Kit li-ion battery research – thermal propagation · KIT – The Research University in the...

KIT – The Research University in the Helmholtz Association

JCR Exploratory Research Workshop 8th/9th March, 2018

www.kit.edu

KIT Li-Ion Battery Research – Thermal propagation Nicolaus Lemmertz

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Content

Li-Ion battery research @ KIT Cell assembly and artificial defects Tests of mobile and stationary Li-Ion systems Contribution to commitees Thermal propagation: Current activities

Nicolaus Lemmertz 08./09.03.2018

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System competence along the value chain @ KIT


Material Cell Battery System Integration

- High-energy materials - Compact cell designs - Battery Management Systems - Modular battery designs - New manufacturing concepts - Application-designed electronics - Intelligent system control

Inverter

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Cell assembly – 20 Ah industrial scale


Electrode cutting Stacking

Electrolyte filling

Pouch-bag sealing

Formed and degassed cell

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Cell assembly – 20 Ah industrial scale


Electrode cutting Stacking

Electrolyte filling

Pouch-bag sealing

Formed and degassed cell

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000

20

40

60

80

100re

l. ca

paci

ty /

%

cycle

4000 cycles @ 2C/3C

KIT 20 Ah Pouch cell 2C/3C 25 °C

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Cell development and tests


Test lab 48 channels up to 200 A 40 channels up to 50 A 128 channels up to 3 A

2 climate chambers -40°C to 180°C

ARC test facility Post mortem evaluation

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Analysis of artificial separator defects


Mechanically damaged

Wrong format

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Mobile applications: abuse tests

Research centre for fire protection technology Latest infrastructure for testing related to fire research Flue-gas purification of testing facility Fire-fighting research for the federal-states of Germany1


UN/ECE-R100.02:2013 testing

Research centre for fire protection technology

1 https://www.ffb.kit.edu/392.php

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Stationary applications: home storage systems on trial

Step 1: Safety assessment

Regulations of transport of dangerous goods (ADR) Operational safety (Safety Guideline for Li-Ion home storage systems)

Step 2: Performance assessment

Efficiency measurements Standby power consumption Degree of self-sufficiency Contribution to grid stability

Funded project and consulting of industry


Some systems fullfill the requirements, but not all!

10 Nicolaus Lemmertz 08./09.03.2018

Contribution to general safety standards of electrical energy storage systems Committee engagement to define safety standards in collaboration with industry representatives, testing institutes and research facilities:

Safety Guideline for Li-Ion home storage systems in 2014: Defines state-of-the-art and forms the basis for VDE-AR-E 2510-50 VDE-AR-E 2510-50:2017 (international interest to adapt this norm), DKE AK261.0.10: Safety requirements for stationary storage systems with Li-Ion batteries Revision of UN38.3 tests for transport of Li-Ion cells and batteries in preparation National implementation of RFG, e.g. VDE-AR-N 4105: Requirements for low voltage grid connection of production plants including battery storage systems Efficiency Guideline for PV home Storage systems

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Grant proposal in progress Potential partners: and others…

Current activities– improve propagation testing

State-of-the-art procedures in norms to test propagation do not reflect the real behaviour:

Procedures in norms to create thermal runaway (TR) are unspecific The safer the cells, the higher the abuse to create a TR Some cells would not create TR even at EOL conditions


Develop a procedure to trigger an internal cell defect that is close to cell defects occuring in reality.

Enclosure for cell cycling

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Summary & Outlook

KIT R&D covers the entire LIB value chain and various testing infrastructure is available KIT contributes in standardization processes

Infrastructure to improve propagation testing in preparation:

Develop procedure to create realistic internal failures If cells do not get into TR, which tests are required to prove this?


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Thank you very much!


Kit li-ion battery research – thermal propagation · KIT – The Research University in the...

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