KNOWLEDGE organiserYear 8

Half Term 3

CORE

English, Year 8 Unit 2- Love and Conflict, Knowledge Organiser

The Raven- Key Themes:

Key characters in Sherlock Holmes:

Sherlock Holmes: a fictional private detective created by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Referring to himself as a "consulting detective" in the stories, he is extremely clever and observant.Dr. Watson: Watson is Sherlock Holmes' friend, assistant and flatmate, as well as the first person narrator of all but four of the Sherlock Holmes storiesHelen Stoner: Helen asks for Sherlock’s help in solving the mysterious case of her sister’s death.King Wilhelm: The King of Bohemia. Asks for Sherlock’s help in retrieving a compromising photo of him, kept by Irene Adler.Irene Adler: Clever and brilliant, she is one of the most notable female characters in the Sherlock Holmes series, despite appearing in only one story.

Awareness of impact, intention and context

The Gothic Genre

Gothic fiction, which is largely known by the subgenre of Gothic horror, is a genre or mode of literature and film that combines fiction and horror, death, and at times romance. Its origin is attributed to English author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto, subtitled (in its second edition) "A Gothic Story." It originated in England in the second half of the 18th century and had much success in the 19th, as witnessed by Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the works of Edgar Allan Poe. The name Gothic refers to the (pseudo)-medieval buildings, emulating Gothic architecture, in which many of these stories take place.

Frankenstein- Key Themes:

Key Terms:

Tier 2: Critical, Macabre, Supernatural, Eerie, Uncanny, Curse, Entrapment, Grotesque, Terror, Reverent, IntrospectiveDeduction, Scandal, Enlighten, Context, Mythology, JudiciousIntention, Ornithological, Psychological , Societal, Commentary, detective, archetypal

Tier 3: Genre, Symbol, Motif, Allusion, Genre, Pathetic fallacyGothic, Convention, Narrative Chronicle, Extended metaphor Setting , Characterisation, Archetype, Trope, imagery,

Prefixes: ante, hydro, hyper, hypoPre, post

Suffixes: al, an, en

Narrative Poetry:

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making the voices of a narrator and characters as well; the entire story is usually written in metered verse.

Industrialisation:

In 1837, Britain was still a rural nation with 80% of the population living in the countryside. Most people were farmers or spun wool and cotton to weave into cloth. Soon new machines were invented that could do these jobs in a fraction of the time. This left many people out of work, so they flocked to the towns in search of jobs in new industries. By the middle of the nineteenth century over 50% of the population lived in towns and cities. Despite the growing wealth due to trade and commerce, many of the working people, who actually produced the wealth, lived, worked and died in very poor conditions.

Science and Religion:

Throughout the Victorian age, religion was a dominant force in the lives of many. However, there was a growing seam of doubt. Social life for ordinary people revolved around choir and Sunday School outings. Many employers insisted that their employees go to church. The Victorian era is famous for being prim and proper, even though there was a seedy 'underworld' of prostitution, drugs and crime in the 'wrong' parts of town. Karl Marx, who wrote the Communist Manifesto described religion as "the opiate of the masses" ie a trick to keep the poor in their place. Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859) seemed to disprove creation (the belief that God created the world and that it had started with Adam and Eve), and substituted the new idea of 'evolution'.

Jekyll and Hyde- Key Themes:

English, Year 8 Unit 2- Love and Conflict, Knowledge Organiser

The Raven- find and analyse a key quote for each of these themes:

Key characters in Sherlock Holmes:

Write a poem inspired by the character of Sherlock Holmes.

Write a character summary for each of the key characters.

Which conventions of the gothic genre feature in: FrankensteinThe Raven Jekyll and Hyde

You must fully explain your ideas, in full sentences.

Awareness of impact, intention and context

The Gothic Genre

List 8 features of the gothic genre

Write a short story in which you include features of the gothic genre.

Find, record the titles of and summarise, three other texts that are classed as ‘gothic’

Frankenstein- find and analyse a key quote for each of these themes:

5 at a time. Define the key term and use in a sentence:

Tier 2: Critical, Macabre, Supernatural, Eerie, Uncanny, Curse, Entrapment, Grotesque, Terror, Reverent, IntrospectiveDeduction, Scandal, Enlighten, Context, Mythology, JudiciousIntention, Ornithological, Psychological , Societal, Commentary, detective, archetypal

Tier 3: Genre, Symbol, Motif, Allusion, Genre, Pathetic fallacyGothic, Convention, Narrative Chronicle, Extended metaphor Setting , Characterisation, Archetype, Trope, imagery,

Write a definition of each of these prefixes: ante, hydro, hyper, hypoPre, post

Write a list of words that begin with each of these prefixes: ante, hydro, hyper, hypoPre, post

Define and write a list of words linked to the suffixes: al, an, en

Industrialisation:

Research and find 10 additional facts about the industrial revolution in the Victorian era.

Create a dual coding poster summarising industrialisation

Write the opening to a short story. The protagonist should be a child, living in poverty during the Victorian era.

Science and Religion:

Research and record 5 key facts about Karl Marx’s communist manifesto- must be in full sentences.

