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KNOW-BLADE task-4 report: Navier-Stokes aeroelasticity

Politis, E.S.; Nikolaou, I.G.; Chaviaropoulos, P.K.; Bertagnolio, F.; Sørensen, Niels N.; Johansen, Jeppe

Publication date:2004

Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of record

Link back to DTU Orbit

Citation (APA):Politis, E. S., Nikolaou, I. G., Chaviaropoulos, P. K., Bertagnolio, F., Sørensen, N. N., & Johansen, J. (2004).KNOW-BLADE task-4 report: Navier-Stokes aeroelasticity. Denmark. Forskningscenter Risoe. Risoe-R, No.1492(EN)

https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/49ec82f4-8211-4796-9d99-f35b00b5d144

Risø-R-1492(EN)

KNOW-BLADE Task-4 report; Navier-Stokes Aeroelasticity

E.S. Politis*, I.G. Nikolaou*, P.K. Chaviaropoulos*,

F. Bertagnolio¤, N.N. Sørensen¤ and J. Johansen¤

* Center for Renewable Energy Sources, CRES, EL-19009 Pikermi Attiki, Greece ¤ Wind Energy Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark

Risø National LaboratoryRoskildeDenmark

January 2005

Author: E.S. Politis, I.G. Nikolaou, P.K. Chaviaropoulos, F. Bertagnolio, N.N. Sørensen and J. Johansen Title: KNOW-BLADE Task-4 report; Navier-Stokes Aeroelasticity Department: Wind Energy Department

Risø-R-1492(EN) January 2005

ISSN 0106-2840 ISBN 87-550-3395-4

Contract no.: ENK6-CT-2001-00503

Group's own reg. no.: 1110033-00

Sponsorship:

Cover :

Pages: 32 Tables: 3 References: 28

Abstract (max. 2000 char.): The problem of the aeroelastic stability of wind turbine blades is addressed in this report by advancing the aerodynamic modelling in the beam element type codes from the engineering-type empirical models to unsteady, 2D or 3D, Navier-Stokes solvers. In this project, structural models for the full wind turbine blade have been combined with 2D and 3D unsteady Navier-Stokes solvers. The relative disadvantage of the quasi-3D approach (where the elastic solver is coupled with a 2D Navier-Stokes solver) is its inability to model induced flow. The lack of a validation test case did not allow for quantitative comparisons with experimental data to be carried out; instead the results of the advanced aeroelastic tools are qualitatively cross-compared. All investigated methods predicted qualitatively similar results. They all resulted in positive aerodynamic damping values for the flap mode, in a decrease in damping with the increase of wind speeds and in a minimum value for the damping for wind speed around 15~m/s. The eigenvalue analyses resulted in steeper distributions for this mode. The agreement in aerodynamic damping decrease with the increase of wind speed is also observed in the distributions for the lead-lag mode. In perspective, the uncoupled, linear method results in higher values of aerodynamic damping compared to the 3D aeroelastic tool. The quasi-3D tool results in lower aerodynamic damping values in the higher wind speeds and in lower damping values in the lower wind speed regime. Apart from the computations for the full blade, 2D computations for the so-called “typical section” have been carried out. The 2D aeroelastic tools resulted in similar aerodynamic damping values. Qualitative agreement was better for the lead-lag mode. The presence of roughness tapes has a small, rather negligible impact on aeroelastic stability as depicted by the results of both aeroelastic tools. On the other hand, in conformity to the inability of the adopted computational model to successfully predict the corresponding test cases under work package 2 of the project, the aeroelastic tools are not capable to predict the correct physical trends when the blade is equipped with stall strips. The resulting decrease in damping in the computations by both tools is not in accordance with experience.

Risø National Laboratory Information Service Department P.O.Box 49 DK-4000 Roskilde Denmark Telephone +45 46774004 [email protected] +45 46774013 www.risoe.dk

mailto:[email protected]

www.risoe.dk

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1.4

1.6

0 5 10 15 20 25

Lift

Coef

ficie

nt


10m/s12m/s14m/s16m/s18m/s20m/s

2D Steady 0.000

0.020

0.040

0.060

0.080

0.100

0.120

0.140

0.160

0.180

0.200

0 5 10 15 20 25

Drag

Coe

ffici

ent


* 3 >0 0 'N' $ ' 0 0 E < $ ?886 '

+I

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

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Time [sec]

TC3D-1, Section C

RISOE (3D)CRES (Q3D)CRES (BEM)

-0.10

-0.08

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]

TC3D-1, Section C

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

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Time [sec]

TC3D-3, Section C


-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]

TC3D-3, Section C

-0.40

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

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Time [sec]

TC3D-5, Section C


-0.60

-0.40

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]

