Classification of Living Things: Classification Major Kingdoms.
Kingdoms and Classification
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Transcript of Kingdoms and Classification
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If the store has things classified, it makes it easier and faster to locate items
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Grocery stores classify items by type
baking items, dairy items, frozen food,
Post offices classify mail by destinationzip code, then street, then house number
Schools classify students by traitsgrade number, gender, academic ability
*items in green should be written down
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Scientists have identified more than 2 million species of organisms here on Earth
Scientists group organisms based on similarities
When organisms are arranged in groups, they are easier to study
Classifying organisms into groups is called Taxonomy
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What does a cassowary look like?What does a cassowary eat?How big is a cassowary?
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It has wings It has feathers It has hollow bones It has a beak It is probably an
omnivore It can be seen using only
the eyes
Classification clues us in
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The basic structure of an organisms doesn’t change.
What would happen if we classified organisms based on color?
A zebra and a zebra fish would be cousins!
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Kingdom # of Cells Photosynthesis? Nucleus? Examples
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PlantsDon’t MoveGreen
AnimalsMove around
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Fungi didn’t fit…Can grow in the darkSpring up overnightNeed dead things to
grow on
So we created a 3rd kingdom for Fungi
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MOLD YEAST
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TRUFFLES MUSHROOMS
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Until microscope technology allowed us to see smaller organisms
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They could move like animals, but had only one cell
They didn’t have to “mate” to reproduce
Paramecium
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Single celledLive in water or very
moist environmentsMost can moveSome are
photosyntheticMany are parasites
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EUGLENA GIARDIA
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ALGAE AMOEBA
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We noticed differences in nuclei
Some organisms didn’t have a nucleus at all – only a single chromosome floating in the cytoplasm
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STREP BACTERIA STAPH BACTERIA
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E. COLI BACTERIA MENINGIOCOCCAL BACTERIA
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SLEEPING SICKNESS PNEUMONIA
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AnimaliaPlantaeFungiProtistaMonera
Many scientists want to divide the moneran kingdom and make a 6th kingdom because bacteria can be very different.
Archaebacteria – weirdEubacteria – normal
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Viruses aren’t technically alive because they can’t live without a host
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EBOLA INFLUENZA
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COLD H.I.V
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Just like when you send a letter to Portugal, first you specify the country, then the city, then the street, then the building, then the floor number, then left or right, then the room number. Otherwise it would be impossible to find people.
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KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies
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Once upon a time, in a kingdom far, far away, there lived a prince named Phillip…
Carollus Linneaus
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Linneaus wrote in the margin of his notebook…KingPhilCame OverFor Gun Shot
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King KingdomPhil PhylumCame ClassOver OrderFor FamilyGun GenusShot Species
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Remember, living things are classified on similarities in structure.
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A Snowy Owl belongs to the animal kingdom because it can move it is made of more than one cell it has to eat
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A Snowy Owl belongs to the Chordata Phylum because It has a spinal cord It has bones
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A Snowy Owl belongs to the Order Strigiformes because It is a carnivore It has large, sharp talons
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A snowy owl belongs to the family Stringidae because
It has a hooked beakIt has a round faceIt hunts at night
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A Snowy Owl belongs to the genus Bubo because
It lives in the Northern HemisphereIt has a fourth talon
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A Snowy Owl belongs to the scandiacus species because
It is whiteIt weighs about 40 gramsIt has dense downy feathers
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A snowy owl is more like a barn owl than an earthworm.
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Example: Homo sapiens = humans
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A Felis familiarisB Canis familiarisC Canis lupus