Research and record 5 key facts about Darwinism- must be in full sentences.

Produce a paragraph in response to this question: Why do you think people began to question religion during the Victorian era?

Jekyll and Hyde- Find and analyse a key quote for each of these themes:

Mathematics Knowledge Organiser

Year 8: Algebra and Area / Perimeter

KEY VOCABULARY/TERMS

simplify coefficient indices balancing multiply expand factorise equation

formula like terms substitute function factor expression binomial radius

circumference area perimeter trapezium parallelogram

METHODS Area / Perimeter

SIMPLIFYING EXPRESSIONS

SOLVING EQUATIONS

Remember

scales: What

ever you do to

one side, do to

the other.

Mathematics Knowledge Organiser

Year 8: Algebra and Area / Perimeter

KEY VOCABULARY/TERMS

Learn the spelling of key words

by using the look, cover, write,

check method.

METHODS Finding Area / Perimeter

SIMPLIFYING EXPRESSIONS

SOLVING EQUATIONS

For the following examples spot the

mistakes and correct them.

algebra

Proportions of gases in the atmosphere

(NOW)

Composition and evolution of the

atmosphere

Combustion of fuels

Source of atmospheric

pollutants. Most fuels may also

contain some sulfur.

Gases from burning

fuels

Carbon dioxide, water vapour,

carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen.

Particulates

Solid particles and unburned fuels released when burning fuels.

Algae and plants

These produced the oxygen that is now in the atmosphere, through

photosynthesis.

carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

Oxygen in the atmosphere

First produced by algae 2.7 billion years ago.

Over the next billion years plants evolved to gradually produce more oxygen. This gradually enabled animals to evolve.

Volcano activity 1st Billion years

The Earth formed about 4.6 billion

years ago, intense volcanic activity

Released gases (mainly CO2), that made the early atmosphere, water vapour condensed to form the oceans.

Other gases From volcanic

eruptions

Nitrogen was released, with small proportions of ammonia and methane.

Reducing carbon dioxide

in the atmosphere

When the oceans formed, carbon

dioxide dissolved.

Forming carbonate and eventually rocks.

Gas Percentage

Nitrogen 80%

Oxygen 20%

Other gases Small %’s e.g CO2, water vapour and

noble gases

The Earth’s early atmosphere

How oxygen increased

How carbon dioxide decreased

Reducing carbon dioxide

in the atmosphere

Algae and plants These gradually reduced the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere by absorbing it for photosynthesis.

Formation of sedimentary

rocks and fossil fuels

These are made out of the remains of

biological matter, formed over

millions of years

Remains of biological matter falls to the bottom of oceans. Over millions of years layers, sediment settled on top and the huge pressure turned them into fossil fuels such as: coal, oil, natural gas and sedimentary rocks, containing carbon dioxide.

CO2 and methane as greenhouse gases

Greenhouse gases

Carbon dioxide, water vapour and methane

Examples of greenhouse gases that trap thermal

energy and maintain temperatures on Earth in

order to support life

Human activities and greenhouse gases

Carbon dioxide

Human activity that increases carbon dioxide, include burning fossil fuels

and deforestation.

Methane

Human activity that increase methane, include growing animals

(for food) and the decay of rubbish in land fill sites.

Climate change

There is evidence to suggest that human activities will cause the

Earth’s atmospheric temperature to increase and cause climate change.

Global climate change

Effects of climate change

Rising sea levels

Extreme weather events such as severe storms

Change in amount and distribution of rainfall

Changes to distribution of wildlife species with some

becoming extinct

Carbon footprints

Atmospheric pollutants from fuels The total amount of

greenhouse gases produced. This can be reduced by reducing emissions of

carbon dioxide and methane.

Properties and effects of atmospheric pollutants

Carbon monoxide

Toxic, colourless and odourless gas. Not easily

detected, can kill.

Sulfur dioxide and oxides of

nitrogen

Cause respiratory problems in humans and

acid rain

Particulates Cause global dimming and health problems in

humans.

Common atmospheric

pollutants

Key words in purple

Chemistry of the atmosphere

Chemistry Knowledge Organiser

Chemistry of the atmosphere: Year 8

Self Quizzing Questions

1. How many billions of years old do

scientists think the Earth is?

2. During the 1st billion years of the Earth’s

existence what do scientists think

happened?

3. What 5 gases do scientists think the

above released?

4. How were the oceans on the Earth

formed?

5. What gas dissolves in the oceans?

6. Give 2 other ways the % of carbon

dioxide in the atmosphere decreased.

7. How many billion years ago did algae

first produce oxygen?

8. Name the process by which algae and

plants produce oxygen.

9. Write the word and balanced symbol

equation for photosynthesis.

10. How do greenhouse gases support life

on Earth?

11. Name 3 examples of greenhouse

gases.

12.Recall 2 activities that increase the

amount of carbon dioxide in the

atmosphere.

13. Recall 2 activities that increase the

amount of methane in the atmosphere

14. What does evidence suggest will

happen to the Earth’s atmospheric

temperature and why?

15. Describe 4 effects of climate change.

16. Define carbon footprint.

17. How can the carbon footprint be

reduced?

