KP-10 External Keypad - Comtech EF · PDF fileKP-10 External Keypad Revision 1 Preface...

Part Number MN/KP10.IOM Revision 1

KP-10External Keypad

Installation and Operation Manual

Copyright © Comtech EF Data, 2001. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. Comtech EF Data, 2114 West 7th Street, Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA, (480) 333-2200, FAX: (480) 333-2161.

KP-10 External Keypad

Installation and Operation Manual

Part Number MN/KP10.IOM REVISION 1

March 19, 2002

Comtech EF Data is an ISO 9001 Registered Company.

CUSTOMER SUPPORT Contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department for:

! Product support or training

! Information on upgrading or returning a product

! Reporting comments or suggestions concerning manuals

Contact Customer Support using any of the following methods:

Email: [email protected]

Mail: Comtech EF Data

Customer Support Department

2114 West 7th Street

Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA

Internet: www.comtechefdata.com

Phone: (480) 333-2200 (Main Comtech EF Data Number)

(480) 333-4357 (Customer Support Desk)

Fax: (480) 333-2161

To return a Comtech EF Data product (in-warranty and out-of-warranty) for repair or replacement:

1. Request a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number from the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department.

2. Be prepared to supply the Customer Support representative with the model number, serial number, and a description of the problem.

3. To ensure that the product is not damaged during shipping, pack the product in its original shipping carton/packaging.

4. Ship the product back to Comtech EF Data. (Shipping charges should be prepaid.)

For more information regarding the warranty policies, see Warranty Policy, p. v.

www.comtechefdata.com

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Table of Contents

Customer Support......................................................................................................................... ii

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................... 1

1.1 Purpose and Function............................................................................................................. 2 1.1.1 Compatible Equipment ...................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 Description......................................................................................................................... 3

CHAPTER 2. CONFIGURATION................................................................................. 5

2.1 Connecting and Supplying Power ......................................................................................... 7

2.2 Using the Keypad .................................................................................................................. 11 2.2.1 Function Keys .................................................................................................................. 11 2.2.2 Character Keys................................................................................................................. 12 2.2.3 Numeric Keys .................................................................................................................. 12 2.2.4 Cursor Movement Keys ................................................................................................... 13

2.3 Configuring the KP-10 ......................................................................................................... 13 2.3.1 Version............................................................................................................................. 13 2.3.2 Contrast Control............................................................................................................... 13 2.3.3 Communication Mode Settings........................................................................................ 14

2.4 Entering Commands and Receiving Responses ................................................................. 14

CHAPTER 3. OPERATION........................................................................................ 15

3.1 Message Structure................................................................................................................. 15 3.1.1 Character Format ............................................................................................................. 16 3.1.2 Start Character ................................................................................................................. 16 3.1.3 Device Addresses............................................................................................................. 16 3.1.4 Command Message Structure .......................................................................................... 17 3.1.5 Response Message Structure............................................................................................ 17 3.1.6 End Character................................................................................................................... 18 3.1.7 Negative Responses ......................................................................................................... 18

KP-10 External Keypad Revision 1 Preface MN/KP10.IOM

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3.2 Single RFT Communications ............................................................................................... 19 3.2.1 Keypad Variations for an RFT......................................................................................... 19 3.2.2 Single System Address .................................................................................................... 20

3.3 RSU Communications .......................................................................................................... 21 3.3.1 KP-10 Keypad Variations for an RSU............................................................................. 21 3.3.2 Multiple Unit Addresses .................................................................................................. 23

Figures Figure 1. KP-10 Elements........................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2. 9-Pin Connector Port on the KP-10 (Top View) ........................................................ 8 Figure 3. RFT-500 External Connections.................................................................................. 9 Figure 4. RSU-503 External Connections ................................................................................ 10 Figure 5. Alternate Key Functions During Configuration ........................................................ 11 Figure 6. Function Keys for use with an RFT .......................................................................... 19 Figure 7. Function Keys for use with an RSU......................................................................... 21 Figure 8 CA/4873 ............................................................................................................... A–2 Figure 9 CA/5103 ................................................................................................................ A–3 Figure 10 CA/6158.................................................................................................................. A–4 Figure 11 CA/8075 .............................................................................................................. A–5 Figure 12 CA/8076 .............................................................................................................. A–6 Figure 13 C/A 8077 ............................................................................................................. A–7

Tables Table 1. KP-10 Elements Descriptions....................................................................................... 4 Table 2 KP-10 Configurations for Comtech EF Data Transceivers and Redundancy Units.... 6 Table 3 KP-10 RS-232 Pinout .................................................................................................. 6 Table 4 KP-10 RS-485 Pinout .................................................................................................. 6 Table 5 KP-10 RS-422 Pinout .................................................................................................. 7 Table 6. KP-10 Function Keys.................................................................................................. 11 Table 7. Keys Changed on the KP-10....................................................................................... 12 Table 8. Device Addresses........................................................................................................ 16 Table 9. Descriptions of Function Keys used with an RFT..................................................... 19 Table 10. Descriptions of Function Keys used with an RSU ................................................... 21


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ABOUT THIS MANUAL This manual provides installation and operation information for the Comtech EF Data KP-10 External Keypad. This is a technical document intended for earth station engineers, technicians, and operators responsible for the operation and maintenance of the KP-10 External Keypad.

CONVENTIONS AND REFERENCES CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS

IMPORTANT Indicates information critical for proper equipment function.

CAUTION

Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury. CAUTION may also be used to indicate other unsafe practices or risks of property damage.

WARNING

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

METRIC CONVERSION Metric conversion information is located on the inside back cover of this manual. This information is provided to assist the operator in cross-referencing English to Metric conversions.

RECOMMENDED STANDARD DESIGNATIONS Recommended Standard (RS) Designations have been superseded by the new designation of the Electronic Industries Association (EIA). References to the old designations are shown only when depicting actual text displayed on the screen of the unit (RS-232, RS-485, etc.). All other references in the manual will be shown with the EIA designations (EIA-232, EIA-485, etc.) only.


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TRADEMARKS All product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies and are hereby acknowledged.

REPORTING COMMENTS OR SUGGESTIONS CONCERNING THIS MANUAL

Comments and suggestions regarding the content and design of this manual will be appreciated. To submit comments, please contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department.

