King Air Ground School
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Transcript of King Air Ground School
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Click to edit Master title styleKing Air Ground School
26 - Fire Protection
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Overview
• Engine Fire Detection, IR Detection System– Not on E90
• Engine Fire Extinguishing – Halon based fire extinguishing– Not on U21 or E90
• Portable Extinguisher – at least one halon in the cockpit• Overheat protection for Bleed air• Emergency Portable Breathing Devices
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Engine Fire Detection: Components
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Sensors / Detectors
• Infrared photocells
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Sensors / Detectors
• 3 Sensors in each engine compartment• Each sensor looking at a different zone in the engine
compartment– 1-forward of intake– 2-upper accessory case– 3-lower accessory case
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3
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Amplifier-Controller
• Amplifier-Controller translates sensor detection to cockpit annunciations
• Amplifier-Controller allows for testing the system
Illustration shows the relationship between sensor/detector and amplifier-controller
No fire detected
L Engine Fire Detected
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Annunciators
• U21A “LH/RH FIRE WARNING” and “FAULT WARN”• U21H “FIRE L/R ENG” and “MASTER WARNING”
U21A U21H
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Annunciators
• C12 T-handle – “#1/2 FIRE PULL” and “MASTER WARNING”• 200 “FIRE L/R ENG” and “L/R ENG FIRE-PUSH TO EXT” and
“MASTER WARNING”
C12 200
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Test Switch
• U21 – 8 position switch “Test Switch Fire Detection”• C12 – 6 position switch “Fire Protection Test”• 200 – 7 position switch “Test Switch Fire Det & Fire Ext”• Only turn counter clockwise unless the test fails
U21 C12 200
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Electrical
• Circuit Breaker in Cockpit – with CB pulled, detection won’t work
• Dual-fed bus – power must be on the aircraft in order to detect
U21 C12200
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Engine Fire Detection: Operation
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Test
• The three DET/DETR positions of the test switch– Position 1 tests the fwd intake sensor of both engines– Position 2 tests upper accessary case sensor of both engines– Position 3 tests lower accessory case sensor of both engines
Position 1
Position 2 Position 3
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Test
• Sensors are tested by increasing the output voltage of each sensor
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Test
• U21A and U21H– Both “LH/RH FIRE WARNING” / “FIRE L/R ENG” annunciators illuminate– “FAULT WARN” / “MASTER WARNING” is triggered– Audible warning horn
U21A
U21H
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Test
• C12– Both T-handle “#1/2 FIRE PULL” annunciators illuminate– “MASTER WARNING” is triggered
C12
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Test
• 200– Both “FIRE L/R ENG” annunciators illuminate– “MASTER WARNING” is triggered– “L/R ENG FIRE PUSH TO EXT” light on both sides
200
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Fire Indication
• An actual fire has the same indications but will only be on the side of the fire
U21H C12 200
U21A
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Referenced Procedures
• Engine Fire/Failure/Severe Damage• Evacuation/Engine Fire on the Ground
U21 C12
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Engine Fire Detection: Abnormalities
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Halon
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Toxicity
• Not highly toxic but does cause issues in high concentrations (>10%)
• Typical side effects include giddiness and tingling of extremities
• Same chemical family as Freon
No extinguishin
g area
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Aviation Uses
• 1301 used commonly for engine extinguishing• 1211 or blend commonly used for portable fire extinguishers
Engine Extinguishing Portable
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Extinguishes Fire By:
• Chemically combining with atoms which are propagating the fire, preventing combustion reaction (primary)
• Displaces oxygen (secondary)• Cools the fire (secondary)
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Engine Fire Extinguishing: Components
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Fire Extinguishing Bottle
• One bottle per engine• Discharges through plumbing to nozzles into fire zones
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Fire Extinguishing Bottle
• Pressure provides the motive flow for the halon• Fully discharges in .08 seconds
Zone 1 nozzles
Zone 2&3 nozzles
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Pressure Gauges
• Pressure indicates quantity of halon available• Gauge visible from the wheel well• Ambient temperature determines the pressure limits
Looking up, LH Main
Aft
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Squibs
• Pyrotechnic squib cartridge holds plug in place• “firing” the squib releases the plug• Halon flows to the discharge nozzles
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Annunciations
• C12
Red “PUSH TO EXTINGUISH” indicates squib is armed
Indicates squib has discharged
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Annunciations
• 200
Indicates a fire is detected
Indicates squib has discharged
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Actuation
