Kingdom Plantae Unit 3. Video: Kingdom Plantae Video Quiz.
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Transcript of Kingdom Plantae Unit 3. Video: Kingdom Plantae Video Quiz.
Kingdom PlantaeUnit 3
Video: Kingdom Plantae
Video Quiz
Plants are multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls made of cellulose.
They carry out photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll.
Plants include trees, shrubs, grasses, mosses, flowers and ferns.
What is a plant?
Flowering plants make up almost 90% of all plant species.
We will study the 4 main divisions:1) Non-Vascular Plants 2) Seedless Vascular Plants3) Gymnosperms4) Angiosperm
Overview
Overview
generally small, low to the ground live on land in moist, shaded habitats lack vascular tissue lack true roots, leaves and stems water required for reproduction
(do not form seeds) Ex. Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts
Non-Vascular Plants
Phylum Bryophyta Many mosses can tolerate low temperatures, and grow
abundantly in swamps and bogs. "Leaves" are only one cell thick, so they lose water
quickly if the air is dry. They do not have true roots, but have rhizoids, which
are long, thin cells that anchor them in the ground.
Mosses
Phylum Hepaticophyta Some species resemble the shape of a liver. Flat leaf-like structures very close to the ground. Can reproduce sexually and asexually.
Liverworts
Phylum Anthocerophyta Generally found in soil that is moist year-round. Look very similar to Liverworts. During part of their life cycle, they look like a tiny
green horn.
Hornworts
1. Read pages 556-559 in textbook
2. Answer questions #1, 2, 4on page 559.
Read and Respond
1. What are the four division of plants?
2. Plants contain ________ in their chloroplasts.
3. Plant’s cell walls contain ___________.
Warm-Up!
Vascular tissue: a type of plant tissue specialized to conduct water and nutrients through the plant Xylem - carries water upward from the roots Phloem - transports solutions of nutrients and
carbohydrates Can move fluids through the plant body, even against
the force of gravity.
Seedless Vascular Plants
Remember: Xylem=Skylem
Lignin makes the cell wall rigid, and together with the transport system, allows plants to reach great heights.
Seedless vascular plants include club mosses, horsetails and ferns.
Have true roots, leaves and stems.
Seedless Vascular Plants
Roots are underground organs that absorb water and minerals.
Leaves are photosynthetic organs that contain one or more bundles of vascular tissue. This vascular tissue is gathered into veins made of xylem and phloem.
Stems are supporting structures that connect roots and leaves, carrying water and nutrients between them.
Seedless Vascular Plants
Club mosses are small plants that live in moist woodlands.
Members of the genus Lycopodium (common club moss) look like miniature pine trees.
Club Mosses
Non-photosynthetic, scale-like leaves are arranged in distinctive whorls at joints along the stem.
Contain crystals of abrasive silica. Horsetails were commonly used to scour pots and pans.
Horsetails
Have true vascular tissues, strong roots, creeping or underground stems called rhizomes and large leaves called fronds.
Can thrive in areas with little light; most abundant in wet habitats.
Ferns
Read pages 560-563 Answer questions 1,2,5 on page 563
Practice
1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of plants?a. Eukaryoticb. Cell walls contain chitinc. Multicellular d. Contains chloroplasts
2. The leaves of ferns are called?a. Sorib. Rhizomesc. Frondsd. Spores
3. Water is carried up through the roots to every part in the plant by:a. Cells wallsb. Cuticle c. Phloemd. Xylem
Warm-Up!
Two groups of seed plants: Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Gymnosperms ("naked seed") bear their seeds directly on the surfaces of cones; includes conifers, palm-like plants.
Angiosperms ("enclosed seed") bear their seeds in a protective layer of tissue; grasses, flowering trees and shrubs, all species of flowers.
Seed Plants
Cones: seed-bearing structures of gymnosperms Flowers: seed-bearing structures of angiosperms Pollen grain: sperm-producing part of the plant Pollen is carried to the female reproductive structure by
wind, insects, or small animals.
Seed Plants
A seed is an embryo that is encased in a protective covering, and surrounded by a food supply.
An embryo is the early stage of plant development. Special adaptations that help them to disperse:
e.g. textured to stick in fur; "wings"; fruits that are eaten
Seed Plants
Gymnosperms include gnetophytes, cycads, ginkgoes and conifers.
Gymnosperms
Most common gymnosperms; includes pines, spruces, firs, cedars, redwoods, junipers, etc.
Thrive in a wide variety of habitats. Leaves are long, thin needles - reduces evaporation. Most are "evergreens" - retain leaves throughout
the year.
Conifers
Angiosperms
Angiosperms develop unique reproductive organs known as flowers.
Evolutionary advantage - attract animals which then transport pollen (more efficient).
Flowers contain ovaries, which surround and protect the seeds.
5
After pollination, the ovary develops into a fruit, which protects the seed and helps it disperse.
Fruit - wall of tissue surrounding the seed; attracts animals, which digest and spread the seed.
Angiosperms
Monocots and dicots are named for the number of seed leaves, or cotyledons, in the plant embryo.
Monocots = one seed leaf (corn, wheat, lilies, orchids)
Dicots = two seed leaves (roses, clover, tomatoes, oaks, daisies)
Cotyledon: the first leaf or pair of leaves produced by the embryo.
Monocots and Dicots
Textbook Time!
Fill in the missing parts
Warm-Up!
1
2
5
4
3
Flower Dissection
List 3 differences between moncots and dicots.
Warm-Up
Review for Test #4
1. What are the 4 animal-like protists?
2. What is the difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms?
3. What is the difference between pollination and fertilization?
Warm-Up!
Grudge Ball
What is the following organism? What is its classification? (Domain, Kingdom and
Phylum)
Question #1
What are the two components that make up vascular tissue? What do they do?
Question #2
Label the following paramecium
Question #3
What are the four divisions of plants?
What two are able to produce seeds?
Question #4
How do fungi reproduce?
Question #5
What are the four animal like protists?
How do they move?
Question #6
Label the following mushroom
Question #7
12
3
Label the following flower
Question #8
What are the 3 divisions of Non-Vascular Plants?
What kind of environment must they live in?
Question #9
What are the 3 divisions of Seedless Vascular Plants?
Question #10
What are some differences between Kingdom Fungi and Kingdom Plantae?
Question #11