EMC COMPLIANCE This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, it may cause radio interference that requires the user to take adequate protection measures.

EN55022 COMPLIANCE

This equipment meets the radio disturbance characteristic specifications for information technology equipment as defined in EN55022.

EN50082-1 COMPLIANCE

This equipment meets the electromagnetic compatibility/generic immunity standard as defined in EN50082-1.

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (FCC) This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, it may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference; in which case, users are required to correct the interference at their own expense.

Note: To ensure compliance, properly shielded cables for DATA I/O shall be used. More specifically, these cables shall be shielded from end to end, ensuring a continuous shield.


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SAFETY COMPLIANCE

EN 60950 Applicable testing is routinely performed as a condition of manufacturing on all units to ensure compliance with safety requirements of EN60950.

This equipment meets the Safety of Information Technology Equipment specification as defined in EN60950.

LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE (LVD)

The following information is applicable for the European Low Voltage Directive (EN60950):

<HAR> Type of power cord required for use in the European Community.

!

CAUTION: Double-pole/Neutral Fusing.

ACHTUNG: Zweipolige bzw. Neutralleiter-Sicherung.

International Symbols:

Symbol Definition Symbol Definition

Alternating Current.

Protective Earth.

Fuse.

Chassis Ground.

Note: For additional symbols, refer to “Cautions” listed earlier in this preface.

WARRANTY POLICY This Comtech EF Data product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of two years from the date of shipment. During the warranty period, Comtech EF Data will, at its option, repair or replace products that prove to be defective.


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For equipment under warranty, the customer is responsible for freight to Comtech EF Data and all related custom, taxes, tariffs, insurance, etc. Comtech EF Data is responsible for the freight charges only for return of the equipment from the factory to the customer. Comtech EF Data will return the equipment by the same method (i.e., Air, Express, Surface) as the equipment was sent to Comtech EF Data.

LIMITATIONS OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper installation or maintenance, abuse, unauthorized modification, or operation outside of environmental specifications for the product, or, for damages that occur due to improper repackaging of equipment for return to Comtech EF Data.

No other warranty is expressed or implied. Comtech EF Data specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for particular purpose.

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES

The remedies provided herein are the buyer's sole and exclusive remedies. Comtech EF Data shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages, whether based on contract, tort, or any other legal theory.

DISCLAIMER

Comtech EF Data has reviewed this manual thoroughly in order that it will be an easy-to-use guide to your equipment. All statements, technical information, and recommendations in this manual and in any guides or related documents are believed reliable, but the accuracy and completeness thereof are not guaranteed or warranted, and they are not intended to be, nor should they be understood to be, representations or warranties concerning the products described. Further, Comtech EF Data reserves the right to make changes in the specifications of the products described in this manual at any time without notice and without obligation to notify any person of such changes.

If you have any questions regarding the equipment or the information in this manual, please contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department.

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Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION

KP-10 External Keypad

This chapter describes the Comtech EF Data KP-10, including :

! Purpose and function

! Compatible equipment

! Physical characteristics

KP-10 External Keypad Revision 1 Operation MN/KP10.IOM

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1.1 PURPOSE AND FUNCTION

The KP-10 is a handheld keypad that provides portable, external access for controlling Comtech EF Data Transceivers and Redundancy Switch Units.

The KP-10 is typically used for the initial set up, occasional changes to the configurations and routine maintenance status of RFT and KST satellite terminal systems. When the KP-10 is used with a redundant system, it is typically connected to a Comtech EF Data Redundancy Switch Unit, RJU, or a Redundancy Junction Unit, RJU.

Note: Permanent monitoring of RFTs is accomplished with a PC and the M&C System Monitor Software . Information about the M&C System Monitor Software is found in the installation and operation manuals for Comtech EF Data CST and KST terminals.

1.1.1 COMPATIBLE EQUIPMENT

The KP-10 works with the following Comtech EF Data products:

! RFT 500 ! RFT 505

! RFT 700 ! RFT 1200

! RFT 1225 ! KST2000A/B/L

! RJU2000 ! RSU-503

! RSU-503L


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1.1.2 DESCRIPTION

The KP-10 includes the following features:

! Communications are block mode (quasi half-duplex).

! Remote controls and status information are transferred via an RS-232C or an RS-485 serial communications link .

! Commands and data are transferred on the remote control communications link as US ASCII -encoded character strings .

Figure 1 shows the elements of the KP-10:

Figure 1. KP-10 Elements

SERIAL CABLE

KEY LABELS

FUNCTION KEYS

NUMERIC KEYS

DISPLAY

INDICATOR LEDS

CHARACTER KEYS

CURSOR MOVEMENT KEYS

ADDITIONAL FUNCTION KEYS


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Table 1 describes the elements of the KP-10.

Table 1. KP-10 Elements Descriptions

Element Description

Display Screen The display screen is a monochrome, four-line display screen featuring a user-controlled contrast level.

Key Labels Blank, white key labels are located across the top of the keypad, just under the display screen.

Indicator LEDs Indicator LED s above the function keys are used to signal that the key is in use, or that there are additional lines of a response message yet to be displayed.

Keypad The keypad is a sealed-membrane type containing alpha-numeric keys, cursor movement keys, and specialized function keys.

Connector Port and Serial Cable

The KP-10 connects to RFTs and RSUs using either an RS-232C or an RS-485 serial communications port and cable. The serial connection type is an option selected when the KP-10 is ordered.


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Chapter 2. CONFIGURATION KP-10 Configurations 5

Connecting and Supplying Power 7

Using the Keypad 11

Configuring the KP-10 13

Entering Commands and Receiving Responses 14

2.1 KP-10 CONFIGURATIONS The KP-10 is designed to operate with various RFT and KST Transceiver products. Additionally, the KP-10 can communicate using various serial data communication interfaces, such as RS-232, RS-485 and RS-422. Operation of the KP-10 with these products and data interfaces requires the selection of the proper KP-10 terminal and interface cable. Refer to Table 1 for the proper KP-10 configurations. Please note that not all combinations of products and interfaces are possible.