18. Give examples of gases released into

the atmosphere when a fuel is burned.

19. Describe carbon monoxide gas.

20. What are the effects of sulfur dioxide

and oxides of nitrogen?

21. What are the effects of particulates?

Ebacc

Year 8 Computer Science 8.2 Data Representation

Binary a base 2 number system which means it only has 2 numbers; 0 and 1. 1 = ON, 0 = OFF (Computers use binary).

Denary is a base 10 number system which means it only has 10 numbers; 0-9 (Humans use denary).

DENARY BINARY

0 0

1 1

2 10

3 11

4 100

5 101

6 110

7 111

8 1000

9 1001

10 1010

11 1011

12 1100

13 1101

14 1110

15 1111

Binary to Denary:

Denary to Binary:

As binary only uses 1s and 0s,

0+0 = 0 works and 0+1=1 works

but 1+1 CAN’T equal 2!

(because there is no 2 in binary)

Instead in binary, 1+1 = 10

2 in denary = 10 in binary

And 1+1+1 = 11

3 in denary = 11 in binary

Rules for binary addition:

Sometimes when doing binary addition you get a result that

requires more bits than we have space for.

This is called an overflow error!

Overflow errors result

in loss of data

and the results are inaccurate!

Logic gates are special switches built into computer circuits, used to make decisions.

1. They receive binary data

2. Apply a Boolean operation.

3. Then output a binary result.

The 3 gates (switches):

AND gate

OR gate

NOT gate

What I need to know / be able to do:

Year 8 Computer Science - Topic 8.2 Data Representation

Define the term ‘binary’. Which numbers can be used in the binary number system?

Define the term ‘denary’. Which numbers can be used in the denary number system?

Convert any denary number between 0-255 into binary using the binary table.

Convert any binary number from 0000 0000 to 1111 1111 into denary using the binary table.

What is the rule for 1+1 in binary? Why?

What is the rule for 1+1+1 in binary? Why?

What is an overflow error?

What do over flow errors cause?

Create a binary addition sum that causes an overflow error and show how to deal with it.

What are logic gates?

What does a logic gate do?

Draw and label the 3 main logic gates.

Draw the AND gate and it’s corresponding truth table. What is the rule for the AND gate?

Draw the OR gate and it’s corresponding truth table. What is the rule for the OR gate?

Draw the NOT gate and it’s corresponding truth table. What is the rule for the NOT gate?

1001 1100 1010 0011

0110 1001 0110 0110

203 39

227 181

1010 0110 0100 1100

0011 0011 1101 0011

0100 1001 1011 1110

0111 1110 0001 1000

1101 1100 1001 0011

0101 1101 1111 0011

1001 0101 0110 1111

0110 1101 1010 0101

1011 1100 0101 1011

1011 1111 1111 1110

What is Q if A = 1 and B = 0?

What is Q if A = 1 and B = 0?

What is Q if A = 1 , B = 0 AND C=0?

Coastal Landscapes

What is erosion?

The break down and removal of rocks – smooth, round and sorted.

Attrition Rocks that bash together to become smooth/smaller.

Solution A chemical reaction that dissolves rocks.

Abrasion Rocks hurled at the base of a cliff to break pieces apart.

Hydraulic Action

Water enters cracks in the cliff, as the air compresses it puts pressure on the crack making it bigger and weaker.

What is transportation?

A natural process by which eroded material is carried elsewhere

Solution Minerals dissolve in water and are carried along.

Suspension Sediment is carried along in the flow of the water.

Saltation Pebbles that bounce along the sea bed.

Traction Boulders that roll or slide along a sea bed.

How is a coastal stack formed?

Stacks are formed by the process of erosion

1) Formed where a headland juts out from the coast

2) Erosion (hydraulic action and abrasion) widens cracks in the cliff face over time.

3) Eventually the crack develops into a cave

4) Caves from both sides of the headland break through to form an arch.

5) The top of the arch is weakened by weathering and the base is widened by erosion until the arch collapses to form a stack

6) Further weathering and erosion turns the stack into a stump.

How are spits formed?

Spits are formed by the process of deposition

1) Formed where Longshore drift transports material along the beach in a saw-tooth motion.

2) When there is a sudden change in direction of the coastline deposition occurs due to a loss of energy when hitting ‘slack’ (slow moving) water

3) Over time the deposited material will extend out from the coastline . This is called a spit.

4) Sand blown from the spit is deposited in the sheltered area behind the spit. This is called a salt marsh.

5) A change in prevailing wind direction forms a hook on the end of the spit.

What is deposition?

When the sea or river loses energy, it drops the sand, rock particles and pebbles it has been carrying. This is called deposition. Heaviest material is deposited first.

Coastal Landscapes

What is erosion?

What are the four types of erosion?

What is attrition?

What is solution?

What is abrasion?

What is hydraulic action?

What is deposition?

Why does it happen?

What process creates a stack?

Draw a diagram of a headland

and label the key parts

Describe how a stack is formed.

Remember to use key terms and

keep the description in

sequence by making use of

connectives.

