Safe Water Supply Plan based on Water Point Survey Data

in Jhikargachha Upazila, Jessore

Kazuyuki KawaharaMohd. Maruf Hossain

Model Building for Safe Water Supply Service by Local Government Institution (Union Parishad)

13 December, 2012

1. Purpose of Data Collection1) Background of the Project

♢ After the detection of arsenic from tube well water in Bangladesh, many community based devices were constructed to supply safe water and 30~40% of devices became inactive.

♢ Some safe water devices were not located adequately although it was constructed by official fund.

♢ To solve above problems, the project promotes Union Parishad to take responsibility of making safe water supply plan, carrying out arsenic test and supporting user committee to checkup/repair of community water sources.

2) Process of Safe Water Supply Plan

All water point hearing survey

To ensure safe water supply1.Plan2.Construction/Installation3.Maintenanceare major issues.

For safe water supply plan, the project is proceeding 1) All water point hearing survey 2) Making database 3) GIS Map 4) Priority list for suitable site of SWD 5) Selecting site for SWD construction.

1) Survey Area

Bangladesh

Jessore DistrictJhikargacha Upazila

2. All Water Points Hearing Survey

2) Survey Sheet

Sheet (1) : Private Tube Well Survey Sheet (2) : Community Based Water Device Survey

3) Parameters of Data BaseParameters MBSWSS

Data Format

UNICEF/ UK AID Data Format

Team No. √

Interviewer √

Interviewee √

SL# √Date of Installation (DD/MM/YYYY) √ √Project Code √Geo Code(YYYY/OO/WW/ZZ/TT/UU/VV/NNN)

√ √

Union √ √Ward √Village √ √Para √Land Mark √Latitude (Deg) √ √Latitude (Min) √ √

3) Parameters of Data BaseParameters MBSWSS

Data Format

UNICEF/ UK AID Data Format

Latitude (Sec) √ √Longitude (Deg) √ √Longitude (Min) √ √Longitude (Sec) √ √WPT_Depth (Meter) √ √WPT_Capacity √WPT_Source √WPT_Filtering Unit √WPT_Number of Outlet √WPT_ Reservior Type √WPT_ Catchments Area √WPT_Pipe Length (Millimeter) √WPT_ Diameter (meter) √WPT_Treatement Unit √WP Platrorm Data √

3) Parameters of Data BaseParameters MBSWSS

Data Format

UNICEF/ UK AID Data Format

Platform Diameter (if Circle) √Platform Length √Platform Width √W_Table Depth √WP_Status √ √User Committee (Y = 1, N = 2) √If Yes ( Active = 1, Inactive = 2) √SWD provider organization √WQ_Arsenic (mg/l) √Odor - 1. Yes 2. No √Turbidity - 1. Yes 2. No √Dry Season - 1. Easy 2. Hard 3. Stop √Date of Arsenic test √Arsenic - 1.Red 2.Green 3. Unknown √WQ_Arsenic (PPB) √ √

3) Parameters of Data BaseParameters MBSWSS

Data FormatUNICEF/ UK AID Data Format

WQ_Iron (mg/l) √WQ_Chloride (mg/l) √

WQ_Manganese (mg/l) √Work order No. √

Work order Date √

Date of Completion √For any problem specify? 1.Check Valve 2.Base Plate 3.Handle 4.Platform 5.Bad Water 6.Others

√

On an average how many times per year? √On an average each time how many days it was stopped?

√

Maximum case who repaired? (1.Owner 2.Neighbor 3.Local Mistry)

√

Repair Cost Taka (Average) – Material & Mistry √Present Condition √In case of inactive, what is the reason? √

3) Parameters of Data BaseParameters MBSWSS

Data FormatUNICEF/ UK AID Data Format

Nature of Usage: 1.Drinking 2.Cooking 3. Washing 4. Drinking & Cooking 5. Drinking, Cooking & Washing 6. Drinking & Washing 7. Cooking & Washing

√

Caretaker Male √ √Caretaker Female √ √

Male CT Father's/ Spouse √ √Female CT Father/Spouse √ √

Total House Hold Served √ √

Hardcore poor Household √Poor Household √

Population Served √Latrine - 1. Yes 2. No √Type of Latrine - 1.Pit(D) 2.Pit(s) 3. S.Tank 4.Compost √Available of water seal in latrine - 1. Yes 2. No √

4) Differences between 2 data formats UNICEF/UKAID data format1.Physical properties of water point (platform size, filter & reservoir type, pipe information etc. )2.Detail information of water quality [Arsenic (mg/l), Iron (mg/l), Chloride (mg/l), Manganese (mg/l) etc.] 3.Work order (Work order no., completion date, order date etc.)

MBSWSS data format1.Problems and maintenance of Water point (technical problems – check valve, washer, base plat etc. and maintenance – repairing cost, responsible person for repairing etc.)2.Purpose of water point usage (drinking, cooking, washing etc.)

Reasons of differenceOne of the objective of this project is to renovate / repair damaged safe water device. Therefore, 1.Information of technical problems – villagers generally faced2.Information about maintenance of water point3.Purposes of using water These information are necessary to collect.