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Table 2 KP-10 Configurations for Comtech EF Data Transceivers and Redundancy Units

Data Interface Product RS232 RS485 RS422

RFT500, RFT505, RFT700, RFT 1200, RFT1225, RSU503, RSU503L

KT/4856 Consisting of:

Cable: PL/4873 Terminal: PP/QTERMIV-

F079

KT/4856-1 Consisting of

Cable: PL/5103 Terminal:

PP/QTERMIV-F083

N/A

KST2000


Cable: PL/4873 Terminal: PP/QTERMIV-

F079

KT/4856-1 Consisting of:


PP/QTERMIV-F083



PP/QTERMIV-F123

KST2000A, B, or L


Cable: PL/8077-1 Terminal: PP/QTERMIV-

F079


Cable: PL/8075-1 Terminal:

PP/QTERMIV-F083



PP/QTERMIV-F123

RJU2000 N/A



PP/QTERMIV-F083



PP/QTERMIV-F123

Tables 2, 3, and 4 show the pinouts on the KP-10 for the various data interfaces.

Table 3 KP-10 RS-232 Pinout Pin Number Function I/O

2 RD/RX INPUT 3 TD/TX OUTPUT 5 GND POWER RETURN 9 +V POWER

Table 4 KP-10 RS-485 Pinout

in Number Function I/O 1 -RX/TX DATA I/O 2 +RX/TX DATA I/O 5 GND POWER RETURN 9 +V POWER


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Table 5 KP-10 RS-422 Pinout

Pin Number Function I/0 1 -RX INPUT 2 +RX INPUT 3 +TX OUTPUT 6 -TX OUTPUT 5 GND POWER RETURN 9 +V POWER

Cable diagrams for the various interface cables can be found in Appendix C.

2.2 CONNECTING AND SUPPLYING POWER

Note: The KP-10 is not weather resistant. Please treat the terminal with the same care afforded a laptop computer.

Connecting the KP-10 is a matter of plugging the interface cable into both the KP-10 and the unit being controlled.

Power for the KP-10 is supplied from the RF terminal or redundant unit

The connection is a 9-pin female D connector located on the top of the KP-10.

To connect the KP-10 and supply power:

1 Plug the 9-pin connector into the receptacle on the top of the KP-10 (Figure 2).

2 Plug the 26-pin connector into the remote receptacle on the RFT (Figure 3), or into the J16 Monitor and Control receptacle on the RSU (Figure 4).


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9-PIN CONNECTOR PORT

Figure 2. 9-Pin Connector Port on the KP-10 (Top View)


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REMOTE RECEPTACLE

Figure 3. RFT-500 External Connections


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REMOTERECEPTACLE

Figure 4. RSU-503 External Connections

During initial setup of a redundant system, connect the KP-10 to each component directly. After initial setup, it is possible to connect the KP-10 to the RSU, and access each component by selecting the individual component address.

Note: Connections for other RFTs and RSUs are similar. In case of a communication failure with the KP-10, disconnect the cable and then reconnect it, to perform a reset.


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2.3 USING THE KEYPAD

2.3.1 FUNCTION KEYS

White function keys are the first row of keys on the top of the keypad (Figure 5). [OS], [FS], [MS], and [AS] are programmed to send specific, pre-set commands when pressed. [RESET], [SHIFT], and [ENTER] perform other operational functions. The function keys are described in Table 6.

Table 6. KP-10 Function Keys

Function Key Function Performed

[RESET] Press [RESET] to clear all messages and settings in the KP-10. Pressing [RESET] is equivalent to turning the unit off, and then on.

[OS]

(Operating Status)

Press [OS] to access and display the operating status of the selected RFT.

[FS]

(Fault Status)

Press [FS] to access and display the fault status of the selected RFT.

[MS]

(Maintenance Status)

Press [MS] to access and display the maintenance status of the selected RFT.

[AS]

(Switch Address)

Press [AS] to access and display the address of the selected RFT.

Note: [AS] was formerly [KP ON]. [KP ON] is now obsolete.

[SHIFT] Press and hold [SHIFT] in combination with any two-part key to enter the character depicted on top of the key.

[ENTER] Press [ENTER] to send a command to the terminal.

ModePress

ScrollDown

ScrollUp

Figure 5. Alternate Key Functions During Configuration


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Certain function keys perform alternate functions during the configuration process:

! [FS] serves as the [MODE] key

! [MS] serves as the [SCROLL UP] key

! [AS] serves as the [SCROLL DOWN] key

Table 7 shows keys used on permanent terminals that have been changed on the KP-10.

Table 7. Keys Changed on the KP-10

These keys on the permanent terminals: Are changed to these keys on the KP-10: +

(Plus key) _

(Underscore key) -

(Minus key) _

(Underscore key) ( and )

(Parentheses keys) < and >

(Less than and greater than keys, respectively) ,

(Comma key) .

(Period key)

(Spacebar key) ↵

(Enter key) ?

(Question mark key) /

(Backslash key)

2.3.2 CHARACTER KEYS

Character keys, containing the letters of the alphabet, are located just under the command keys. The character keys are two-part keys, containing two characters each. Simply press the key to enter the character shown on the lower half of the key.

To enter a character on the upper half of a two-part key:

1 Press and hold [SHIFT]. The [SHIFT] indicator LED glows when [SHIFT] is engaged.

2 Press the character key.

2.3.3 NUMERIC KEYS

Numeric keys, containing the numerals 0 through 9, are located below and to the right of the character keys. The numeric keys contain only one numeral each; therefore, entering numerals does not require use of the [SHIFT] key. Press the key to enter the numeral shown on the key.


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2.3.4 CURSOR MOVEMENT KEYS

Cursor keys, containing directional arrows, are located below and to the left of the character keys. The cursor keys do not require use of the [SHIFT] key. Press the key to move the display screen cursor in the direction indicated by the arrow on the key.

2.4 CONFIGURING THE KP-10

Access the default configuration settings using either of these two methods:

! While pressing any key, supply power to the external keypad. or

! If power is already supplied, press [RESET] for a second.

The default configuration consists of several items:

! Version

! Contrast setting

! Baud rate

! Data format

! Serial mode

These items appear in a series of displays, each one accessed by pressing and releasing a key.

After the default configuration has been completed, the KP-10 is ready for input.

2.4.1 VERSION

After power-on, the Version (v1.1) appears on the display screen.

2.4.2 CONTRAST CONTROL

Release the key pressed during power-on to display “CONTRAST” on the screen.

! DARKER — Press [SCROLL UP] to darken the display screen contrast.

