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Klystron Modulator for Proton Driver Chris Jensen Why does Proton Driver need modulators Overview of...
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![Page 1: Klystron Modulator for Proton Driver Chris Jensen Why does Proton Driver need modulators Overview of pulse power concepts Description of three possible.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649ee85503460f94bf9dc6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Klystron Modulator for Proton Driver
Chris Jensen
• Why does Proton Driver need modulators
• Overview of pulse power concepts
• Description of three possible modulators
• Update on status of SMTF modulators
![Page 2: Klystron Modulator for Proton Driver Chris Jensen Why does Proton Driver need modulators Overview of pulse power concepts Description of three possible.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649ee85503460f94bf9dc6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Feburary 2, 2005 2
Why modulators ?• Need high power RF to
accelerate beam • Need RF amplifiers
– Klystron (e- Beam - RF Converter)– Require high voltage ( 130 kV )– Limited Spark Energy ( 20 J )
• Need Peak Power to drive klystron– Modulator converts wall power to
peak power– Klystron Efficiency is 50%– Limit average power dissipated
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Feburary 2, 2005 3
Pulse Power Concepts
• Two time regimes– Pulse Compression
• Peak vs. Average• Components Ratings
– Some need Peak
– Some need Average
– How many need both?
• Reliable Operation
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Feburary 2, 2005 4
Pulse Forming Network
• Linac is one example
• Output shaped by network
• Each capacitor section provides peak energy for fraction of pulse length
• Pulse Length is 125 us
• How can size / cost be reduced for long pulses
Klystron
PulseTransformer
Charging Supply
![Page 5: Klystron Modulator for Proton Driver Chris Jensen Why does Proton Driver need modulators Overview of pulse power concepts Description of three possible.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649ee85503460f94bf9dc6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Feburary 2, 2005 5
Pulse Forming Network
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Feburary 2, 2005 6
Pulse Switching Mode Supply
• SNS Modulator one example
• 1.3 ms, 60 Hz, 10 MW peak
• Output shaped by switching / regulating
• High voltage output needs filter and rectifier
• High Frequency / Voltage Transformer
Rectify &Filter
Main Cap Bank
Switch20kHz, 2ms
Charging SupplyCapacitor Bank
PulseTransformer
Klystron
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Feburary 2, 2005 7
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Feburary 2, 2005 8
Bouncer Modulator
• Built for Tesla Test Facility in 1994
• Output shaped by bouncer network
• Invented by Quentin Kerns
Klystron
PulseTransformer
2000 µF
Charging SupplyCapacitor Bank
Bouncer
330 µH
1400 µFMain Cap Bank
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Feburary 2, 2005 9
Bouncer Modulator
• Switch connects main capacitor bank to transformer during pulse.
• Transformer steps up voltage to 120kV/130A (12:1)
• Main capacitor bank discharges by 20% during pulse
• “Bouncer” circuit compensates for cap bank droop.
![Page 10: Klystron Modulator for Proton Driver Chris Jensen Why does Proton Driver need modulators Overview of pulse power concepts Description of three possible.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649ee85503460f94bf9dc6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Feburary 2, 2005 10
FNAL Original Modulator Circuit
Network
0.08IGBTIGBT
Pulse
1:12
160
Undershoot
Transformer
FNAL Tesla Version II ModulatorCircuit Diagram
1400 µF
Klystron
Crowbars
ZOVZOV
Protection
370 µH
50 µH
Switches - 12 Main + 3 Backup
100 µF
Clipper
Klystron
Bouncer 2000 µF
330 µH
Main Cap Bank
Capacitor BankCharging Supply
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Feburary 2, 2005 11
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Feburary 2, 2005 12
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Feburary 2, 2005 13
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Feburary 2, 2005 15
Improved Bouncer ModulatorBuilt for DESY by industry
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Feburary 2, 2005 16
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Feburary 2, 2005 17
Bouncer Modulator for SMTF
• Incorporate New Capacitor Technology– Self Healing Hazy Polypropylene
• Incoporate New Switch Technology– IGBTs have improved over 10 years
• Pulse Length increased to 4 ms (from 2ms)– Modular construction for flexibility
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Feburary 2, 2005 18
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Feburary 2, 2005 19
SMTF Modulator Status
• Pulse Transformers for SMTF on order• Main Capacitor Bank from AVX / TPC
– Volume is 20% of original film/paper
– Cost is 50% of original film/paper
• Bouncer Capacitors and Inductors out for bid– No significant change in requirements or size
– Added power saved cost incentive to inductor
• Switch is in Design Stage– SLAC collaborating with design