5) Data Collection

Data Collector3 groups worked in every Union and every group consists of two members1 Field Worker from each Ward1 Field Facilitator (Project staff)

Accessories for Data CollectionSurvey Format SheetGPS (Global Positioning System) DeviceData Quality Check40 – 45 data were collected per day per teamData was checked by Field Coordinate (Project staff)

Data Collection Duration1st Phase – From 6th February to 21st March, 2012Average 3718 data were collected from per Union

Survey PointEvery water point of project area (STW, DTW, RWH, AIRP, PSF, DW, DWSF, Tara Pump etc.)

ProblemsTo indentify a certain place Para name is very helpful but Para

name and Para boundary are not certain.An example of unfaithful data collector.

Data collector collected many data from one local person by sitting a certain place and didn’t take GPS reading. In weekend day he only collected around 150 GPS reading. When project staff cross check between written data and GPS data then project found out this misconduct.

6) Data Input

Problems

Preparation of data input format by using MS Excel300 – 320 data were inputted per day per personMonitoring and cross check to ensure data qualityDuring data compiling, it is necessary to be careful on ‘Excel Serial no’ ‘Paste Special’ and ‘Filter’ option.Project keeps database in mother computer at project office and provides Union wise database to every Union. Union Computer Operator keeps their own Union’s database. Project updates main database and provides updated database to every Union. Project is trying to establish a system that Union and Project can update database equally.

Difficult to read unclear hand writing (Write slowly and use writing board every time)

Mixture of English & Bengali Digit (Now data collectors are using English digit only for numerical data and Bengali language for other data)

Problem arose when GPS data input manually (Now GPS data are directly collected from GPS device.)

Union Active TW Inactive TW

Total TW Arsenic (Active TW) BAMWSPArsenic %

Red Green Unknown Arsenic %(Exclude

unknown)

Magura 3,691 127 3,818 1,238 974 1,479 55.97% 65%

Jhikargachha 4,247 126 4,373 770 1,560 1,917 33.05% 34%

Panisara 3,422 70 3,492 564 1,635 1,223 25.65% 42%

Shankarpur 3,054 158 3,212 858 482 1,714 64.03% 77%

Total (4 Unions) 14,414(97%)

481(3%)

14,895(100%)

3,430(24%)

4,651(32%)

6,333(44%)

42.45%(100%)

―

All Private Tube Wells Survey (1st Phase : 4 Unions)

3. Result of Survey

All Community Based Water Supply Options Survey

(1st Phase : 4 Unions)

4. GIS Map Making1) QGIS Technology

MBSWSS project has used QGIS software for preparing GIS map because it is an open sourcing software which is available in web.

Basically three major components need to make GIS Map by using QGIS software:1.Shape file (.shp) – For area boundary that means Mouza boundary, Union boundary, Upazila boundary, District boundary, Division boundary etc.2.GPS Data – Need longitude & latitude data for exact position of point features. 3.General Data (according to the purpose) – Various information which would be display inside the map according to the purpose.

2) Training for Union Computer Operator1. Every Union has two computer operators (Digital Bangladesh

Project)2. Union computer operators are eligible for GIS map making3. Project invited IT expert from Japan and provided training to

Union Computer Operators on GIS map making.4. The training was conducted for two days and now Union

Computer Operators are able to prepare GIS map by Using QGIS software.

3) Arsenic Contamination Map

4) Safe Water Device (SWD) Location Map

5) Arsenic Contamination & SWD Location Map

6) Covered Area (150 m Buffer)

5. Priority List of SWD construction1) Workshop for Union Parishad Objective – Ward wise priority list of suitable site (Para) for SWD

construction based on arsenic contamination & safe water device location map.

Workshop– 3 Union Parishads already Conducted Participants – Union Chairman, Members, Secretary, Computer

Operator, DPHE (Sub Asst. Engineer) & MBSWSS staffs

2) Priority List Based on three major consideration: i) Percentage of Arsenic contaminated TWs

in Para ii) Household density in Para iii) Existence of another SWD in Para

Jhikargachha Union – 43 sites Magura Union – 53 sites Shankarpur Union – 45 sites

3) Site Selection Union site selection committee has power to select site for SWD

construction. Site Selection Committee – Union Chairman, 12 Union Members

and Sub Asst. Engineer of DPHE Jhikargachha Union – 5 sites were selected for SWD construction

based on priority list. 4 SWD from MBSWSS project and 1 SWD from DPHE

Priority Ward Village Para Arsenic HH SWD

1st 1 Hariadeara Molla 88% 30 0

2nd 7 Laxmipur Mazher 81% 29 0

3rd 4 & 5 Mirzapu & Kashipur

Noakhali & Poschim

39% 25 0

4th 6 Farasatpur Poschim 33% 43 0

5th 3 Shreerampur Madrasa 29% 50 0

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

5 sites for SWD construction

6. Conclusion• Digital map is very essential when Union

Parishad prepares the safe water supply plan.• Every Union has computer operator, so it is

possible for Union Parishad to make database of all water points and update it regularly.

• To ensure data quality, it is very important to monitor and cross check during data collection and inputting.

• Union Parishad has prepared priority list and selected site for SWD construction based on the digital map under this project.

Thanks to All