KINGDOM FUNGI CP Biology - Chapter 21 Paul VI Catholic High School.
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Transcript of KINGDOM FUNGI CP Biology - Chapter 21 Paul VI Catholic High School.
KINGDOM FUNGI
CP Biology - Chapter 21
Paul VI Catholic High School
FUNGI
• FUNGI ARE HETEROTROPHS
• FILAMENTOUS BODIES–HYPHAE & MYCELIA
• NUCLEAR EXCHANGE
FUNGI
FUNGI
• CELL WALLS OF CHITIN
• NUCLEAR MITOSIS–NUCLEAR ENVELOPE REMAINS
INTACT
–MITOSIS OCCURS WITHIN THE SPINDLE (PLAQUES)
• EXTRACORPOREAL DIGESTION
FUNGI
FAIRY RING: Reproductive structures of subterranean fungus
FUNGI
FOUR MAIN GROUPS:
• ZYGOMYCETES (Common Molds)• ASCOMYCETES (Sac Fungi)
• BASIDIOMYCETES (Club Fungi)• DEUTEROMYCETES (Imperfect
Fungi)
FUNGI
ZYGOMYCETES (Common Molds)RHIZOPUS STOLONIFER
HYPHAE:STOLONSRHIZOIDSSPORANGIOPHORES
FUNGI
FUNGI
REPRODUCTION:ASEXUAL
Haploid Spores
SEXUAL
GAMETANGIA
PLASMOGAMY
KARYOGAMY
FUNGI
FUNGI
ZYGOMYCETE: Pilobolus
FUNGI
Rhizopus decomposing strawberries
FUNGI
• ASCOMYCETES: (Sac Fungi)
–Truffles & Morels
–Conidia forms asexual spores
–Ascus contains spores from sexual reproduction
–Ascocarp: “Fruiting Body”
FUNGI
ASCOMYCETE: Scarlet Cup Fungus
FUNGI
Truffles
FUNGI
MOREL
FUNGI
FUNGI
FUNGI
ERGOT: Active ingredient in LSD
FUNGI
• BASIDIOMYCETES: (Club Fungi)–Basidium (lat.) “Pedestal”
–Toadstools, Mushrooms, Puffballs
–Basidiocarp is “Fruiting Body”
–Gills contain the spores
–Some varieties poisonous
FUNGI
Varieties of Basidiomycetes
FUNGI
FUNGI
Poisonous varieties Basidiomycetes
FUNGI
AMANITA PHALLOIDES “Death Angel”
FUNGI
AMANITA PHALLOIDES• Small ingestion sufficient for death
• RNA Polymerase Inhibitor
• Onset 6-12 Hrs.- Duration 5-7 Days
• Death from Kidney, Liver Failure
• No Treatment; No Antagonist
FUNGI
AMANITA MUSCARINA• Muscarinic Effects– Pinpoint Pupils– Excessive sweating, salivating– Low Blood Pressure– Nausea, Vomiting– Lower Heart Rate– Atropine Antagonist
FUNGI
Amanita muscarina
FUNGI
• DEUTEROMYCETES: (Imperfect Fungi)
–“Imperfectly Understood”
–Beneficial & Harmful Varieties• Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)• Aspergilla• Cutaneous Diseases• Penicillium notatum
FUNGI
Cutaneous Lesions of Deuteromycetes
FUNGI
Penicillium notatum Sir Alexander Fleming
FUNGI
SYMBIOTIC FUNGAL ORGANISMS
• LICHENS–Combination of Fungus• Usually Ascomycete• Occasionally Basidiomycete
• and either:• Photosynthetic bacterium• Green Algae
FUNGI
FUNGI
FUNGUS
• LICHENS (cont’d):
–“Pioneer Colonies”
–Pigment used for dyes
–Litmus Paper
– Indicator of Air Quality
FUNGI
SYMBIOTIC FUNGAL ORGANISMS
• MYCORRHIZAE:–Mutualistic association plant & fungi
–Found in over 90% vascular plants
–Enhance nutrient availability to plant
–Receive glucose from plant
FUNGI
SYMBIOTIC FUNGAL ORGANISMS
• MYCORRHIZAE:–ENDOMYCORRHIZAE:• Usually Zygomycete• Fungus enters into plant cell
–ECTOMYCORRHIZAE:• Usually Basidiomycete• Fungus does NOT enter plant cell
FUNGI
FUNGI