Key terms:

Crack

Cave

Arch

Stack

Stump

Erosion

Weathering

Connectives:

Firstly

Then

Next

Eventually

Finally

After this

What is transportation?

What are the four types of transportation?

What is saltation?

What is traction?

What is solution?

What is suspension?

What process creates a stack?

Draw a diagram of a spit and

label the key parts

Describe how a spit is formed.

Remember to use key terms and

keep the description in sequence

by making use of connectives.

Key terms:

Longshore drift

Transportation

Deposition

Change in

Direction

Wind

Salt marsh

Connectives:

Firstly

Then

Next

Eventually

Finally

After this

History Knowledge OrganiserThe Holocaust

KEY VOCABULARY/ TERMSAryan, Untermensch - undesirables, Kristallnacht - Night of Broken Glass, Holocaust, Anti-semitism, Concentration camp, Zyklon B, Einsatzgruppen, Final Solution, Wannsee Conference, Ghetto.

Impact

Key individuals

Adolf Hitler Reinhard Heydrich

Rudolf Hess Oskar Schindler

Anne Frank Paul Oppenheimer

Camps.

Key dates

1934 Anti- Jewish propaganda.

1935 Nuremberg Laws.

1936 Berlin Olympics.

1937 Jewish businesses confiscated.

1938 Registration of Jewish property. Jewish doctors and dentists can not treat Aryans. J passport stamp. Kristallnacht.

1939 Jews must hand over gold, silver and pearls. Jews to be evicted from their homes. Yellow star introduced. Ghettos created in Poland.

1940 Warsaw Ghetto sealed off. There were 400 000 people inside.

1941 Einsatzgruppen began rounding up and killing Jews in Russia.

1942 Wannsee Conference organising the Final Solution.

1945 Death marches as camps were closed the surviving prisoner were moved.

History Knowledge OrganiserThe Holocaust

ImpactEach of these is

a Holocaust memorial. If you were to design one for England

what would it look like?

Key individuals for each person research their link to the Holocaust. Remember to give your references.

Key fact finder. Find 5 - 10 key facts and statistics about the Holocaust.

French Knowledge Organiser core information

Year 8/Term 2

Les questions Les opinions Desires

Prior Knowledge Articles (a, the) In French, we have to learn whether nouns are masculine, feminine or plural (gender). The article in front of the noun depends on the nouns gender. Masc Fem Plural THE le la les A/AN un une des

Les opinions Opinions J’adore I love J’aime I like Je n’aime pas I don’t like Je déteste I hate Je préfère I prefer Je voudrais I would like Je pense que I think that À mon avis In my opinion Dans mon opinion In my opinion parce que c’est because it is car c’est because it is

Adjective agreement Adjectives have to ‘agree’ with the gender of the noun they describe. This means that most adjectives have a feminine form, and add and ‘s’ when describing something plural. Masc Fem Plural intelligent intelligente intelligent(e)s amusant amusante amusant(e)s However, some adjectives change more drastically beau belle beaux/belles ennuyeux ennuyeuse ennuyeux/ennuyeuses

Tu aimes…..? Do you like…? Aimes-tu…..? Do you like…? Est-ce que tu aimes…..? Do you like…? Qu’est-ce que tu aimes…..? What do you like? Quel est…..? What is…? Qui est…..? Who is…? Que fais tu….? What do you do..?

Les verbes Faire To do(make) je joue I play Je fais I do je lis I read Tu fais You do j’envoie I send Il/Elle /On fais He/She/We do j’écoute I listen Nous faisons We do je partage I share Vous faisez You do je regarde I watch Ils/Elles faisent The do je tchatte I chat

Devoir to have to Je dois I have to Tu dois You have to Il/Elle/On doit He/she/we have to Je dois faire I have to do Je dois gagner I have to win Je dois aller I have to go

Pouvoir to be able to (can) Je peux I am able Tu peux You are able Il/Elle/On peut He/she/we are able Je peux faire I am able to do Je peux gagner I am able to win Je peux aller I am able to go

Vouloir to wish/want Je veux I want Tu veux You want Il/Elle/On veut He/she/we want Je veux faire I want to do Je veux gagner I want to win Je veux aller I want to go Je voudrais I would like Je voudrais gagner I would like to win.

Regarde! Look! Écoute! Listen! Chante! Sing! Danse! Danse

French Knowledge Organiser Core information

Year 8/Term 2

Using the question phrases and your vocabulary book. Write a list of 10 questions you could ask a friend about what they like to watch at the cinema or on TV. e.g. Tu aimes les films d’horreur?

Qu’est-ce qu’il y a dans la photo? Écris 4 phrases en français. What is in the photograph? Write 4 sentences in French.

Translate each paragraph into English. Write a paragraph in French about what you like/don’t like to watch at the cinema.

True or false?

Translate the following sentences in to French. 1. I have to play football at the weekend. 2. You have to go to the swimming pool. 3. I am able to watch the film. 4. She is able to go to the ice rink. 5. I want to go to the cinema. 6. He wants to win the match. 7. I would like to watch the television. 8. Look! The dog wants the pizza!