! LIGHTER — Press [SCROLL DOWN] to lighten the display screen contrast.

Note: See Figure 5 for scroll key locations.


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2.4.3 COMMUNICATION MODE SETTINGS Setting Description

Baud Rate

Press [MODE] and the default Baud rate of 9600 appears. Change the Baud rate by pressing [SCROLL UP] or [SCROLL DOWN] to raise or lower the Baud rate.

Data Format

Press [MODE] again, and the data format appears. Do not change the setting of “7e2”.

Serial Mode

Press [MODE] a third time, and the serial mode “BLOCK” will appear. Do not change the setting of “BLOCK”.

Input Ready

Press [MODE] again, and the cursor moves to the upper left corner of the screen, indicating the terminal is ready to receive input.

Note: See Figure 5 for mode and scroll key locations.

2.5 ENTERING COMMANDS AND RECEIVING RESPONSES

Enter a command on the KP-10 keypad, then send it to the terminal by pressing [ENTER]. The command sent and the corresponding response returned from the terminal are both visible on the display screen.

To type a command:

1 Press firmly on each character key in sequence.

2 Verify the characters on the display screen. The message format must be valid (see Chapters 3 and 4 for information on valid message formats for single and redundant systems, respectively).

3 Press [ENTER] to send the completed command to the terminal.

On occasion, the response received from the accessed device is too large to fit on the display. When this happens, the indicator LED above [FS] or [RFS] flashes. The entire response can be viewed by scrolling through it. After scrolling through the message, press [ENTER], [RESET], [OS], [MS], or [AS] to turn off the flashing LED.

To scroll through a response:

1 Press the function key under the flashing LED.

2 Read the displayed section of the response.

3 If the LED is still on, press the function key again to see more of the message.


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Chapter 3. OPERATION Message Structure 15

Single RFT Communications 19

RSU Communications 21

This chapter describes:

! How to operate the KP-10 with a single RFT

! How to operate the KP-10 with an RSU

! How to enter commands and read responses

! Message structure and device addresses

3.1 MESSAGE STRUCTURE

When typing commands or reading responses, it is important to understand the valid message structure. An overview of valid message structure is presented here.

Messages on the KP-10 fall into the categories of commands and responses. Commands are messages which the KP-10 transmits to the RFT, while responses are messages returned by the RFT in response to a command.

To enter and send a command:

1 Type the command strings using the character and numeric keys.

2 Press [ENTER].

For details on specific commands and parameters, refer to the “Remote Control Operation” section in the installation and operation manual for the appropriate Comtech EF Data CST or KST system.


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3.1.1 CHARACTER FORMAT

The ASCII character format used requires 11 bits/character:

! 1 start bit

! 7 information bits

! 1 parity bit

! 2 stop bits (Note: Default is “7e2”.)

3.1.2 START CHARACTER

Each message on the remote link begins with a start character and ends with an end character. The start and end characters are different for commands and responses.

The start characters are as follows:

! Commands: <

! Responses: >

3.1.3 DEVICE ADDRESSES

The device address is the address of the specific device that is designated to receive or respond to a transmitted command.

Table 8. Device Addresses

Valid Device Addresses

Length 1 to 3 characters

Range 1 to 255

When using the KP-10 external keypad, the global address “*” is used to create a string output response displayed on the external keypad. This KP-10 global address causes the accessed device to respond, regardless of its specific address.

CAUTION

Do not confuse the KP-10 global address (*) with the global address of zero referred to in the M&C System Monitor Software User’s Guide. The zero global address causes the accessed device to accept commands without responding.


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3.1.4 COMMAND MESSAGE STRUCTURE

The valid message structure varies according to whether the message is a command or a response. The command message structure is as follows:

Example: <add/DCF_nnnn.n'cr'] Start Character

Device Address

Command and Parameter

End Character

< add/ DCF_nnnn.n 'cr']

Replace 'add' with the valid device address, or use the KP-10 global address of '*' (for a single-system RFT only).

Command = DCF_

Parameter = nnnn.n

carriage return and end bracket

3.1.5 RESPONSE MESSAGE STRUCTURE

The response message structure is as follows:

Example: >add/DCF_nnnn.n'cr''lf'] Start Character

Device Address

Command, Parameter and Response

End Character

> add/ DCF_nnnn.n'cr''lf' ] 'add' is replaced by the valid device

address, or the KP-10 global address of '*' (for a single-system RFT only)

Command = DCF_

Parameter = nnnn.n

Response = 'lf'

End bracket

Replace parameter markers (such as “add”) with appropriate values. For more information about specific parameter values, refer to the “Remote Control Operation” section in the installation and operation manual for the appropriate Comtech EF Data CST or KST terminal system.

Note: “add” is a parameter marker that must be replaced with a valid 1 to 3 character device address in the range of 1 through 255, or the KP-10 global address of “*”.


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CAUTION Do not use any global address when accessing the RSU unit with the KP-10.

3.1.6 END CHARACTER

As stated previously, each message on the remote link begins with a start character and ends with an end character. The start and end characters are different for commands and responses.

The end characters are as follows:

! Commands “cr”] (carriage return and end bracket)

! Responses ] (end bracket)

3.1.7 NEGATIVE RESPONSES

If the terminal receives a message which does not match the established protocol or cannot be implemented, a negative acknowledgment is sent in response.

Examples of negative responses include:

! >add/?ER1_PARITY ERROR'cr''lf'] (Error message for received parity errors.)

! >add/?ER2_INVALID PARAMETER'cr''lf'] (Error message for a recognized command which cannot be implemented or has parameters which are out of range.)

! >add/?ER3_UNRECOGNIZABLE COMMAND'cr''lf'] (Error message for unrecognizable command or bad command syntax.)

! >add/?ER4_CONVERTER IN LOCK MODE'cr''lf'] (Controller in Lock mode, must go to Enable mode first.)

! >add/?ER5_NOT SUPPORTED BY HARDWARE'cr''lf'] (The command is a legal command, but is not supported by the current hardware configuration.)


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3.2 SINGLE RFT COMMUNICATIONS

3.2.1 KEYPAD VARIATIONS FOR AN RFT

When the KP-10 is being used with a single-system RFT, the valid function keys are:

FS MS AS

Scroll

OSRESET

Figure 6. Function Keys for use with an RFT

Table 9. Descriptions of Function Keys used with an RFT

Function Key Description

[RESET] Reset External Keypad

[OS] Switch Operation Status

[FS] Switch Fault Status

[MS] Switch Maintenance Status

[AS] Switch Address (see Note)

Note: The key labeled [KP ON] performs the [AS] function.

