡o IVv †`‡ni GKgvÎ ’vb Rvnvbœvg Ges †h †`n nvivg Øviv MwVZ I cÖwZcvwjZ, †m †`n Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|

Avey evK&i (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, †h nvivg Lv`¨ †L‡q‡Q A_ev nvivg Dcv‡q AwR©Z i“wR †L‡q‡Q †m KL‡bv Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bv| (evBnvKx)|

Avey Zvwggv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, gvbyl‡K KjywlZ K‡i me©cÖ_g Zvi D`i; ZvB gvby‡li DwPr ïaygvÎ nvjvj (Dcv‡q AwR©Z) Lv`¨ LvIqv|

Be&‡b Dgi (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, †KD hw` 10 w`invg w`‡q 1wU †cvlvK †K‡b hvi g‡a¨ 9 w`invg nvjvj i“wR Ges 1 w`invg nvivg i“wRi Zvn‡j †m hZ¶Y H †cvlvK cwiwnZ Ae ’vq _vK‡e Zvi †Kv‡bv Bev`ZB Keyj n‡e bv| GB e‡j wZwb Zvi `yB Kv‡b Av½yj w`‡q ej‡jb, Avgvi Kvb `ywU ewai n‡q hv‡e hw` GB eY©bv Avwg imyj (m) n‡Z bv ï‡b _vwK (evqnvKx)|

Avey ûivBiv (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z: imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, Ggb GKUv mgq Avm‡e hLb gvbyl Zvi i“wR †ivRMvi nvjvj bv nvivg †m e¨vcv‡i †gv‡UB wPš—v-fvebv Ki‡e bv, A_©vr, nvivg i“wR m¤ú‡K© Zvi †Kvb we‡eK KvR Ki‡e bv|1 (mnxn eyLvix, 4:1948, c„: 26)|

1 bvDhywej(vn, GLb Avgiv †mB mgq AwZevwnZ KiwQ †h mgqKvi gvbyl i“wR †ivRMv‡ii wel‡q nvjvj-nviv‡gi c‡ivqv K‡i bv|

Lv`¨ Drcv`b cyuwRev`x A_©bxwZi K‡c©v‡iU wek¦ AvR ïay Zv‡`i ywbqvex ¯v_© Ges cÖZviYv I RvwjqvwZi gva¨‡g jv‡fi K_vB wPš—v K‡i| ZvB mZZv I ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva Zv‡`i g‡a¨ G‡Kev‡iB Abycw ’Z| K…wÎg wkïLv`¨ e¨emvqx I eûRvwZK †Kv¤úvbx, †gvevBj mvwf©m Acv‡iUi Ges Zv‡`i †`kxq G‡R›U Ges ZvgvK e¨emvqx ev wmMv‡iU †Kv¤úvbx¸wji AvMÖvmx evwYR¨-bxwZ Gi D¾¡j „óvš—| hy³ivóª Ges BD‡ivcxq †`k¸wj `w¶Y Avwd«Kvi †kZv½ miKv‡ii cÖwZ AÜ mg_©b K‡iwQj|

146

ZvB Gi wbcxwoZ K…òv½‡`i c‡¶ mvivwek¦e¨vcx hLb cÖwZev‡`i So eBwQj ZL‡bv eY©ev`x †kZv½ miKv‡ii cÖwZ cwðgv †`k¸wji AÜ mg_©b cuywRev` A_©bxwZi Aci GKwU `„óvš—| BmivB‡ji cÖwZI hy³ivR¨-hy³iv‡óªi AÜ mg_©b G ai‡bi cuywRev`x A_©bxwZiB Ask|

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147

e¨vcK MYmP‡ZbZv m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖvK…wZK Lv`¨ I cÖvK…wZKfv‡e Drcvw`Z Lv‡`¨i e¨vcv‡i DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖvK…wZK Dcv‡q Lv`¨ Drcv`b cÖKí wek¦gymwjg‡`i Rb¨ GKUv bZzb m¤¢vebvi Øvi D¤§y³ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| mvaviY gvbyl hLb m‡PZb n‡e K‡c©v‡iU ms ’v¸wji Drcvw`Z Lv`¨ m¯—v n‡jI ZLb Avi †KD Zv wKb‡e bv †Kbbv Gme Lv`¨ A‡bK †iv‡Mi KviY n‡q ‡`k I RvwZi e¨‡qi cwiwa evovq GgbwK g„Zz¨i w`‡K ‡V‡j wb‡q hvq| hLb gvbyl K…wÎg Lv‡`¨i GB mKj ¶wZKi welq eyS‡Z cvi‡e ZLb †ekx g~j¨ w`‡q n‡jI cÖvK…wZKfv‡e Drcbœ Lv`¨ e¨env‡i Zviv Drmvnx n‡e| Avi evRv‡i hLb cÖvK…wZK Lv‡`¨i Pvwn`v †e‡o hv‡e K‡c©v‡iU wek¦ ZLb Zv‡`i e¨emv ¸wU‡q wb‡Z eva¨ n‡e| myZivs gymwjg we‡k¦i Rb¨ GLbB Dchy³ mgq mKj ¶wZKi Lv`¨ mvgMÖx Zvwo‡q w`‡q cÖvK…wZK Dcv‡q Drcvw`Z Lv`¨ mvgMÖx mieiv‡ni e¨e ’v Kiv| cÖvK…wZK Dcv‡q Drcvw`Z Lv‡`¨i cÖK…Z D‡Ïk¨ I j¶ AR©‡b m¶g n‡j ZLb Lv`¨ n‡e-

1) cywó I kw³i Drm|

2) wewfbœ †iv‡Mi cÖwZ‡laK ev wbivgqKvix Dcv`vb|

3) K¨vÝvi I Ab¨vb¨ ¯í I `xN©‡gqv`x †iv‡Mi cÖwZ‡ivaK|

4) cwi‡ek evÜe|

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Avey ûivBiv (iv) Gi eY©bvq ivmyj (m) e‡j‡Qb, AwP‡iB A‡bK wdZ&bv †`Lv w`‡e| ZLb Dcweó e¨w³ uvovb e¨w³i PvB‡Z DËg, uvovb e¨w³ c`vPvix e¨w³i †P‡q DËg, c`vPvix e¨w³ avegvb e¨w³i †P‡q DËg| †h e¨w³ †drbvi w`‡K ZvKv‡e wdZ&bv Zv‡K †c‡q em‡e| †KD hw` †Kvb Avkªq ’j wKsev wbivc` RvqMv cvq, Zvn‡j †m †hb †mLv‡bB AvZ¥i¶v K‡i| (mnxn eyLvix, 10:6488, c„:345, I gymwjg 7:6983, c„:363)|

148

GLv‡b j¶¨bxq †h gymwjg RvwZ hLb y»Lvgvi Ges K…wlKv‡R wb‡qvwRZ n‡e ZLb Zv †h ïay Zv‡`i nvjvj Avq evwo‡q †`‡e Zv-B bq, Zv‡`i‡K ivmvqwbK mvi I ni‡gvb e¨envi K‡i Drcbœœ ¶wZKi `~wlZ Lv`¨ MÖnY †_‡KI i¶v Ki‡e| †mB mv‡_ hv‡`i m¤ú` Mevw` cï Ges K…wl f~wg AvKv‡i msiw¶Z _vK‡e Zviv Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi cÖwZwbqZ g~j¨ùxwZ Ges `ªe¨g~‡j¨i DשMwZi ¶wZ †_‡K myiw¶Z _vK‡e| µgvMZ gy ªvùxwZi hy‡M gymwjgiv Zv‡`i K…wlRwg, M„ncvwjZ cï wewµ K‡i bv w`‡j Zv‡`i m¤ú` Aeg~j¨vqb †_‡K i¶v cv‡e| Avi †h kªwgK‡K Kv¸‡R gy`ªvq Zv‡`i kª‡gi g~j¨ cwi‡kva Kiv nq ZvivB n‡e ¶wZMÖ ’| Av‡iv ¶wZMÖ ’ n‡e hviv Zv‡`i M„ncvwjZ cï A_ev K…wlRwg Kv¸‡R gy`ªvi wewbg‡q wewµ Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡e| Zviv w`‡b w`‡b `wi ª †_‡K Av‡iv `wi`ªZi n‡Z _vK‡e Ges GK ch©v‡q avi-‡`bvq Rwo‡q c‡o `v`b LvU‡Z eva¨ n‡q co‡e| †m my‡hv‡M †jvfx jyÚbKvix e¨emvqxiv Amnvq RbM‡Yi kª‡g gybvdv jyU‡Z _vK‡e|

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149

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my` ev wiev wfwËK e¨emvi cwie‡Z© Bmjvwg e¨emv I wewb‡qvM c×wZ mdj Ki‡Z n‡j Giƒc wewb‡qv‡M e¨vcKnv‡i gymwjg‡`i AskMÖnY DrmvwnZ I AvK…ó Ki‡Z n‡e| wiev gy³ wewb‡qvMKvix ms ’v ’vc‡bi †Póv P‡j G‡m‡Q eûw`b a‡i wKš‘ G¸wj mdj nqwb c×wZMZ wKQz ΓwUi Kvi‡Y| ZvQvov †h‡nZz Rvnwjq‡Zi cybt cÖ‡e‡ki Kvi‡Y mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ avivevwnKfv‡e P‡j Avmv wievi Kzdj m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv M‡o †Zvjv nqwb| Zv‡`i‡K wiev †_‡K Ny‡i uvov‡bvi Rb¨ mycwiKwíZ e¨e ’vcbvi gva¨‡g †Rvov‡jv AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv nqwb| h_vh_ e¨vL¨v I hyw³ Zv‡`i mvg‡b Zz‡j aiv nqwb; Zv‡`i †evSv‡bv nqwb †h Bmjv‡g Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv e¨emv‡K nvjvj K‡i‡Qb Ges wiev ev my`x †jb‡`b‡K nvivg †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb K‡Vvi fvlvq (2:275)| wiev-gy³ wewb‡qvMKvixiv mdj n‡Z cv‡iwb Ges D‡`¨v³iv RbMY‡K †evSv‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Qb †h e¨emv hw` mr fv‡e Avj(vni

1 Avey ûivBiv (iv) †K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb, imyj (m) e‡j‡Qb †h Askx`vix e¨emvq mZZv I b¨v‡qi c¶ _v‡K †m e¨emvq Avwg Avgvi Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi yÕRb Askx`v‡ii mv‡_ Z…Zxq c‡¶i GKRb Askx`vi| †h gyû‡Z© H e¨emv‡Z VKevRx, †auvKvevRx, cÖ‡ek K‡i †m gyû‡Z© Avgvi Askx`vwiZ¡ cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i †bB Ges kqZvb †mLv‡b cÖ‡ek K‡i| (Avey `vD`; ivwhb kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ek K_vUzKz ms‡hvRb K‡i‡Qb-nv`x‡m Kz`mx|) myZivs cvi¯úwiK mZZv I wek¦ —Zv Z_v Cgvbx †PZbv n‡jv Askx`vix e¨emvi Ab¨Zg g~jab| gymwjg‡`i gv‡S Askx`vix e¨emvq wewb‡qvM gva¨g n‡Z n‡e w`bvi ev ¯Y©gy ªvq| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv KZ…©K †mvbv m„wó Ab¨vb¨ Kvi‡Yi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KviY nj wewbgq gva¨g wn‡m‡e †mvbvi e¨envi|

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150

e¨vswKsÕ Pvjy i‡q‡Q Zv mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© wiev-gy³ bq| (hw`I †KD †KD cÖvYc‡b †Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q wievgy³ e¨vswKs cÖwZôvq|)

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gymwjg fvB-‡evb‡`i Bmjvwg e¨emv I wewb‡qvM †Kv¤úvbx‡Z (Islamic Business

and Investment Companies - IBIC) wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ cÖ_‡g Avgv‡`i †h mKj c`‡¶c †bqv Avek¨K Zv n‡jv-

1) mycwiKwíZfv‡e MYwk¶vi e¨vcK Kvh©µg MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g gymwjg‡`i we¯—vwiZfv‡e †evSv‡Z n‡e wiev wK, wievi wewfbœ iƒc¸wj wK wK?