TC3D-5, Section C

* 7 $< 0 -< ' 06 #' ' 4 6 ,$ U∞ = +) 6O 6 U∞ = +* 6O6 U∞ = +I 6O

-20.0

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

RISOE 3DCRES Q3D

RISOE UncoupledCRES EGV Unsteady

CRES EGV Steady

-8.0

-6.0

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

* : 56' 6$ 0 D F$ 0 - 6 0 06 #' ' 4 6 < # '$ 6

+;

() *

,0'0% 27(7 8 3 / 4

* I 6 0 F$< -< ' $ ' 0 , 6 $ # 0886 <86 ' K '6 < <86 '$ 0 $./ 6 '6$$ 0 #< E' < < $$' ' ' 0 6 $ ? 0 6 # E' / 6 & 06 6 $ 0 #< <86 ' ' '#86 F< E' ' '6 < ' !6 ' F< 6 0 '! 'B$' 0 6 < $ < '6$ 0886 * I '' 0 < $ < $ 0 6 < 0 DK 86 '$ +* 6O< <86 +3 6O # E' 6$ 0?'0 , ?# 6 < 86 <86 K $ F$< ' '' < -< ' $' 0 * ; 6' '6 '$ $

6 '6$ 0 6' '6 < D# $ #DK $# # 0 F$< 6 J # # 0 -< 6 5 ' 6$ < ' < $ # < B'$ 0 () 6O0 <86 , 86 6 '## $' 0 - 6 6 6 0 F$ 6 6 86 E' QJM F<

,0'0# 3 / 4

* +) # 6 0 F$< -<' ' 0 $ , 6 $ # ' 0 1$' '2 ' # $# E' < < $' ' ' 0 6 $ E' '6 / 6 ' '$ '6 * ++ 6' '6 '$ $ F$ 6 $# #0 6' 6$ 6 < < $ < '$ 6 0 0 'N' $ <' < $' 6 6 ' 6'6$ < ' < $ < $ 666# +3 6O 6 5 0 06 E' < $ # E 8 $ - 6 # E < $ 0 # <' < $' < 6 # 6''6 # 6 B6 < 6'6$ #

()

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

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Time [sec]

RISO Results (Clean Airfoil)

3D2D

-0.07

-0.06

-0.05

-0.04

-0.03

-0.02

-0.01

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]


0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

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Time [sec]


3D2D

-0.10

-0.08

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]


0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

wis

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Time [sec]


3D2D

-0.12

-0.10

-0.08

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]


* I $< 0 -< ' 06 8 <86 ' ,$ U∞ = +) 6O 6U∞ = +* 6O ./ +3 6O (/ 6 U∞ = () 6O

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

3D2D

-3.0

-2.5

-2.0

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

* ; 56' 6$ 0 D F$ 0 - 6 0 06 8 <86 '

(+

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

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Time [sec]

TC2D-11

RISOECRES

-0.07

-0.06

-0.05

-0.04

-0.03

-0.02

-0.01

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]

TC2D-11

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

wis

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Time [sec]

TC2D-12

RISOECRES

-0.10

-0.08

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]

TC2D-12

-0.10 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

wis

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Time [sec]

TC2D-13

RISOECRES

-0.12

-0.10

-0.08

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Y/C

]

Time [sec]

TC2D-13

* +) $< 0 -< ' 06 <86 ' ,$ U∞ = +) 6O 6 U∞ =+3 6O 6 U∞ = () 6O

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

RISOECRES

-3.0

-1.0

1.0

3.0

5.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

* ++ 56' 6$ 0 D F$ 0 - 6 0 06 <86 '

((

() * /$)) &

* +( * +* # 6 0 F$< -< ' ' 0 $ 0 ?$$< $ $ $'# ! 0 '6$ '$ $ 0 ' 'D ' ,'$ 6' 6$ $ * +. * +3 0 $'# 6 '6$ 0 6' 6$

< 0 ' $ 'D # 6 E' # 0 6 ' , E' $ < $ # ' E' 6' '6 6' 6 $' 0 $ E' $ 6' 6$ # < F' E' # '$ 0 ' 'D * +7 * ++

& $ $' 0 $ ' E 06 '$ $ 0 ' 'D $ $$ $ F' ' 0 1$' '2 B6 0 6' 6$ $' < # $' < 6$ # 0 $'D '6$ ' 'D # < $ ,# $$ B$'K $ ' $ 0' $< 6 0 $$' < , 0 '$ '' $' $ ' ''' 0 $ '6$ 6 0 $ ''0$' '$ ' <! $'! ( 0 $@' G+.H 5$ 06 6 < E' $$ < < $' * +: , # < < $ < 6 0 # 0 6 < $ # & ' 0 < $ # +3 6O 6 6' 6$ #

(.

