KIT Objectives in Fusion by 2020 Workshop on the European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and beyond April 13...
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KIT Objectives in Fusion by 2020 Workshop on the European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and beyond April 13 – 14, 2011; IPP Garching
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Transcript of KIT Objectives in Fusion by 2020 Workshop on the European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and beyond April 13...
KIT Objectives in Fusion by 2020
Workshop on the European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and beyond April 13 – 14, 2011; IPP Garching
K. Hesch, KIT2 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Objectives of the KIT Nuclear Fusion Programme
towards 2020
• Development of key technologies for fusion
• Currently three main areas:– Design, engineering, realisation and testing of components and systems for
ITER (60% - 10%)
– Long term developments in view of DEMO and Fusion Power Plant (inter alia: Broader Approach, IFMIF)(30% - 90%)
– Contributions to Wendelstein 7-X(10% - 0%)
• Staff: – 230 scientists, engineers and support staff (~ 200 ppy)– 8 KIT institutes are contributing to the KIT Fusion Programme
• Annual Budget: ~ 30 M€
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and beyond
K. Hesch, KIT3 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Challenge: FPP Preparation
• In-vessel Components– Divertor Engineering– Breeder Blanket Concepts & Engineering– High-Temperature Cooling Technology– Remote Handling
• Heating & Current Drive Systems– Advanced ECRH Sources– Advanced Transmission Components
• D-T Fuel Cycle– He-T Processing– Vacuum Pumping
• Safety & Licensing, Neutronics
• HTS Magnets
• Plant Modelling
• Materials Development & Qualification– Structural Materials– Functional Materials– IFMIF
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT4 April 13-14, IPP Garching
In-Vessel-Components: Divertor Engineering
Challenges: Engineering design compatible withPhysics requirements (operation scenario, geometry)
Heat load, plasma & neutron flux
Manufacturing possibilities
Remote handling / maintenance / plant availability
Status:European reference design:Helium Cooled Multi Jet design
Collaboration & Partners:Variation of physics concept / geometry: IPP, CCFE, CRPP, …
New engineering approaches: ENEA, …
Plasma Wall Interaction: FZJ, IPP, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
KIT
KIT
Armor (W)
Cap (W Alloy)
Cartridge(Steel)
He600°C
He700°C
K. Hesch, KIT5 April 13-14, IPP Garching
In-Vessel-Components: Breeder Blanket Concepts & Engineering
• Challenges: – Tritium self-sufficiency
– Heat supply to converter
– Neutron & heat load, operation temperature, cycling, total operation time
– Remote handling, maintenance, plant availability
– Manufacturing technology
• Status:– 2 European concepts for testing
in ITER (HCPB, HCLL)
– Further ideas: Dual Coolant, …
• Collaboration & Partners:– TBM-CA for ITER: CEA, ENEA, CIEMAT, NRI, RMKI
– Further developments: CCFE, NRG, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT6 April 13-14, IPP Garching
In-Vessel-Components: High Temperature Cooling Technology
• Challenges:– High-grade heat supply to converter (plant efficiency)
– Appropriate operation temperature in blanket & divertor
– Materials, components, temperature and pressure ranges
• Status:– High temperature He technology
– Commissioning of HELOKA
• Collaboration & Partners:– Engineering concepts , engineering
design & testing: RMKI, ENEA, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT7 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Heating & Current Drive Systems: ECRH – Advanced Sources & Transmission Lines
• Challenges:– Reliability & wall plug efficiency
– Current drive efficiency
– Counteracting plasma instabilities
– Cost efficiency by reducing unit numbers & space requirements→ High-power sources
– Avoid moving parts near the plasma → Tuneability
• Status:– 1MW cw (30 min) gyrotrons for W7-X
– 2MW cw gyrotrons for ITER(so far only short pulse)
– Tuneable multi-frequeny tubes
– Multi-frequency transmission line components
• Collaboration & Partners: CRPP, CNR, IPP, FOM, HELLAS, …Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT8 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Deuterium-Tritium Fuel Cycle:He-T-Processing, Vacuum Pumping
• Challenges:– T removal from huge He mass flows
– Pumping efficiency – plant efficiency
– Selective pumping, T-compatible fore-pumping
– Divertor pressure control
– Integral vacuum modelling
• Status: ITER Fuel Cycle– Conceptual design completed
– Eng. design of key componentscompleted
– Cryopumps with customisedpumping speed & pressure
– Bridging of Knudsen & molecular flow
• Collaboration & Partners: CEA, ENEA, ICIT, HELLAS, ….
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT9 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Safety, Licensing & Neutronics:
• Challenges:– Licensing of FPP for continuous operation– Accident scenarios, activation and inventories, mitigation scenarios– Radiation-induced materials changes– Fusion-specific design codes– Neutronics data base
• Status:– Modelling / verification / mitigation
of explosion scenarios
– Nuclear data evaluations
– Arcing scenarios
– Materials characterisation
• Collaboration & Partners: CEA, ENEA, CCFE, CRPP, ÖAW, NRG, JSI, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT10 April 13-14, IPP Garching
High Tc Superconducting Magnets:
• Challenges:– Plant efficiency / cryo power requirements
– Plant availability / reduction of complexity
– Transfer of HTS materials into reactor components
• Status: Strand and cable experiments
• Collaboration & Partners:CRPP, IPP, CEA, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT11 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Plant Modelling
• Challenges:– Predict / optimise performance / efficiency of plant
– Wide range of parameter options
– Engineering codes system complementing system codes for design support
– Provide complete set of engineering parameters as a function of basic choices (physics scenarios, reactor configuration)
• Status:– Various system codes, integrating physics aspects
– Numerous engineering models (neutronics, thermo-mechanics, electro-magnetics, fluid-dynamics, …)
• Collaboration & Partners: CCFE, IPP, FZJ, ENEA, CEA, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT12 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Materials Development & Qualification
• Challenges:– Structural materials for high and very high temperature operation under
extreme neutron loads
– Functional materials for tritium breeding & First Wall
– Qualification & licensing: IFMIF
• Status:– EUROFER characterised for
high temperature applications;irradiation & neutron load qualification incomplete
– Refractory alloys being characterised;irradiation behaviour & qualification missing
– Functional materials under optimisation
– IFMIF – EVEDA in Broader Approach
• Collaboration & Partners: CEA, CRPP, CIEMAT, ENEA, SCK-CEN, NRG, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT13 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Conclusion
• Multitude of challenges
• Transform approaches into solutions
• In a well-coordinated European programme
• Responsibility of the Commission
• Role of EFDA
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