2) Bmjv‡g KZ K‡Vvifv‡e wiev wbwl× †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges hviv wievi mv‡_ †Kvb bv †Kvbfv‡e RwoZ Zv‡`i Rb¨ wK ai‡bi KwVb kvw¯— A‡c¶v Ki‡Q, Ges †m kvw¯— wKqvgvZ I nvk‡ii c~‡e© Ke‡iB ïi“ n‡q hv‡e| GgbwK wKQz wKQz kvw¯— ev Avhve `ywbqv‡ZI †fvM Kiv‡bv Am¤¢e wKQz bq| G wel‡q gymwjgMY m‡PZb n‡q wiev wfwËK †jb‡`b Z¨vM bv Ki‡j Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges Zuvi imyj (m) Zv‡`i wec‡¶ hy× cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡eb (2:279)|

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151

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wnmve ev †gqv`x wnmv‡e †Kvb ARynv‡ZB A_© Rgv ivLvi cÖ‡qvRb co‡e bv| ÷K G·‡P‡Äi AwbwðZ cuywRev`x c×wZ‡ZI gymwjg‡`i hvIqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv|

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1) bvw¯—K I Bûw` m¤cÖ vq KZ…©K Bmjvg Ges gymwjg‡`i Dci cwiPvwjZ Avµgb I †bwZevPK cÖPviYvi wei“‡× †mv”Pvi n‡q RbgZ M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e Ges gymwjg D¤§vn&‡K HK¨e× Kivi cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e|

2) ÔAvaywbKÕ Kw_Z Bmjvwg ¯‹jvi‡`i Øviv AvaywbKvq‡b Ace¨vL¨vi cÖZz¨Ë‡i Bmjvwg wk¶vi h_vh_ e¨vL¨v-weeiY w`‡q mvaviY gymwjg‡K c_åó nIqv †_‡K euvPv‡bvi †Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡e| gvIjvbv gynv¤§` dRjyi ingvb Avbmvix (in) Gi ‘The Quranic Foundations and Structure of Muslim Society’ G ai‡bi GKwU MÖš’|

3) G ai‡bi cÖKvkbvi gva¨‡g AvaywbK, ag©wbi‡c¶ wkw¶Z mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q Bmjv‡gi cÖK…Z wk¶v Zz‡j aiv hv‡e, hvi d‡j Zviv Rvb‡Z Ges eyS‡Z cvi‡e Avm‡j eZ©gvb wek¦gvbeZv †h RwUj, wec¾bK eûgyLx mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Q| hvi h_vh_ e¨e ’vcbv I mgvavb i‡q‡Q ïaygvÎ Bmjv‡g Avi †Kv_vI †bB|

4) KyiÕAvbyj Kvixg †h GKgvÎ Avj(vni KvQ †_‡KB G‡m‡Q Ges KyiÕAv‡b GKgvÎ Avj(vni wb‡ ©kbv mg~nB wjwce× Av‡Q, †Kv‡bv gvbyl GB cweÎ wKZv‡ei †jLK bb, GB gnvmZ¨ Agymwjg‡`i Ges GKB mv‡_ Ôag© wbi‡c¶Õ gymwjg‡`i Kv‡Q †Rvov‡jvfv‡e Zz‡j aiv m¤¢e n‡e|

5) †h GjvKvq GB cÖKvkbv †K›`ª _vK‡e †m GjvKv‡K NvwU wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡i mvaviY gymwjg RbMY‡K Cgvbx †PZbv cybtcÖwZôvi Rb¨ cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv n‡e Ges Bmjvwg AvBb †gvZv‡eK Lwjdv ev Bgvg GB msNe× mgvRwUi †bZ…Z¡ w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

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Giƒc Bmjvwg cÖKvkbv †K›`ª ’vbxq gymwjg ¯‹jvi I wPš—vwe`‡`i ’vbxq mgm¨v wPwýZ K‡i †m¸wji mgvavb wel‡q M‡elYv cÎ, eB Ges wewfbœ wk¶v DcKiY cÖKvkbviI my‡hvM K‡i †`‡e †h my‡hvM eZ©gv‡b †bB ej‡jB P‡j| cÖKvkbv wefvMwU evwYwR¨K D‡Ï‡k¨I ’vcb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i hv GKwU Bmjvwg c×wZ‡Z ˆea I jvfRbK cÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e M‡o DV‡e|

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Abyiƒcfv‡e, Biv‡b Bgvg †Lv‡gbxi Wv‡K mvaviY RbMY mvov w`‡qwQj †Kbbv wZwb ZrKvjxb Bivbx kvmK †Mvwôi evB‡i Ae ’vb KiwQ‡jb Ges †kvlK‡Mvwôi †`qv †Kvb cÖKvi my‡hvM myweav cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡iwQ‡jb|

Bmjvwg ivóª ’vc‡bi cÖ‡Póv KL‡bvB mdj n‡e bv hZ¶Y †bZviv eZ©gv‡bi Avj(vn‡ ªvnx ivR‰bwZK e¨e ’vcbv Øviv cwiPvwjZ n‡Z _vK‡eb| gvIjvbv gI`y`x (in) GB fyjUvB K‡iwQ‡jb hLb wZwb cvwK¯—v‡b Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK w`‡jb wKš‘ Zvi cÖwZwôZ RvgvAv-‡Z Bmjvwg `j‡K †m †`‡ki kvmbZš¿ †gvZv‡eK ivR‰bwZK

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`j wn‡m‡e wbewÜZ Kiv‡jb Ges cvwK¯—v‡b ivR‰bwZK avivi g‡a¨ Rwo‡q †M‡jb| Bmjvwg wec(e I Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZ…Z¡ ZLbB mdj n‡e hLb Zv wbgœwjwLZ ˆewkó¨ AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e t

1) gymwjg D¤§vn‡K KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡gi wb‡ ©wkZ c‡_ GKwbô fv‡e Pj‡Z n‡e| bvmviv (Lªxóvb), Bûw` I wn›`y m¤cÖ v‡qi mv‡_ †Kvbiƒc wbf©ikxjZvi m¤úK© _vK‡e bv| A_©vr, Avgv‡`i wn›`y-Lªxóvb, Bûw`‡`i Øviv cÖwZwôZ `yóP‡µi kqZvbx cÖfve †_‡K gymwjg‡`i me©ve ’vq i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wb‡R‡`i ¯vaxbZv I Cgvbx †PZbv eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| gymwjg‡`i‡K eÜzZ¡ Ki‡Z n‡e ïaygvÎ Avj(vn ZvÕAvjvi mš‘wói Rb¨| cwðgv †`¸‡jvi mv‡_ m¤úK© ’vc‡b gymwjg‡`i‡K mZK©Zv Aej¤^Y Ki‡Z n‡e †Kbbv cwðgv †`k¸wji hveZxq Kvh©Kjvc Bmjv‡gi wei“‡×B cwiPvwjZ, evKx i‡q‡Q ïay cÖKv‡k¨ Bmjv‡gi wei“‡× hy× †NvlYv| Avj-KyiÕAv‡b Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv gyÕwgb‡`i mZK© K‡i‡Qb:1

†n Cgvb`vi e¨w³iv, †Zvgiv (KL‡bv) Avgvi I †Zvgv‡`i `ykgb‡`i wb‡R‡`i eÜz wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ivbv, (GUv †Kgb K_v †h) †Zvgiv Zv‡`i cÖwZ `qv †`Lv”Q! (A_P) †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q †h mZ¨ (Øxb) G‡m‡Q Zviv Zv‡K A¯xKvi K‡i‡Q, Zviv Avj;vni imyj Ges †Zvgv‡`i‡K (Rb¥f~wg †_‡K) †ei K‡i w`‡”Q| ïay G Kvi‡Y †h, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i ie Avj;vni Dci Cgvb G‡b‡Qv| hw` †Zvgiv (mwZ¨B) Avgvi c‡_ †Rnv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ I AvgviB mš‘wó AR©‡bi j‡¶¨ (Ni evox †_‡K) †ewi‡q _v‡Kv, Zvn‡j wKfv‡e †Zvgiv Pz‡c Pz‡c Zv‡`i mv‡_ (Avevi) eÜzZ¡ ’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡iv| †Zvgiv †h KvR †Mvc‡b K‡iv Avi †h KvR cÖKv‡k¨ K‡iv Avwg Zv Lye fvj fv‡eB AeMZ AvwQ| †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hw` †KD ( ykgb‡`i mv‡_ †Mvc‡b eÜzZ¡ Movi) G KvRwU K‡i Zvn‡j †m (Øx‡bi) mij c_ †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡q †M‡Q| (m~iv gygZvwnbvn&, 60:1)| 1 †n gyÕwgbMY †Zvgiv KL‡bv wb‡R‡`i `jfy³ †jvKRb Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K eÜz evwb‡qv bv, †Kbbv Zviv †Zvgv‡`i ¶wZmva‡bi †Kvb c_B Aej¤b Ki‡Z wØav Ki‡e bv| Zviv me©`v †Zvgv‡`i ¶wZ I aŸsmB Kvgbv K‡i| Zv‡`i RNb¨ cÖwZwnsmv Zv‡`i gy‡L †_‡KB cÖKvk cv‡”Q| Z‡e Zv‡`i Aš—‡i jyKv‡bv wnsmv-we‡Øl evB‡i hv cÖKvwkZ n‡”Q Zvi †_‡KI gvivZ¥K| Avgiv me wb`k©b I Lei LyjvLywj eqvb K‡i w`jvg †Zvgv‡`i hw` mwZ¨ mwZ¨B we‡eK-eyw× _v‡K Zvn‡j mZK© n‡Z cvi‡e| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:118)| †n (†jvK mKj †Zvgiv) hviv Cgvb G‡bQ! †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ n‡Z hviv Øxb †_‡K †ei n‡q hv‡e (hvK) AZci kxNÖB Avj(vn ZvÕAvjv Ggb (KIg) RvwZ (m„wó K‡i) Avb‡eb hv‡`i‡K wZwb gynveŸvZ K‡ib Avevi ZvivI Zuv‡K gynveŸvZ Ki‡e| Zviv n‡e gyÕwgb‡`i cÖwZ webqx Ges Kvwdi‡`i cÖwZ K‡Vvi| Zvibv wRnv` Ki‡e Avj(vni iv¯—vq Ges Zviv wb›`vKvixi wb›`v‡K fq (c‡ivqv) Ki‡e bv| wbðB †Zvgv‡`i eÜz n‡”Qb Avj(vn Ges Zuvi imyj, Avi (Zviv) hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q, mvjvZ Kvwqg K‡i‡Q, hvKvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Q Ges Zviv i“KzKvix (myiv gvB`vn& 5:54, 55)|