Écris une paragraphe en français. (30-40 mots) Write a paragraph in French (30-40 words) Mentionnez; • Ce que tu regardes à la télé. (What you watch on TV) • Tes opinions des films. (Your opinion of films) • Ta vie sur l’internaute. (Your life on the internet) • Ce que tu voudrais faire le weekend prochain. (What you would

like to do this weekend).

Christianity

Religious scripture

A central belief for all Christians is the belief in the Trinity. Christians believe that God is one but exists in three different 'persons'. God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit . Christians believe that these three persons also form a unity whom were all present during the

creation of the world and that each person has a different role.The word Trinity comes from the prefix 'tri' meaning 'three' and 'unity' meaning ‘one.

Triangle Tricycle Trinity Trifle Triathlon

The Holy Spirit

.

The Father

The Trinity

The Son

The Trinity is first mentioned in Genesis as part of the creation story. It is talked about during many Christian ceremonies and is a key belief of Christianity

Nicene Creed• St Paul described Jesus as having “equality with God”

Philippians 2:6The Gospel of John clearly states that Jesus has always been God’s son, even from before his birth

John 14:25-26 I will ask the Father, and he will give you another advocate to help you and be with you for ever - the Spirit of truth

John 14:16-17

The Gospels say that God the Son came into the world incarnate as Jesus, who is:

•both fully divine and fully human•immanent

•personal which means he understands human suffering•a Christian role model•The Saviour of mankind

Christians believe that God the Father is:•the creator of everything (Genesis)

•the sustainer of all things•transcendent

The Holy Spirit is the guiding part of the Trinity. Christians believe The Holy Spirit is

• the presence of God in the world today, as finding strength, courage and wisdom

The beliefs and teachings about the Trinity can help Christians to gain a deeper understanding of God and how he can be all of the

things that The Bible says that he is.

Influences

Religious scripture

‘We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty, maker of heaven and earth. … We believe in One Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God … of one Being with the Father … [who] was made man … he suffered death and … he rose again. … We believe in the Holy Spirit … the giver of life, who

proceeds from the Father and the Son … who has spoken through the prophets.’

The Trinity

Good Better Best Mastered

List the persons of The Trinity

Describe the roles of each person of The

Trinity

Explain how the Nicene Creed helps Christians

to understand The Trinity

‘The Trinity is the most important belief in

influencing a Christian’s life’

Evaluate this statement.In your answer give

• reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned

arguments to support a different point of view • reach a justified

conclusion.

• [12 marks] [+ 3 SPaG marks]

I want to work harder: How many purple words can you define?

innovation

ARTIST INFORMATION

ART Knowledge Organiser Year 8 : Term 2:1

ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG Rauschenberg was an American artist who was a member of the Pop Art movement. Initially he knew little about art, until he visited an art museum during World War II while serving in the U.S. Navy. He studied painting at the Kansas City Art Institute in 1946–47, changed his name from Milton to Robert because it sounded more artistic, and studied briefly in Europe.

From the late 1950s Rauschenberg experimented with the use of newspaper and magazine photographs in his paintings, devising a process using solvent to transfer images directly onto the canvas. About 1962 he used the silk-screen stencil technique for applying photographic images onto a large canvas, painting in between thee pictures with broad strokes of paint. These works were based on themes from modern American history and popular culture

1925 - 2008

KEY VOCABULARY Mixed Media – The use of various materials to produce an image. Scale – The size of an image. Enlarge – To increase the scale of an image. Composition – The development of an image so that it looks correct.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA Creativity - How you use and experiment with a range of materials to produce images.

Critical Understanding - How you have used the ideas of artists to develop your own work.

ARTIST INFORMATION

ART Knowledge Organiser Year 8 : Term 2:1

Write 3 relevant facts about Rauschenberg

Write the definitions for these words

Mixed Media – Scale – Enlarge – Composition -

Write about your likes/dislikes of the his work

KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER - Rock’n’Roll - Year 89. KEYWORDS

10. 12-Bar Blues The 12-note chord pattern repeated in Blues and Rock’n’Roll Music (see no.10 of ‘Blues’ KO).

11. Bass Line Root notes of a chord which are played at a low pitch.

12. Walking Bass Walks through the notes of each chord (see no.11 of ’The Blues’ Knowledge Organiser).

13. Ensemble A group of musicians playing together.

14. Accompaniment Supports the melody line but is played in the background, e.g. ostinato or chords.

15. Lyrics The words in a song.

16. Rhyme Where are word or syllable corresponds with each other at the end of a line.

17. Civil Right Movement To achieve equality between which and black people in the 1950s and 1960s in America.

46. UNDERSTANDING GUITAR NOTATION

1. HISTORICAL CONTEXT

2.. Rock’n’Roll developed in the southern states of America in the late 1940s and early 1950s.

3. African Americans moved to urban areas, which meant that black and white people were living closer together than every before.

4. Their styles of music mixed and evolved, creating new genres of music.

5. Rock’n’Roll was a mix of rhythm’n’blues (which came from The Blues) and country and western music. But also had influences of gospel, folk and jazz.