CAUTION Make sure the [SHIFT] indicator LED is OFF before using these keys.


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3.2.2 SINGLE SYSTEM ADDRESS

If the KP-10 is connected to a single RFT, the KP-10 global address of “*” is sufficient for communicating with the terminal. There is no need to ascertain the actual address of the RFT, in this case. A list of typical commands used with an RFT includes the following:

<add/ 'UCF_'

<add/ 'DCF_'

<add/ 'RF_'

<add/ 'UCA_'

<add/ 'DCA_'

<add/ 'AS_'

<add/ 'BR_'

<add/ 'PS_'

<add/ 'RFJ_'

<add/ 'CLNA_'

<add/ 'FAN_'

<add/ 'LFE_'

<add/ 'SEL_'

<add/ 'PGM_'

<add/ 'CPGM_'

<add/ 'XFE_'

<add/ 'OS_'

<add/ 'FS_'

<add/ 'SF_'

<add/ 'MS_'

<add/ 'ET_'

<add/ 'LM_'

<add/ 'LPE_'

<add/ 'RSW_'

Note: Replace "add" with the address of the device being accessed.


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3.3 RSU COMMUNICATIONS

If the KP-10 is connected to a single RFT, the KP-10 global address of “*” is sufficient for communicating with the terminal. There is no need to ascertain the actual address of the RFT, in this case.

3.3.1 KP-10 KEYPAD VARIATIONS FOR AN RSU

When the KP-10 is being used with an RSU, the valid function keys are as follows:

RFS RMS ASR

Scroll

ROSRESET

Figure 7. Function Keys for use with an RSU

Table 10. Descriptions of Function Keys used with an RSU

Function Key Description

[RESET] Reset External Keypad

[ROS] Redundancy Switch Operation Status

[RFS] Redundancy Switch Fault Status

[RMS] Redundancy Switch Maintenance Status

[ASR] Switch Address (See Note)

Note: The key labeled [KP ON] performs the [ASR] function.

CAUTION Make sure the [SHIFT] indicator LED is ON before using these keys.


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3.3.2 MULTIPLE UNIT ADDRESSES

To communicate with each terminal via the RSU, the following format is used:

! <*/ASR_ (Meaning: RSU command - address 1)

In the previous example, the KP-10 is connected to an RSU. The global address command was sent first, then AS was pressed to access the address for a specific terminal before sending other commands.

In the following example, the address (2) of Terminal A follows “*”:

! <*2/FS_ (Meaning: Terminal A command - address 2)

Note: Always make sure the correct address of any terminal (other than address 1) follows “*” in the command string.

A list of typical commands used with an RSU includes the following:

<add/ 'ASA_'

<add/ 'ASB_'

<add/ 'ASR_'

<add/ 'BR_'

<add/ 'PS_'

<add/ 'ULS_'

<add/ 'ULM_'

<add/ 'DLS_'

<add/ 'DLM_'

<add/ 'HWC_'

<add/ 'ROS_'

<add/ 'RFS_'

<add/ 'RSF_'

<add/ 'RMS_'

<add/ 'ET_'

<add/ 'POLL_'

<add/ 'LM_'


24

A–1

Appendix A. CABLES

Figure 1 CA/4873 ................................ A–2 Figure 2 CA/5103 ................................ A–3 Figure 3 CA/6158 ................................ A–4 Figure 4 CA/8075 ................................ A–5 Figure 5 CA/8076 ................................ A–6 Figure 6 C/A 8077 ............................... A–7


A–2

Figure 8 CA/4873


A–3

Figure 9 CA/5103

1

A

INK

, CO

LOR

BLA

CK

, LO

CAT

E A

PPR

OX

IMAT

ELY

IN .1

2 H

IGH

CH

AR

ACT

ERS,

USI

NG

PER

MA

NEN

TA

PPLY

PA

RT N

UMB

ER A

ND

REV

ISIO

N T

O L

AB

EL,

WHE

RE

SHO

WN

.

NO

TES:

UN

LESS

OTH

ERW

ISE

SPEC

IFIE

D:

INST

ALL

ING

TER

MIN

ALS

OR

CO

NNEC

TOR

S U

SIN

GM

AN

UFA

CTU

RER

S IN

STA

LLAT

ION

PR

OC

EDU

RE.

STRI

P A

ND/

OR

TIN

WIR

ES

AS R

EQU

IRED

FO

R

P2P1

SIG

NA

L

WIR

E L

IST

FRO

MTO

P1-1

P2-A

-RX

/TX

P1-2

P2-C

+RX/

TX

P1-5

P2-J

P1-9

P2-L

22

1

TAB

LE A

PAR

T #

LEN

GTH

CA

/510

3

CA

/510

3-1

6 FT

132

FT

GN

D

+12V

SEE

TABL

E A

4X

2X

SHEE

T1

OF

DR

AWIN

G N

O.

4J51

5C

AG

E C

OD

ESI

ZE B

SCA

LEA

PVD

DO

NO

T SC

ALE

DR

AWIN

G

FLAT

NES

S .0

05 IN

CH

PER

INC

H

AN

D A

RE

AFT

ER C

OAT

ING

ALL

DIM

ENSI

ON

S A

RE

IN IN

CH

ES AN

GLE

REM

OVE

BU

RR

S A

ND

SH

AR

P

UN

LESS

OTH

ERW

ISE

SPEC

IFIE

D

SUR

FAC

E TE

XTU

RE:

EDG

ES

TOL:

..XX

.XXX

-+ -+

FIN

ISH

DFT

G

APV

D.

CH

K12

5

_ +.

MAT

ERIA

L

APP

LIC

ATIO

N

NEX

T A

SSY

USE

D O

N

THIR

D A

NG

LE P

RO

JEC

TIO

N

LTR

DES

CR

IPTI

ON

BY

CH

ECK

DAT

EA

PPRV

L

REV

.

PRO

PRIE

TAR

Y D

ATA

OF

CO

MTE

CH

EF

DAT

A C

OR

POR

ATIO

N.