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3) wbcxwoZ‡`i wkw¶Z I m‡PZb K‡i Zzj‡Z n‡e, RvwM‡q Zzj‡Z n‡e Zv‡`i myß Cgvb, wPš—vkw³ I Kg©¶gZv‡K| hv‡Z K‡i Zviv eyS‡Z cv‡i †h Zviv ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges Øxwb welq mew`K †_‡KB wbcxwoZ n‡q P‡j‡Q, GB RvMi‡Yi Ab¨Zg ¸i“Z¡c~Y© w`K n‡e Zv‡`i‡K wiev Ges wievRwbZ wbcxob I wievi aŸsmvZ¥K ¶wZ m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb K‡i Zv‡`i myß †PZbv‡K RvMÖZ Kiv, hv‡Z Zviv wievi wei“‡× †mv”Pvi n‡Z cv‡i Ges eR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i wievhy³ mKj cÖKvi †jb‡`b|

4) A_©‰bwZK wbcxob Z_v wiev wfwËK wbcxob‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i Gi wei“‡× †mv”Pvi n‡Z n‡e Ges G‡K †h †Kvb g~‡j¨ gyKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡e|

5) kvwš—c~Y© cš’vq hw` wbcxwoZ‡`i D×vi Kiv m¤¢e bv nq Z‡e wbcxwoZ‡`i c‡¶ cÖ‡qvR‡b msNe× n‡q mk ¿ msMÖv‡g bvg‡Z n‡e|

cÖ_‡gB gymwjg ivóªmg~‡ni wbcxwoZ‡`i D×vi Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvici wek¦e¨vcx Ab¨vb¨ wbcxwoZ‡`i c‡¶ hy× Ki‡Z n‡e| G Rb¨ me©cÖ_g cÖ‡qvRb wLjvdvn ev Bmjvwg ivóª cÖwZôv Kiv| Gi Rb¨ wnRi‡Zi c~‡e© wbh©vwZZ gymwjgiv †h bxwZ Aej¤b K‡iwQ‡jb †m bxwZ Aej¤b K‡i G¸‡Z n‡e A_©vr bxie cÖwZev`, bxie cÖZ¨vL¨vb w`‡q gyw³hy× ïi“ Ki‡Z n‡e| GB Kg©KvÛ cwiPvjbv K‡i eywS‡q w`‡Z n‡e †h gymwjg‡`i Cgvb wki&K, Kzdi I wbdv‡Ki (gybv‡dKxi) exR Øviv KjywlZ n‡q hvqwb Ges Zv aŸsm n‡q hvqwb|

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wiev Ges `vi“j nvie (msNv‡Zi mvgªvR¨) A‡bK gymwjg fvB‡evb wiev wel‡q bvbv iKg cÖkœ K‡ib| †KD †KD Avevi DjvgvM‡Yi eivZ w`‡q gZ cÖKvk K‡ib †h Ô`vi“j nvi‡eÕ wiev welqK †Kvb cÖkœ †Zvjv Aevš—i| Ab¨vb¨iv Aek¨ GB gZev‡`i wei“‡× cvëv cÖkœ K‡ib| GB gZev`wU mwVK bv fyj †m e¨vcv‡i Av‡jvPbvi Av‡M Rvb‡Z n‡e `vi“j nvie wK?

`vi“j nvie

m~iv Avj AvÔivd Gi 128 b¤i Avqv‡Z Avj(vn& †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb: G gnvwek¦ Ges Zv‡Z Aew ’Z me wKQzB Zuvi, mewKQziB gvwjK wZwb| wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb: Zuvi wek¦vmx, b¨vqcivqY Ges †hvM¨ ev›`vivB `ywbqvi †bZ…Z¡ `v‡bi `vwqZ¡ cv‡e| (21:105)| G `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q g~jZ c„w_ex‡Z ÔmvjvgÕ i¶vi wb‡ ©k| (10:25)| ÔmvjvgÕ A_© Ôkvwš—Õ; ÔwbivcËvÕ; ÔAg½j‡K `~‡i ivLvÕ ÔmvjvgÕ Ae ’vi weNœ N‡U| hLb ye©‡ji Dci wbcxob Pvjv‡bv nq, hLb AvMÖvmx KvR Kiv nq, hLb AvMÖvmb Pvjv‡bv nq Ges wbcxwoZ, wbh©vwZZ gvbyliv Avj(vn ZvÔAvjvi Kv‡Q wePvi †P‡q bxi‡e wbf„‡Z Kuv‡`| GB mKj wbh©vZb, wbcxo‡bi cÖwZev‡` msMÖvg Kivi wb‡`©k G‡m‡Q ¯qs Avj(vn ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K| cÖK…Zc‡¶ Ggb msMÖvg‡K eva¨ZvgyjK ev dih Kiv n‡q‡Q hv‡Z K‡i gymwjgiv hy× K‡i wbcxwoZ, wbh©vwZZ, †kvwlZ, wbM„nxZ, `yt ’ RbMY‡K gy³ K‡i mZ¨ Bmjv‡gi cZvKvZ‡j wb‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i (4:75)|

Aviex fvlvq (nvie) k‡ãi A_© hy×| ZvB †h †`‡k gymwjgiv wbh©vwZZ, wbcxwoZ, wbM„nxZ †m †`k‡K Ô`vi“j nvieÕ ev ÔmsNv‡Zi mvgªvR¨Õ e‡j| Avj-KyiÕAvb Ges nv`x‡m Ggb †Kvb K_v ev Bw½Z †bB hv Øviv `vi“j nvi‡e wiev‡K ˆea ev nvjvj Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Kvb †Kvb †`‡k nvbvdx m¤cÖ v‡q GKUv fyj gZev` Aejxivq AZ¨š— wec¾bKfv‡e cÖPjb Kiv n‡q‡Q| gZev`wU nj `vi“j nvie G wiev ˆea ev nvjvj KviY †mLv‡b †jb‡`b nq ÔnviexÕ ev `vi“j nvieevmx‡`i mv‡_| wKš‘ GB gZev`wU G‡Kev‡iB wg_¨v I ev‡bvqvU| m~iv evKvivi 275 bs Avqv‡Zi Zvdmxi ev e¨vL¨v Abyhvqx wiev GKai‡bi †Rvic~e©K Puv`vevwR| Puv`vevwR †h KL‡bv ˆea n‡Z cv‡i bv GUv Avgv‡`i mK‡jiB Rvbv|

c„w_exi †Kvb GKUv f~-LÛ‡K `vi“j nvie ZLbB ejv hv‡e, hw` c„w_exi Ab¨ †Kvb f~-L‡Û `vi“j Bmjv‡gi Aw¯—Z¡ _v‡K| A_P eZ©gvb we‡k¦ mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© `vi“j Bmjv‡gi Aw¯—Z¡ †bB, GgbwK cweÎ g°v Ges gw`bv kn‡iI `vi“j

158

Bmjvg †bB| ZrKvjxb mg‡q wewkó wPš—vwe`, wk¶vwe` gvIjvbv gvbvwRi Avnmvb wRjvbxi c‡¶ Abyaveb Kiv m¤¢e wQj bv †h `vi“j Bmjv‡gi Aw¯—Z¡ wejxb n‡q †M‡Q| 1924 mv‡j wLjvdvn aŸs‡mi ci, 1926 mv‡j Kvq‡iv‡Z AbywôZ wLjvdvn Ks‡MÖm Abyôv‡bi mgqI Avj AvRnvi wek¦we`¨vjq Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡iwb †h cÖK…Zc‡¶ `vi“j Bmjv‡gi Aemvb N‡U‡Q|

GKwU f~-LÛ ev †`k‡K `vi“j Bmjvg ev Bmjv‡gi mvgªvR¨ AvL¨vwqZ Kivi Av‡M †`L‡Z n‡e †m f~-L‡Û miKvi Ges RbMY Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wb‡ ©wkZ c‡_ Av‡Q wKbv Ges Zuvi msweavb †g‡b Pj‡Q wK bv| †Kbbv H f~-L‡Ûi gvbe iwPZ cÖPwjZ AvB‡bi Dci ’vb cv‡e Avj(vni AvBb| `ytLRbK n‡jI mZ¨ †h, eZ©gvb we‡k¦i †Kv_vI Ggb GKwU f~-LÛ †bB †hLv‡b Avj(vni AvBb-weav‡b ivóª P‡j| RvwZms‡Ni PvU©v‡ii 24 Ges 25 b¤i AvwU©‡Kj yÕwU Abyhvqx RvwZms‡Ni wbivcËv cwil`B m‡e©v”P ¶gZvi AwaKvix|

AvwU©‡Kj 24 : RvwZmsN KZ…©K ª“Z Ges Kvh©Kix c`‡¶c †bqvi Rb¨ Gi m`m¨iv wbivcËv cwil`‡K cÖv_wgKfv‡e Avš—R©vwZK kvwš— I wbivcËv i¶vi `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Q Ges m`m¨‡`i c¶ †_‡K wbivcËv cwil`‡K GB KvR Kivi `vwqZ¡ w`‡q P‡j‡Q|

AvwU©‡Kj 25 : RvwZms‡Ni PvU©vi Abyhvqx m`m¨ †`k¸wj wbivcËv cwil‡` M„nxZ wm×vš— mg~n cvjb Ki‡Z A½xKvive×|

RvwZms‡Ni D³ PvU©vi 26†k Ryb 1945 mB Kiv nq hy³iv‡óªi mvb d«vwÝm‡Kv kn‡i Ges Kvh©Kix nq 24†k A‡±vei 1945 †_‡K| †m mgq AwaKvsk gymwjg †`k mvgªvR¨ev`x cwðgv †`k¸wji Kv‡Q civaxb _vK‡jI †mŠ`x Avie ¯vaxb wQj Z_vwcI †mŠ`x miKvi H mb‡` ¯v¶i K‡i|

Bivb, my`vb, cvwK¯—vb, evsjv‡`k, gvj‡qwkqv mn we‡k¦i mKj (cwiP‡q) gymwjg †`k¸wj hviv RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ Zviv mK‡jB H Pzw³ Abyhvqx RvwZms‡Ni wbivcËv cwil`‡K me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix e‡j gvb‡Z eva¨| Ab¨K_vq ejv hvq, gnvb mªóv Avj(vn ZvÔAvjv †h me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix †m K_v ev` w`‡q Ges fy‡j wM‡q Zviv K‡qKRb Av`g mš—v‡bi mxwgZ Ávb D™¢yZ cwil`‡K me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix wn‡m‡e ¯xKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Q| A_P 2003 mv‡j BivK Avµgb Kivi mgq ¯qs hy³ivóª GB Pzw³ Agvb¨ K‡i wb‡Ri nv‡Z AvBb Zz‡j wb‡q BivK‡K aŸsm K‡i‡Q Ges wb‡R‡`i AvwacZ¨ we¯—vi K‡i‡Q| A_P (Kw_Z) gymwjg wek¦ Gi wei“‡× †Kvb Kvh©Kix e¨e ’vB MÖnY K‡iwb Ges †Kvb †PóvI K‡iwb|

159

†Kvb GKwU f~-LÛ‡K `vi“j Bmjvg e‡j wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡j †`L‡Z n‡e †m †`‡k/ f~-L‡Û Bmjvwg AvBb Abyhvqx gymwjg‡`i AwaKvi msi¶Y Ki‡Q wK bv| †m AwaKvi¸wj nj-