-0.20 -0.10 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

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Time [sec]

RISOE (Wind Velocity 10 m/s)

TC2D-11TC2D-21TC2D-31

-0.07

-0.06

-0.05

-0.04

-0.03

-0.02

-0.01

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Z/C

]

Time [sec]



0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

wis

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Time [sec]



-0.10

-0.08

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Z/C

]

Time [sec]



0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

wis

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Time [sec]



-0.16 -0.14 -0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Z/C

]

Time [sec]



* +( $< 0 -< ' < <6' '' 06 <86 ' ,$U∞ = +) 6O 6 U∞ = +3 6O 6 U∞ = () 6O

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

CleanStall Strips

Roughness Tapes

-4.0

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

* +. 56' 6$ 0 D F$ 0 - 6 0 < < 6' '' 06 <86'

(*

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

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Time [sec]

CRES (Wind Velocity 10 m/s)


-0.05

-0.04

-0.03

-0.02

-0.01

0.00

0.01

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Z/C

]

Time [sec]


0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

wis

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Time [sec]



-0.08

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Z/C

]

Time [sec]


-0.10

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Flap

wis

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n [Z

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Time [sec]



-0.07

-0.06

-0.05

-0.04

-0.03

-0.02

-0.01

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Lead

-lagw

ise

Tran

slat

ion

[Z/C

]

Time [sec]


* +* $< 0 -< ' < <6' '' 06 <86 ' ,$U∞ = +) 6O 6 U∞ = +3 6O 6 U∞ = () 6O

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

CleanStall Strips

Roughness Tapes -5.0

-3.0

-1.0

1.0

3.0

5.0

7.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

* +3 56' 6$ 0 D F$ 0 - 6 0 < < 6' '' 06 <86'

(3

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

RISOECRES

-5.0

-3.0

-1.0

1.0

3.0

5.0

7.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

* +7 56' 6$ 0 D F$ 0 - 6 0 $' 0 $

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

RISOECRES

-5.0

-3.0

-1.0

1.0

3.0

5.0

7.0

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

Lo

gar

ith

mic

Dec

rem

ent

[%]

Wind Speed [m/s]

* +: 56' 6$ 0 D F$ 0 - 6 0 $' 0 $

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

0 5 10 15 20 25

Lift

Coef

ficie

nt

Incidence Angle [deg]

10 m/s15 m/s20 m/s

2D Steady 0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

0 5 10 15 20 25

Lift

Coef

ficie

nt

Incidence Angle [deg]

10 m/s15 m/s20 m/s

2D Steady

* +I >0 'N' $ ' 0 E < $ < < $

(7

, $6 0 ' 0 < $ #' 6' 6 6 6 $ ' 06 8$ 6$' 6 & ->6 <8 86 #-! # , 8088 6' 6 66 $ ' 0 $ $@' < '' 0 8$6' 6 < 0 #-! # < ' <86 ' #$ 0 8' 1$' '2 $@' ' 6 0 0 < # '6 < <86 86 #-! # , # #8 0 ?886 $$' < ' # '$ < <86 #-! # 6 ' F< , '! 0 #8 ' < 0 ?# '6$ < B$6 'K 0 #' ' ?# '8'6$

5 # 0 B 8$ 6' 6 6$ '6$ 6' 6$ 0 < #' ' < 86' 6$ 0 6 6 < 6' 6 6' 6$ 0 < #8$ '$ 6 < 6 6' 6$ # '6$ 6' 0' $ $' 6 06 0 ' <' 6 #' ' 6 5 $$' # 6 0 ? 0 6 #-! $6' 6 0 # < D 6' $ 0 66 'N' & '6$ 0 0 < 0< $ '# $ 0 < < $ 0 ?# '6$ < 8$ 6 #' '' < 6$

5 6 $' ?# 6 , $# 86' 6$ # 0 F$ 6 ' 6$ < ' 0< $ 666 # 0 6$ 0 < $ +3 6O ,# $ 0 6 ?8 86' $$B6 # # $$ , 6 6' 6$' < ' 0 < $ # 0 -6 ' # # $$ 0 < 0 < $ B6 5 0 # '$ $$'# '$ 6 # 0 6' 6$ '6$ 86 ' , ?886 < 8

(:

6' 6$ # < $ < 6$ # << $ 6 5$ 06 '6$ 0 0 <86 '6$ 0 8

' 1$' '2 # ' , ## 0 0 '6$ 0' '6$ 86 '$ < 0 ''8 < 0 <86 $# 60 6$ ''' 0 < # 0 6$ '8'' 0 ?$$ < $ $ , <86' 6 6' 6$ # $# 0 F$ J # 0 < $ 0 - 6 9# 6 < 0 - 6 , $' 0 $ 6 6$' ' $' 0 ' & '06 0 $ '6$ 6 ''0$' '$ ' <! $'! ( 0 $@' G+.H ' '$ $' '' $' < ?$$ < $ , ' 6$ '6$ ''' < B$'

(I

G+H 4' 5 +;;( ./ - 5 06 0 /#$6 0 4'! /# ,'' $ 54 ;(8)3 ,'' C# 0 /6!