6. Typical songs were a faster version of the 12-bar blues with the distinctive twang of country and western singing.

7. Civil Rights: The Civil Rights movement was a struggle for social justice that took place mainly during the 1950s and 1960s for black people to gain equal rights under the law in the United States. The Civil War had officially abolished slavery, but it didn’t end discrimination. In the Civil Rights Act of 1964 the President John F Kennedy was witnessed signing the act by many activists. The law guaranteed equal employment for all and allowed the authorities to ensure public facilities were integrated.

8. Famous Leaders: 8.a. Martin Luther King was a social activist and Baptist minister who played a key role in the American Civil Rights movement from the mid-1950s until his assassination in 1968. He is famous for his ‘I have a dream speech. 8.b Rosa Parks helped initiate the Civil Rights movement in the US by refusing to give up her seat to a white man on an Alabama city bus in 1955.

18. KEY FEATURES OF 1950S ROCK’N’ROLL MUSIC

19. Up-tempo (140bpm) & 4/4 time signature.

20. Based around primary chords (I, IV and V).

21. Male Lead singer + electric guitars, bass guitar, drum kit.

22. Additional instruments include piano, saxophone or double bass.

23. Lyrics appealed to teenagers - the hook is repeated throughout.

24. Simple structures including: verse-chorus / AABA / instrumental section / call & response / 12-bar blues.

25. KEY FEATURES OF 1960S ROCK’N’ROLL MUSIC

26. Up-tempo (140 bpm) & 4/4 time signature.

27. Mostly based around primary chords + chord vi.

28. Lead electric guitar (often using power chords), rhythmic guitar, bass guitar, lead singer and drum kit.

29. Additional instruments include strings, brass and/or woodwind, effects on electric guitar.

30. Lyrics were based on religious themes, political beliefs, personal experiences of love and song told stories.

31. Verse-chorus structure.

39. KEY MUSICIANS & SONGS

40. Bill Haley & The Comets ‘Rock Around the Clock’

41. Chuck Berry ‘Johnny B. Goode’

42. Elvis Presley ‘Hound Dog’, ‘Jailhouse Rock’

43. Jerry Lee Lewis ‘Great Balls of Fire’

44. Buddy Holly ‘That’ll Be The Day’

45. The Beatles ‘Twist & Shout’, ‘Money’

32. TECHNOLOGY & PRODUCTION

33. Live recording, direct to tape

34. Loud guitars and drums.

35. Vocals overdubbed later to improve clarity.

36. Use of slap-back delay on vocals and guitars.

37. Use of echo chambers added to the backing mix.

38. Use of overdriven valve amplifiers (hinting at distorted sound of rock guitar that would soon become popular).

Music Knowledge Organiser Year 8: Rock and Roll

KEY VOCABULARY - INSTRUMENTATION Learn the spelling of key words by using the look, cover, write, check method.

BLUES NOTES CALL AND RESPONSE WALKING BASS SYNCOPATION 12 BAR BLUES CHORD PROGRESSION

VERSE CHORUS STRUCTURE AAB CIVIL RIGHTS ELVIS PRESLEY CHUCK BERRY BUDDY HOLLY

KEYFACTS

Copy the following into your book- Give a brief description of Civil rights in the 1950s and 1960s. What were the lyrics of songs usually about? What was the main type of instrumentation used in music of this time? Research and explain what is meant by the term pitch bend.

SYMBOLS Find Your Own

Complete the chord progression of the 12 Bar Blues. Give three of your own examples Rock and Roll

performers.

Listening Tasks

What were the difference between Rock and Roll of 50s and Rock and Roll of the 50s?

I I IV I

I

Notation

Notate this dotted rhythm in your book, can you make your own.

Music Knowledge Organiser

Year 8: Rock and Roll

KEY VOCABULARY - INSTRUMENTATION

Learn the spelling of key words by using the look, cover, write, check method.

BLUES NOTES CALL AND RESPONSE WALKING BASS SYNCOPATION 12 BAR BLUES CHORD PROGRESSION

VERSE CHORUS STRUCTURE AAB CIVIL RIGHTS ELVIS PRESLEY CHUCK BERRY BUDDY HOLLY

KEYFACTS

Copy the following into your book-

Give a brief description of Civil rights in the 1950s and 1960s.

What were the lyrics of songs usually about?

What was the main type of instrumentation used in music of this time?

Research and explain what is meant by the term pitch bend.

SYMBOLS Find Your Own

Complete the chord progression of the 12 Bar Blues.

Give three of your own

examples Rock and Roll

performers.

Listening Tasks

What were the difference between Rock and Roll of 50s and Rock and Roll of the 50s?

I I

IV I

I

Notation

Notate this dotted rhythm in your book, can

you make your own.