1) `vi“j Bmjv‡g Aev‡a cÖ‡ekvwaKvi †Kvbiƒc wfmv-cvm‡cv‡U©i cÖ‡qvRb co‡e bv|

2) webv evavq emev‡mi AwaKvi

3) IqvK© cviwgU QvovB RxweKv AR©‡bi AwaKvi

4) ivóªxq Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi

5) Ae ’v‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb gymwj‡gi bvMwiKZ¡ cvIqvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv cÖZ¨vnvi

eZ©gvb we‡k¦ †Kvb gymwjg ivóªB Avi gymwjg‡`i Dc‡iv³ AwaKvi¸wji cÖwZ m¤§vb †`Lvq bv| gymwjg RvwZ‡K eZ©gv‡b m¼xY© RvZxqZvev`xi nxbgb¨Zv †c‡q e‡m‡Q Ges Bmjvwg wk¶v I AvB‡b AÁZv ekZ Zviv Dc‡iv³ AwaKvi¸wji wecix‡Z KvR K‡i D‡ëv Av‡iv we‡ivwaZv K‡i Avm‡Q| A_P, `vi“j Bmjv‡gi GB AwaKvi¸wj BD‡ivcxqiv MÖnY K‡i BD‡ivcxq †Mvwô MVb K‡i‡Q Ges mKj BD‡ivcxq bvMwi‡Ki Rb¨ H AwaKvi¸wj cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q|

GKgvÎ GKRb Avgxi“j gyÕwgbxb cv‡ib †Kv‡bv f~-LÛ‡K `vi“j Bmjvg e‡j †NvlYv Ki‡Z| 1914 m‡b †klev‡ii gZ B¯—v¤^y‡j GKRb Lwjdv Ggb †NvlYv w`‡qwQ‡jb| weMZ †mŠ`x ivRv GKevi BmivB‡ji wei“‡× †Rnv` †NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb wKš‘ c‡i gyû‡Z©B Zv fy‡j wM‡qwQ‡jb| Avevi 1991 mv‡j DcmvMixq hy‡×i c~‡e© wRnv‡`i WvK †`qv n‡qwQj| gymwjgiv hw` mwZ¨Kvi fv‡e `vi“j Bmjvg cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cv‡i Z‡e †m f~-L‡Û emevmKvix gymwjgiv Bmjvwg cÖ_v Abyhvqx Lwjdv ev Avgxi“j gyÕwgbxb wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| †mB Lwjdv ZLb Bmjvwg AvBb-weavb Abyyhvqx †h mg¯— †`kmg~‡n gymwjg‡`i ¯v_© I AwaKvi Le© n‡q P‡j‡Q, hy³ivóª, †mŠ`x Avie Ges evsjv‡`k mn †m me †`k¸wj‡K `vi“j nvie e‡j †NvlYv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

hLb †Kv‡bv f~-LÛ‡K `vi“j nvie wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Kiv nq, ZLb †m f~-L‡Û †Kvb gymwj‡gi emevm wbwl× n‡q hvq| hw` Kv‡iv †mLv‡b †Kvb mvgwqK KvR ev cÖ‡qvRb _v‡K Zvn‡j ª“Z †m KvR ev cÖ‡qvRb †k‡l Zv‡K `vi“j Bmjv‡g wd‡i †h‡Z nq|

nviex ev `vi“j nvie-evmx Ggb GK `j hv‡`i mv‡_ gymwjgiv _vK‡e (me© v/m`v) hy×iZ| myZivs hy‡×i wbqg bxwZ Abyhvqx †h †Kvb gymwjg GKRb

160

nviex‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb †h †Kvb mg‡q| myZivs hy³ivóª hw` `vi“j nvie nq Zvn‡j GKRb gymwjg Bmjvwg AvBb weavb Abyhvqx †h †Kvb Agymwjg Av‡gwiKvb (Z_v nviex) †K nZ¨v Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GKRb nviex Aek¨ wbivc‡` `vi“j Bmjv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i, hw` †Kvb gymwjg bi-bvix Zv‡K AbygwZ †`q| †m‡¶‡Î Ab¨ †Kvb gymwjg Zv‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv hZ¶Y †m `vi“j Bmjv‡g Ae ’vb Ki‡e|

GKRb gymwjg GKRb nviexi m¤úwËI `Lj Ki‡Z cv‡ib hy‡×i wbqgvbyhvqx| †mB wn‡m‡e Av‡gwiKv hw` `vi“j nvie nq, Z‡e Av‡gwiKvb‡`i m¤úwË `Lj Kiv ˆea n‡e!

Av‡gwiKv ev †h †Kvb Agymwjg †`k‡K `vi“j nvie wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i †mLv‡b wiev wfwËK †jb-‡`b Kivi Av‡M gymwjg‡`i Dc‡iv³ welq¸wj eyS‡Z n‡e Ges we‡k(lY Ki‡Z n‡e|

†Kvb gymwjg hw` g‡b K‡ib Av‡gwiKv `vi“j nvie| Avevi Ab¨w`‡K Av‡gwiKvi MÖxb Kv‡W©i ev bvMwiKZ¡ cvIqvi Rb¨ cÖvbvš— †Póv Pvwj‡q hvb Zvn‡j ej‡Z nq wZwb me‡P‡q eo wn‡cvwµU Ges Bmjv‡gi GKRb eo kΓ Ges wek¦vmNvZK| g„Zz¨i Av‡M ZvIev K‡i g„Zz¨eiY bv Ki‡j nvk‡ii w`b Zvi Rb¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i K‡Vvi kvw¯—| Avi c„w_ex‡Z _vKvKvjxb H Agymwjg †`‡ki miKvi H gymwjg cwiPq`vbKvixi bvMwiKZ¡ (†iwm‡WÝx) evwZj K‡i Zvi wei“‡× AvBbvbyM e¨e ’v wb‡Z cvi‡e Ges Zv‡K mkªg Kviv`Û w`‡Z ev wbe©vmb w`‡Z †Kvb evav _vK‡e bv|

�OTES OF CHAPTER SIX

1. Majid Khadduri: The Islamic Law of Nations. Shaybani’s Siyar translated with an introduction, notes and appendages by Majid Khadduri. The john Hopkins Press. Baltimore, Maryland, 1966. pp. 173-4.

161

mßg Aa¨vq: wiev Ges AZ¨vek¨Kxq cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi AvBb-weavb

RIBA & THE LAW OF �ECESSITY

A‡b‡K hyw³ †`b †h Agymwjg †`k¸wj‡Z AZ¨vk¨Kxq wel‡q Bmjv‡gi AvBb weavb (Riba & the Law of Necessity) Abyhvqx wievwfwËK A_©‰bwZK †jb‡`b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G gZev‡`i mg_©K‡`i hyw³ nj wbZvš— Lv`¨vfv‡ei g‡a¨ co‡j Ges Avj(vni wb‡ ©k Agvb¨ Kivi D‡Ïk¨ bv _vK‡j eis ïaygvÎ Rxeb euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ wbi“cvq n‡q nvivg Lv`¨ LvIqv hvq| †hgb ïKi LvIqv nvivg G welqwU ai“b| GKRb gymwjg ¶zavi hš¿Yvq g„Zy¨i `yqv‡i `vwo‡q| Avi Zvi †m ¶zav wbevi‡Y GKgvÎ †h LveviwU i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡jv ïK‡ii gvsm| GB msKUgq cwiw ’wZ‡Z wec`MÖ ’ GB gymwj‡gi c‡¶ ïaygvÎ ¶zav wbevi‡Yi Rb¨ ïKi LvIqv Rv‡qR| H gymwj‡gi msKUgq gyûZ© cvi n‡q hvIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B Zvi Rb¨ Avevi ïKi nvivg nIqvi AvBb ejer _vK‡e| nvjvj nviv‡gi wel‡q Avmyb †`Lv hvK KyiÕAvbyj Kvix‡gi wewfbœ Avqv‡Z wK ejv n‡q‡Q: †jv‡Kiv Avcbvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvq Zv‡`i Rb¨ wK wK nvjvj| Avcwb ejyb DËg (cweÎ) wRwbl¸wj Zv‡`i Rb¨ nvjvj Kiv n‡q‡Q| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:4)| †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ nvivg K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q g„Z cï-cvLx, i³, ïK‡ii gvsm Avi †m mKj cï †h¸wj Avj;vn&i bvg Qvov RevB Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi, cwZZ n‡q k¦vmiƒ× g„Z, wnsmª cïi AvNv‡Z g„Z cï †h¸wj RxweZ †c‡q cwiï× (RevB) Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv e¨ZxZ, Avi c~Rvi †e`xi Dci ewj †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges Ryqvi Zxi¸wj w`‡q nZ¨v Kiv cï| G mKj Kg©KvÛB dv‡mKx| AvR †Zvgv‡`i Øxb n‡Z Kvwdiiv wbivk (fxZ) n‡q c‡o‡Q myZivs Zv‡`i‡K fq K‡ivbv Ges ïay Avgv‡KB fq Ki| †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ AvR †Zvgv‡`i Øxb‡K cwic~Y© K‡i w`jvg Ges Bmjvg‡K (mš‘ó n‡q) †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ g‡bvbxZ Kijvg| (m~iv gvB`vn&, 5:3)| Avcwb ejyb Avgvi Kv‡Q †h Iqvnx G‡m‡Q Zv‡Z Ggb wKQz cvBbv hv nvivg n‡Z cv‡i Z‡e hw` Zv g„Z (cï-cvLx), i³ wKsev ïK‡ii gvsm nq Z‡e Zv wfbœ K_v †Kbbv Zv AcweÎ| (m~iv AvbÔAvg, 6:145)| †Zvgiv hw` Avj;vn&i Avqv‡Zi cÖwZ Cgvb G‡b _vK Zvn‡j †h mKj (nvjvj) cï Avj;vvn&i bvg wb‡q RevB Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv †Zvgiv LvI| Avi †Zvgv‡`i wK n‡q‡Q †h Avj;vn&i bvg wb‡q (RevB Kiv cïi †Mvk&Z) †Zvgiv Lv”Q bv? A_P Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv we¯—vwiZ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †Zvgv‡`i Dci hv nvivg Kiv n‡q‡Q hw`I wbi“cvq cwiw ’wZ‡Z co‡j Zv †Zvgiv †L‡Z cv‡iv | wKš‘ Avj;vn&i (†`qv AvBb-weavb m¤ú‡K©) †Kvb Ávb QvovB wb‡R‡`i (nIqv bvd‡mi) †Lqvj Lykxi Øviv eû c_åó ‡jvK weåvwš—i m„wó K‡i| mxgvjsNbKvix‡`i wel‡q Avcbvi ie Lye fvjfv‡eB Rv‡bb| (m~iv AvbÔAvg, 6:119)|

