Knowlage Management System 2017 slides

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

Presented ByTaimoor KhaqanSuperior university Okara

contents• Data, Information & Knowledge

• Knowledge Hierarchy

• Types of Knowledge

• What Is Knowledge Management

• Why KM

• History of KM

• KM Models

• KM life cycle

Knowledge Management 2

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• Characteristics of KM in Libraries

• Terms Used in KM


Data, Information & Knowledge


Knowledge Hierarchy


Explicit/ Tacit Knowledge-Types• Tacit knowledge: That type of knowledge which

people carry in their mind, and is, therefore, difficult to access.

• Explicit knowledge: That type of knowledge which has been or can be articulated, codified, and stored in certain media.


FeaturesExplicit Knowledge

Tacit Knowledge

Tangible IntangiblePhysical objects, e.g. in documents or databases

Mental objects, i.e. it's in people's head's

Context independent Context affects meaningEasily shared Sharing involves learningReproducible Not identically replicated


What Is Knowledge Management

• Knowledge Management is the collection of processes that govern the creation, dissemination, and utilization of knowledge.


Why KM• To share the knowledge, a company creates

exponential benefits from the knowledge as people learn from it.

• To build better sensitivity to “brain drain”

• To reacting to new business opportunities


History Of KM


In 70’S A number of management theorists have

contributed to the evaluation of KM.

• Peter Drucker: Information and knowledge as organizational resources

• Peter Senge: "learning organization"

• Chaparral Steel: A company having knowledge management strategy


In 80’s• Knowledge as a competitive asset was apparent.

• Managing knowledge that relied on work done in artificial intelligence and expert systems.

• Knowledge management-related articles began appearing in journals and books .


In 90’s Until Now• A number of management consulting firms had

begun in-house knowledge management programs. E.g. ADAM’s Model

• Knowledge management was introduced in the popular press.

• The International Knowledge Management Network(IKMN) went online in 1994.


KM ModelsThere are some KM Models:

• Nonaka/Takeuchi Knowledge Spiral (1995)

• ADAM’s Model (2000-01)

• The Choo Sense-making KM Model (1998)

• WIIG KM Model


Nonaka/Takeuchi knowledge spiral (1995)


ADAM’s Model (2000-01)


The Choo Sense-making KM Model (1998)


WIIG’s KM Model


Knowledge Form by WIIG Model•Public Knowledge•Sharing Knowledge•Personal Knowledge


CONTINUE…• The knowledge which is explicit and can be

learned and shared, called Public Knowledge.

• The knowledge which is an intellectual assets and held exclusively by employees and shared during work or embedded in technologies, called Sharing Knowledge.

• The knowledge which is the least accessible, but the most complete form of knowledge. It’s usually tacit and used without knowing, called Personal Knowledge.


Knowledge Types by WIIG Model• Factual Knowledge• Conceptual Knowledge• Expectational Knowledge• Methodological Knowledge


Continue…• That type of knowledge which deals with data and

measurements, and directly observable and verifiable, called Factual Knowledge.

• That type of knowledge which deals with systems, concepts and perspectives, called Conceptual Knowledge.

• That type of knowledge which deals with hypothesis, judgments and expectations held by knowers, called Expectational Knowledge.


Continue…• That type of knowledge which deals with

reasoning, strategies and decision making methods, called Methodological Knowledge.


KM Life Cycle


Continue…• Information Mapping: ( To categorize the

knowledge assest) Information mapping is a process by which organizations can identify and categories knowledge assets within their organization.

• Information Storaging: Information storing that contains knowledge repositories such as databases, data warehouses, and information centers and indicates electronic environment of organizational memory.


continues…• Information Retrieving: In this stage, knowledge is

stored and retrieved via information retrieval systems.


Knowledge UsingOrganizations use knowledge for three reasons:

• Knowledge can be used for determining organization’s work processes and making strategies for sustainable competitive advantage.

• Knowledge can be used for designing and marketing product.

• Knowledge plays a critical role of organization’s services quality


Knowledge Auditing• Knowledge auditing means what amount of

knowledge can be used in organization’s products, services and processes.


Characteristics of KM in LibrariesThe characteristics of KM in libraries are:

• Human Resource Management Is the Core of Knowledge Management in Libraries.

• The Objective of Knowledge Management in Libraries is to Promote Knowledge Innovation.

• Information Technology Is a Tool for Knowledge Management in Libraries.

• The knowledge acquired must be accumulated and converged into knowledge warehouses of libraries.


Terms Used in KMThere are some terms used in KM:

• Knowledge architect

• Knowledge assets

• Knowledge bridge

• Knowledge Workers

• Knowledge Economy


Knowledge architect• Knowledge architect is the staff member who

oversees the definitions of knowledge and intellectual processes and then identifies the technological and human resources required to create, capture, organize, access and use knowledge assets.


Knowledge assets• Knowledge assets, also called intellectual

capital, are the human, structural and recorded resources available to the organization. Assets reside within the minds of members, customers, and colleagues and also include physical structures and recorded media.


Knowledge bridge• Knowledge bridge is the connection that a KM

expert builds between the business processes and the technological, sociological, personal, financial, sales, creative, and customer oriented functions of the organization.


Knowledge Workers• Employees and managers who contribute

significantly to the intellectual capital of the company are called knowledge workers.


Knowledge Economy• The knowledge economy is a term that refers

either to an economy of knowledge focused on the production and management of knowledge in the frame of economic constraints, or to a knowledge-based economy.


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