Core PE Badminton

Badminton Rules

FACT - You can play

Singles or Doubles in

Badminton

KEY TERMS

Shuttlecock SMASH

Doubles ODD/EVEN

Racket Court

Single serve (servers score is EVEN)

Double serve (servers score in EVEN)

Single serve (servers score is ODD)

Double Serve (servers score is ODD)

Singles normal play (after the serve)

Doubles normal play (after the serve)

If you have an EVEN score you serve from the RIGHT and if you have an ODD score you serve from the LEFT

Core PE BADMINTON

Questions ** = Extension question

1. List some of the Key Terms in Badminton

2. What side do you serve from when the servers score is ODD?

3. What side do you serve from when the servers score is EVEN?

4. What happens if a players or their racket touches the NET?

5. How many people can play Badminton? Explain your answer!

6. What happens when you win a point? Explain your answer?

7. What direction does the server have to serve?

8. How many points do you need to win a game?

9. How many games to you have to play?

10. What is the definition of Agility? When might agility be needed within a Badminton match?

11. Name two types of shot that can be played in Badminton?

12. Where should you stand on the court after each shot?

13. Can you explain the different court markings for a singles game and a doubles game of Badminton?

Ok with it Confident Unsure

Core PE Fitness

Health

Health can be defined as 'complete physical, mental and

social well being and not only the absence of illness or

infirmity'.

Fitness

Fitness can be defined as 'the ability to meet the demands of the

environment' and relates to how physically demanding life is.

Circuit training

This involves a series of exercises, known as stations, being performed one

after the other. It involves 8-10 stations. When planning a circuit it is important

to vary the muscle group you work.

40 seconds with 20 seconds rest.

Complete 2-4 laps

1. Squats

2. Press ups

3. Plank

4. Star jumps

5. Lunges

6. Plank press

7. Skipping

8. Mountain climbers

Interval training

Involves periods of exercise or work followed by periods of rest (intervals). It is effective

at improving cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance, speed and recovery time.

HIIT = High Intensity Interval Training (rest in between sets)

Most effective workout for burning calories and improving fitness.

Fartlek training

SAQ training

Rate each activity

Fartlek is a Swedish word for SPEED TRAINING and is

useful for sports such as football and basketball.

It is done over many intensities and over various terrains

(look up the two words highlighted above)

It can develop cardiovascular fitness and speed.

SAQ = Speed - Agility - Quickness

Helps develop attributes for different sports such as football, basketball, netball

and rugby.

High Intensity (30 seconds)

● Sprinting

● Burpees

● Mountain Climbers

● Jumping squats

● Walking lunges

E.g.

Medium Intensity (60-90 seconds)

● Jogging

● Walking

● Squats

● Lunges

Max Heart Rate (MHR) =

220 - age

A balanced healthy diet +

exercise = fat loss/muscle gain.

MUGA

KEY

Fast walk =

Jogging =

Sprint =

Equipment needed

● Hurdles

● Ladders

● Cones

● Poles

Key words: Health, fitness, SAQ training, fartlek training, interval training, max heart rate, balanced diet, fat loss, muscle gain, fitness, high intensity, medium intensity.

Core PE

Fitness

Questions

1.What is health defined as?

2.What is fitness defined as?

3.How can leading an active and healthy lifestyle help you?

4. Describe the different aspects of circuit training.

5. In your reflection log design your own circuit (try to explain what each station is training e.g. sit ups = abs)

6. Describe the different aspects of interval training.

7. In your reflection log design your own interval training session (try to explain why you have chosen those activities)

8. Give me three key points for FARTLEK training.

9. Can you write the correct technique for each station ?

E.g: ‘’Squats you need to have heels on floor and 90 degree angle when going down’’

10. Design your own Fartlek training circuit. What effect will each speed have on your body system.

11. Why will SAQ benefit the four different types of sports on the previous page.

12. Design your own SAQ course and label each section like the one on the previous page.

13. Explain which type of training would you choose to help you get fitter? Why will it help you? How will it give you

an advantage in sport?

Year 8 Food – Knowledge Organiser 2.1 Nutrients

What are Nutrients? Nutrients are the building blocks that make up food and have specific and important roles to play in the body. Some nutrients provide energy while others are essential for growth and maintenance of the body.

Macro Nutrient Role in the body Food Example

Carbohydrate The main source of energy for the body.

Bread, rice, pasta,

potatoes

Protein Provides the body with growth and repair.

Meat, poultry, beans, eggs, lentils, tofu, fish

Fat Provides the body with insulation and a small amount protects vital

organs. Provides essential fatty

acids for the body.

Butter, oil, cheese, cream, nuts, oily fish, crisps

Vitamin Role in the body Food examples

A Helps to keep the eyes healthy and strengthen the immune system.

Dark green leafy vegetables, carrots, liver

B Helps to release the energy from the food we eat.

Bread, milk, cereals, fish, meat

C Help with skin healing and healthy skin. Help with the absorption of Iron.

Fresh fruit, broccoli, tomatoes

D Important for absorbing calcium and help with healthy bone structure.

Oily fish, eggs, butter, Action of sunlight on the skin. (Sunshine)

Vitamins -Help to keep our immune system up and help our body to stay healthy – they are important for body maintenance.

Mineral Role in the body Food Examples

Calcium Important for strong teeth and bones. It also helps with blood clotting.

Milk, yoghurt, soya, dark green leafy vegetables

Iron Needed for red blood cells which help to transport oxygen around the body.

Nuts, whole grains, dark green leafy vegetables, meat, liver

Minerals- Help to keep our immune system high and help our body to stay healthy. Vitamins and minerals are Micronutrients.