162

Avj;vn& wbðqB nvivg K‡i‡Qb g„Z Rš‘i gvsm, mKj cÖKvi i³, ïK‡ii gvsm Ges Avj;vn&i bvg †bqv Qvov RevBK…Z Rš‘| wKš‘ †KD wec‡` ZvwoZ n‡q Ges Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjvi AvBb f½ (K‡i Zuvi mv‡_ bvdigvwb) Kivi D‡Ïk¨ Qvov ïaygvÎ Rxeb euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ nvivg Lvq Zvn‡j Zvi ¸bvn& n‡e bv| (wKš‘ †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb nvivg f¶‡Y Af¨¯— n‡q bv c‡o) wbðqB Avj;vn& ZvÔAvjv eoB `qvjy Ges AZxe †g‡nievb| (2:173)| Agymwjg †`‡k y`©kv I K‡ói g‡a¨ co‡j wiev wfwËK †jb-‡`b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡`i hyw³i mg_©‡b Zviv c~‡e©vwj(wLZ KyiÕAvbyj gvRx‡`i K‡qKwU Avqv‡Zi D‡j(L K‡i _v‡Kb| hLb mKj gymwjg mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póv K‡i wievgy³ †jb‡`b Kivi Rb¨| A_P meiKg cš’v Aej¤b Ges †Póv mvabvi c‡iI mgwóMZfv‡e hLb mK‡j e¨_© nq Ges wievwfwËK †jb‡`b bv Kivi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i Aw¯Z¡B wUuwK‡q ivLv Am¤¢e n‡q `uvovq| wiev MÖnY Qvov cÖvY euvPv‡bv †Kvbg‡ZB m¤¢e bq e‡j cÖkœvZxZfv‡e cÖgvwYZ n‡q hvq Agymwjg †`‡k AZ¨vek¨Kxq cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi †¶‡Î KyiÕAv‡bi weavb g‡Z ïaygvÎ ZLbB wievwfwËK †jb‡`b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| hy³ivóªmn wewfbœ †`‡k gymwjgiv wievwfwËK †jb‡`b K‡i _v‡Kb cÖavbZ emev‡mi evox ev d¬ vU †Kbvi Rb¨| Zv‡`i hyw³ nj †gŠwjK Pvwn`v¸wji g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg nj GKwU wbivc` evm ’vb| H mg¯— gymwjg fvB †evb‡`i GB hyw³ †`qvi Av‡M wPš—v Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Zviv †h †`‡k emevm Ki‡Qb †mLv‡b wK fvovq evm ’vb cvIqv hvq bv? fvov Kiv evox wK wbivc` evm ’v‡bi cÖ‡qvRb †gUvq bv? †m †`‡k nvRvi nvRvi Agymwjg wK fvov evox‡Z _v‡Kb bv? Zvn‡j gymwjg‡`i †Kvb& hyw³‡Z wievhy³ FY wb‡q evox ev d¬ vU wKb‡Z n‡e? Dciš‘ hviv nvRvi nvRvi Wjvi e¨q K‡i fvov evmvq _vKvi mvg_© iv‡Lb Zv‡`i Rb¨ evox †Kbv wK AZ¨vek¨Kxq cÖ‡qvR‡bi AvIZvq c‡o? evox bv †Kbv n‡j wK Zv‡`i Rxeb avib †_‡g hvIqvi SuywK e‡q Av‡b? Avm‡j wievwfwËK †jb‡`‡bi gva¨‡g evm ’vb †Kbvi †h hyw³ `vo Kiv‡bv nq †mme †Kvb hyw³B Gme †¶‡Î Lv‡U bv| eis wievwfwËK †jb‡`b eR©‡bi Rb¨ by¨bZg Cgv‡bi `vex wn‡m‡e Zviv Abvqv‡m fvov evmvq _vK‡Z cv‡ib| A‡b‡K Avevi hyw³ †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib fvov evmvi †P‡q wb‡Ri evox †ekx wbivc` I `ywðš—vgy³ Rxe‡bi Avk¦vm †`q| GB hyw³Uv‡K cuywR K‡iB wievwfwËK A_©bxwZ Zvi welv³ e¨emvwqK _vev we¯—vi K‡i‡Q| 1 my`x FY wb‡q GKUv evox/d¬ vU hLb n‡q hvq ZLb †_‡KB evo‡Z _v‡K Zv‡`i A`g¨ Pvwn`v| bZzb d¬ v‡U cy‡iv‡bv dvwb©Pvi Avi gvbvq bv| Ni‡K Gevi mvRv‡bvi Rb¨ †`kx we‡`kx wewfbœ †kv wcm, dvwb©Pvi, K¤ú yUvi, wf wm Avi, Iqvwks †gwkb, gvB‡µvI‡qf (I‡fb) Av‡iv KZ wK| Avi Gme †Kbvi Kv‡R mnvqZvi (kqZvbx) nvZ cÖmvwiZ K‡i †i‡L‡Q my`x e¨vsK I Ab¨vb¨ A_©jMœx cÖwZôvb¸wj|

cÖK…Zc‡¶ my`x FY wb‡q evox ev d¬ vU µ‡qi cwie‡Z© Askx`vwiZ¡ gvwjKvbv e¨e ’vq evox µq K‡i, (my` gy³) wKw¯—‡Z g~j¨ cwi‡kva K‡i evox ev d¬ v‡Ui

163

gvwjK nIqvi e¨e ’v Kiv n‡j Bmjvwg AvBb †gvZv‡eK Zv ˆea nq| †`Lv †M‡Q my`x FY wb‡q evox/d¬ vU µq Ki‡Z †M‡j Avmj g~‡j¨i 30%-40% GgbwK 50% †ekx g~j¨ cwi‡kva K‡i evoxi gvwjK n‡Z nq| A_P kixwK gvwjKvbvq evox wKb‡Z †M‡j fvov‡U e¨w³ gvwmK fvovi mv‡_ (my`gy³) wKw¯—i UvKv evox ev d¬ v‡Ui gvwjK‡K w`‡Z _vK‡j, Pzw³ ev kZ©vbyhvqx 5 ermi, 7 ermi ev 10ermi gqv` †k‡l fvov‡U H evox ev d¬¨v‡Ui gvwjKvbv †c‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib|1

Gevi Avmv hvK e܇Ki wewbg‡q e¨vsK †_‡K my`x FY †bqvi mgm¨v I ¶wZmg~n Av‡jvPbvq-

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my`x †jb‡`‡b RwoZ cÖwZwU `j‡K ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi Pig cwiYwZi wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Rvbv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Avgv‡`i h‡_ó `vwqZ¡ i‡q‡Q |1

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DËi - bv| e¨vs‡Ki mÂqx GKvD‡›U g~ja‡bi mv‡_ wbw ©ó †gqv` †k‡l †h cwigvY UvKv e„w× cv‡e ZvB wiev ev my`| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges Zuvi imyj (m) gymwjg‡`i Rb¨ wiev ev my` LvIqv nvivg ev wbwl× †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|

cÖkœt 2 - †Kvb gymwj‡gi Rb¨ wK Aci KvD‡K wiev ev my` cÖ vb Kiv wbwl×?

DËi - n uv| †h †Kvb cÖKvi my` cÖ vbB nvivg| PvB Zv evox, Mvox †Kbvi Rb¨ †nvK A_ev K‡jR BDwbf©wmwU‡Z covi LiP Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ †nvK my`x FY wb‡q †m my‡`i wKw¯— cÖ vb KivB nvivg| Dciš‘ †µwWU Kv‡W©i my` cÖ vb KivI gymwj‡gi Rb¨ nvivg ev wbwl×| †Kbbv imyjyj(vn& (m) jvÕbvZ K‡i‡Qb my` MÖnYKvix, my` cÖ vbKvix, my‡`i †jb‡`b †iKW©Kvix ev my‡`i wn‡me †jLK Ges my`x †jb‡`‡b mv¶x؇qi Dci| G Kvi‡Y GB Pvi ai‡bi †jv‡Ki g‡a¨ cÖ‡Z¨‡KB mgvb ¸Yvn&Mvi|

cÖkœt 3 - †Kvb gymwjg hw` BwZg‡a¨B my`x FY wb‡q evox wK‡b ev evwb‡q wievhy³ †jb‡`‡b RwoZ n‡q †h‡q _v‡Kb, Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges Zuvi imyj (m) Gi wb‡ ©k gvbvi Rb¨ Zvi wK Kiv DwPr?

DËi - cÖ_‡gB wZwb evoxwU wewµ K‡i w`‡q e¨vs‡Ki FY cwi‡kva K‡i my`x FY †_‡K gy³ n‡Z cv‡ib| AZci wZwb mybœvZx Rxe‡b wd‡i G‡m h_vm¤¢e †QvÆ GKwU evmv fvov K‡i emevm Ki‡Z _vK‡eb hZw`b bv bM` `v‡g GKwU evox ev d¬ vU m¤¢e nq| AZci ˆah© a‡i A‡c¶v Ki‡eb hZw`b bv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K FY bv K‡i wb‡Ri my`gy³ Rgv‡bv UvKv w`‡q mybœvn& Abyhvqx †QvU GKwU evox ev d¬ vU µq Kivi mvg_© `vb K‡ib|

A_ev wZwb †ek wKQz wewb‡qvMKvix †hvMv‡oi cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡Z cv‡ib hviv Zvi †bqv my`x-F‡Yi A_© e¨vs‡K †diZ w`‡q †`‡eb| Avi evoxwUi g~j¨ hw` AvbygvwbK 100,000/- nq Ges wZwb hw` e¨vsK †_‡K 50,000/- (Wjvi) FY wb‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j evoxwUi A‡a©K gvwjKvbv n‡e Zvi Avi evKx A‡a©K gvwjKvbv _vK‡e wewb‡qvMKvix‡`i| AZci wZwb kwiwK gvwjKvbv evoxwU fvov w`‡q w`‡Z cv‡ib| evoxwUi gvwmK fvov hw` 1000 Wjvi nq, Gi 50% A_©vr 5,000/- (Wjvi) UvKv cv‡eb wZwb Avi evKx 500/- (Wjvi) UvKv wewb‡qvMKvixMY wewb‡qv‡Mi nvi

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Abycv‡Z fvM K‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib| AZci Dfqc‡¶i mg‡SvZvi wfwˇZ wewb‡qvMKvix‡`i †_‡K evoxwU cybivq µq Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ wØZxqevi Pzw³‡Z hv‡eb| Gfv‡e cÖwZeQiB evoxwUi evRvi `i Abyhvqx wewb‡qvMKvix‡`i mv‡_ Pzw³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Gfv‡eB GK mgq evoxUv Zvi gvwjKvbvq P‡j Avm‡e|

cÖkœt 4 - GKRb gymwjg ÷K (†kqvi) gv‡K©‡U wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡i wK?

