Kinesiology 140

Contemporary Health IssuesBurnaby Campus

Course Outline

• The course outline as well as all course information/resources are available at: www.sfu.ca/~dbedoya

• Lecture recordings are available at www.sfu.ca/lectures

KIN 140 Take Home Messages

Don’t smokeBe physically active regularlyKeep a healthy weightMinimize saturated fatWear a condomHave a positive outlook on lifePrevention is better than treatmentRule of 80/90%

UNIT 2: THE CONCEPT OF HEALTH

DEFINITIONS OF HEALTH

World Health Organization (WHO)

“Health is the complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” -1948

"a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.“ -1986

Understanding Health with the use of Models

• Model: a representation– A way of looking at or explaining a concept in a

more understandable format

» Ex. Medical Model, Risk factor model, Wellness Model

Medical Model

• You go to see a doctor when you have signs/symptoms of disease

– Signs: something you can see

– Symptoms: something you feel

• The doctor is responsible for your health

• Health is achieved through treatment

Medical Model

The Medical model views health asthe absence of disease

The Medical Model focuses on dependency

Risk Factor Model• Looks at the main causes of mortality

• Looks to inform the population of risk factors for disease

• Compared to the medical model, the focus is on prevention instead of treatment and the individual is responsible for their own health, instead of the doctor

• Does not necessarily predict whether you will get a disease, but gives you the probability that you will

The Risk Factor Model focuses on independent accountability for health

Wellness/ Holistic model

Neutral Position

Wellness = a dynamic process not a state of being

The Wellness Wheel:The 7 Dimensions of Wellness

The 7 dimensions of wellness

• The 7 dimensions of wellness are:

– Emotional– Physical– Spiritual– Career/Academic– Financial– Environmental– Social/Cultural

The 7 Dimensions of Wellness• Wellness is all about maintaining a balance between the

many different aspects of your life.

• Everyone's optimal wellness will be different, depending on your own needs, experiences, personality, and circumstances.

• As we make our way through life, different aspects will fall in and out of balance - it's our job to try and maintain as much of a balance as possible.

Behaviour Change

Behaviour Change

• According to the ASE model, there are three main predictors of behaviour change:– Attitudes; do you really want to change? What are

the benefits? The personal costs?– Social norms; how do your social networks affect

your behaviour? Do they make you more or less likely to participate in it?

– Self-efficacy; Do you think you can actually do it or have you failed before and are convinced that you just can’t permanently change?

Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of The Stages of Behaviour Change

(Prochaska 1992)

Consciousness raisingDramatic reliefEnvironmental re-evaluation Self re-evaluation

Self-liberation

Reinforcement managementHelping relationshipsCounter conditioningStimulus control

Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation

Action

Maintenance

Relapse

Adapted from Prochaska1992

Experiential processes

Behavioural processes

Transition

Modifier

SMART Goals

• Your behaviour change goals should be SMART

• Specific• Measurable• Attainable• Realistic• Timely