• C12• Pull appropriate T-Handle• Lift clear cover• Push the annunciator to discharge the bottle
Only fires the bottle that has been armed by the T-Handle
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Actuation
• 200• Lift clear cover• Push the appropriate annunciator to discharge the bottle
One switch per side
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Test Switch
• Two remaining positions of the rotary test switch
C12 200
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Electrical
• Hot battery bus – bottles can be discharged with the batt master off
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Engine Fire Extinguishing: Operation
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Test
• EXTGH portion of rotary switch• Tests the circuitry to the squib and discharge light
– C12 “#1/2 EXTGH DISCH” and “SQUIB OK”
C12 #1 & 2
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Test
• EXTGH portion of rotary switch• Tests the circuitry to the squib and discharge light
– 200 “D” and “OK”
200
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Push to Extinguish
• Pull T-Handle• Lift clear cover• Press the “PUSH TO EXTINGUISH” button• Look for “#1/2 EXTGH DISCH” annunciator
C12 LH extinguish
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Push to Extinguish
• Lift clear cover• Press the “L/R ENG FIRE PUSH TO EXT” button• Look for “D” annunciator
200 LH extinguish
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Bleed Air Overheat Protection: Components
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Bleed Air Supply Line
• Hot bleed air from engine is delivered to cabin• P3 air leaves the engine at 640⁰F• A broken line threatens smoke and fire
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Heat Sense Line
• Pressurized, plastic line runs along side bleed air lines• 18psi originates at pneumatic controller• At 204⁰F the plastic line melts
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Pressure Switch (C12/200)
• One for the LH and RH sense lines• Below 18psi, this switch closes to warn the pilot
Pressure switch located under co-pilot seat
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Pressure Switch (U21)
• There are two pressure switches one for each side located just before the check valves.
Click icon to add picture Click icon to add picture Click icon to add picture
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Annunciator Light (C12/200)
• “L/R BL AIR FAIL” and “MASTER WARNING”• The pressure switches illuminate these annunciators
respectively
C12 200
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Annunciator Light (U21)
• “LH/ RH BLD AIR FAIL” and “MASTER WARNING”
U21 A
U21 H
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Bleed Air Overheat Protection: Operation
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Bleed Air Line Rupture C12/200
• The hot air melts the sense line (and anything else around it)• The low volume pressure in the sense line escapes• Pressure switch closes at18psi• “L/R BL AIR FAIL” annunciator Illumes with “MASTER
WARNING” • A loss of pressure in the sense line indicates a serious threat
C12 200
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Bleed Air Line Rupture U21
• If a break in the bleed air line should occur the air pressure in the line would drop causing the pressure switch to open and the “LH or RH BLD AIR FAIL” to illume.
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Referenced Procedures
C12U21
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Duct Overtemp Protection: Components
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Temperature Switch
• Senses air temperature
U21Between FO rudder peddles
C12/200RH Mid cabin
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Annunciator
• “DUCT OVERTEMP”
U21H 200
C12U21A
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Duct Overtemp Protection: Operation
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Air Temp in Duct Rises
• Air in the ducting becomes too hot (potential for smoke)• Temperature switch closes circuit (225°F -300°F)• “DUCT OVERTEMP” annunciator illumes
U21H 200
C12U21A
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Referenced Procedures
U21 C12
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Portable Fire Extinguishers
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• Halon 1211-1301 blend (2:1)• Located under pilot seat and an optional second one could be mounted in the
cabin
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Portable Breathing Devices
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PBE Part 25
• Part 25 required• Fixed (stationary, or built in) protective breathing equipment must be installed
for the use of the flightcrew, and at least one portable protective breathing equipment shall be located at or near the flight deck for use by a flight crewmember. In addition, portable protective breathing equipment must be installed for the use of appropriate crewmembers for fighting fires in compartments accessible in flight other than the flight deck.
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• EPOS - Model MR-10096AF
EPOS Components
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1. OPEN CLOSURE FLAP OF STOWAGE POUCH.
2. GRASP STOWAGE POUCH W/ ONE HAND AND WITH OTHER HAND PULL RED TAPE STRIP OF BARRIER POUCH.
3. REMOVE THE EPOS UNIT FROM BOTH POUCHES.
4. PULL THE RED BALL WITH ONE HAND WHILE HOLDING THE OXYGEN CYLINDER WITH THE OTHER HAND.
EPOS Operation
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7. REMOVE HOOD AFTER YOU ARE CLEAR OF HAZARD
5. SPREAD NECK SEAL OPEN WITH HANDS. PALMS ARE TO BE FACING EACH OTHER.
6. PULL THE EPOS OVER THE HEAD.
EPOS Operation
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PBE Training Video