DËi - ÷K wK? cÖ_‡gB Zv eyS‡Z n‡e| ÷K g~jZ †Kvb GKwU †Kv¤úvbxi †kqvi ev Ask| Avcwb hw` †Kvb †Kv¤úvbxi ÷K µq K‡ib, Zvn‡j Avcwb †m †Kv¤úvbxi Askx`vi n‡q hv‡eb| ZLb Avcwb †m †Kv¤úvbxi jv‡f †hgb (AvbycvwZK nv‡i) Askx`vi n‡eb, Avevi †jvKmv‡bi SuywKI Avcbv‡K enb Ki‡Z n‡e| wewb‡qvMKvixMY Zv‡`i ÷K †_‡K wWwf‡W›U cv‡eb| ÷K †h g~‡j¨ µq Kiv n‡qwQj Zv †_‡K †ekx g~‡j¨I wewb‡qvMKvixMY Zv‡`i ÷K wewµ K‡i w`‡Z cvi‡eb| gy³ evRv‡ii ÷K gv‡K©U Aek¨B ˆea| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b gy³ evRv‡ii †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ †bB| cuywRev`x A_©bxwZ ÷K gv‡K©‡U wiev ev my` XywK‡q w`‡q‡Q| ÷K gv‡K©U GLb cwiYZ n‡q‡Q Ryqvox I †Pvi-WvKvZ‡`i Av¯—vbvq| Abygvbwbf©i, dvUKv e¨emv, AvwacZ¨ we¯—vi K‡i‡Q ÷K gv‡K©‡U| Avi Abygvb wbf©i dvUKv e¨emvB n‡jv wiev| Gevi †`Lv hvK Abygvb-wbf©i (Speculative transaction) e¨emv ej‡Z wK eySvq| Abygvb wbf©i e¨emv n‡jv, †Kvb e¨w³ GB D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb cY¨ ev ÷K µq K‡i †h ¯fveZB Gi g~j¨ †e‡o hv‡e| Avi hLbB Gi g~j¨ †e‡o hv‡e ZLbB †m e¨w³ cY¨wU wewµ K‡i d‡j gybvdv AwR©Z n‡e| Avevi hLb (c~‡e© wewµZ) cY¨ ev ÷KwUi g~j¨ K‡g hv‡e ZLb cybivq †m Zv µq Ki‡e Ges Zv‡ZI †m gybvdv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Avm‡j G ai‡bi Abygvb wbf©i e¨emv Avi Ryqv †Ljvi g‡a¨ †Kvb Zdvr †bB| GKRb gymwjg e¨w³ Zvi wb‡Ri e¨emvq wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡Z e¨_© n‡j Ab¨ †Kvb nvjvj e¨emvq A_© wewb‡qvM Ki‡e †h e¨emv, AwfÁ I mr e¨w³ Øviv cwiPvwjZ| eZ©gvb ÷K gv‡K©U Z_¨ cÖhyw³i myweav cÖvwßi Dci wbf©ikxj| †h Av‡M Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z cvi‡e †mB UvKvi cvnvo evwb‡q wb‡Z cvi‡e| myZivs mgq-my‡hvM gZ Z_¨ msMÖn KivB ÷K e¨emvi g~j PvweKvwV| ZvQvov Nyl cÖ vb I †Zvlv‡gvw`e„wËi gva¨‡g ÷K gv‡K©‡Ui Z_¨ duvm Kivi e¨e ’v Kiv nq| Avi ZvB †h hZ Ny‡li gva¨‡g cqmv Xvj‡e †m-B ÷K gv‡K©‡Ui me©vwaK myweav †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e| †fv‡Ui †gŠmy‡g †fv‡Ui cÖPviYvq Puv`v cÖ v‡bi gva¨‡g mswk(ó KZ©ve¨w³‡`i Nyl w`‡q Zv‡`i †_‡K ÷K gv‡K©‡Ui Avf¨š—ixY †LuvR-Lei †ei K‡i †bqv nq| gyÕwgb I mr e¨emvqxiv Nyl †`q bv e‡j Zviv ÷K gv‡K©‡Ui Af¨š—ixY †LuvR-Lei †bqvi my‡hvM cvq bv| d‡j ÷K gv‡K©‡Ui cy‡iv e¨emvB cwiPvwjZ nq cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g| †h †Kvb cÖZviYvB wiev Avi ZvB ÷K e¨emvI wievi AvIZvfy³|

175

cÖkœt 5- ‡Kvb gymwjg wK †µwWU Kv‡W©i MÖvnK n‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i?

DËi-‡µwWU Kv‡W©i gvwjK ev MÖvnK GKwU wbw`©ó mgq ch©š— (mvaviYZ GK gvm) wbw`©ó cwigvY FY wb‡Z cv‡i| D³ mg‡qi g‡a¨ GB FY cwi‡kva bv Kiv nq Zvn‡j D³ F‡Yi wecix‡Z wiev ev my` w`‡Z nq| Bmjv‡g wiev nvivg| GLb †KD hw` wbw ©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ FY cwi‡kva K‡i Ges KL‡bvB wiev cÖ vb bv K‡i Z‡e? †KD †KD cÖkœ Zzj‡eb G‡¶‡Î †µwWU KvW© e¨envi Kiv m‡Z¡I Bmjv‡gi AvBb-weavb f½ nq bv e‡j g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ G e¨vcv‡i †h welq¸wj we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e Zv n‡jvÑ

0 †µwWU KvW© e¨env‡ii c×wZwUB n‡jv wievi mv‡_ RwoZ| †h †µwWU Kv‡W©i MªvnK n‡jv, †m wiev e¨e ’vi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ n‡q Pzw³‡Z Ave× n‡jv| ZvB †hB wiev e¨e ’vq Pzw³e× n‡jv †m-B wiev e¨e ’vi mv‡_ Rwo‡q coj| †Kvb gymwjg wK GB k‡Z© †µwWU KvW© e¨envi Kivi Pzw³‡Z Ave× n‡Z cv‡i †h, †m hw` Zvi FY mgqgZ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z bv cv‡i Zvn‡j Zv‡K GKUzK‡iv ïK‡ii †Mvk&Z †L‡Z n‡e A_ev cvb Ki‡Z n‡e GK M(vm ûBw¯‹? bv! Avi †Kvb gymwjg wK GB k‡Z© †µwWU KvW© e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e †h, †m hw` mgqgZ †µwWUi‡`i FY cwi‡kva bv Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zvn‡j †µwWU‡ii AwaKvi _vK‡e Zvi ¿xi mv‡_ kh¨v MÖnY Kivi? Gme cÖ‡kœi DËi hw` ÔbvÕ nq Zvn‡j †µwWU Kv‡W©i FY mgqgZ cwi‡kva bv Ki‡j †Kvb AvB‡b †m wiev ev my` cÖ v‡b eva¨ n‡Z cv‡i? †m wiev cÖ v‡bi cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q wK FY MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i? KLbB bv|

wØZxqZ, hv wKQzB wiev e¨e ’vi w`‡K †V‡j †`q Zv-B nvivg|

cÖkœt 6 - ‡Kvb gymwjg wK e¨vsK †PwKs GKvD›U Pvjv‡Z cv‡i?

DËi - Avgvi g‡Z nu¨v| †Kbbv, †PwKs GKvD›U mvaviYZ wievi AvIZvfy³ bq| Z‡e wbw ©ó e¨vs‡Ki c×wZMZ w`K we‡ePbv K‡i cÖwZwU gymwjg‡K wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e GB c×wZ wievi mv‡_ RwoZ wKbv|

GUvi KviY `yÕwUÑcÖ_gZ, H e¨vsK Avcbvi UvKv‡K my`x-FY cÖ v‡bi Kv‡R e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î Avcwb e¨vs‡Ki GB my`x †jb‡`‡b mnvqZv Kivi `v‡q `vqx n‡eb| wØZxqZ, Kv¸‡R gy`ªv wb‡RB wiev, †Kvb GKmgq GB Kv¸‡R gy ªv wejyß n‡q hv‡e GB fwel¨ØvYx Avgv‡`i bex gynv¤§` (m) K‡i wM‡q‡Qb| myZivs cÖwZwU gymwj‡giB `vwqZ¡ me©bvkv GB cZb †_‡K wb‡R‡`i‡K h_vm¤¢e i¶v Kivi cÖ‡Póv Kiv| †KD nq‡Zv mxwgZ msL¨K Kv¸‡R gy`ªv ivLvi †Póv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avgiv AvkvKwi BbkvAvj(vn& AwP‡iB ¯Y© I †ivc¨gy`ªvi cÖPjb n‡e| w`bvi I w`inv‡gi

176

cyb cÖPjb n‡j, Kv¸‡R gy`ªv cZ‡bi fivWywe †_‡K wb‡R‡`i‡K i¶v Kiv m¤¢e n‡e|

cÖkœt 7 - wiev ev my`x A_© Mixe‡`i gv‡S wewj‡q wKsev gvmwR` gv`ªvmvq `vb K‡i wK †Kvb gymwjg wiev LvIqvi ¸Yvn& †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z cv‡i?

DËi - bv| GK gymwj‡gi Rb¨ hv nvivg Zv Aek¨B Aci gymwj‡gi Rb¨I nvivg|

cÖkœt 8 - wiev ev my`x A_© wK gvmwR` cÖwZôvi Rb¨ `vb Kiv hvq?

DËi - bv! ZrKvjxb Avi‡ei g~wZ© c~RKivI gvmwR`yj nviv‡gi cybwbg©v‡Y wievhy³ nvivg A_© MÖnY I e¨envi K‡iwb|

cÖkœt 9 - my`x A_© hw` wb‡Ri Rb¨ e¨envi LiP Kiv bv hvq, Zvn‡j †m my`x A_© wK Kiv DwPr?

DËi - wiev welqK GKwU wPwVi DËi Avcbv‡`i mvg‡b Zz‡j aiwQ| GK gymwjg †evb GB wPwV wj‡LwQ‡jb| GB †evb Bmjv‡g `vwLj nIqvi c~‡e© wewb‡qvMK…Z A‡_©i Dci GKUv wbw`©ó As‡Ki jf¨vsk †c‡q‡Qb| wZwb Rvb‡Z †P‡q‡Qb GB jf¨vsk wiev wKbv Avi hw` wiev n‡q _v‡K Zvn‡j GB A_© †Kvb& Lv‡Z e¨q Kiv hv‡e|

cÖkœt 10 - nhiZ gynv¤§` (m) fwel¨ØvYx K‡i wM‡q‡Qb †h Kv¸‡R gy`ªv, c(vw÷K ev B‡jKUªwbK gy ªv GK mgq Zvi g~j¨ nviv‡e| Avgiv mevB GLb Kv¸‡R gy ªv wbf©ikxj A_©bxwZi g‡a¨ evm KiwQ| G e¨vcv‡i wK wKQz KiYxq Av‡Q?

DËi - eZ©gvb we‡k¦ GUv GKUv RwUj I fqven Ae ’v| mwZ¨Kvi mgvavb/D‡ËviY m¤¢e ZLbB hLb Bmjvwg kvmbZš¿ Kv‡qg n‡e| Bmjvwg miKvi ZLb Kv¸Rx, B‡jKUªwbK gy`ªvi weKí e¨e ’v wb‡Z cvi‡e| †mB miKvi ZLb ¯Y© I iƒcv‡K AvBbwm× wewbgq gva¨g (Legal tender) ev gy`ªv wn‡m‡e †NvlYv w`‡Z cvi‡e Ges µgk Kv¸‡R/B‡jKUªwbK BZ¨vw` K…wÎg gy ªv Zvi g~j¨ nviv‡Z _vK‡e| ZLb kªwgK Zvi kª‡gi g~j¨ ¯Y© ev iƒcvi gy`ªvi gva¨‡g cv‡e| e¨emv evwY‡R¨ ¯Y© I iƒcvi gy`ªv ’vb cv‡e| hZw`b ch©š— Bmjvwg kvmb G‡m ¯Y© I iƒcv‡K ˆea wewbgq gva¨g

wn‡m‡e cÖwZôv Ki‡Z bv cvi‡Q ZZw`b gymwjg fvB †evb‡`i cÖwZ Avgv‡`i civgk© n‡e ¯Y© ev iƒcv µq K‡i Avcbv‡`i mÂq Mw”QZ ivLyb| GQvov M„ncvwjZ cï (nuvm, gyiMx, QvMj, Mi“) Lvgv‡iI Avcbv‡`i mÂq wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

wcÖq †evb ......