NEI

THER

THIS

DO

CU

MEN

T A

ND

TH

E IN

FOR

MAT

ION

DIS

CLO

SED

HER

EIN

AR

E

THIS

DO

CU

MEN

T N

OR

TH

E IN

FOR

MAT

ION

CO

NTA

INED

HER

EIN

SH

ALL

BE

REP

RO

DU

CED

, US

ED O

R D

ISC

LOSE

D T

O O

THE

RS

WIT

HO

UT

THE

WR

ITTE

N A

UTH

OR

IZAT

ION

OF

CO

MTE

CH

EF

DAT

A C

OR

POR

ATIO

N.

CO

MTE

CH

EF

DAT

A P

RO

PRIE

TARY

CO

MTE

CH E

F DA

TA C

OR

POR

ATIO

N

16

43

7

2

CA

/510

3

ASS

Y, C

AB

LE, R

S485

SER

IAL


A–4

Figure 10 CA/6158

1

APP

LY P

ART

NU

MBE

R A

ND R

EVIS

ION

TO

LAB

EL

IN .

12 H

IGH

CHA

RAC

TER

S, C

OLO

R B

LAC

K,

USI

NG P

ERM

ANEN

T IN

K, L

OCA

TE

APP

RO

XIM

ATEL

Y W

HER

E SH

OW

N.

STRI

P AN

D/O

R TI

N W

IRES

AS

REQ

UIR

ED F

OR

IN

STAL

LING

TER

MIN

ALS

OR

CO

NNE

CTO

RS U

SIN

G M

AN

UFA

CTU

RERS

INST

ALL

ATIO

N PR

OC

EDU

RE.

WIR

E LI

ST

-RX

FRO

MP1

-1P2

-ATOSI

GNA

L

P1-2

P2-D

+RX

P1-3

P2-C

+TX

P1-4

N/C

-P1

-5P2

-JG

NDP1

-6P2

-B-T

XP1

-7N

/C-

P1-8

N/C

-P1

-9P2

-L+1

2V

PAR

T NO

.C

A/61

58D

IM A

72.0

0 %

%P3

.00

CA

/615

8-1

132F

T %

%P4

FT

TAB

LE A

OF

.25

INCH

OF

HEAT

SHR

INK,

ITEM

7, O

VER

EAC

H SO

LDER

JO

INT.

SEE

DET

AIL

A.

ALL

WIR

E TE

RM

INAT

ION

S SH

ALL

HAV

E A

MIN

IMUM

"D"

CONN

ECTO

R T

ERM

INAT

ION

S

DET

AIL

3

REP

LAC

E SC

REW

S PR

OVI

DED

WIT

H H

OO

D,

ITEM

3, W

ITH

SOC

KET

HEA

D S

CRE

WS,

ITEM

8.

USE

HEA

T SH

RIN

K, IT

EM 5

, TO

BU

ILD

UP

CAB

LE D

IAM

ETER

SO

TH

AT C

LAM

P O

F P2

, ITE

M 1

,C

LAM

PS T

IGHT

LY A

RO

UND

CAB

LE.

(P1)

(P2)

THE

WRI

TTEN

AUT

HORI

ZATI

ON

OF

EFDA

TA C

ORPO

RATI

ON.

BE R

EPRO

DUCE

D, U

SED

OR D

ISCL

OSED

TO

OTHE

RS W

ITHO

UTDO

CUM

ENT

NOR

THE

INFO

RMAT

ION

CONT

AINE

D HE

REIN

SHA

LL

PROP

RIET

ARY

DATA

OF

EFDA

TA C

ORPO

RATI

ON.

NEI

THER

THI

S

THIS

DOC

UMEN

T AN

D TH

E IN

FORM

ATIO

N DI

SCLO

SED

HERE

IN A

REEF

DAT

A P

RO

PRIE

TARY

UN

LESS

OTH

ERW

ISE

SPEC

IFIE

D

ALL

DIM

ENS

ION

S A

RE

IN IN

CH

ES AN

GLE

%%

P

DO N

OT

SCA

LE D

RAW

ING

FLAT

NESS

.005

INC

H PE

R IN

CH

.

REM

OVE

BUR

RS

AN

D S

HAR

P

AN

D A

RE

AFT

ER C

OAT

ING

SUR

FACE

TEX

TURE

:

EDG

ES

TOL:

..XXX

%%

P.X

X %

%p

125

.

APV

D

AP

VD

CHK

FIN

ISH

DFT

G

MAT

ERIA

L

NEX

T A

SSY AP

PLI

CAT

IONU

SED

ON

C

SCA

LE

SIZE

4J51

5C

AG

E CO

DE

DR

AWIN

G N

O.

SH

EET

1O

F

REV

.

NOTE

S: U

NLE

SS O

THER

WIS

E SP

ECIF

IED

3

2X

2X

CA/6

158

2 3 84

16

7

45

51

5 4 2 1


A–5

Figure 11 CA/8075

WIR

E LI

STFR

OM

TO

P2-S

DIM

`A'

72.0

0 P

3.00

TAB

LE A

CA

BLE

NO

.

CA

/807

5-1

NOTE

S: U

NLE

SS O

THER

WIS

E SP

ECIF

IED

ALL

WIR

E TE

RMIN

ATIO

NS S

HALL

HAV

E A

MIN

IMU

M O

F .2

5 IN

CH

OF

HEA

T SH

RIN

K, I

TEM

7, O

VER

EA

CH S

OLD

ER J

OIN

T. S

EE D

ETA

IL A

.

STRI

P AN

D/O

R TI

N W

IRES

AS

REQ

UIR

ED F

OR

INST

ALLI

NG T

ERM

INA

LS O

R CO

NN

ECTO

RS

USI

NG

MA

NUFA

CTU

RER

S IN

STAL

LATI

ON

PRO

CED

URE

.

USE

HEA

T SH

RIN

K, IT

EM 5

, TO

BUI

LD U

P CA

BLE

DIA

MET

ER S

O T

HAT

CLA

MP

OF

P2, I

TEM

1, C

LAM

PS T

IGHT

LY

ARO

UND

CA

BLE.