Wider thinking / further reading: www.foodafactoflife.org.uk www.grainchain.com

KEY VOCABULARY/ TERMS

Learn the spelling of each word and look up any you do not know.

Nutrient Micronutrient Macronutrient Vitamin

Mineral Protein Carbohydrate Fat

Calcium Iron Energy Obesity

Use the information to answer the questions in your reflection log.

Use full sentences.

1. What are nutrients?

2. What is the role of carbohydrate in the body?

3. What food provide the body with carbohydrate?

4. What is the role of protein in the diet?

5. What foods provide protein?

6. What nutrient provides essential fatty acids to the body?

7. What nutrient is provided by butter, oil, cheese, cream, nuts, oily fish and crisps?

8. Which mineral is needed for red blood cells and helps transport oxygen around the body.

9. Which vitamin can the body get from the action of sunlight on the skin?

10. What foods need to be eaten to get vitamin C?

Year 8 Food Knowledge Organiser

Wider thinking / further reading: www.foodafactoflife.org.uk www.grainchain.com

ARTIST INFORMATION

Design and Technology Knowledge Organiser Year 8 : Term 2.1

Environmental sustainability in design

What is Environmental sustainability in design? Environmental sustainability in design is the process where designers and manufacturers consider the environmental impact of the products they create and produce. Designers consider the 6 R’s when considering the impact of their products.

6 R’s • Reuse • Recycle • Rethink • Reduce • Refuse • Repair

The flat pack idea A flat pack product involves the consumer assembling the product they have bought themselves by following instructions. This process is very popular in furniture and lighting. This idea saves the manufacture time, reduces product miles and carbon footprints because the packaging is smaller and can be a cheaper option for the consumer.

KEY VOCABULARY

Prototype, Product Miles, Sustainability

Prototyping

A prototype is an early sample or model built to test a concept of a design idea in order to find areas of improvement. We are prototyping our product to check that the size, function and safety features are correct.

Prototyping materials There are many materials you can use to prototype your product. They all have two things in common, they are cheap and easy to use. Examples of prototyping materials are: • Cardboards • Styrofoam • Balsa wood • Polymorph The material we will use is a cardboard called Grey board because it is: • Cheap • Easy to laser cut • Relatively thick and strong

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

Competence - How you complete and improve your work using the project activities.

Technical ability – How yow have used your CAD skill accurately to create a successful working pendant.

Product Miles Product miles in design and manufacture is the total distance a product takes from its place of manufacture to the place where it is bought by a consumer.

Carbon Footprint The carbon footprint of a product is measured on the amount of carbon dioxide released in the manufacture and transport of a particular product.

ARTIST INFORMATION

Design and Technology Knowledge Organiser Year 8 : Term 2.1

What are the 6 R’s

• • • • • •

Why is using a flat pack structure in our product good for the environment? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Give two reasons why you will make a full size prototype your product. •

•

Write the definitions for the Key vocabulary words

•

•

•

Which one of the 6 R’s is the most important and why? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Sustainability

What do these symbols represent?

Textiles Knowledge Organiser 2.1 Year 8 – Tie dye cushion project

Tie Dye

Inspirational theme: Mexican Day of the Dead

The Day of the Dead is not Halloween. The Day of the Dead and Halloween are celebrated at

the same time of year, but they are very different.

The Day of the Dead is celebrated on November 1st and 2nd.

The Day of the Dead is not a sad tradition. It is a festive time to remember and honour family

and friends who have died.

The Day of the Dead is a Mexican celebration. The Day of the Dead originated in Mexico. It is

also celebrated in parts of Latin America and the United States.

As a part of the Day of the Dead celebration, families build altars in their homes for loved ones

who have died.

Day of the Dead altars have many traditional elements. A few the essential elements

are candles, marigolds, a photo, sugar skulls, water, food and cut paper decorations.

Brightly coloured skulls are used to decorate Day of the Dead altars. They are made of sugar or

pottery.

The Day of the Dead is sometimes celebrated in graveyards. In some areas, families decorate

the graves of their loved ones. They stay up all night celebrating and telling stories about the

people who have died.

KEY VOCABULARY/ TERMS

Learn the spelling of each word and look up any you do not know.

Transfer paint – a special paint that is used to paint a design onto paper and then transferred onto fabric using the heat press.

Tie dye – fabric is tied up using elastic bands and then placed in a bucket of dye. When untied it will have produced a pattern.

Cotton – a natural fibre grown on a cotton plant is woven to produce cotton fabric. It absorbs dye very well.

Resist pattern – patterns that are created using a barrier such as elastic bands or wax to form a shield from the dye.

Heat press – used instead of an iron to transfer the design from paper to fabric.

Polyester – a synthetic (manmade) fabric that is used for transfer printing. Produces bright colours when used for transfer printing.

Textiles Knowledge Organiser 2.1 Year 8 – Tie dye cushion project

Name the four patterns of tie dye

List some interesting facts about the Mexican

Day of the Dead Festival.

KEY VOCABULARY/ TERMS Explain the definition.

Learn the spelling of each word and look up any you do not know.

Transfer paint

Tie dye

Cotton

Resist pattern

Heat press

Polyester

c