Avcbvi wPwVi Rb¨ ab¨ev`| Avcwb †h Avj(vn‡K fxlY fq K‡ib Zv Avcwb Avcbvi †jLbxi gva¨‡g PgrKvifv‡e dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb| Avcbvi GB Avj(vnfxwZi

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welqwU Avgvi ü`q gb‡KI DwÏß I Av‡›`vwjZ K‡i‡Q| ÒBmjv‡g wiev wbwl×Ki‡Yi ¸i“Z¡Ó bv‡gi †QvÆ eBwU Avcbvi wb‡Ri Rxe‡b GZUv cÖfve †d‡j‡Q Rvb‡Z †c‡i Avj(vni Kv‡Q †kvKi KiwQ| †mBmv‡_ Avwg LyeB Avbw›`Z I Drmvn †eva KiwQ| Avjnvg`ywjj(vn& | ‡evb, Avcbvi wewb‡qvMwU wQj Ggb hv‡Z ¶wZi †Kvb SuyKx wQjbv| Bmjv‡g e¨emv‡q wewb‡qvM nvjvj| Z‡e GUv KLbI e¨emv n‡Z cv‡i bv| †Kbbv e¨emvi g~jbxwZ n‡jv jvf I ¶wZ DfqwUiB Askx`vi nIqv| Avcbvi wewb‡qvM †h‡nZz SuyKxgy³ wQj, ZvB GwU wbwðZ wiev| myZivs Avcwb GKwU ¸i“Zi ¸Yv‡n wjß i‡q‡Qb| GB gyû‡Z©B Avcbv‡K G RNb¨ ¸Yvn †_‡K gyw³i h_vh_ c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| Avcwb hw` bv Rvbv Ae ’vq GB ¸Yvnq wjß n‡q _v‡Kb Zvn‡j hZ ZvovZvwo m¤¢e GB ¸Yv‡ni wel‡q h_vh_ wk¶v MÖnY K‡i AvZ¥ïw×i e¨e ’v Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Avj(vni Kv‡Q ZvIev Ki‡Z n‡e| Gevi cÖkœ †_‡K hvq, wewbg‡qi gva¨‡g †h my`x A_© Avcbvi Kv‡Q Rgv‡bv i‡q‡Q Zv †Kvb& Dcv‡q LiP Ki‡eb? cÖ_gZ GB A_© Avcwb Avcbvi †Kvb Kv‡R e¨q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| wØZxqZ GB A_© KvD‡K `vb KivI hv‡e bv| †Kbbv hv wKQz Avcbvi Rb¨ nvivg| Zv Ab¨ †h †Kvb e¨w³ Z_v mgMÖ gvby‡li Rb¨B nvivg| GKUv c_ nq‡Zv Avcbvi Rb¨ †Lvjv Av‡Q GB my`x A_© †ei K‡i †`qvi| hv Avcbvi ZvIev Key‡ji Rb¨ mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i| (Avj(vnB fvj Rv‡bb)| Avj(vni kΓiv mgMÖ gvbeZvi wei“‡× hy‡× wjß i‡q‡Q, we‡kl K‡i welv³ wievi †Qve‡j Zviv gymwjg D¤§vn‡K Avµvš— K‡i‡Q| eZ©gv‡b GB hy× AvNvZ †n‡b‡Q gvby‡li A_©‰bwZK Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU ¯—‡i ci‡Z| wiev n‡jv †m hy‡×i me©‡kªô nvwZqvi| Avcwb Avcbvi GB my`x A_© wievi wei“‡× hy× cwiPvjbvq e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb hw` Avgv‡`i gZvgZ †g‡b †bb Zvn‡j my`x wewb‡qv‡M †h my`x A_© Avcbvi Kv‡Q Rgv‡bv Av‡Q Zv w`‡q wiev welqK wjd‡jU, eB BZ¨vw` Qvwc‡q Zv webvg~‡j¨ weZi‡Yi e¨e ’v Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †m mKj eB c‡o gvbyl hw` wb‡R‡`i‡K wievi welv³ Avµgb †_‡K AvZ¥i¶vi cÖ‡Póv K‡i Zvn‡j nq‡Zv Avcbv‡K Avj(vn Mdzi“i inxg ¶gv K‡i w`‡Z cv‡ib| hv Avj(vnZvÔAvjvB fvj Rv‡bb| Avwg Avgvi GB gZvg‡Zi wel‡q fvB kvqL Bgvg Avjdvwng (Al-Fahim Jobe) †Rve Gi mv‡_ civgk© K‡iwQ| Avgv‡`i GB civgk© mwVK n‡Z cv‡i, fyjI n‡Z cv‡i| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv fvj Rv‡bb| Avcbvi wek¦ —

Øxwb fvB

BgivY bhi †nv‡mb

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cÖkœt 10 - GKRb gymwjg wK cY¨ evRviRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ Pyramid Scheme-G AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib? A_©vr Avcwb hw` †Kvb †Kv¤úvbxi Rb¨ Kwgk‡bi wewbg‡q MÖvnK/ †µZv msMÖn K‡ib ev MÖvnK msMÖ‡ni wewbg‡q Avcbvi gvmwR‡` †m †Kv¤úvbx Kwgkb w`‡j Zv wK ˆea n‡e?

DËi - hw` D³ MÖvnK ev †µZv‡K eÜz‡Z¡i wfwˇZ ev gvmwR‡`i cÖwZ Zvi AvbyM‡Z¨i Kvi‡Y cY¨ wKb‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv nq, Z‡e cY¨ µ‡q Zvi GB AskMÖnY n‡e wbw ©ó e¨w³ ev ’v‡bi cÖwZ we‡kl we‡ePbvi wfwˇZ hv gy³ evRv‡ii ˆewkó¨ bq| †h †Kvb cY¨‡K gy³ I ¯vaxb wbqgZvwš¿K evRv‡i cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z n‡e| eÜzZ¡ ev wek¦vm-fvjevmvi eÜb‡K cY¨ wewµi ¯v‡_© e¨envi Kiv I wbcxo‡bi GKwU iƒc| ZvB GB †KŠk‡j cY¨ evRviRvZ KiY GK ai‡bi wiev| GB nvwZqvi e¨envi K‡i evRviRvZKiY †KŠkj wba©viY Kiv gy³ I ¯vaxb evRvi aŸsm KiviB bvgvš—i| G ai‡Yi evRviRvZKiY †KŠkjI GK ai‡bi wiev|

179

Glossary - cwifvlv cwiwPwZ

Avn‡j wKZve- gynv¤§` (m) Gi AvMg‡bi c~‡e© hv‡`i Kv‡Q Avmgvbx wKZve bvwhj n‡qwQj| Bûw` I bvmviv (Lªxóvb) MY‡K Avn‡j wKZve ejv nq|

Bev`Z - Bev`Z GKwU e¨vcK A_©en kã| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi cQ›`bxq Ges Zuvi mš‘wó AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ mKj K_v I KvRB Bev`v‡Zi Aš—f~©³| mjvn& Kv‡qg, hvKvZ-mv`vKv, mIg, nv¾, mZ¨K_v ejv I mZ¨ mv¶¨ †`qv, AvgvbZ`vix, gvZvwcZvi mv‡_ DËg AvPiY, Iqv`v cvjb, AvZ¥xq I cÖwZ‡ekxi nK Av`vq, wRnv` dx mvexwjj(vn, Øx‡bi Cj&g Zje, Pvwn`vgZ wKQz bv cvIqv †M‡j Ges wec` gywmev‡Z mei, cÖvß wih&‡K mš‘ó n‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †kvKi Av`vq, AcPq cÖwZ‡iva, Avg‡j m‡jn, mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k I Ab¨vq -AmrKv‡R evav`vb BZ¨vw` meB Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Bev`‡Zi AvIZvf~³| mnRfv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi mš‘wó AR©‡bi j‡¶¨ Zuvi cÖwZwU Av‡`k I wb‡l‡ai Dci Cgvb Avbv Ges Zv Avgj KivB Bev`Z | Bev`v‡Zi ˆewkó¨ `yÕwU- (1) Bev`Z Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi ûKzg gZ nIqv (2) Bev`Z imyjyj(vn& (m) Gi †kLv‡bv, †`Lv‡bv I Aby‡gvw`Z c×wZ‡Z nIqv|

Cgvb- Cgvb Gi kvwãK A_© wek¦vm| Z‡e ïay †gŠwLK ¯xK…wZ‡Z Cgv‡bi `vex c~iY nq bv eis Cgv‡bi `vex c~iY Ki‡Z n‡j cÖ‡qvRb Ñ (1) BKivi wej wjmvb ev †gŠwLK ¯xKv‡ivw³| (2) ZvmbxK wej wRmvb ev Avš—wiK wek¦vm| †gŠwLK ¯xK…Z welq‡K Aš—i †_‡K †g‡b ‡bqv| (3) AvÕgvj web AviKvb ev †g‡b †bqv welq‡K Kv‡R cwiYZ Kiv| Kzd‡ii wecix‡ZB i‡q‡Q Cgv‡bi Ae ’vb ZvB wki&K, Kzd&i I ¸bvn&gy³ n‡q Cgvb bvgK wbivcËv Pzw³‡Z Ave× nIqv Avek¨K| Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv m~iv evKvivi 256 b¤^i Avqv‡Z Zv¸Z‡K A¯xKvi Ges eR©b Kivi ci Cgvb Avb‡Z e‡j‡Qb| jv Bjvnv Bj(vj(vn& (†bB †Kvb Bjvn& Avj(vn& Qvov) D³ Avqv‡ZiB ¯xK…wZ evnK| Cgv‡bi g~j e³e¨ n‡jv

1) M‡qe ev A`„k¨ wel‡q Cgvb Avbv ej‡Z †evSvq

0 ZvInx` ev Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi AwØZxqZvev`|

0 ZvK`xi, gvjvBKv (wdwikZv)|

0 AvwLivZ-g„Zz¨, wK¡qvgvn&, nvki-bki (cybi“Ìvb) BZ¨vw` wel‡q Cgvb Avbv|

2) wimvjv‡Z Cgvb Avbv ej‡Z Avgiv eywS

180

0 mKj bex imyj Ges

0 Avj-KyiÕAvb mn mKj Avmgvbx wKZv‡e Cgvb Avbv|

Bmjvg - Bmjvg A_© AvZ¥mgc©b| webvk‡Z© Ges wbwשavq Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi ûKzg †g‡b Pjv Ges wbwl× KvR eR©b KivB n‡jv Bmjvg| BmjvgB n‡jv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi g‡bvbxZ Øxb| Rxeªxj (Av) †e`yCb †e‡k imyj (m) †K Bmjvg Kv‡K e‡j GB cÖkœ Ki‡j wZwb Rev‡e e‡jwQ‡jb-Cgvb Avbv, mjvn& Kvwqg Kiv, hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv, igRvb gv‡m wmqvg cvjb Kiv Ges mvg_© _vK‡j nv¾ Kivi bvgB n‡jv Bmjvg|

BqvRyR-gvÕRyR - BqvRyR gvÕRyR n‡”Q wek¦e¨vcx †drbv-d¨vmv` we¯—v‡i Ackw³i Drm| m~iv Avj Kvn&d (18:94-98) Ges m~iv Avj Avw¤qvq (21:95-96) BqvRyR-gvÕRy‡Ri eY©bv i‡q‡Q| m~iv Avj Kvn&d Gi eY©bv Abyhvqx Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi hyjKvibvBb bv‡g GK b¨vq civqY kvmK mvaviY gvbyl Ges d¨vmv` m„wóKvix BqvRyR-gvÕRy‡Ri gv‡S †jvnvi cÖvPxi evwb‡q Zv‡`i AvU‡K †i‡L‡Qb| GKmgq Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv GB cÖvPxi †f‡½ w`‡q BqvRyR-gvÕRyR‡K gy³ K‡i w`‡eb| aŸs‡mi w`‡K ª“Z avegvb ybx©wZMÖ ’ wek¦e¨e ’v ch©‡e¶Y K‡i †KD †KD g‡b Ki‡Qb †jvnvi cÖvPxi †f‡½ BwZg‡a¨B BqvRyR-gvÕRyR‡K nq‡Zv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv gy³ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb G wel‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvB fvj Rv‡bb|