P1-

9

P1-5

P2-J

GN

D

-RX/

TXP2

-AP1

-1

P1-2

P2-C

+RX/

TX

132

FT

P 4

FTCA

/807

5-2

DR

AIN

DR

AIN

P1-5

P2-R

44

(P2)

APP

LY P

ART

NUM

BER

AND

REV

ISIO

N T

O L

ABE

L IN

.12

HIG

H CH

AR

ACTE

RS, U

SING

PER

MAN

ENT

MAR

KIN

G, C

OLO

R BL

AC

K, L

OCA

TE

APP

ROXI

MAT

ELY

WH

ERE

SHO

WN.

2.

D-SU

B C

ONN

ECTO

RD

ETA

IL A

TER

MIN

ATIO

NS

SHEE

T1

OF

DR

AWIN

G N

O.

1RN

38C

AG

E C

OD

ESI

ZE B

SCA

LEA

PVD

DO

NO

T SC

ALE

DR

AWIN

G

FLAT

NES

S .0

05 IN

CH

PER

INC

H

AN

D A

RE

AFT

ER C

OAT

ING

ALL

DIM

ENSI

ON

S A

RE

IN IN

CH

ES AN

GLE

REM

OVE

BU

RR

S A

ND

SH

AR

P

UN

LESS

OTH

ERW

ISE

SPEC

IFIE

D

SUR

FAC

E TE

XTU

RE:

EDG

ES

TOL:

..XX

.XXX

-+ -+

FIN

ISH

DFT

G

APV

D.

CH

K12

5

_ +.

MAT

ERIA

L

APP

LIC

ATIO

N

NEX

T A

SSY

USE

D O

N

THIR

D A

NG

LE P

RO

JEC

TIO

N

LTR

DES

CR

IPTI

ON

BY

CH

ECK

DAT

EA

PPRV

L

REV

.

PRO

PRIE

TARY

DAT

A O

F CO

MTE

CH E

F DA

TA C

ORP

ORA

TIO

N. N

EITH

ERTH

IS D

OCU

MEN

T AN

D TH

E IN

FORM

ATIO

N DI

SCLO

SED

HERE

IN A

RE

THIS

DO

CUM

ENT

NOR

THE

INFO

RMAT

ION

CONT

AINE

D H

EREI

N SH

ALL

BE R

EPRO

DUCE

D, U

SED

OR

DISC

LOSE

D TO

OTH

ERS

WIT

HOUT

THE

WRI

TTEN

AUT

HORI

ZATI

ON O

F CO

MTE

CH E

F DA

TA C

ORP

ORA

TIO

N.

CO

MTE

CH

EF

DAT

A P

RO

PRIE

TARY

SIG

NAL

+12V

ITEM 4 4 4 4

PAIR X X

CA

/807

5

2 3

16

44

51

37

134


A–6

Figure 12 CA/8076

WIR

E LI

STFR

OM

TO

P2-A

(P1)

DIM

`A'

72.0

0%%

P3.0

0CA

BLE

NO

.C

A/80

76-1

(1)

NOTE

S: U

NLE

SS O

THER

WIS

E SP

ECIF

IED

ALL

WIR

E TE

RM

INAT

IONS

SHA

LL H

AVE

A M

INIM

UM

OF

.25

INCH

OF

HEAT

SH

RIN

K, IT

EM 7

, O

VER

EAC

H S

OLD

ER J

OIN

T. S

EE D

ETAI

L A

.

STR

IP A

ND/

OR

TIN

WIR

ES A

S RE

QUI

RED

FOR

IN

STAL

LING

TER

MIN

ALS

OR

CO

NNEC

TORS

U

SIN

G M

ANU

FAC

TURE

RS

INST

ALLA

TIO

N

PRO

CED

URE

.

USE

HEA

T SH

RIN

K, IT

EM 5

, TO

BUI

LD U

P CA

BLE

D

IAM

ETER

SO

THA

T CL

AMP

OF

P2, I

TEM

1,

CLA

MPS

TIG

HTLY

AR

OU

ND C

ABLE

.

P1-6

SIG

NAL

-TX

D-S

UB

CON

NECT

OR

DETA

IL A

TER

MIN

ATIO

NS

P1-3

P2-C

+TX

-RX

P2-B

P1-1

P1-2

P2-D

+RX

ITEM 4 4 4 4

132

FT %

%P

4FT

CA/8

076-

2

P2-J

P2-S

P1-5

P1-9

44

PAIR X X

(P2)

2XA

PPLY

PAR

T N

UMBE

R AN

D R

EVIS

ION

TO

LA

BEL

IN .1

2 H

IGH

CH

ARAC

TER

S, U

SING

PER

MAN

ENT

MA

RKI

NG, C

OLO

R B

LAC

K, L

OC

ATE

APP

ROXI

MAT

ELY

WH

ERE

SHO

WN.

2.

P1-5

P2-T

P2-T

DRAI

N

DRAI

N

P2-J

JUM

PER

8

+12VGND

X

DIM

`A'

SHEE

T1

OF

DR

AWIN

G N

O.

1RN

38C

AG

E C

OD

ESI

ZE B

SCA

LEA

PVD

DO

NO

T SC

ALE

DR

AWIN

G

FLAT

NES

S .0

05 IN

CH

PER

INC

H

AN

D A

RE

AFT

ER C

OAT

ING

ALL

DIM

ENSI

ON

S A

RE

IN IN

CH

ES AN

GLE

REM

OVE

BU

RR

S A

ND

SH

AR

P

UN

LESS

OTH

ERW

ISE

SPEC

IFIE

D

SUR

FAC

E TE

XTU

RE:

EDG

ES

TOL:

..XX

.XXX

-+ -+

FIN

ISH

DFT

G

APV

D.

CH

K12

5

_ +.

MAT

ERIA

L

APP

LIC

ATIO

N

NEX

T A

SSY

USE

D O

N

THIR

D A

NG

LE P

RO

JEC

TIO

N

LTR

DES

CR

IPTI

ON

BY

CH

ECK

DAT

EA

PPRV

L

REV

.

PRO

PRIE

TARY

DAT

A O

F CO

MTE

CH E

F DA

TA C

ORP

ORA

TIO

N. N

EITH

ERTH

IS D

OCU

MEN

T A

ND T

HE IN

FOR

MAT

ION

DISC

LOSE

D HE

REI

N A

RE

THIS

DO

CUM

ENT

NOR

THE

INFO

RMAT

ION

CO

NTAI

NED

HER

EIN

SHAL

L

BE R

EPRO

DUCE

D, U

SED

OR

DISC

LOSE

D TO

OTH

ERS

WIT

HOU

T TH

E

WRI

TTEN

AUT

HORI

ZATI

ON

OF

COM

TECH

EF

DATA

CO

RPO

RATI

ON.