G(H 4' 5 +;;* '! ' 4 0 (/ ./ $' /M,'' $ 54 ;*8)7 ,'' C# 0 /6!

G.H +;;3 $ < # 5$$ < # L ,''$ --I(: > ! /6!

G*H 4 < A > +;I. 16' 0 , < 50 < , $2 + &&& $$ +3(3-+3.(

G3H +;I7 1 0 6$' /'J < ? &$$2 + ! # 4 $$ *)-73

G7H R A A L6! 5 +;;+ 15 6' 0 >68 ;)-/ /' < < /E /'J '62 & + ,- $$ 37.-37I

G:H 4 +;;. 1S ,<-? ,' 4 0 56' <2555 $ ;.-(;)7

GIH / +;I( 15 5 >- 6 4 0 ,8 -' '2 ! #- &!! # $$ 7I;-:(.

G;H J L T 4 +;;7 ! #- ,- #.$-%

G+)H ! % $ / +;:( 15 ' ' 0 L 4 466 ,0 ,-/6 ' <2 + / 0 " # $$ +:I:-+I)7

G++H #$ " ())+ 1$O>-> 5' 0 A ,2 + 1- !* $$ +I.-())

G+(H #$ " +;;; 1$O>-> 5' 0 A , '2 + 1- ( $$ ;;-++(

G+.H S " ! #$ " ! ())* "&A->5/ ,!-( $K56' 5'' ,'' $ --+*I( >! /6!

(;

G+*H " > 4 +;;7 1L L 06'6$ 4 0 0 %' 5' $ 62 , &,$ % ,% C# .-3 $$ +3;-+I:

G+3H $ ())+ 1 ' 0 , 0$ 5' 6 8 ,0 5 ,8/65$$'2 ! #- &!! # 5 $$ .+*:-.+:)

G+7H L 4 4' ()). 15' 68 0 A , 50 $ / 6 6 42 23 ! 1- 0 4# 4 $ +7-+;

G+:H 6 A +;I+ 15 B$6 # 0 E' 0 5'$ 56'' 0 L L'$2 + &/! 4+ $$ *7-3*

G+IH 4' 4 +;I; $-> / 0 6-' L < ,'' $ 55-,4-+)(+I; 56 ' 4E 5

G+;H 4 , L $ / > >6 A +;;3 16 # 0 L8 5' , / 2 & /! ( & , A ,U $$ ++:7-++;

G()H &6 5 6 A +;:3 15 0 ' $-> 0 L 2 + & /! + $$ ()-.)

G(+H #$ " ! 5 " 5 L 4 & > 4' L6 , # L! L' " % ,J # R /6 S ()). 1%' 5' E' A , , %> $@' ./ #8! 62 + 1- 4* $$ .73-.I3

G((H #$ " L 4 & > ! 5 " 5 4' L6 , # L! L' " % ,J # R /6 S ()). 1%' 5' E' A , , %> @' 5' #2 + 1- 4* $$ .I:-*).

G(.H #$ " ())( A! '! * , /D,'' $ "&A->5/ @' 0 < '5 ())(

G(*H 6 A 4 +;;7 1, 5 0 /6$ D' 6$ 6 < /6$ >2 # $$ 3*)-33)

G(3H L 4 L 4 4 L 5 ()). 5 8>6 ,$/6' 4 8$' ' 6 ,'' $ --+.3* >

G(7H / +;I; 1/E ? 4 0 /6' 2 ## &!5 # $$ 3;-:(

.)

G(:H L +;;: 1/6' 4 6 2 6# & 5! 1- " &- ' ,

G(IH ())* 150 '' 06 ./ / 6$2 + 1- $* $$ (I.-(;*

.+

Mission

To promote an innovative and environmentally sustainable technological development within the areas of energy, industrial technology and bioproduction through research, innovation and advisory services.

Vision

Risø’s research shall extend the boundaries for the understanding of nature’s processes and interactions right down to the molecular nanoscale.

The results obtained shall set new trends for the development of sustainable technologies within the fields of energy, industrial technology and biotechnology.

The efforts made shall benefit Danish society and lead to the development of new multi-billion industries.

www.risoe.dk

KNOW-BLADE Task-4 report; Navier-Stokes Aeroelasticity · Risø-R-1492(EN) KNOW-BLADE Task-4...

Documents

Transcript of KNOW-BLADE Task-4 report; Navier-Stokes Aeroelasticity · Risø-R-1492(EN) KNOW-BLADE Task-4...