Kzd&i - Cgv‡bi wecixZ kã n‡jv Kzd&i| B”QvK…Z I m‡PZbfv‡e Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges Zuvi AvBb weavb‡K Awek¦vm, A¯xKvi Ges cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv‡KB Kzd&i ejv nq|

Kvwdi - Kzd‡i wjß e¨w³ ev e¨w³eM©| Giv n‡”Q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges Zuvi wewa weavb‡K A¯xKviKvix| GKK_vq Bmjvg cÖZ¨vL¨vbKvixivB Kvwdi|

wKe&jv - ‡h w`‡K (evBZzj(vn& ev Kvevi w`‡K) gyL K‡i mjvn& Av`vq Kiv nq|

we`ÕAvZ - mIqve AR©b Ges Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi mš‘wó AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Ggb †Kvb Bev`vZ Kiv hv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges Zuvi imyj (m) Kivi wb‡ ©k †`bwb| †h Avgj imyj (m) wb‡R K‡ibwb, KvD‡K Ki‡Z †kLvbwb Ges mvnvex‡`i Ki‡Z Aby‡gv`bI K‡ib wb|

wRwhqv - Bmjvwg iv‡óª emevmKvix Agymwjg‡`i (wbivcËv weav‡bi LiP eve`) Dci Av‡ivwcZ Ki ev U¨v·|

Øxb - Øx‡bi kvwãK A_© n‡jv web‡qi mv‡_ AvbyMZ¨ Kiv| AvPiYaviv, AvBb-wewa e¨e ’vcbv| mvaviY A‡_© Øxb ej‡Z †evSvq Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi †`qv Rxeb e¨e ’vi

181

cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ I AvZ¥mgc©b| A‡b‡K Bmjvg‡K ag© e‡j Pvwj‡q _v‡Kb wKš‘ Bmjv‡g ag© ev Religion ej‡Z wKQz †bB eis Bmjv‡g i‡q‡Q Øxb|

`v¾vj - GK‡PvL AÜ fÛ gmxn `v¾v‡ji Avwef©ve NU‡e gvbe †e‡k Ges mgv‡R A`„k¨ wki&K I Kzd&i kw³ iƒ‡c| wKqvgv‡Zi c~e©eZx© mg‡q e¨w³iƒcx `v¾vj AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i wb‡R‡K gmxn e‡j `vex Ki‡e Ges m„wóKZ©vi f~wgKvq Awfbq Ki‡e| d‡j ywbqvi gvbyl †avKv-cÖZviYvq wbgw¾Z n‡q wki&K-Kzd‡ii gnv cwiKíbv I ev¯—evqbKvix fÛ `v¾vj‡K mªóv wn‡m‡e †g‡b cÖK…Z m„wóKZ©v Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi wei“×vPiY Ki‡e| Z‡e gyÕwgb‡`i‡K Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv `v¾v‡ji †drbv †_‡K i¶v Ki‡eb Ges gyÕwgbMY `v¾v‡ji `yÕ†Pv‡Li gvSLv‡b Kvwdi kã wjLv co‡Z cvi‡eb (7/7090, mnxn gymwjg)|

†drbv - †drbvi kvwãK A_© cix¶v, evjv-gywmevZ, KzK‡g© cÖ‡ivPbv, cÖ‡jvfb, †gvwnbx kw³ BZ¨vw`| mvaviY A‡_© †drbv ej‡Z †evSvq KzK‡g© cÖ‡ivwPZ K‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Aeva¨ evwb‡q Zuvi Bev`vZ †_‡K mwi‡q ivLv|

d¨vmv` - aŸsm, wech©q, SMov weev`, `v½v-nv½vgv|

dvwmK - Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi weav‡b wek¦vm K‡i e‡j `vex K‡i wKš‘ Avgj K‡ibv|

mjvn& - mjvn& evsjv‡`‡k dvimx kã bvgvR bv‡g cwiwPZ| KyiÕAvb I nv`x‡m ÔbvgvRÕ k‡ãi †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ †bB| mjvn&‡K †KD †KD mvjvZ e‡j _v‡Kb|

mvIg - mIg (bvgv‡Ri gZ) dvimx kã †ivhv bv‡g cwiwPwZ †c‡q‡Q| A‡b‡K mvIgI e‡j _v‡Kb Z‡e ZvRIqx‡`i wbqg Abyhvqx mvIg kãwUi mwVK D”PviY n‡jv mIg|

gyÕwgb - Rvbœv‡Zi wewbg‡q Rvb-gvj, gb-cÖvY wewµ K‡i Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi mv‡_ e¨emv Pzw³‡Z Ave× n‡q †h Cgvb G‡b‡Q †mB gyÕwgb| (ZvIev-9:111)| mnRfv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j †h Cgvb G‡b‡Q †mB gyÕwgb|

Bmjvg - wki&Kgy³ n‡q ZvInxI‡`i Abymvix n‡q Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©b Ges wki&Kgy³ Bev`v‡Zi gva¨‡g Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi AvbyMZ¨‡K dzwU‡q †Zvjv| Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq wbtkZ© AvZ¥mgc©b I AvbyM‡Z¨i mv‡_ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Bev`vZ KivB Bmjvg|

gymwjg - Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv Ges Zuvi ûKzg AvnKv‡gi Kv‡Q †h wbtkZ© AvZ¥mgc©b K‡i †mB gymwjg|

gybvwdK - wbdv‡K wjß e¨w³B gybvwdK Ges Kzd&i Aš—‡i †Mvcb †i‡L Cgv‡bi fvb KivB gybv‡dKx|

182

ZvInx` - AvbyMZ¨ I Bev`v‡Zi gva¨‡g Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi AwØZxqZvev`‡K dzwU‡q †Zvjv n‡”Q ZvInx`| ZvInx‡`i g~jfve wZbwU-

1) iƒeyweqvZ-GKgvÎ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv‡KB ie (cvjbKZ©v) gvbv|

2) DjywnqvZ- Bjvn& nIqv wKsev Bev`vZ cvIqvi †hvM¨ ïaygvÎ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv GUv †g‡b †bqv|

3) AvmgvDm wmdvZ- Bjvn& (Bev`Z Kivi †hvM¨) wn‡m‡e, ie (cÖwZcvjK) wn‡m‡e wKsev †h mKj ¸bvejx ïaygvÎ Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjvi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨, †Kvb gvbyl ev e ‘‡K †m mKj ¸bvejxi AwaKvix g‡b Kiv wki&K| †hgb m„wóKZ©v, wih&K`vZv, AvBb-weavb `vZv, Av‡ivM¨`vbKvix, ZvK`xi wba©viYKvix BZ¨vw`| wki&K ZvInx‡`i (AwØZxqev‡`i) wecixZ kã|

gyk&wiK - ‡h wki&K K‡i †m-B gyk&wiK|

gy³evRvi - ¯”Q I b¨vq wePvig~jK evRvi| †hLv‡b i‡q‡QÑ

0 cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki ¯vaxb cÖ‡ekvwaKvi

0 cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq ¯vaxb AskMÖnY

0 wbR wbR c‡Y¨i g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi AwaKvi

0 †h †Kvb cÖKvi gy`ªv wewbg‡qi ¯vaxbZv

0 †h †Kvb cY¨ cÖ ‘ZKi‡Yi AwaKvi

0 QjPvZzix, cÖZviYv, gRy``vix, Pzix wbwl×KiY

0 evRvi wWwO‡q my`x FY`vb wbwl×KiY

`vi“j Bmjvg - Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv‡K me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix †g‡b wb‡q KyiÕAvb I mybœvn&i AvBb-weav‡b cwiPvwjZ gymwjg Aa ywlZ †`k| AZxe ytL I j¾vRbK n‡jI mwZ¨ †h eZ©gvb `ywbqvq `vi“j Bmjv‡gi †Kvb Aw¯Z¡ †bB| `vi“j Bmjvg cÖwZ ’vwcZ n‡q‡Q ag©wbi‡c¶Zvi bv‡g `vi“j Kzd&‡ii Øviv (bvDhywej(vn&)|

`vi“j nvie - `vi“j Bmjv‡gi wecix‡Z i‡q‡Q Gi Ae ’vb| Z‡e `vi“j Bmjvg bv _vK‡j `vi“j nvie Gi Dcw ’wZ Aevš—i| Aviex fvlvq ÔnvieÕ k‡ãi A_© hy×| †h †`‡k gvbyl we‡kl K‡i gymwjgiv wbh©vwZZ, wbwcoxZ Ges wbM„nxZ †m mKj †`k‡K `vi“j nvi&e ev msNv‡Zi mvgªvR¨ e‡j|

183

Zv¸Z-Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv‡K ev` w`‡q †h †Kvb e¨w³, ¯Ëv ev e ‘i Bev`vZ Kiv nq †m e¨w³ ev e ‘B n‡jv Zv¸Z| Zv¸Z n‡Z cv‡i kqZvb, wb‡Ri bvd&m, kvmK †Mvwô, cxi-`i‡ek, g~wZ©, cv_i, P› ª-m~h© BZ¨vw`| Zv¸‡Zi Ab¨Zg cwiPq n‡jvÑ

0 kqZvb

0 bvdmÑKzcÖe„wË, g›`-Pvwn`v| gyÕwgb KL‡bv bvd‡mi AbyMZ ev›`v nq bv| (Avj dziK¡b-25:43, Avj Rvwmqv 45:23) |

0 kvmb kw³, KzcÖ_v BZ¨vw` Ges Ggb MBi“j(vn hvi Kv‡Q wePvi dvqmvjv PvIqv nq| (Avj evKviv 2:170, AvZ Z¡vnv- 24, Avb wbmv-4:60)|

0 AÜfv‡e †g‡b Pjvi `vex`vi kw³-cxi, gvRvi (AvZ ZvIev-9:31, 16:36, 4:48,51)|

0 Ggb MBi“j(vn hv‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z GK `j cÖvbvš— hy× K‡i (4:76)|

gyËvKx - ‡h Zv°Iqv Aej¤b K‡i ev Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv‡K fq K‡i †mB gyËvKx| Avjx (iv) Gi eY©bvq gyËvKx n‡jv Zviv

0 hviv Avj(vn& ZvÔAvjv‡K fq cvq †Mvc‡b, cÖKv‡k¨, mvg‡b, †cQ‡b me©ve ’vq|

0 hviv KyiÕAvb (wk¶v K‡i Ges) KyiÕAv‡b hv Av‡Q ZvB (cÖwZwU AvBb †g‡b P‡j) AvÕgj K‡i|

0 hviv Aí †c‡qB mš‘ó _v‡K|

0 hviv cÖwZ gyû‡Z©B g„Zz¨i w`bwUi (A‡c¶vq _v‡K Ges Avcbv †_‡KB Zvi) Rb¨ cÖ ‘wZ wb‡Z _v‡K|