CO

MTE

CH

EF

DAT

A P

RO

PRIE

TARY

2 3

16

44

51

4 3 1

73

CA

/807

6


A–7

Figure 13 C/A 8077

WIR

E LI

STFR

OM

TO

P2-S

(P1)

DIM

`A'

72.0

0%%

P3.0

0

TAB

LE A

CA

BLE

NO

.C

A/80

77-1

(1)

NO

TES:

UNL

ESS

OTH

ERW

ISE

SPEC

IFIE

D

ALL

WIR

E TE

RMIN

ATIO

NS S

HALL

HAV

E A

MIN

IMUM

OF

.25

INCH

OF

HEA

T SH

RINK

, ITE

M 7

, O

VER

EA

CH S

OLD

ER J

OIN

T. S

EE D

ETAI

L A.

STR

IP A

ND

/OR

TIN

WIR

ES A

S R

EQUI

RED

FO

R

INST

ALLI

NG T

ERM

INAL

S O

R C

ON

NECT

ORS

US

ING

MAN

UFAC

TURE

RS

INST

ALL

ATIO

N

PRO

CED

URE.

USE

HEAT

SH

RINK

, ITE

M 5

, TO

BUI

LD U

P CA

BLE

DIA

MET

ER S

O T

HAT

CLAM

P O

F P2

, ITE

M 1

, CL

AMPS

TIG

HTL

Y A

ROUN

D CA

BLE

.

P1-9

SIG

NAL

PWR

D-S

UB

CO

NN

ECTO

RD

ETA

IL A

TER

MIN

ATIO

NS

P1-5

P2-J

GND

TD/T

XP2

-GP1

-3

P1-2

P2-E

RD

/RX

ITEM 4 4 4 4

132

FT %

%P

4FT

CA/8

077-

2

DRA

IN

DRA

IN

P1-5

P2-R

44

PAIR X X

(P2)

2XAP

PLY

PART

NUM

BER

AND

REVI

SIO

N TO

LAB

EL IN

.12

HIG

H C

HAR

ACT

ERS,

USI

NG P

ERM

ANEN

T M

AR

KING

, CO

LOR

BLA

CK

, LO

CAT

E AP

PRO

XIM

ATEL

Y W

HERE

SHO

WN.

DIM

`A'

SHEE

T1

OF

DR

AWIN

G N

O.

1RN

38C

AG

E C

OD

ESI

ZE B

SCA

LEA

PVD

DO

NO

T SC

ALE

DR

AWIN

G

FLAT

NES

S .0

05 IN

CH

PER

INC

H

AN

D A

RE

AFT

ER C

OAT

ING

ALL

DIM

ENSI

ON

S A

RE

IN IN

CH

ES AN

GLE

REM

OVE

BU

RR

S A

ND

SH

AR

P

UN

LESS

OTH

ERW

ISE

SPEC

IFIE

D

SUR

FAC

E TE

XTU

RE:

EDG

ES

TOL:

..XX

.XXX

-+ -+

FIN

ISH

DFT

G

APV

D.

CH

K12

5

_ +

MAT

ERIA

L

APP

LIC

ATIO

N

NEX

T A

SSY

USE

D O

N

THIR

D A

NG

LE P

RO

JEC

TIO

N

LTR

DES

CR

IPTI

ON

BY

CH

ECK

DAT

EA

PPR

VL REV

.

PRO

PRIE

TARY

DAT

A O

F CO

MTE

CH E

F DA

TA C

OR

PORA

TIO

N.

NEI

THER

THIS

DO

CUM

ENT

AND

TH

E IN

FORM

ATIO

N D

ISC

LOSE

D HE

REIN

ARE

THIS

DO

CUM

ENT

NOR

TH

E IN

FOR

MAT

ION

CON

TAIN

ED H

EREI

N S

HAL

L

BE R

EPR

ODU

CED,

USE

D O

R D

ISCL

OSE

D TO

OTH

ERS

WIT

HOUT

TH

E

WR

ITTE

N A

UTHO

RIZA

TIO

N O

F C

OM

TEC

H EF

DAT

A C

ORP

OR

ATIO

N.

CO

MTE

CH

EF

DAT

A P

RO

PRIE

TARY

2134

3

64

51

14

37

CA

/807

7


A–8

METRIC CONVERSIONS

Units of Length

Unit

Centimeter

Inch

Foot

Yard

Mile

Meter

Kilometer

Millimeter

1 centimeter — 0.3937 0.03281 0.01094 6.214 x 10-6 0.01 — —

1 inch 2.540 — 0.08333 0.2778 1.578 x 10-5 0.254 — 25.4

1 foot 30.480 12.0 — 0.3333 1.893 x 10-4 0.3048 — —

1 yard 91.44 36.0 3.0 — 5.679 x 10-4 0.9144 — —

1 meter 100.0 39.37 3.281 1.094 6.214 x 10-4 — — —

1 mile 1.609 x 105 6.336 x 104 5.280 x 103 1.760 x 103 — 1.609 x 103 1.609 —

1 mm — 0.03937 — — — — — —

1 kilometer — — — — 0.621 — — —

Temperature Conversions

Units of Weight

Unit

Gram

Ounce Avoirdupois

Ounce Troy

Pound Avoir.

Pound Troy

Kilogram

1 gram — 0.03527 0.03215 0.002205 0.002679 0.001

1 oz. avoir. 28.35 — 0.9115 0.0625 0.07595 0.02835

1 oz. troy 31.10 1.097 — 0.06857 0.08333 0.03110

1 lb. avoir. 453.6 16.0 14.58 — 1.215 0.4536

1 lb. Troy 373.2 13.17 12.0 0.8229 — 0.3732

1 kilogram 1.0 x 103 35.27 32.15 2.205 2.679 —

Unit

° Fahrenheit

° Centigrade

32° Fahrenheit —

0

(water freezes)

212° Fahrenheit —

100

(water boils)

-459.6° Fahrenheit —

273.1

(absolute 0)

Formulas

C = (F - 32) * 0.555

F = (C * 1.8) + 32

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